Mine underground ventilation parameter transmission method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a mine underground ventilation parameter transmission method and device, and relates to the technical field of data transmission in a mine scenario, and the method comprises the steps: initializing the network scale of a mine underground segmented lane according to a preset time period, so as to determine a data transmission node in the current network scale; calculating the residual energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the last round of network transmission and the survival time; determining a cluster head of the current network scale according to the residual energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the last round of network transmission and the survival time; according to the current network scale, cluster members corresponding to the cluster heads are selected from the conventional transmission nodes, the ventilation parameters are transmitted to the main roadway under the mine, and the problems that for ultra-large mines and large mines, the existing ventilation system parameter real-time sampling efficiency and updating rate are low, and the sampling space density is insufficient are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ventilation parameter transmission in a segmented tunnel in a mine, and in particular to a ventilation parameter transmission method and device in an underground mine. Background Art

[0002] In order to address the problems of unreasonable air volume distribution, high ventilation energy consumption, inaccurate environmental monitoring, etc. in the ventilation system under the high temperature and high humidity environment deep in metal mines, existing technologies generally use mine Internet of Things technology to carry out research on multi-parameter dynamic intelligent monitoring technology for deep area environment.

[0003] At present, most mines only have network coverage in the main tunnels, and the segmented tunnels and working faces have no network coverage. If wired monitoring devices are used, it will cost a lot of manpower and material resources, and the installation and operation and maintenance costs are high. Therefore, the wireless monitoring and collection system has the advantages of energy saving and portability. However, if the wireless network is set up according to conventional ideas, it will still cost too much manpower and material resources, and the existing equipment in the segmented tunnels will not be fully utilized.

[0004] On the other hand, the existing methods cannot sample the parameters of the ventilation system in real time due to the network. That is, the sampling efficiency is too low, the update rate is low, and the sampling space density is insufficient, making it impossible to optimize the ventilation circuit and improve the ventilation efficiency by real-time monitoring of parameters. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a method and device for transmitting ventilation parameters underground in a mine to solve the problem of how to improve the transmission efficiency of a wireless network in a ventilation parameter collection scenario underground in a mine, so as to improve the efficiency of collecting ventilation parameters in this scenario.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for transmitting ventilation parameters in an underground mine, comprising:

[0007] Initialize the network scale of the segmented lanes in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale:

[0008] Calculate the remaining energy in the current network size, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0009] Determine a cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0010] A cluster member corresponding to the cluster head is selected from the data transmission node according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

[0011] Further, in this embodiment, the determining of the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time includes:

[0012] Determine the remaining energy of each data transmission node in the current network scale according to the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission;

[0013] Determining an energy weight of the data transmission node according to the residual energy of the data transmission node;

[0014] A cluster head of the current network scale is determined according to the energy weight and the survival time.

[0015] Further, in this embodiment, determining the cluster head of the current network scale according to the energy weight and the survival time includes:

[0016] Determining the survival time of the data transmission node according to the survival time of the previous round of network transmission;

[0017] Determine a comprehensive score of the data transmission node according to the survival time and weight coefficient of the data transmission node;

[0018] A cluster head of the current network scale is determined according to the comprehensive score.

[0019] Further, in this embodiment, the data transmission node includes a conventional node and a drone transmission node, and the drone transmission node is used to replace the conventional node;

[0020] Initializing the network scale of the segmented lanes in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale includes:

[0021] When the survival time of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a first preset threshold, and the residual energy of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a second preset threshold, the data transmission node is a regular node;

[0022] When the survival time of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a first preset threshold, and / or the remaining energy of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a second preset threshold, the certain data transmission node is replaced by the drone transmission node.

[0023] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides a ventilation parameter transmission device for an underground mine, comprising:

[0024] The current network scale determination module is used to initialize the network scale of the segmented lanes in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale:

[0025] The network parameter calculation module is used to calculate the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0026] A cluster head determination module for the current transmission round, used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0027] A ventilation parameter transmission module is used to select a cluster member corresponding to the cluster head in the data transmission node according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

[0028] Further, in this embodiment, the current transmission round cluster head determination module includes:

[0029] A remaining energy determination unit, configured to determine the remaining energy of each data transmission node in the current network scale according to the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission;

[0030] An energy weight determination unit, configured to determine an energy weight of the data transmission node according to the residual energy of the data transmission node;

[0031] The current transmission round cluster head determination unit is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the energy weight and the survival time.

