Self-propelled field waste crop straw picking combined briquetting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-propelled field waste crop straw picking combined briquetting machine which comprises a vehicle body, a picking and smashing mechanism, a straw conveying and preparing system, a self-heating system, a briquetting system and a transmission system. A feeding port of the auger spiral conveyor is in butt joint with a discharging port of the picking and smashing mechanism, the moisture content detector is arranged at the feeding port of the auger spiral conveyor, and the atomization nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the auger spiral conveyor and communicated with the water supply mechanism through a water conveying pipeline. The self-heating system is located below the straw conveying and blending system and provided with a combustion chamber, and heat is generated through the combustion chamber and used for heating the auger spiral conveyor. The self-heating system and the straw conveying and modulating system can directionally regulate and control the characteristics of straw materials so as to optimize straw compression forming process parameters, the optimal compression forming effect is achieved, and operation energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a self-propelled field abandoned crop straw picking and briquetting machine, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] my country is rich in straw resources, with agricultural production of about 800 million tons of straw each year. However, the loose structure and low density of straw make collection, storage and transportation difficult and costly, and its large-scale utilization is severely restricted. Compressing straw into solid molds can significantly improve its transportation and storage capacity, which is an important way to utilize straw on a large scale. The density of straw molded solids can reach 1000kg / m 3 , much higher than the straw stacking density of 80-100kg / m before compaction 3 At present, straw-shaped solid products such as pellets and briquettes are widely used in the biorefining industry through thermochemical and biochemical conversion pathways.

[0003] Compared with loose straw, straw-molded solids are more stable in terms of size, density, humidity and composition, which is conducive to long-term storage. At the same time, straw-molded solids are suitable for automated processing systems, thereby improving the production efficiency of enterprises. At present, straw compression and molding equipment (such as briquetting machines, granulators, etc.) are mainly fixed-operation equipment, and need to be equipped with a variety of auxiliary equipment to complete the steps of straw crushing, modulation, transportation, compression molding, cooling, packaging, etc., which have problems such as cumbersome process and high investment cost. At the same time, due to the collection radius of the centralized straw processing point, the long-distance transportation of straw scattered in the field to the centralized processing point also significantly increases the cost of straw processing. Therefore, the development of field self-propelled straw briquetting machinery and equipment, which integrates field straw picking, crushing, transportation and compression, can significantly improve the efficiency of straw processing and transportation, shorten the production cycle, and promote the comprehensive utilization of straw.

[0004] At present, mobile straw briquetting / granulating machines have been developed and applied on a small scale, but the equipment has high requirements on the moisture content and crushing size of the straw, and there are problems such as poor working stability and high energy consumption during use. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a self-propelled straw compression and molding equipment with stronger adaptability and higher stability, so as to solve the problem of straw collection, storage and transportation, and promote the further transformation and value-added utilization of straw. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled field abandoned crop straw picking and briquetting machine, which has high reliability and low cost, and can also improve the adaptability to the working environment, reduce the intermediate links of straw processing, and reduce the cost of straw processing.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a self-propelled field abandoned crop straw picking and briquetting machine, including a vehicle body, a picking and crushing mechanism, a straw conveying and modulation system, a self-heating system, a briquetting system and a transmission system;

[0007] The straw conveying and modulation system comprises an auger screw conveyor, a moisture content detector, and an atomizing nozzle. The feed inlet of the auger screw conveyor is connected to the feed outlet of the picking and crushing mechanism. The moisture content detector is arranged at the feed inlet of the auger screw conveyor. The atomizing nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the auger screw conveyor and is connected to the water supply mechanism through a water pipeline.

