Heat dissipation shell for new energy automobile battery pack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, and discloses a heat dissipation shell for a new energy automobile battery pack, which comprises a shell body with a liquid cooling cavity and a local heat dissipation part, the shell body is used for bearing a battery pack; the local heat dissipation part comprises a local heat dissipation piece and a driving mechanism, the local heat dissipation piece is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the shell body and used for driving the local heat dissipation piece to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity; the local heat dissipation piece comprises a second heat dissipation cavity and a first heat dissipation cavity which are sequentially arranged in the first direction. According to the heat dissipation shell for the new energy automobile battery pack, the situation that the new energy automobile battery pack cannot quickly respond to temperature change due to too fast local temperature rise in the using process is avoided, the system energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity and stability of the battery pack are improved, the service life of the battery pack is prolonged, and the reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, and in particular to a heat dissipation shell for a new energy vehicle battery pack. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle market, the thermal management technology of battery packs as its core components is receiving more and more attention. When new energy vehicles are running at high speed for a long time, frequently starting and stopping, and in extreme temperature environments (such as cold winter or hot summer), the battery pack will generate a lot of heat, causing the temperature to rise rapidly. If the heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and efficient manner, it will directly affect the performance, life and safety of the battery pack. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of different usage scenarios (such as highway driving, urban traffic, off-road, etc.), heat dissipation technology needs to take into account heat dissipation efficiency, temperature uniformity and overall system energy efficiency optimization. Therefore, efficient heat dissipation housing design has become a key link in ensuring the performance and reliability of new energy vehicles.

[0003] In the prior art, the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack of new energy vehicles mainly adopts liquid cooling technology. This solution designs a liquid cooling cavity around the battery pack and uses the circulation of coolant to conduct the heat generated by the battery pack to the radiator for discharge. Liquid cooling can quickly and evenly take away the heat and achieve overall heat dissipation of the battery pack. However, since the existing liquid cooling technology mainly dissipates heat over a large area through the circulation of coolant, and the temperature of the coolant is relatively uniform, during the flow of the coolant, local areas (such as the parts of the battery pack that generate more heat) may form hot spots due to heat accumulation, resulting in uneven temperature distribution. Liquid cooling technology relies on the rapid flow of coolant, but in the case of a sudden increase in local heat (such as vehicle acceleration or high-speed charging), the coolant cannot respond quickly to temperature changes, which can easily cause local overheating. In order to ensure the rapid circulation of the coolant, the existing liquid cooling technology usually needs to be equipped with a high-power circulation pump, which increases the energy consumption of the system, and the area with less heat generation may be overcooled, resulting in uneven heat dissipation temperature. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation shell for a new energy vehicle battery pack, so as to avoid the local temperature rise of the new energy vehicle battery pack during use being too fast and unable to respond quickly to temperature changes, reduce the energy consumption of the system, and improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity and stability of the battery pack, thereby extending the service life of the battery pack and improving reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: Design a heat dissipation shell for a new energy vehicle battery pack, including a shell body with a liquid cooling cavity and a local heat dissipation component; The shell body is used to carry the battery pack; The local heat dissipation component includes a local heat dissipation element and a driving mechanism, wherein the local heat dissipation element is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the shell body and is used to drive the local heat dissipation element to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber; The local heat dissipation element includes a second heat dissipation cavity and a first heat dissipation cavity arranged in sequence along a first direction, a heat exchange channel for mutual communication is formed between the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity, and the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity are both used to store phase change liquid.

[0006] Optionally, the local heat dissipation component also includes a local heat dissipation shell, the second heat dissipation cavity and the first heat dissipation cavity are opened in the local heat dissipation shell in sequence along the first direction, the heat exchange channel is opened in the local heat dissipation shell and is located between the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity, and is used for the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity to communicate with each other, the local heat dissipation shell is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity, and the second heat dissipation cavity is located at the end of the local heat dissipation shell close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity.

[0007] Optionally, a guide metal sheet extending along the flow direction of the coolant is provided at the end of the local heat dissipation shell away from the bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity, the guide metal sheets are arranged in sequence along the second direction and are at least partially located in the first heat dissipation cavity, and a ceramic structural plate is fixedly connected to the end face of the local heat dissipation shell close to the bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity, and the ceramic structural plate is at least partially used to shield the second heat dissipation cavity and is in contact with the bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity.