[0032] Further, in this embodiment, the current transmission round cluster head determination unit includes:

[0033] A survival time determination unit, configured to determine the survival time of the data transmission node according to the survival time of the previous round of network transmission;

[0034] A comprehensive score determination unit, configured to determine a comprehensive score of the data transmission node according to the survival time and weight coefficient of the data transmission node;

[0035] The current transmission round cluster head determination subunit is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the comprehensive score.

[0036] Further, in this embodiment, the data transmission node includes a conventional node and a drone transmission node, and the drone transmission node is used to replace the conventional node;

[0037] When the survival time of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a first preset threshold, and the residual energy of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a second preset threshold, the data transmission node is a regular node;

[0038] When the survival time of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a first preset threshold, and / or the remaining energy of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a second preset threshold, the certain data transmission node is replaced by the drone transmission node.

[0039] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of the ventilation parameter transmission method for an underground mine as described in any one of the above items are implemented.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the ventilation parameter transmission method for an underground mine as described in any one of the above items are implemented.

[0041] Beneficial effect: The embodiment of the present application provides a method and device for transmitting ventilation parameters in a mine shaft. The corresponding method includes: firstly, the network scale of the segmented tunnel in the mine shaft is initialized with a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: wherein the data transmission nodes include: conventional transmission nodes and drone transmission nodes; conventional transmission nodes include mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel; then, the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission and the survival time are calculated; the cluster head of the current network scale is determined according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission and the survival time; finally, the cluster member corresponding to the cluster head is selected from the conventional transmission node according to the current network scale to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine shaft. The problem of low real-time sampling efficiency and update rate of existing ventilation system parameters in super-large and large mines, as well as insufficient sampling space density, which makes it impossible to optimize the ventilation circuit and improve ventilation efficiency by real-time monitoring parameters is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a device layout diagram of a fixed wireless transmission method in the prior art;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a device layout diagram of the electric signal transmission method in the prior art;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cluster structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of step 300 of a ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of step 303 of a ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of step 200 of a ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig. 9 The equipment layout of a ventilation parameter transmission system in a mine provided in a specific application example of this application is Figure 1 ;

[0051] Fig.10 The equipment layout of a ventilation parameter transmission system in a mine provided in a specific application example of this application is Figure 2 ;

[0052] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines provided in a specific application example of the present application;

[0053] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ventilation parameter transmission device for an underground mine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Description of Reference Numerals

[0056] 1. Cluster members; 2. Cluster head; 3. Cluster; 4. Main lane; 5. Segmented lane; 6. Transmitter; 7. Receiver; 8. Conventional transmission node; 9. UAV transmission node. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0060] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In the prior art, there are several methods for transmitting ventilation parameters in underground mines. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The system shown in the figure consists of a transmitter, a repeater, and a receiver. The transmitter integrates sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, and is arranged near the working surface. A group of repeaters is arranged every 300m in the segmented lane, and the receiver is arranged in the main lane with a network. The layout diagram is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 shown.

[0066] All equipment in this solution adopts wireless reception and transmission. The transmitter is arranged near the working surface, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the main lane receiving end through the repeater, and then transmitted to the intelligent ventilation system platform. This solution is easy to install, has no requirements for the lane environment and distance, has a wide range of applications, and wireless external power, but requires a large number of repeaters, unstable data transmission, short battery life of the built-in battery, and requires regular battery replacement. It is suitable for remote areas with poor environment such as the return air lane and few people entering.

[0067] Next, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 The system consists of a transmitter, a repeater, and a receiver. The transmitter integrates sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, and is arranged near the working surface. A group of repeaters is arranged every 200m in the segmented lane, and the receiver is arranged in the main lane with a network. The layout diagram is shown in the figure. Figure 2 shown.