[0008] The self-heating system is located below the straw conveying and modulation system. The self-heating system is provided with a combustion chamber, and heat is generated through the combustion chamber to heat the auger screw conveyor.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auger screw conveyor is provided with auger screw conveyor blades, the upper end surface of the auger screw conveyor is a mesh structure, and the lower end surface is provided with blanking holes.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a strip groove is provided on the upper end surface of the auger screw conveyor, and the atomizing nozzles are installed in the strip groove, and the nozzles used for atomization are evenly distributed and directed toward the inside of the auger screw conveyor.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a detachable shielding cover is installed around the auger screw conveyor, and a temperature sensor is installed at the discharge port of the auger screw conveyor.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water supply mechanism includes a water tank, a water pump and a controller. The water in the water tank is pumped out by the water pump and transported to the atomizing nozzle through a water pipe for spraying. The controller is used to control the start and stop of the water pump according to the moisture content of the straw.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the self-heating system includes a sprocket conveyor, a sprocket scraper conveyor belt, a combustion chamber, a combustion chamber door, an ash filter, an air blast port, a smoke exhaust port and a cleaning mechanism, the sprocket scraper conveyor belt is located inside the sprocket conveyor, the air blast port is located at the lower end of the rear side of the combustion chamber, the smoke exhaust port is located at the upper end of the rear side of the combustion chamber, and the cleaning mechanism is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust cleaning mechanism includes a driving motor, a crank-connecting rod mechanism, an ash pushing rod and an ash shield, wherein one end of the crank-connecting rod mechanism is connected to the driving motor and the other end is connected to the ash pushing rod, and the ash shield is fixed to the upper end of the ash pushing rod.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle body includes a cab, a chassis, and a traveling mechanism. The cab is located at the front end of the combined briquetting machine, and the traveling mechanism adopts wheels or tracks.

[0016] As a further optimization of this scheme, the picking and crushing mechanism is located at the front end of the combined briquetting machine, which includes a picker, a screw conveyor, a feeding mechanism, a crushing chamber, a crushing rotating shaft, a rotating blade, a fixed blade, and a screen; the picker is used to continuously rotate and pick up straw, the screw conveyor sends the straw into the feeding mechanism and then to the crushing chamber for crushing, and the crushed material enters the straw conveying and modulation system through the screen.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of this scheme, the transmission system includes a first diesel engine, a second diesel engine, a pulley, an intermediate transmission shaft, a universal joint, a first gear reducer, a second gear reducer, a sprocket conveyor main shaft, a crusher main shaft, a feeding mechanism transmission shaft, a picking power shaft, a picker main shaft, and a screw conveyor main shaft; the diesel engine is connected to the pressure roller in the briquetting system through the first gear reducer to ensure the normal operation of the briquetting machine; the second diesel engine is connected to the intermediate transmission shaft through a belt drive, the intermediate transmission shaft is connected to the second gear reducer through a belt drive, the second gear reducer output shaft is connected to the auger screw conveyor through a universal joint, and the sprocket conveyor main shaft is connected to the second gear reducer through a belt drive; the second gear reducer input shaft is connected to the crusher main shaft and the feeding mechanism transmission shaft respectively through a belt drive, the intermediate transmission shaft is connected to the picking power shaft through a belt drive, and the picking power shaft is connected to the picker main shaft and the screw conveyor main shaft through a belt drive.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention is a self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine, which includes: a vehicle body, a picking and crushing mechanism, a self-heating system, a straw conveying and modulation system, and a briquetting system. It realizes the picking, crushing, modulation and briquetting of field straw, integrates multiple steps of straw processing into one mechanical equipment, improves straw processing efficiency, and reduces processing costs.