[0008] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a threaded screw and an adjusting mechanism, the driving motor is arranged on the shell body, and the output end is located in the liquid cooling chamber, one end of the threaded screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber, and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving motor located in the liquid cooling chamber, and the side of the adjusting mechanism is threadedly connected to the threaded screw through a threaded hole.

[0009] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment seat, an adjustment rod and an adjustment spring, the side of the adjustment seat is threadedly connected to the threaded screw through a threaded hole, the end face of the adjustment seat is sleeved on the surface of the adjustment rod through a groove, the adjustment spring is arranged in the groove of the adjustment seat and is located between the adjustment seat and the adjustment rod, and one end of the adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the local heat dissipation shell.

[0010] Optionally, the shell body includes a mounting shell, the liquid cooling cavity is opened in the mounting shell, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively opened at two ends of the mounting shell, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are both connected to the liquid cooling cavity.

[0011] Optionally, a liquid circulation pump is further included, wherein the input end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid outlet through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid inlet through a pipeline.

[0012] Optionally, the mounting shell is provided with a storage cavity for carrying the battery pack corresponding to the liquid cooling cavity, and the inner wall of the storage cavity is provided with a heat conducting sheet for abutting against the battery pack.

[0013] Optionally, a control component is also included, which includes a detection mechanism, a control module and a driver. The output end of the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the input end of the control module for monitoring the temperature area of ​​the battery pack. The output end of the control module is electrically connected to the input end of the driver, and the output end of the driver is electrically connected to the drive motor.

[0014] Optionally, a one-way valve is provided in the heat exchange channel, and the one-way valve opens when the phase-change liquid in the second heat dissipation cavity changes into gas, so that the first heat dissipation cavity and the second heat dissipation cavity are connected.

[0015] The present invention provides a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, which has the following beneficial effects: The heat dissipation shell of the battery pack carries the battery pack through the shell body, and coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling cavity to uniformly dissipate heat to the battery pack located inside the shell body, thereby ensuring stable operation of the battery pack. The local heat dissipation element is connected in the liquid cooling cavity by sliding and is driven by a driving mechanism to move on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (i.e., the plate surface that contacts the battery pack and conducts heat). When the temperature of certain areas of the battery pack rises rapidly or the local temperature is too high, the local heat dissipation element can slide to these high-temperature areas for precise heat dissipation to ensure the accuracy of temperature control of the battery pack. A first heat dissipation cavity and a second heat dissipation cavity are provided inside the local heat dissipation element, which are respectively used to store phase change liquids. Through the heat exchange channel, the phase change liquids between the two heat dissipation cavities exchange heat. When the battery pack heats up locally rapidly, the local heat dissipation element will slide to the area where the heat is more concentrated, and conduct heat by contacting the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity. At this time, the phase change material in the second heat dissipation cavity absorbs After being heated, it vaporizes and transfers to the first heat dissipation cavity, thereby realizing efficient heat dissipation. The vaporized phase change material enters the first heat dissipation cavity, and rapidly releases heat through the contact between the cavity and the coolant, so that the gas condenses and liquefies and flows back to the second heat dissipation cavity for cyclic heat absorption and heat release. The phase change material fully absorbs heat in the second heat dissipation cavity and fully dissipates heat in the first heat dissipation cavity, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency, avoiding the phase change material from circulating in the same cavity, resulting in uneven heat distribution of the phase change material, and avoiding the local temperature of the phase change material being too high or too low, thereby affecting the heat dissipation efficiency. Through the efficient heat absorption and heat release characteristics of the phase change material, accurate heat dissipation regulation of different areas is realized, and the sliding of the local heat dissipation component in the liquid cooling cavity ensures the dynamic adjustment of the heat distribution, avoiding overheating or overcooling of a part of the battery pack and causing performance degradation, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity and stability of the battery pack, extending the service life of the battery pack and improving reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the left side cross-sectional structure of the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the heat dissipation housing of the battery pack in the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a top cross-sectional structure of a heat dissipation housing of a battery pack in the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A.