[0068] The transmitting and receiving ends of this solution use wireless transmission. The sensor at the transmitting end collects the thermal environment parameter data and sends it wirelessly to the repeater. The repeater converts the data into electrical signals and gradually transmits them to the receiving end of the main lane through 36V wires, and then transmits them to the intelligent ventilation system platform.

[0069] This solution requires the use of 36v cable transmission, the transmission is relatively stable, the repeater does not need a built-in battery, and daily maintenance is relatively simple, but it requires a large number of repeaters, the technology is not yet mature, and once the cable is disconnected, the data cannot be transmitted, and the break needs to be checked section by section. It is suitable for middle sections with better environment and higher standardization.

[0070] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation method of a ventilation parameter transmission method in a mine, see Figure 3 , the method specifically includes the following contents:

[0071] Step 100: Initialize the network scale of the segmented tunnel in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: wherein the data transmission nodes include: conventional transmission nodes and drone transmission nodes; the conventional transmission nodes include mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel;

[0072] Step 200: Calculate the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0073] Step 300: Determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0074] Step 400: Selecting a cluster member corresponding to the cluster head from the conventional transmission nodes according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

[0075] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present application provides a ventilation parameter transmission method in an underground mine, including: first, initializing the network scale of the segmented tunnels in the mine with a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: wherein the data transmission nodes include: conventional transmission nodes and drone transmission nodes; conventional transmission nodes include mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel; then, calculating the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed in the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; determining the cluster head of the current network scale based on the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed in the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; finally, selecting the cluster member corresponding to the cluster head in the conventional transmission node according to the current network scale to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

[0076] The present application provides a wireless network networking method with extremely high data transmission efficiency, which solves the problems of low real-time sampling efficiency and update rate of existing ventilation system parameters in super-large and large mines, as well as insufficient sampling space density, and inability to optimize ventilation circuits and improve ventilation efficiency through real-time monitoring of parameters.

[0077] Regarding step 100, it can be understood that mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel all have mobile properties, and the movement patterns of mobile vehicles and electric locomotives and the time when they appear at specific locations are relatively regular, so repeaters can be set on them to act as wireless network transmission nodes.

[0078] With respect to step 200, in a wireless sensor network (WSN), residual energy refers to the energy reserve of each node in the network. Since the wireless sensor network is powered by batteries, the energy consumption of the nodes directly affects the life and performance of the network. The energy consumption of the nodes mainly comes from data transmission. The longer the distance, the greater the energy consumption.

[0079] The time to live (TTL) is the maximum time or number of "hops" that a packet can exist in a network. When a packet is created and sent across the Internet, it may be passed between routers indefinitely. To prevent this, packets are designed with an expiration time called the time to live or hop limit. Each time a packet passes through a router, its TTL value is reduced by one. When the TTL value reaches 0, the router will discard the packet and send an ICMP message to inform the original host. Network commands such as ping and traceroute use TTL to determine the path and time of a packet. In addition, TTL is also used for cache management. For example, Cloudflare CDN manages cached content by setting TTL to ensure that the latest content is provided while reducing requests to the source server.

[0080] In order to extend the network life, short-distance multi-hop transmission can be used to reduce energy consumption. In addition, the network life can be extended by optimizing the model and local information through the Newton method based distributed algorithm to maximize the survival time.

[0081] For step 300, see Figure 4 , where cluster is a collection of wireless network divisions. It is a collection of network nodes with some association. Cluster: consists of a cluster head and multiple cluster members. The lower level cluster head is the cluster member in the higher level network, and the base station BS (base station) communicates with the cluster head at the highest level. The formation of cluster head is the basis of cluster formation, and the routing of cluster, that is, the data transmission of cluster, depends on the structure of cluster. The generation of cluster head, the division of cluster, and the data transmission of cluster (cluster routing) are closely connected but independent of each other.

[0082] In each cluster, a node is selected as the cluster head according to a certain mechanism algorithm. The cluster head regulates, manages and controls the members in the cluster, collects and integrates the information in the cluster and forwards it between clusters.

