Photovoltaic four-fusion terminal sensing system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic four-fusion terminal sensing system and method, and relates to the technical field of sensing control, and the system comprises a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic court line topological graph forming module, a sensing analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module and a remote control module. The low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topological graph forming module is used for forming a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topological graph of a target area; the perception analysis module is used for predicting the photovoltaic power supply danger coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic transformer area; and the power supply distribution analysis module is used for analyzing the power supply distribution condition of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic transformer area. According to the method, the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic transformer area is used as the real-time power utilization characteristic value of the transformer area user, so that the data comparison processing process is simplified, the power supply distribution condition of the transformer area is ensured to be flexibly controlled and rigidly controlled before the transformer area power supply equipment fails, and the power utilization rate of the transformer area is improved. And the sensing effect of the photovoltaic four-fusion terminal is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of perception control technology, and specifically to a photovoltaic four-in-one terminal perception system and method. Background Art

[0002] The quad-integrated terminal refers to a quad-integrated integrated circuit breaker, which is used to realize the measurement of electric energy, HPLC communication (HPLC communication (high-speed power line carrier communication) is a communication technology that uses power lines as data transmission media, with the characteristics of high speed, reliability, and safety) and photovoltaic observable, measurable, controllable, and adjustable functions. The quad-integrated terminal can communicate with the photovoltaic inverter through RS-485 (RS-485 (also known as EIA-485) is an industrial standard serial communication protocol used to connect multiple devices. It is a half-duplex communication protocol that can transmit data between multiple devices) to achieve coordinated optimization of photovoltaic absorption capacity.

[0003] Nowadays, when the photovoltaic power supply situation in the target area is controlled by a circuit breaker, the photovoltaic power supply situation in the target area is usually controlled when a reverse photovoltaic consumption imbalance occurs in the target area. However, the control process of the circuit breaker is completed manually, which increases the control time of the photovoltaic power supply situation, and thus cannot ensure that the power supply equipment established in the target area is always in a non-fault state. In addition, in the prior art, it is impossible to accurately and effectively regulate the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, resulting in the existence of a photovoltaic consumption imbalance in the target area after regulation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system and method to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic four-integrated terminal perception system, the system comprising a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module, a perception analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module and a remote control module; The low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module forms a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area according to the photovoltaic power generation terminal, sensing control terminal, power consumption information collection terminal, distributed power supply access unit, smart electric energy meter, photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and photovoltaic inverter established in the target area; The perception analysis module analyzes the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power data collected by the perception control terminal, and predicts the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results; The power supply distribution analysis module is used to find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal; The remote control module remotely controls the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter according to the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area analyzed by the power supply distribution analysis module.

[0006] Furthermore, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter through a cable, the output end of the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input end of the smart electric energy meter through a cable, and the output end of the smart electric energy meter is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal through a cable; The output ends of the photovoltaic inverter and the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal are connected to the input end of the distributed power access unit through the RS-485 communication bus. The distributed power access unit is used to collect the power data and status data of the photovoltaic inverter and the status data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal. The power data includes the active power, reactive power and power factor of the photovoltaic inverter. The status data is a value of 1 or a value of 0. When the status data is a value of 1, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a working state. When the status data is a value of 0, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a non-working state. The output end of the smart energy meter is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection terminal through an RS-485 communication bus, and the power consumption information collection terminal is used to collect power data of the smart energy meter, and the power data includes voltage, current and power factor; The output ends of the power consumption information collection terminal and the distributed power supply access unit are connected to the input end of the perception control terminal through the RS-485 communication bus, and the output end of the perception control terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter and the input end of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal through the RS-485 communication bus.

[0007] Furthermore, the perception analysis module includes a reverse heavy overload analysis unit, a dissipation analysis unit and a power supply danger analysis unit; The reverse heavy overload analysis unit calculates the photovoltaic power that can be used by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area and the power consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the power data and power data collected by the perception control terminal, and determines whether there is a reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the calculation results; The absorption analysis unit calculates the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the judgment result of the reverse heavy overload analysis unit on whether there is a reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area; The power supply risk analysis unit predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the real-time power consumption characteristic values ​​of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area.