[0017] In the figure: 100, shell body; 110, liquid cooling chamber; 120, mounting shell; 130, liquid inlet; 140, liquid outlet; 150, storage chamber; 160, heat conducting plate; 200, local heat dissipation component; 210, local heat dissipation component; 211, first heat dissipation chamber; 212, second heat dissipation chamber; 213, heat exchange channel; 214, local heat dissipation shell; 215, guide metal sheet; 216, ceramic structural plate; 220, driving mechanism; 221, driving motor; 222, threaded screw; 223, adjusting mechanism; 2231, adjusting seat; 2232, adjusting rod; 2233, adjusting spring; 300, heat shield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides a heat dissipation shell, which is applied to the battery shell according to the scene of storing battery packs. In this embodiment, the structure of the heat dissipation shell is improved to have the advantage of local and precise heat dissipation. Specifically, taking the heat dissipation shell of the battery pack of a new energy vehicle as an example, as a preferred solution in this embodiment, the heat dissipation shell is specifically a heat dissipation shell for the battery pack of a new energy vehicle, which can uniformly dissipate the heat of the battery pack of the new energy vehicle as a whole during use, and precisely dissipate the heat in some areas where the temperature rises too fast.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, comprising a housing body 100 with a liquid cooling cavity 110 and a local heat dissipation component 200; The shell body 100 is used to carry the battery pack; The local heat dissipation component 200 includes a local heat dissipation element 210 and a driving mechanism 220. The local heat dissipation element 210 is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The driving mechanism 220 is arranged on the shell body 100 and is used to drive the local heat dissipation element 210 to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The local heat dissipation element 210 includes a second heat dissipation cavity 212 and a first heat dissipation cavity 211 sequentially arranged along a first direction, a heat exchange channel 213 for mutual communication is formed between the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212, the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 are both used to store phase change liquid, and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 sequentially arranged along the first direction are specifically arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and the first direction represents a vertical direction, which can be indicated not only from bottom to top by an arrow, but also from top to bottom; The battery pack is carried by the shell body 100, and the coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling cavity 110 to uniformly dissipate the heat of the battery pack located inside the shell body 100. The local heat sink 210 is slidably connected in the liquid cooling cavity 110 and driven by the driving mechanism 220. It can move on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 (that is, the plate surface that contacts the battery pack and conducts heat). When the temperature of certain areas of the battery pack rises rapidly or the local temperature is too high, the local heat sink 210 can slide to these high-temperature areas for precise heat dissipation to ensure the accuracy of temperature control of the battery pack. The local heat sink 210 is provided with a first heat dissipation cavity 211 and a second heat dissipation cavity 212, which are respectively used to store phase change liquid (in a relative sense, used to store phase change liquid, that is, two spaces connected by the heat exchange channel 213. Due to the effect of gravity, the phase change liquid is concentratedly stored at the bottom wall of the heat dissipation cavity located below. When the phase change liquid is heated and vaporized, the generated gas rises and enters the heat dissipation cavity located above through the heat exchange channel 213). Through the heat exchange channel 213, the two heat sinks The phase-change liquid between the heat chambers exchanges heat. When the battery pack heats up locally faster, the local heat sink 210 will slide to the area where the heat is more concentrated, and conduct heat by contacting the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. At this time, the phase-change material in the second heat dissipation chamber 212 absorbs heat and then vaporizes, and is transferred to the first heat dissipation chamber 211, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation. The vaporized phase-change material enters the first heat dissipation chamber 211, and rapidly releases heat through the contact between the chamber and the coolant, so that the gas condenses and liquefies and flows back to the second heat dissipation chamber 212 for cyclic heat absorption and heat release. The phase-change material fully absorbs heat in the second heat dissipation chamber 212 and fully dissipates heat in the first heat dissipation chamber 211, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and achieving precise heat dissipation regulation of different areas. The sliding of the local heat sink 210 in the liquid cooling chamber 110 ensures the dynamic adjustment of the heat distribution, avoids the performance degradation caused by overheating or overcooling of a part of the battery pack, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, uniformity and stability of the battery pack, extending the service life of the battery pack and improving the reliability. The heat absorption efficiency of the coolant is determined by the liquid. The commonly used coolant is ethylene glycol aqueous solution. The specific heat capacity of the phase change liquid is larger than that of the coolant. The phase change material has a stronger buffering effect on heat than the coolant, the temperature change is more gentle, and the thermal conductivity is higher. Since the new energy vehicle battery pack reaches a suitable temperature range during use, the working efficiency is the best. Too high or too low temperature will affect the use effect of the new energy vehicle battery pack. Therefore, it cannot be overcooled, so you cannot choose a coolant that will cause overcooling; In this embodiment, the first heat dissipation cavity 211 is arranged in the local heat dissipation element 210 close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 is arranged in the local heat dissipation element 210 corresponding to the first heat dissipation cavity 211 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, or the second heat dissipation cavity 212 is arranged in the local heat dissipation element 210 close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 is arranged in the local heat dissipation element 210 corresponding to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, that is, the first heat dissipation cavity 211 or the second heat dissipation cavity 212 close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 absorbs heat, and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 or the second heat dissipation cavity 212 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 releases heat; In this embodiment, another specific problem is solved. When the coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling chamber 110, it continues to move in one direction until it is discharged from the liquid cooling chamber 110. The part of the liquid cooling chamber 110 that contacts the coolant first has the best heat exchange effect. As the coolant moves and absorbs heat, the heat exchange effect of the part of the liquid cooling chamber 110 that is far away from the coolant is relatively low, and the temperature rise of this part is relatively high. At this time, the local heat dissipation element 210 can slide to these high-temperature areas for auxiliary heat dissipation, that is, stay for a long time to assist heat dissipation, and can also move to the part that suddenly heats up rapidly for key heat dissipation. In this embodiment, a heat shield 300 is further included. The heat shield 300 is arranged in the local heat dissipation element 210 to form a first heat dissipation cavity 211 and a second heat dissipation cavity 212. The heat shield 300 is arranged to be inclined along the second direction. One end of the heat shield 300 forms one of the heat exchange channels 213 with the inner wall of the local heat dissipation element 210, and the other end of the heat shield 300 forms another heat exchange channel 213 with the inner wall of the local heat dissipation element 210. The phase change liquid in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 rises after vaporization. The gas is pre-collected by the heat shield 300, and then the gas is passed through the heat shield 300 relative to the upper end and the local heat dissipation element 212 by air pressure. 10, the heat exchange channel 213 formed on the inner wall enters the first heat dissipation cavity 211. After sufficient heat release, the gas in the first heat dissipation cavity 211 condenses into liquid and enters the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through the heat exchange channel 213 formed by the lower end of the heat shield 300 and the inner wall of the local heat dissipation element 210. Through the arrangement of the heat shield 300, the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 are a whole cavity, which avoids the stagnation of the gas in the middle part after the phase change liquid is vaporized, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency. The second heat dissipation cavity 212 focuses on absorbing heat, and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 focuses on dissipating heat, avoiding the heat back transfer caused by the mixing of gas and liquid in a single cavity.