[0083] Advantages of cluster routing mechanism: Member nodes can keep their communication modules off most of the time, and data is forwarded over long distances by the higher-level connected network formed by the cluster head, which can not only ensure the original data information within the coverage range but also save network energy. The cluster head merges the data of the member nodes before transmitting it, reducing the amount of data communication and saving energy. The functions of the member nodes are relatively simple, and there is no need to maintain complex routing information, which reduces the amount of data communication and saves network energy. The cluster topology is easy to manage, which is conducive to the application of distributed algorithms, can respond quickly to system changes, has good scalability, and is suitable for large-scale networks. It is easier to overcome the problem of sensor node mobility.

[0084] Specifically, the energy load of the entire network is evenly distributed to each sensor node by randomly selecting cluster heads with equal probability. The periodic process is as follows: During the cluster establishment phase, each node randomly generates a random number between 0 and 1. If this number is less than a certain threshold, the node becomes the cluster head. The cluster head broadcasts the message that it has become the cluster head. Each node decides which cluster to join based on the strength of the broadcast signal it receives, and will respond to the cluster head. The nodes in the cluster send data to the cluster head according to time division multiple access (TDMA) time division multiplexing, and the cluster head merges the data and sends it to the base station. After working for a period of time, the network re-enters the startup phase and re-selects the cluster head.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 5 , step 300 comprises:

[0086] Step 301: determining the remaining energy of each data transmission node in the current network scale according to the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission;

[0087] Specifically, first, the initial energy state, location and other relevant parameters of all nodes are collected. At the beginning of each round (time period), the residual energy of each node is updated. This includes subtracting the energy consumed by transmitting and receiving data in the previous round to obtain the residual energy of each data transmission node in the current network scale.

[0088] Step 302: Determine the energy weight of the data transmission node according to the residual energy of the data transmission node, specifically:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, W i is the energy weight of the data transmission node, E remaining is the remaining energy of the data transmission node, E consumed is the energy consumed by the data transmission node in the previous round of network transmission, E initialis the initial energy of the data transmission node, α and β are weight coefficients, and the weight coefficients are used to balance the influence between the remaining energy and the consumed energy;

[0091] Step 303: Determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the energy weight and the survival time.

[0092] All nodes are sorted by comprehensive scores, and the node with the highest comprehensive score is selected as the cluster head. Then, the selected cluster head node broadcasts its cluster head identity to other nodes in the network. This process can maximize the overall energy efficiency and survival time of the network by dynamically selecting nodes with high residual energy, low energy consumption and long survival time as cluster heads.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 6 , step 303 includes:

[0094] Step 3031: Determine the survival time of the data transmission node according to the survival time of the previous round of network transmission, specifically:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] in:

[0098] T i is the lifetime of the data transmission node;

[0099] is the average energy consumption rate of the data transmission node;

[0100] L1 is the distance between the data transmission node and the collection point of the ventilation parameters in the previous round of network transmission;

[0101] L2 is the distance between the data transmission node and the collection point of the ventilation parameters in the current round of network transmission;

[0102] It can be understood that in the above formula, when L1≤L2 corresponds to the situation that the distance between the data transmission node and the ventilation parameter collection point becomes larger or unchanged, conversely, when L1>L2 corresponds to the situation that the distance between the data transmission node and the ventilation parameter collection point becomes smaller.

[0103] Step 3032: Determine a comprehensive score of the data transmission node according to the survival time and weight coefficient of the data transmission node;

[0104] Specifically, step 3032 may be implemented according to the following formula:

[0105] S i =Wi +γ·T i

[0106] Among them, S i is the comprehensive score of the data transmission node, and γ is the weight coefficient, which is used to balance the influence between energy weight and survival time prediction. Preferably, when the total number of data transmission nodes in the segmented lane is 5-10, γ is 0.64; when the total number of data transmission nodes in the segmented lane is less than 5, γ is 0.91; when the total number of data transmission nodes in the segmented lane is greater than 10, γ is 0.37.

[0107] Step 3033: Determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the comprehensive score.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 7 , a ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines, further comprising:

[0109] Step 500: When the survival time of a data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a first preset threshold, or / and when the remaining energy of a data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a second preset threshold, the data transmission node is replaced by the drone transmission node.

[0110] Using drones as an alternative to data transmission nodes can effectively improve network reliability and extend survival time.