[0008] Furthermore, the reverse heavy overload analysis unit calculates the photovoltaic power X that can be used by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area and the power Y consumed by the users of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in a specific method as follows: A monitoring time point W is randomly selected, and the electric energy data and electric quantity data collected by the sensing control terminal are collected at intervals d; The sum S of the square of the active power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the square of the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W W Calculate and sum S W The square root of the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the time d are used to calculate the photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] ; The voltage U collected by the smart energy meter at time W W 、Current I W , power factor G W The product of these three parameters H W Calculate the product H W The product of time d is calculated to obtain the electric energy Y consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] ; If X [W,W+d] >Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period; If X [W,W+d] ≤Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific method for the absorption analysis unit to calculate the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: When the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] With electric energy Y [W,W+d] The difference between V [W,W+d] Calculate the difference V [W,W+d] Photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] The ratio between them is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient g of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period. [W,W+d] , 0<g[W,W+d] <1; When there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period is 0.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific method for the power supply risk analysis unit to predict the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: The photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period is used as the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, W+d] time period, and the historical power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, t] time period is described in a rectangular coordinate system, where t represents the real-time time value; In the rectangular coordinate system, the nearest division time point of the time period [W, t] is searched. The specific search method is as follows: let the nearest division time point be r, then the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user at time rd is 0 and the power consumption characteristic values ​​of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user in the [r, t] time period are all greater than 0; For the interval h between time r and time t r→t Calculate the interval time h r→t The ratio of the photovoltaic power supply unbalanced state to the continuous limit time Q is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply risk factor U of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t. t .

[0011] Further, the power supply distribution analysis module includes a regulation type determination unit and a power supply distribution analysis unit; The control type judgment unit judges the control type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. t <0.8, it is judged that the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is flexible regulation. t When ≤1, the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is determined to be rigid regulation; The power distribution analysis unit analyzes the power distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] according to the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t and the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation terminal in the time period [td, t]. By performing soft control and rigid control on the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, it is beneficial to ensure that the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is always in a stable working state.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific method for the power supply distribution analysis unit to analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: When the control type is determined to be flexible control: The photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period [t-d,t] Calculate according to Determine the power consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period. The ratio between the time d and the time t is calculated to obtain the active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t. t , where Z 损 It refers to the power loss generated when the photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal is transmitted from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area; Photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] [t,t+d] =A: The active power adjustment value of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t The product of time d, at time t, the power supply of the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, and the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is X [t,t+d] ; When the control type is determined to be flexible control: At time t, the power supply from the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is , the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, among which, B 损 It refers to the power loss generated in the process of transmitting electric energy from the grid terminal to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area.

[0013] Furthermore, when the remote control module determines that the regulation type is flexible control, at time t, the active power of the photovoltaic inverter is remotely regulated by the sensing control terminal, and the active power value after regulation is A t ; When it is judged that the regulation type is rigid control, at time t, the working state of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is remotely regulated through the sensing control terminal, and the state data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal after regulation is 0.

[0014] A photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing method, the method comprising: S10: Based on the photovoltaic power generation terminals, sensing control terminals, power consumption information collection terminals, distributed power access units, smart electric energy meters, photovoltaic four-in-one terminals and photovoltaic inverters established in the target area, a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area is formed; S20: Analyze the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power data collected by the sensing control terminal, and predict the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results; S30: Find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal; S40: According to the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, remotely control the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area by analyzing the photovoltaic power supply absorption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. In this process, the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is used as the real-time power consumption characteristic value of the area users, which simplifies the data comparison and processing process, and is conducive to ensuring that the power supply distribution situation of the area is controlled flexibly and rigidly before the power supply equipment in the area fails, further improving the perception effect of the photovoltaic four-in-one perception terminal.

[0016] 2. The present invention determines the real-time control type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and determines the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the next time period according to the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminals in the area, which is conducive to avoiding the waste of photovoltaic energy and can quickly adaptively adjust the power supply distribution plan of the area.