[0021] In this embodiment, the heat shield 300 can be horizontally arranged along the second direction, and the heat exchange channel 213 is opened in the middle part or both ends of the heat shield 300 to form one or two heat exchange channels 213. However, compared with the inclined arrangement of the heat shield 300, the heat exchange efficiency is relatively low, and gas and liquid flow stagnation is prone to occur.

[0022] In the present embodiment, as a preferred solution, the local heat dissipation element 210 further includes a local heat dissipation shell 214, the second heat dissipation cavity 212 and the first heat dissipation cavity 211 are sequentially opened in the local heat dissipation shell 214 along the first direction, the heat exchange channel 213 is opened in the local heat dissipation shell 214 and is located between the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212, and is used for the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 to communicate with each other, the local heat dissipation shell 214 is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 is located at the end of the local heat dissipation shell 214 close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, the local heat dissipation shell 214 slides on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110 through the driving mechanism 220, when the temperature of a certain area of ​​the battery pack rises abnormally, the second heat dissipation cavity 212 (close to the inner bottom wall end of the liquid cooling cavity 110) moves precisely to the high temperature position, and the local heat dissipation The shell 214 is in direct contact with the battery pack for heat conduction, and transfers the heat to the second heat dissipation cavity 212. At this time, the phase change material in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 absorbs heat and quickly vaporizes, and enters the first heat dissipation cavity 211 above through the heat exchange channel 213. The first heat dissipation cavity 211 is far away from the heat source, and the local heat dissipation shell 214 at its corresponding position is in full contact with the coolant in the liquid cooling cavity 110. The vapor phase change material releases heat and liquefies here. The liquefied phase change material flows back to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through the heat exchange channel 213 under the action of gravity, forming a closed-loop cycle of "absorption-transfer-heat release-reflux". This process is completely driven by gravity and does not require external power. The circulation path is arranged through a vertical dual-cavity layout, which significantly improves the utilization rate of the phase change material, and realizes rapid heat release through the gas-liquid two-phase separation design, avoiding the "thermal short circuit" problem caused by heat backtransfer in the single-cavity design.