[0111] The status of each data transmission node is evaluated according to the preset thresholds. The thresholds include:

[0112] The first preset threshold is used to determine whether the survival time of a data transmission node is too short. If the survival time of a node is lower than the threshold, it is considered that the node may soon run out of energy and is no longer suitable for continuing to undertake data transmission tasks.

[0113] The second preset threshold is used to determine whether the remaining energy of the data transmission node is too low. If the remaining energy of a node is lower than the threshold, the transmission capacity of the node is limited and normal data transmission may not be maintained.

[0114] When the survival time or remaining energy of a node is lower than the set threshold, the drone, as a high-energy and sustainable device, will replace the node to continue data transmission. This replacement process can be carried out in the following steps:

[0115] For each data transmission node, its survival time (remaining working time) and remaining energy are monitored regularly.

[0116] If the survival time of a node is less than the first preset threshold, the drone replacement is triggered. Or if the remaining energy of the node is less than the second preset threshold, the drone replacement is also triggered.

[0117] When a node needs to be replaced, a drone is started (preferably one with longer endurance and higher communication capabilities). The drone should have the following features:

[0118] High energy reserve: capable of carrying out long-term data transmission tasks.

[0119] Flexibility: It can quickly fly to the area where the node that needs to be replaced is located, and replace it in real time or work collaboratively.

[0120] Communication capability: Ensure stable communication with other nodes or base stations in the air.

[0121] The process of drone taking over data transmission tasks includes:

[0122] Position positioning: The drone uses GPS or other positioning technologies to find the location of the node that needs to be replaced.

[0123] Network routing adjustment: According to the changes in network topology, the data stream transmitted by the drone for tasks that require replacement nodes is rerouted to the drone.

[0124] Data relay transmission: Drones become new data transmission nodes, collecting data to the drone and transmitting the data to base stations or other nodes through their powerful transmission capabilities.

[0125] In some cases, it is necessary for drones to work in coordination with other nodes. Drones are not just replacing a node, but can also serve as relay nodes or temporarily enhance network coverage and throughput. When the drone reaches the target node, it may maintain a certain degree of coordination with the original node, such as assisting data transmission through close-range communication to avoid network disconnection. Continue to transmit data simultaneously through the original node and the drone to ensure that data transmission is not affected.

[0126] After the drone replaces the data transmission node, other nodes in the network need to dynamically adjust their communication routes. The information of the replacement node is updated to the network to ensure that the new data transmission path can effectively utilize the capabilities of the drone. If the node replaced by the drone can resume normal operation (such as energy recovery), it may return to the role of data transmission.

[0127] The effectiveness of the drone replacement process is monitored through a feedback mechanism to optimize drone scheduling and replacement mechanisms.

[0128] Real-time monitoring: Continuously monitor the life span and energy status of data transmission nodes to avoid frequent replacement.

[0129] Optimize thresholds: According to the network operation situation, adjust the first and second preset thresholds in a timely manner to ensure that the thresholds are set reasonably to reduce unnecessary replacements and system burdens. It can be understood that step 500 has the following advantages:

[0130] Extend network lifecycle: Use drones to replace nodes with low energy or short lifespan to avoid network interruptions and improve the stability of data transmission.

[0131] Improved flexibility: The flexibility of drones allows them to dynamically replace multiple nodes, especially in dynamic environments.

[0132] Optimize network traffic: Drones can be used as relay nodes to optimize the routing of data streams and improve transmission efficiency.

[0133] In short, the mechanism of replacing certain data transmission nodes with drones can effectively deal with the problem of node energy exhaustion or short survival time in wireless sensor networks, thereby extending the life of the entire network and maintaining the stability of data transmission.

[0134] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 8 In step 400, “selecting a cluster member corresponding to the cluster head from the conventional transmission node according to the current network scale” includes:

[0135] Step 401: The cluster head broadcasts its coordinates to the nodes in the network.

[0136] Step 402: Determine the distance between the current regular transmission node and the cluster head, the energy of the current regular transmission node, and the complexity of selecting cluster members from the regular transmission nodes according to the coordinates of the cluster head.