[0020] (2) Compared with the existing field straw compression molding machinery and equipment, the self-heating system and straw conveying modulation system in the present invention can carry out targeted regulation of straw material properties to achieve the optimization of straw compression molding process parameters, achieve the best compression molding effect, and reduce operating energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a side view of a self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a picking and crushing mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a straw conveying and modulation system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a self-heating system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a view of the connection between the straw conveying and the combustion chamber according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a briquetting system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a self-propelled field abandoned crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The markings in the figure are: 1-car body, 2-picking and crushing mechanism, 3-straw conveying and modulation system, 4-self-heating system, 5-briquetting system, 6-transmission system, 101-cab, 102-chassis, 103-travel mechanism, 201-pickup, 202-screw conveyor, 203-feeding mechanism, 204-crushing chamber, 205-crushing rotating shaft, 206-rotating blade, 207-fixed blade, 208-screen, 301-auger screw conveyor, 302-moisture content detector, 303-atomizing nozzle, 304-shielding cover, 305-water pipeline, 306-water tank, 307-water pump, 308-controller, 309-temperature sensor, 310-auger screw conveyor blade, 401-sprocket conveyor, 402-combustion chamber, 4 03-combustion chamber door, 404-ash filter, 405-air blast, 406-smoke exhaust, 407-ash cleaning mechanism, 408-drive motor, 409-crank connecting rod mechanism, 410-ash push rod, 411-ash shield, 412-sprocket scraper conveyor belt, 501-ring die structure, 502-pressure roller, 503-annular conveyor belt, 504-collection box, 601-first diesel engine, 602-second diesel engine, 603-pulley, 604-intermediate transmission shaft, 605-universal joint, 606-first gear reducer, 607-first gear reducer, 608-sprocket conveyor main shaft, 609-crusher main shaft, 610-feeding mechanism transmission shaft, 611-pickup power shaft, 612-pickup main shaft, 613-screw conveyor main shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a self-propelled field abandoned crop straw picking and briquetting machine is provided, which comprises a vehicle body 1, a picking and crushing mechanism 2, a straw conveying and modulation system 3, a self-heating system 4, a briquetting system 5, and a transmission system 6; the vehicle body comprises a cab 101, a chassis 102, and a traveling mechanism 103, wherein the cab 101 is located at the front end of the combined briquetting machine, and the traveling mechanism 103 is a wheel or a track.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the picking and crushing mechanism 2 is located at the front end of the combined briquetting machine, including: a picker 201, a screw conveyor 202, a feeding mechanism 203, a crushing chamber 204, a crushing rotating shaft 205, a rotating blade 206, a fixed blade 207, and a screen 208; when the combined briquetting machine is working, the picker 201 continuously rotates to pick up the straw, and under the action of the screw conveyor 202, the straw is sent into the feeding mechanism 203 and transported to the crushing chamber 204 for crushing, and the crushed material passes through the screen 208 and enters the straw conveying and modulation system 3.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the straw conveying and modulation system 3 is located behind the crushing chamber 204 and above the straw self-heating system 4, and includes: an auger screw conveyor 301, a moisture content detector 302, an atomizing nozzle 303, a shielding cover 304, a water delivery pipeline 305, a water tank 306, a water pump 307, a controller 308, a temperature sensor 309, and an auger screw conveyor blade 310. The upper end surface of the auger screw conveyor 301 is a mesh type. The moisture content detector 302 is arranged at the feed inlet of the auger screw conveyor 301. A plurality of atomizing nozzles 303 are evenly arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the auger screw conveyor 301 through the feed. The water pipe 305 is connected to the water tank 306, and the temperature sensor 309 is located at the discharge port of the auger screw conveyor 301, which can detect the temperature of the material before entering the briquetting system 5; when working, the crushed straw enters the auger screw conveyor 301, when the moisture content of the straw is detected to be higher than 25%, the shielding cover 304 can be manually opened to promote water volatilization, when the moisture content of the straw is detected to be lower than 15%, the controller 308 starts the water pump 307, and the water in the water tank 306 is sprayed from the atomizing nozzle 303 through the water pipe 305, and the straw is sprayed to increase the moisture content. For every ton of straw processed, the conveying and modulation system 3 sprays 50kg of water.