[0023] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the end of the local heat dissipation shell 214 away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110 is provided with a guide metal sheet 215 extending along the flow direction of the coolant, and the guide metal sheets 215 are arranged in sequence along the second direction and are at least partially located in the first heat dissipation chamber 211. The end surface of the local heat dissipation shell 214 close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110 is fixedly connected with a ceramic structural plate 216, and the ceramic structural plate 216 is at least partially used to shield the second heat dissipation chamber 212 and is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. When the coolant flows through the local heat dissipation shell 214, the guide metal sheets 215 are arranged in sequence along the second direction (that is, extending in the flow direction and arranged in multiple rows), and the coolant is divided into multiple thin streams that flow between adjacent guide metal sheets 215, and the cooling is increased. The contact area between the liquid and the guide metal sheet 215 is increased, and turbulence is induced at the same time, which significantly enhances the disturbance effect of the coolant in the liquid cooling chamber 110. The guide metal sheet 215 is partially embedded in the first heat dissipation chamber 211, so that the coolant directly flushes the outer wall of the first heat dissipation chamber 211, accelerating the liquefaction process of the gaseous phase change material. The liquid phase change material flows back to the second heat dissipation chamber 212 through the heat exchange channel 213 under the action of gravity, forming a closed-loop circulation. The ceramic structure plate 216 is tightly fitted with the inner bottom wall (battery contact surface) of the liquid cooling chamber 110 through a rigid connection. Its high thermal conductivity can quickly transfer the heat of the local hot spot of the battery to the second heat dissipation chamber 212. The ceramic structure plate 216 partially shields the second heat dissipation chamber 212, which can prevent the phase change material from directly contacting the coolant to cause mixed pollution; In this embodiment, when the local heat dissipation shell 214 moves in the opposite direction of the coolant flow direction after absorbing heat, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the guide metal sheets 215 can be accelerated, and the heat exchange efficiency in the first heat dissipation cavity 211 can be further improved. At the same time, the coolant can be reused for a second time, so that the coolant can fully exchange heat and improve the cooling utilization efficiency.

[0024] In the present embodiment, as a preferred solution, the driving mechanism 220 includes a driving motor 221, a threaded screw 222 and an adjusting mechanism 223. The driving motor 221 is arranged on the shell body 100, and the output end is located in the liquid cooling chamber 110. One end of the threaded screw 222 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110, and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving motor 221 located in the liquid cooling chamber 110. The side of the adjusting mechanism 223 is threadedly connected to the threaded screw 222 through a threaded hole. The driving motor 221 drives the threaded screw 222 to rotate through the output end. One end of the threaded screw 222 is rotatably connected to the bearing structure of the inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110, and the other end is rigidly fixed to the driving motor 221 to form a stable rotation axis. The adjusting mechanism 223 is provided with a threaded hole and a threaded hole. The threaded screw 222 is connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The threaded screw 222 is connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The other end is rigidly fixed to the driving motor 221 to form a stable rotation axis. The mechanism 223 is meshed with the threaded screw 222 through the threaded hole on the side. When the threaded screw 222 rotates, the adjustment mechanism 223 translates along its axial direction, driving the local heat sink 210 to slide on the guide rail of the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The threaded screw 222 can prevent the local heat sink 210 from being displaced and offset due to vibration or coolant flow, ensuring positioning stability. When an abnormal temperature rise is detected in a certain area of ​​the battery pack, the drive motor 221 drives the threaded screw 222 to rotate, and the adjustment mechanism 223 drives the local heat sink 210 to move to the high-temperature area. Combined with the coolant circulation of the liquid cooling chamber 110, the dual heat dissipation of "active positioning + forced convection" is realized. The drive motor 221 is an existing well-known technology, which is only cited here without making too many improvements. The local heat dissipation shell 214 also plays the role of flow diversion and turbulence. By moving the local heat dissipation shell 214, a thick boundary layer in the liquid cooling chamber 110 can be avoided, which helps to reduce the boundary layer and improve the cooling efficiency.