[0137] Specifically, step 402 is implemented according to the following formula:

[0138] T i =a·D i +b·E remaining +c·L i

[0139] Among them, D i is the distance between node i and cluster head, L i is the load of node i, T i is the cluster membership evaluation score of node i, and a, b, and c are weighting coefficients.

[0140] After calculating the cluster member evaluation score of each regular transmission node, the nodes with higher scores are selected as cluster members in turn.

[0141] To further illustrate the present solution, the present application also provides a specific application example of a ventilation parameter transmission method in a mine, see Fig. 9 , Fig.10 as well as Fig.11 , specifically including the following contents.

[0142] First, this application provides a ventilation parameter transmission system for underground mines. The system consists of a transmitter, a repeater, and a receiver. The transmitter integrates sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, and is arranged near the working surface. The repeater is installed on mobile vehicles, electric locomotives, personnel, and drones. The receiver is arranged in the main lane with a network. The layout diagram is shown in the figure below. Fig. 9 as well as Fig.10 shown.

[0143] The transmitter, repeater and receiver of this solution adopt wireless transmission. The transmitter is arranged near the working surface and powered by a 36v lamp line. The repeater can use a 36v power supply or a built-in battery. When there are many vehicles, the vehicles can act as repeaters to transmit data step by step to the main lane. When there are fewer vehicles, the vehicles will automatically upload data to the receiver after arriving at the main lane.

[0144] This solution uses mobile equipment or personnel to collect data, which can greatly reduce the installation of repeaters, reduce installation and maintenance costs, and has reliable data transmission, making it suitable for areas with dense population and vehicles.

[0145] S1: Deploy edge data collection equipment in key mine tunnels.

[0146] The function and role of the edge acquisition equipment is to collect relevant ventilation parameters of fixed and mobile measuring points within a certain range in real time, such as wind speed, air volume, friction resistance, temperature and other parameters; auxiliary parameters may include but are not limited to the concentration of toxic and harmful gases in the tunnel, which can reflect whether the ventilation effect of the area meets the standards.

[0147] The edge device includes at least the following functions: parameter attachment fixed point data, and perform corresponding edge analysis and processing; at the same time, it is responsible for transmitting its analysis results and raw data to the ground database in real time. The edge end has WIFI, and the Bluetooth module can collect the ventilation parameters of the area passed by the technicians who enter the range of the edge device in real time.

[0148] S2: Data processing and analysis by collecting data from wired, wireless networks and portable sensors.

[0149] It can be understood that step S2 can reduce data transmission in the network, reduce delay, and improve response speed and system efficiency.

[0150] S3: Data is collected in real time and data is collected.

[0151] Through the portable sensor recording module, the technicians can record the parameters of the areas they pass through in real time. First, the sensors are configured according to the needs, and real-time data collection is enabled for data collection. The collected data is stored in the memory card. When the technician carrying the portable sensor passes through the edge, the data is transmitted to the edge device through the communication module.

[0152] S4: Collect ventilation parameters for fixed areas and areas where portable equipment passes through.

[0153] Underground technicians carry portable sensors and edge devices to continuously collect ventilation parameters in fixed areas and areas where portable equipment passes through, increasing the spatial adoption rate of parameters and providing precise control parameters for adjusting ventilation system parameters.

[0154] From the above description, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present application provides a ventilation parameter transmission system and a corresponding method for an underground mine, which aims to realize fast and accurate real-time collection and preliminary processing of parameter data of different types and sources in the ventilation system. By deploying edge computing devices at each node of the ventilation system, the present invention can realize on-site processing and analysis of data, reduce data transmission delays, and improve the response speed and data processing capabilities of the system. This method is particularly suitable for large-scale, heterogeneous ventilation systems, and can adapt to different equipment interfaces and communication protocols. The underground mine ventilation parameter transmission system provided by the present invention includes multiple sensors, data acquisition modules, edge computing units and communication interfaces, which support rapid deployment and flexible expansion.

[0155] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines, which can be used to implement the methods described in the above embodiments, such as the following embodiments. Since the principle of solving the problem by the ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines is similar to that of the ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines, the implementation of the ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines can refer to the implementation of the ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. As used below, the terms "unit" or "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements predetermined functions. Although the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceived.