[0034] like Figure 4 and 5As shown, in the self-heating system, the combustion chamber 402 is located behind the crushing chamber 204 and below the straw conveying and modulation system 3, including: a sprocket conveyor 401, a sprocket scraper conveyor belt 412, a combustion chamber 402, a combustion chamber door 403, an ash filter 404, an air blast port 405, a smoke exhaust port 406, and an ash cleaning mechanism 407. The sprocket scraper conveyor belt 412 is located inside the sprocket conveyor 401, the air blast port 405 is located at the lower end of the rear side of the combustion chamber 402, and the smoke exhaust port 406 is located at the upper end of the rear side of the combustion chamber 402; the ash cleaning mechanism 407 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 402, including: a drive motor 408, a crank connecting rod mechanism 409, an ash pushing rod 410, and an ash blocking cover 411. One end of the crank connecting rod mechanism 409 is connected to the drive motor 408, and the other end is connected to the ash pushing rod 410. The ash blocking cover 411 is fixed to the upper end of the ash pushing rod 410. When the straw is burned, the ashes produced fall into the bottom through the two layers of ash filter nets 404, and the crank connecting rod mechanism 409 moves to drive the ash pushing rod 410 to push the ashes out of the combustion chamber 402 through the rectangular hole below the combustion chamber door 403 and fall on the ground on the side of the machine to prevent the accumulation of straw ashes and blocking the mesh holes; before the combined briquetting machine works, the combustion chamber door 403 is opened, and the straw taken from the field is put into the combustion chamber 402 and ignited to preheat the auger screw conveyor 301 in the straw conveying and modulation system 3 to ensure that the straw picked up and fed before the combined briquetting machine works stably can be heated; when the combined briquetting machine is working, part of the straw falls into the sprocket conveyor 401 from the hole at the lower end of the auger screw conveyor 301 and is transported into the combustion chamber 402 through the sprocket scraper conveyor belt 412 for combustion, and continuously generates heat for heating the auger screw conveyor 301 to promote the softening of the straw and utilize compression molding.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the briquetting system 5 is located behind the conveying and modulation system 3 and the self-heating system 4, and includes: a ring mold structure 501, a pressure roller 502, an annular conveyor belt 503 and a collection box 504. The straw enters the ring mold briquetting mechanism 501 through the conveying and modulation system 3 for compression molding, and the molded solid is stored in the collection box 503 through the annular conveyor belt 502.

[0036] like Figure 7As shown, the transmission system 6 includes: a first diesel engine 601, a second diesel engine 602, a pulley 603, an intermediate transmission shaft 604, a universal joint 605, a gear reducer 606, a gear reducer 607, a sprocket conveyor main shaft 608, a crusher main shaft 609, a feeding mechanism transmission shaft 610, a pickup power shaft 611, a pickup main shaft 612, and a screw conveyor main shaft 613; the diesel engine 601 is connected to the press roller 502 in the briquetting system through the gear reducer 606 to ensure the normal operation of the briquetting machine; the diesel engine 602 is connected to the intermediate transmission shaft 604 through a belt drive, and the intermediate transmission The shaft 604 is connected to the gear reducer 607 through a belt drive, the output shaft of the gear reducer 607 is connected to the auger screw conveyor 301 through a universal joint 605, and the sprocket conveyor main shaft 608 is connected to the gear reducer 607 through a belt drive; the input shaft of the gear reducer 607 is connected to the crusher main shaft 609 through a belt drive, the input shaft of the gear reducer 607 is connected to the feeding mechanism drive shaft 610 through a belt drive, the intermediate drive shaft 604 is connected to the picking power shaft 611 through a belt drive, and the picking power shaft 611 is connected to the pickup main shaft 612 and the screw conveyor main shaft 613 through a belt drive.

[0037] In summary, the self-propelled field abandoned crop straw picking and briquetting machine of the present invention can realize the picking, crushing, modulation and briquetting of field straw, integrating multiple steps of straw processing into one mechanical equipment, greatly improving the efficiency of straw processing and reducing processing costs. At the same time, the self-heating system and straw conveying and modulation system in the present invention can carry out directional control of straw material properties to optimize the straw compression molding process parameters, achieve the best compression molding effect, and reduce operating energy consumption.