[0025] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the adjustment mechanism 223 includes an adjustment seat 2231, an adjustment rod 2232 and an adjustment spring 2233. The side of the adjustment seat 2231 is threadedly connected to the threaded screw 222 through a threaded hole. The end face of the adjustment seat 2231 is sleeved on the surface of the adjustment rod 2232 through a groove. The adjustment spring 2233 is arranged in the groove of the adjustment seat 2231 and is located between the adjustment seat 2231 and the adjustment rod 2232. One end of the adjustment rod 2232 is fixedly connected to the local heat dissipation shell 214. By rotating the threaded screw 222, the adjustment seat 2231 threadedly connected thereto is driven to move along the axial direction of the screw. The groove of the adjustment seat 2231 is provided with an adjustment spring 2233 and an adjustment rod 2232. When the adjustment seat 2231 moves, the spring is relatively compressed in the groove. When the adjustment seat 2231 cooperates with the adjustment rod 2232 to move the local heat dissipation shell 214 to the target position, the spring is relatively released, pushing the adjustment rod 2232 to press the local heat dissipation shell 214 against the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110, that is, the ceramic structural plate 216 presses against the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. During the use of the automobile battery pack heat dissipation, the position displacement or size change may occur due to vibration, temperature change, etc. during the driving of the automobile. The adjustment mechanism 223 can be adaptively adjusted to ensure that the local heat dissipation shell 214 is always in good contact with the bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110 to maintain efficient heat conduction. The spring has the function of soft connection to avoid the local heat dissipation shell 214 from hard connection and collision with the bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110, thereby extending the service life of the local heat dissipation shell 214 and the entire adjustment mechanism 223, and reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0026] See also Figure 4 There are two adjustment mechanisms 223, in which an adjustment seat 2231 in one adjustment mechanism 223 is threadedly connected to the threaded screw 222, and the other adjustment mechanism 223 is slidably connected to a guide rod parallel to the threaded screw 222 set in the liquid cooling chamber 110. Specifically, the adjustment seat 2231 in the other adjustment mechanism 223 is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod through a through hole parallel to the threaded screw 222, so as to avoid tilting of the local heat sink 210 during movement.

[0027] In the present embodiment, as a preferred solution, the shell body 100 includes a mounting shell 120, and the liquid cooling cavity 110 is opened in the mounting shell 120. The two ends of the mounting shell 120 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet 130 and a liquid outlet 140, and the liquid inlet 130 and the liquid outlet 140 are both connected to the liquid cooling cavity 110. The cooling liquid is injected into the liquid cooling cavity 110 from the liquid inlet 130 at one end of the mounting shell 120. The cooling liquid is evenly spread along the cavity flow channel, covering the inner surface of the entire liquid cooling cavity 110, and indirectly contacts the battery pack carried by the shell body 100. The liquid cooling cavity 110 absorbs the heat of the battery through its inner bottom wall (that is, the plate surface in thermal contact with the battery pack). The cooling liquid takes away the heat when flowing through the cavity, and then is discharged from the liquid outlet 140 at the other end to the external radiator to complete cooling, forming a closed-loop cycle. If the local temperature of the battery pack is abnormal, the driving mechanism 220 can adjust the position of the local heat sink 210 in the liquid cooling cavity 110 to further enhance the heat dissipation efficiency of the hot spot area.

[0028] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, a liquid circulation pump is also included. The input end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid outlet 140 through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid inlet 130 through a pipeline. The liquid circulation pump is connected to the liquid outlet 140 of the heat dissipation shell through an input pipeline, and the output pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet 130. After starting, the circulation pump draws out the high-temperature coolant that has absorbed heat in the liquid cooling chamber 110 from the liquid outlet 140, and re-injects it into the liquid inlet 130 through the output pipeline after pressurization, forming a closed cycle. The liquid circulation pump is an existing well-known technology and is only referenced here.

[0029] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the mounting shell 120 is provided with a storage cavity 150 for carrying the battery pack corresponding to the liquid cooling cavity 110, and the inner wall of the storage cavity 150 is provided with a heat conductive sheet 160 for contacting the battery pack. The battery pack is embedded in the storage cavity 150, and the heat conductive sheet 160 (i.e., the heat conductive sheet 160 of the copper / aluminum-based composite material) pre-set on the inner wall of the storage cavity 150 forms a close contact with the surface of the battery pack. The heat conductive sheet 160 directly conducts the heat generated by the battery operation to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity 110, forming a three-level heat transfer path of "battery-heat conductive sheet 160-cooling liquid".