[0017] 3. The present invention remotely controls the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter according to the adjusted power supply distribution plan of the substation, so that the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter have the function of remote opening and closing. This process does not require manual operation, which is beneficial to reducing the implementation time of the power supply distribution plan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle structure of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic four-integrated terminal perception system and method technical solution, a photovoltaic four-integrated terminal perception system, and the system includes a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module, a perception analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module and a remote control module; The low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module forms a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area based on the photovoltaic power generation terminals, sensing control terminals, power consumption information collection terminals, distributed power access units, smart electric energy meters, photovoltaic four-in-one terminals and photovoltaic inverters established in the target area; The output end of the photovoltaic power generation terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter through a cable, the output end of the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input end of the smart energy meter through a cable, and the output end of the smart energy meter is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal through a cable; The output end of the photovoltaic inverter and the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is connected to the input end of the distributed power access unit through the RS-485 communication bus. The distributed power access unit is used to collect the power data and status data of the photovoltaic inverter and the status data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal. The power data includes the active power, reactive power and power factor of the photovoltaic inverter. The status data is a value of 1 or a value of 0. When the status data is a value of 1, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a working state. When the status data is a value of 0, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a non-working state. The output end of the smart energy meter is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection terminal through the RS-485 communication bus. The power consumption information collection terminal is used to collect the power data of the smart energy meter. The power data includes voltage, current and power factor. The output end of the power consumption information collection terminal and the distributed power access unit is connected to the input end of the perception control terminal through the RS-485 communication bus, and the output end of the perception control terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter and the input end of the photovoltaic four-integration terminal through the RS-485 communication bus; The perception analysis module analyzes the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area based on the power data and power data collected by the perception control terminal, and predicts the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time based on the analysis results; The perception analysis module includes a reverse heavy overload analysis unit, a consumption analysis unit, and a power supply danger analysis unit; The reverse heavy overload analysis unit calculates the photovoltaic power that can be used by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area and the power consumed by the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the power data and power data collected by the sensing control terminal. The specific method is as follows: A monitoring time point W is randomly selected, and the electric energy data and electric quantity data collected by the sensing control terminal are collected at intervals d; The sum S of the square of the active power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the square of the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W W Calculate and sum S W The square root of the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the time d are used to calculate the photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] ; , where γ 1W Indicates the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time W; The voltage U collected by the smart energy meter at time W W 、Current I W , power factor G W The product of these three parameters H W Calculate the product H W The product of time d is calculated to obtain the electric energy Y consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] , ; If X [W,W+d] >Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period; If X [W,W+d] ≤Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period; The absorption analysis unit calculates the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the judgment result of the reverse heavy overload analysis unit on whether there is a reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. The specific method is as follows: When the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] With electric energy Y [W,W+d] The difference between V [W,W+d] Calculate the difference V [W,W+d] Photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] The ratio between them is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient g of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period. [W,W+d] , 0<g [W,W+d] <1; When there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period is 0; The power supply risk analysis unit predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the real-time power consumption characteristic values ​​of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. The specific method is as follows: The photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period is used as the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, W+d] time period, and the historical power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, t] time period is described in a rectangular coordinate system. The rectangular coordinate system uses time as the horizontal coordinate and the power consumption characteristic value as the vertical coordinate, where t represents the real-time time value, 0≤tW≤24, unit: hour; In the rectangular coordinate system, the nearest division time point of the time period [W, t] is searched. The specific search method is as follows: let the nearest division time point be r, then the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user at time rd is 0 and the power consumption characteristic values ​​of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user in the [r, t] time period are all greater than 0; For the interval h between time r and time t r→t Calculate the interval time h r→t The ratio of the photovoltaic power supply unbalanced state to the continuous limit time Q is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply risk factor U of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t. t The unbalanced photovoltaic power supply state refers to the state when the photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station is greater than 0. r→t When the duration of the photovoltaic power supply imbalance state is greater than or equal to the limit time, the equipment built in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area will be damaged. The limit time of the photovoltaic power supply imbalance state is obtained through empirical data. The power supply distribution analysis module is used to find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal; The power supply distribution analysis module includes a control type judgment unit and a power supply distribution analysis unit; The control type judgment unit judges the control type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. t <0.8, it is judged that the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is flexible regulation. t When ≤1, the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is determined to be rigid regulation; The power supply distribution analysis unit analyzes the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] according to the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t and the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation terminal in the time period [td, t]. The specific method is as follows: When the control type is determined to be flexible control: The photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period [t-d,t] Perform calculations, , where L 1(t-d) represents the active power of the photovoltaic inverter at time td, L 2(t-d) represents the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter at time td, γ 1(t-d) Indicates the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time td, according to Determine the electric energy consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period, g [t-d,t] It represents the photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period. The ratio between the time d and the time t is calculated to obtain the active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t. t , where Z 损 It refers to the power loss generated when the photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal is transmitted from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area; Photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] [t,t+d] =A: The active power adjustment value of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t The product of time d, at time t, the power supply of the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, and the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is X [t,t+d] ; When the control type is determined to be flexible control: At time t, the power supply from the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is , the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, among which, B 损 It indicates the power loss generated during the transmission of electric energy from the power grid terminal to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area; The remote control module remotely controls the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter according to the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area analyzed by the power supply distribution analysis module; When the remote control module determines that the control type is flexible control, at time t, the active power of the photovoltaic inverter is remotely controlled through the sensing control terminal. The active power value after control is A t; When it is judged that the regulation type is rigid control, at time t, the working state of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is remotely regulated through the sensing control terminal, and the state data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal after regulation is 0.