[0156] The embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation of a ventilation parameter transmission device for a mine shaft that can realize a ventilation parameter transmission method for a mine shaft, see Fig.12 , a ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines specifically includes the following contents:

[0157] The current network scale determination module 10 is used to initialize the network scale of the segmented tunnel in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: wherein the data transmission nodes include: conventional transmission nodes and drone transmission nodes; the conventional transmission nodes include mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel;

[0158] The network parameter calculation module 20 is used to calculate the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0159] The current transmission round cluster head determination module 30 is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0160] The ventilation parameter transmission module 40 is used to select a cluster member corresponding to the cluster head from the conventional transmission nodes according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

[0161] In some embodiments of the present invention, the current transmission round cluster head determination module includes:

[0162] A remaining energy determination unit, configured to determine the remaining energy of each data transmission node in the current network scale according to the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission;

[0163] An energy weight determination unit is used to determine the energy weight of the data transmission node according to the residual energy of the data transmission node, specifically:

[0164]

[0165] Among them, W i is the energy weight of the data transmission node, E remaining is the remaining energy of the data transmission node, E consumed is the energy consumed by the data transmission node in the previous round of network transmission, E initial is the initial energy of the data transmission node, α and β are weight coefficients, and the weight coefficients are used to balance the influence between the remaining energy and the consumed energy;

[0166] The current transmission round cluster head determination unit is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the energy weight and the survival time.

[0167] In some embodiments of the present invention, the current transmission round cluster head determination unit includes:

[0168] A survival time determination unit, configured to determine the survival time of the data transmission node according to the survival time of the previous round of network transmission, specifically:

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] Among them, T i is the lifetime of the data transmission node, is the average energy consumption rate of the data transmission node, L1 is the distance between the data transmission node and the collection point of the ventilation parameters in the previous round of network transmission, and L2 is the distance between the data transmission node and the collection point of the ventilation parameters in the current round of network transmission;

[0172] A comprehensive score determination unit, configured to determine a comprehensive score of the data transmission node according to the survival time and weight coefficient of the data transmission node;

[0173] The current transmission round cluster head determination subunit is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the comprehensive score.

[0174] In some embodiments of the present invention, a ventilation parameter transmission device for an underground mine further includes:

[0175] The drone transmission module is used to replace a data transmission node of the current network scale with the drone transmission node when the survival time of the data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a first preset threshold, or / and when the remaining energy of the data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a second preset threshold.

[0176] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present application provides a ventilation parameter transmission device underground in a mine, including: a current network scale determination module, which is used to initialize the network scale of the segmented tunnel underground in the mine with a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: wherein the data transmission nodes include: conventional transmission nodes and drone transmission nodes; conventional transmission nodes include mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel; a network parameter calculation module, which is used to calculate the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed in the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; a current transmission round cluster head determination module, which is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed in the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; a ventilation parameter transmission module, which is used to select cluster members corresponding to the cluster head in the conventional transmission nodes according to the current network scale to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel underground in the mine.

[0177] The ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines provided in the present application solves the problems of low real-time sampling efficiency and update rate of existing ventilation system parameters in super-large and large mines, as well as insufficient sampling space density, making it impossible to optimize the ventilation circuit and improve ventilation efficiency through real-time monitoring of parameters.

[0178] The embodiment of the present application also provides a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all steps in the ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines in the above embodiment, see Fig.13 , electronic equipment specifically includes the following:

[0179] Processor (processor) 1201, memory (memory) 1202, communication interface (CommunicationsInterface) 1203 and bus 1204;

[0180] The processor 1201 , the memory 1202 , and the communication interface 1203 communicate with each other via the bus 1204 ; the communication interface 1203 is used to realize information transmission between relevant devices such as the server-side device, the power measurement device, and the user-side device.