[0030] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, a control component is also included, the control component includes a detection mechanism, a control module and a driver, the output end of the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the input end of the control module, and is used to monitor the temperature area of ​​the battery pack, the output end of the control module is electrically connected to the input end of the driver, and the output end of the driver is electrically connected to the drive motor 221. The detection mechanism (i.e., a distributed temperature sensor or a thermistor network, both of which are existing known technologies) collects temperature data of each area of ​​the battery pack in real time, and accurately locates the area with a faster temperature rise or too high temperature through the change of parallel resistance value or digital signal output. For example, when the temperature of a certain battery cell rises faster, the sensor network will generate an abnormal signal. After receiving the signal, the control module determines the heat dissipation area to be adjusted based on a preset algorithm (such as temperature gradient analysis or heat source positioning model) and generates a control instruction. For example, if a local temperature difference is detected, the module will calculate the moving path and speed of the target local heat dissipation element 210, and the driver (L298N motor drive module) converts the PWM signal output by the control module into a motor drive current, and the drive motor 221 drives the local heat dissipation element 210 to slide to the target position. For example, the driving motor 221 moves the local heat dissipation element 210 to a high temperature area to achieve precise heat dissipation.

[0031] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, a one-way valve is provided in the heat exchange channel 213. The one-way valve opens when the phase change liquid in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 turns into gas, so that the first heat dissipation cavity 211 and the second heat dissipation cavity 212 are connected. When the local temperature of the battery pack rises, the phase change material in the second heat dissipation cavity 212 absorbs heat and vaporizes, and the volume expansion causes the pressure inside the cavity to rise. At this time, the one-way valve in the heat exchange channel 213 automatically opens due to the pressure difference, and the gaseous phase change material quickly enters the first heat dissipation cavity 211 from the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through the one-way valve. Since the one-way valve only allows one-way flow, the gaseous material cannot flow back, ensuring the singleness of the heat transfer path. The gaseous phase change material enters After passing through the first heat dissipation cavity 211, it contacts with the coolant and rapidly releases heat to liquefy. The liquefied phase change material naturally falls to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 through an independent reflux channel (or through another valveless channel after the one-way valve is closed) under the action of gravity. During this process, the one-way valve is closed due to the pressure reduction in the second heat dissipation cavity 212, thereby preventing the liquid material from flowing back through the original path, and preventing the phase change material from being "drawn back" to the second heat dissipation cavity 212 in advance when it is not completely liquefied, thereby ensuring the integrity of the heat dissipation cycle. At this time, the one-way valve is used in only one heat exchange channel 213, that is, it is arranged in the heat exchange channel 213 formed by the upper end of the heat shield 300 and the inner wall of the local heat dissipation element 210.

[0032] During use of this embodiment, the coolant is introduced into the liquid cooling chamber 110 through the connection between the liquid circulation pump and the liquid inlet 130. After the coolant flows to the liquid outlet 140 in the liquid cooling chamber 110, it is discharged into the liquid circulation pump through the liquid outlet 140 to realize the circulation of the coolant. The battery pack is embedded in the storage chamber 150, and the heat conductive sheet 160 (i.e., the heat conductive sheet 160 of the copper / aluminum-based composite material) pre-set on the inner wall of the storage chamber 150 forms a close contact (i.e., abutment) with the surface of the battery pack. The heat conductive sheet 160 directly conducts the heat generated by the battery operation to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The coolant in the liquid cooling chamber 110 absorbs the heat of the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. At the same time, the temperature of each area of ​​the battery pack is monitored by the detection mechanism (which can also be a monitoring mechanism). When it is detected that the local temperature of the battery pack rises rapidly or the local temperature difference is large, the control module controls the drive motor 221 to operate through the driver, and the threaded screw 2 22 drives the adjustment seat 2231 to drive the local heat dissipation shell 214 to move to the corresponding abnormal area. Through the action of the adjustment rod 2232 and the adjustment spring 2233, the ceramic structure plate 216 at the bottom of the local heat dissipation shell 214 is abutted against the bottom wall of the liquid cooling chamber 110. The ceramic structure plate 216 not only has high thermal conductivity, but also has high hardness and better wear resistance. In the scene where it needs to be moved, the relatively longer service life, the ceramic structure plate 216 conducts heat to the second heat dissipation chamber 212, and absorbs heat and sublimates through the phase change liquid built into the second heat dissipation chamber 212. The generated gas enters the first heat dissipation chamber 211 through the heat exchange channel 213 formed between the upper end of the heat shield 300 and the inner wall of the local heat dissipation shell 214. Through the cooperation of the first heat dissipation chamber 211 and the guide metal sheet 215 and the heat exchange with the coolant, the phase change gas is given enough heat exchange space and time to condense into a phase change liquid and then flow into the second heat dissipation chamber 212.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a shell body (100) having a liquid cooling cavity (110) and a local heat dissipation component (200); The shell body (100) is used to carry the battery pack; The local heat dissipation component (200) comprises a local heat dissipation element (210) and a driving mechanism (220); the local heat dissipation element (210) is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110); and the driving mechanism (220) is arranged on the shell body (100) and is used to drive the local heat dissipation element (210) to slide on the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110); The local heat dissipation element (210) comprises a second heat dissipation cavity (212) and a first heat dissipation cavity (211) arranged in sequence along a first direction, a heat exchange channel (213) for communicating with each other is formed between the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212), and the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212) are both used for storing phase change liquid.

2. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local heat dissipation element (210) further comprises a local heat dissipation shell (214); the second heat dissipation cavity (212) and the first heat dissipation cavity (211) are sequentially arranged in the local heat dissipation shell (214) along a first direction; the heat exchange channel (213) is arranged in the local heat dissipation shell (214) and is located between the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212), and is used for mutual communication between the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212); the local heat dissipation shell (214) is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110), and the second heat dissipation cavity (212) is located at an end of the local heat dissipation shell (214) close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110).

3. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide metal sheet (215) extending along the flow direction of the coolant is arranged at the end of the local heat dissipation shell (214) away from the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110); the guide metal sheets (215) are arranged in sequence along the second direction and are at least partially located in the first heat dissipation cavity (211); a ceramic structural plate (216) is fixedly connected to the end surface of the local heat dissipation shell (214) close to the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110); the ceramic structural plate (216) is at least partially used to shield the second heat dissipation cavity (212) and is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110).

4. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (220) comprises a driving motor (221), a threaded screw (222) and an adjusting mechanism (223); the driving motor (221) is arranged on the shell body (100), and the output end is located in the liquid cooling cavity (110); one end of the threaded screw (222) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling cavity (110), and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving motor (221) located in the liquid cooling cavity (110); and the side surface of the adjusting mechanism (223) is threadedly connected to the threaded screw (222) via a threaded hole.

5. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (223) comprises an adjustment seat (2231), an adjustment rod (2232) and an adjustment spring (2233); the side surface of the adjustment seat (2231) is threadedly connected to the threaded lead screw (222) via a threaded hole; the end surface of the adjustment seat (2231) is sleeved on the surface of the adjustment rod (2232) via a groove; the adjustment spring (2233) is arranged in the groove of the adjustment seat (2231) and is located between the adjustment seat (2231) and the adjustment rod (2232); one end of the adjustment rod (2232) is fixedly connected to the local heat dissipation shell (214).

6. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell body (100) comprises a mounting shell (120), the liquid cooling cavity (110) is provided in the mounting shell (120), and a liquid inlet (130) and a liquid outlet (140) are respectively provided at two ends of the mounting shell (120), and the liquid inlet (130) and the liquid outlet (140) are both in communication with the liquid cooling cavity (110).

7. A heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a liquid circulation pump, the input end of the liquid circulation pump being connected to the liquid outlet (140) through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid circulation pump being connected to the liquid inlet (130) through a pipeline.

8. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation shell (120) is provided with a storage cavity (150) corresponding to the liquid cooling cavity (110) for carrying the battery pack, and the inner wall of the storage cavity (150) is provided with a heat conducting sheet (160) for abutting against the battery pack.

9. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control component, which includes a detection mechanism, a control module and a driver. The output end of the detection mechanism is electrically connected to the input end of the control module and is used to monitor the temperature area of ​​the battery pack. The output end of the control module is electrically connected to the input end of the driver, and the output end of the driver is electrically connected to the drive motor (221).

10. The heat dissipation housing for a new energy vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided in the heat exchange channel (213), and the one-way valve opens when the phase-change liquid in the second heat dissipation cavity (212) changes into gas, thereby allowing the first heat dissipation cavity (211) and the second heat dissipation cavity (212) to communicate with each other.

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