[0021] Photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing method, the method includes: S10: Based on the photovoltaic power generation terminals, sensing control terminals, power consumption information collection terminals, distributed power access units, smart electric energy meters, photovoltaic four-in-one terminals and photovoltaic inverters established in the target area, a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area is formed; S20: Analyze the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power data collected by the sensing control terminal, and predict the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results; S30: Find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal; S40: According to the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, remotely control the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter.

[0022] Example 1: When the control type is determined to be flexible control, the photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period is assumed to be [t-d,t] = 1000 kWh, the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient g of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period [t-d,t] =0.2, the power loss Z generated in the process of transmitting the photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area 损 =6 kWh, d = 10 minutes, then: The electric energy consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [td, t] period is: kilowatt-hour; Active power adjustment value of photovoltaic inverter at time t kilowatt; Therefore, at time t, the power supply from the grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, and the power supply from the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 806 kWh.

[0023] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system, characterized by: The system includes a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module, a perception analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module and a remote control module; The low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module forms a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area according to the photovoltaic power generation terminal, sensing control terminal, power consumption information collection terminal, distributed power supply access unit, smart electric energy meter, photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and photovoltaic inverter established in the target area; The perception analysis module analyzes the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power data collected by the perception control terminal, and predicts the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results; The power supply distribution analysis module is used to find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal; The remote control module remotely controls the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter according to the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area analyzed by the power supply distribution analysis module.

2. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The output end of the photovoltaic power generation terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter through a cable, the output end of the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input end of the smart electric energy meter through a cable, and the output end of the smart electric energy meter is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal through a cable; The output ends of the photovoltaic inverter and the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal are connected to the input end of the distributed power access unit through the RS-485 communication bus. The distributed power access unit is used to collect the power data and status data of the photovoltaic inverter and the status data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal. The power data includes the active power, reactive power and power factor of the photovoltaic inverter. The status data is a value of 1 or a value of 0. When the status data is a value of 1, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a working state. When the status data is a value of 0, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a non-working state. The output end of the smart energy meter is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection terminal through an RS-485 communication bus, and the power consumption information collection terminal is used to collect power data of the smart energy meter, and the power data includes voltage, current and power factor; The output ends of the power consumption information collection terminal and the distributed power supply access unit are connected to the input end of the perception control terminal through the RS-485 communication bus, and the output end of the perception control terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter and the input end of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal through the RS-485 communication bus.

3. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The perception analysis module includes a reverse heavy overload analysis unit, a dissipation analysis unit and a power supply danger analysis unit; The reverse heavy overload analysis unit calculates the photovoltaic power that can be used by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area and the power consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the power data and power data collected by the perception control terminal, and determines whether there is a reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the calculation results; The absorption analysis unit calculates the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the judgment result of the reverse heavy overload analysis unit on whether there is a reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area; The power supply risk analysis unit predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the real-time power consumption characteristic values ​​of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area.

4. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The specific method for the reverse heavy overload analysis unit to calculate the photovoltaic power X that can be used by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area and the power Y consumed by the users of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: A monitoring time point W is randomly selected, and the electric energy data and electric quantity data collected by the sensing control terminal are collected at intervals d; The sum S of the square of the active power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the square of the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W W Calculate and sum S W The square root of the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the time d are used to calculate the photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] ; The voltage U collected by the smart energy meter at time W W 、Current I W , power factor G W The product of these three parameters H W Calculate the product H W The product of time d is calculated to obtain the electric energy Y consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] ; If X [W,W+d] >Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period; If X [W,W+d] ≤Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period.

5. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The specific method for the absorption analysis unit to calculate the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: When the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] With electric energy Y [W,W+d] The difference between V [W,W+d] Calculate the difference V [W,W+d] Photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] The ratio between them is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient g of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period. [W,W+d] , 0<g [W,W+d] <1; When there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period is 0.

6. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 5 is characterized by: The specific method for the power supply risk analysis unit to predict the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: The photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period is used as the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, W+d] time period, and the historical power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, t] time period is described in a rectangular coordinate system, where t represents the real-time time value; In the rectangular coordinate system, the nearest division time point of the time period [W, t] is searched. The specific search method is as follows: let the nearest division time point be r, then the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user at time rd is 0 and the power consumption characteristic values ​​of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user in the [r, t] time period are all greater than 0; For the interval h between time r and time t r→t Calculate the interval time h r→t The ratio of the photovoltaic power supply unbalanced state to the continuous limit time Q is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply risk factor U of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t. t .

7. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 6 is characterized by: The power supply distribution analysis module includes a regulation type judgment unit and a power supply distribution analysis unit; The control type judgment unit judges the control type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. t <0.8, it is judged that the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is flexible regulation. t When ≤1, the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is determined to be rigid regulation; The power supply distribution analysis unit analyzes the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] according to the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t and the power generation situation of the photovoltaic power generation terminal in the time period [td, t].

8. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 7 is characterized by: The specific method for the power supply distribution analysis unit to analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: When the control type is determined to be flexible control: The photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period [t-d,t] Calculate according to Determine the power consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period. The ratio between the time d and the time t is calculated to obtain the active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t. t , where Z 损 It refers to the power loss generated when the photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal is transmitted from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area; Photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] [t,t+d] =A: The active power adjustment value of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t The product of time d, at time t, the power supply of the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, and the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is X [t,t+d] ; When the control type is determined to be flexible control: At time t, the power supply from the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is , the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, among which, B 损 It refers to the power loss generated in the process of transmitting electric energy from the grid terminal to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area.

9. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 8 is characterized by: When the remote control module determines that the control type is flexible control, at time t, the active power of the photovoltaic inverter is remotely controlled through the sensing control terminal, and the active power value after control is A t ; When it is judged that the regulation type is rigid control, at time t, the working state of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is remotely regulated through the sensing control terminal, and the state data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal after regulation is 0.

10. A photovoltaic four-integrated terminal sensing method applied to the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises: S10: Based on the photovoltaic power generation terminals, sensing control terminals, power consumption information collection terminals, distributed power access units, smart electric energy meters, photovoltaic four-in-one terminals and photovoltaic inverters established in the target area, a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area is formed; S20: Analyze the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power data collected by the sensing control terminal, and predict the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results; S30: Find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal; S40: According to the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, remotely control the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter.

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