[0038] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention in any form, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement and the like fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims

1. A self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine, comprising a vehicle body, a picking and crushing mechanism, a briquetting system, and a transmission system, characterized in that: It also includes a straw conveying and modulation system and a self-heating system. The straw conveying and modulation system comprises an auger screw conveyor, a moisture content detector, and an atomizing nozzle. The feed inlet of the auger screw conveyor is connected to the feed outlet of the picking and crushing mechanism. The moisture content detector is arranged at the feed inlet of the auger screw conveyor. The atomizing nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the auger screw conveyor and is connected to the water supply mechanism through a water pipeline. The self-heating system is located below the straw conveying and modulation system. The self-heating system is provided with a combustion chamber. The heat generated by burning the straw in the combustion chamber is used to heat the auger screw conveyor.

2. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The auger screw conveyor is provided with auger screw conveyor blades, the upper end surface of the auger screw conveyor is a mesh structure, and the lower end surface is provided with drop holes.

3. A self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A strip groove is provided on the upper end surface of the auger screw conveyor, and the atomizing nozzles are installed in the strip groove. The nozzles used for atomization are evenly distributed and face the inside of the auger screw conveyor.

4. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Removable shielding covers are installed on both sides of the upper end of the auger screw conveyor, and a temperature sensor is installed at the discharge port of the auger screw conveyor.

5. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water supply mechanism includes a water tank, a water pump and a controller. The water in the water tank is pumped out by the water pump and transported to the atomizing nozzle through a water pipeline for spraying. The controller is used to control the start and stop of the water pump according to the moisture content of the straw.

6. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-heating system includes a sprocket conveyor, a sprocket scraper conveyor belt, a combustion chamber, a combustion chamber door, an ash filter, an air blast port, a smoke exhaust port and a cleaning mechanism. The sprocket scraper conveyor belt is located inside the sprocket conveyor, the air blast port is located at the lower end of the rear side of the combustion chamber, the smoke exhaust port is located at the upper end of the rear side of the combustion chamber, and the cleaning mechanism is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber.

7. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dust cleaning mechanism comprises a driving motor, a crank connecting rod mechanism, an ash pushing rod and an ash blocking cover. One end of the crank connecting rod mechanism is connected to the driving motor and the other end is connected to the ash pushing rod. The ash blocking cover is fixed to the upper end of the ash pushing rod.

8. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body comprises a cab, a chassis and a traveling mechanism. The cab is located at the front end of the combined briquetting machine, and the traveling mechanism adopts wheels or crawlers.

9. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picking and crushing mechanism is located at the front end of the combined briquetting machine, and includes a picker, a screw conveyor, a feeding mechanism, a crushing chamber, a crushing rotating shaft, a rotating blade, a fixed blade, and a screen; the picker is used to continuously rotate and pick up straw, and the screw conveyor sends the straw into the feeding mechanism and then to the crushing chamber for crushing, and the crushed material enters the straw conveying and modulation system through the screen.

10. The self-propelled field waste crop straw picking and briquetting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system includes a first diesel engine, a second diesel engine, a pulley, an intermediate transmission shaft, a universal joint, a first gear reducer, a second gear reducer, a sprocket conveyor main shaft, a crusher main shaft, a feeding mechanism transmission shaft, a pickup power shaft, a pickup main shaft, and a screw conveyor main shaft; the diesel engine is connected to the pressure roller in the briquetting system through the first gear reducer to ensure the normal operation of the briquetting machine; the second diesel engine is connected to the intermediate transmission shaft through a belt drive, the intermediate transmission shaft is connected to the second gear reducer through a belt drive, the output shaft of the second gear reducer is connected to the auger screw conveyor through a universal joint, and the sprocket conveyor main shaft is connected to the second gear reducer through a belt drive; The second gear reducer input shaft is connected to the crusher main shaft and the feeding mechanism transmission shaft respectively through belt drive, the intermediate transmission shaft is connected to the picking power shaft through belt drive, and the picking power shaft is connected to the pickup main shaft and the screw conveyor main shaft through belt drive.

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