[0181] The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, all the steps in the ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0182] Step 100: Initialize the network scale of the segmented tunnel in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: wherein the data transmission nodes include: conventional transmission nodes and drone transmission nodes; the conventional transmission nodes include mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel;

[0183] Step 200: Calculate the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0184] Step 300: Determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0185] Step 400: Selecting a cluster member corresponding to the cluster head from the conventional transmission nodes according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

[0186] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all the steps of the ventilation parameter transmission method for an underground mine in the above-mentioned embodiment. A computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, all the steps of the ventilation parameter transmission method for an underground mine in the above-mentioned embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0187] Step 100: Initialize the network scale of the segmented tunnel in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: wherein the data transmission nodes include: conventional transmission nodes and drone transmission nodes; the conventional transmission nodes include mobile vehicles, electric locomotives and personnel;

[0188] Step 200: Calculate the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0189] Step 300: Determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time;

[0190] Step 400: Selecting a cluster member corresponding to the cluster head from the conventional transmission nodes according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

[0191] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0192] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0193] Although the present application provides method operation steps such as embodiments or flow charts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the order of many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order of the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0194] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0195] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0196] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0197] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments having the same structure as the technical idea and exerting the same effect within the scope of the technical solution of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the main purpose of the present application, various modifications that can be thought of by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and other methods of combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines, characterized in that: include: Initialize the network scale of the segmented lanes in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: Calculate the remaining energy in the current network size, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; Determine a cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; A cluster member corresponding to the cluster head is selected from the data transmission node according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

2. The ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cluster head determining the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission and the survival time comprises: Determine the remaining energy of each data transmission node in the current network scale according to the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission; Determining an energy weight of the data transmission node according to the residual energy of the data transmission node; A cluster head of the current network scale is determined according to the energy weight and the survival time.

3. The ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of determining the cluster head of the current network scale according to the energy weight and the survival time includes: Determining the survival time of the data transmission node according to the survival time of the previous round of network transmission; Determine a comprehensive score of the data transmission node according to the survival time and weight coefficient of the data transmission node; A cluster head of the current network scale is determined according to the comprehensive score.

4. The ventilation parameter transmission method for underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission nodes include conventional nodes and drone transmission nodes, and the drone transmission nodes are used to replace the conventional nodes; Initializing the network scale of the segmented lanes in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale includes: When the survival time of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a first preset threshold, and the residual energy of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a second preset threshold, the data transmission node is a regular node; When the survival time of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a first preset threshold, and / or the remaining energy of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a second preset threshold, the certain data transmission node is replaced by the drone transmission node.

5. A ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines, characterized in that: include: The current network scale determination module is used to initialize the network scale of the segmented lanes in the mine shaft at a preset time period to determine the data transmission nodes in the current network scale: The network parameter calculation module is used to calculate the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; A cluster head determination module for the current transmission round, used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the remaining energy in the current network scale, the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission, and the survival time; A ventilation parameter transmission module is used to select a cluster member corresponding to the cluster head in the data transmission node according to the current network scale, so as to transmit the ventilation parameters to the main tunnel in the mine.

6. The ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current transmission round cluster head determination module includes: A remaining energy determination unit, configured to determine the remaining energy of each data transmission node in the current network scale according to the energy consumed by the previous round of network transmission; An energy weight determination unit, configured to determine an energy weight of the data transmission node according to the residual energy of the data transmission node; The current transmission round cluster head determination unit is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the energy weight and the survival time.

7. The ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The current transmission round cluster head determination unit comprises: A survival time determination unit, configured to determine the survival time of the data transmission node according to the survival time of the previous round of network transmission; A comprehensive score determination unit, configured to determine a comprehensive score of the data transmission node according to the survival time and weight coefficient of the data transmission node; The current transmission round cluster head determination subunit is used to determine the cluster head of the current network scale according to the comprehensive score.

8. The ventilation parameter transmission device for underground mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data transmission nodes include conventional nodes and drone transmission nodes, and the drone transmission nodes are used to replace the conventional nodes; When the survival time of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a first preset threshold, and the residual energy of a data transmission node of the current network scale is greater than a second preset threshold, the data transmission node is a regular node; When the survival time of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a first preset threshold, and / or the remaining energy of a certain data transmission node of the current network scale is less than a second preset threshold, the certain data transmission node is replaced by the drone transmission node.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the ventilation parameter transmission method for an underground mine as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the ventilation parameter transmission method for an underground mine as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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