Conical multi-stage volume metering type quantitative fertilizer adding device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a conical-barrel-shaped multi-stage volume metering type quantitative fertilizer adding device and a control method thereof.The device comprises a metering bin arranged between a fertilizer inlet and a fertilizer outlet; the horizontal turbine is arranged at the top in the measuring bin and is driven by a stepping motor; the horizontal turbine base is arranged on the lower portion of the horizontal turbine, the lower end of the horizontal turbine base is provided with four metering pipes which are different in diameter and consistent in height, one side of the upper end of each metering pipe is correspondingly provided with a photoelectric sensor, the lower end of each metering pipe is correspondingly provided with a push-pull type electromagnet, and an inlet of the upper end of each metering pipe is provided with a valve; according to the fertilizer amount needed by the system, the appropriate metering pipes can be flexibly combined and matched for continuous fertilizer adding, so that efficient and accurate metering of the needed fertilizer is achieved, the purpose of quantitative fertilizer adding is achieved, and compared with a traditional mechanical device, the device avoids the situation that due to mechanical abrasion, the fertilizer adding efficiency is greatly improved. The deviation between the amount of the fertilizer guided out in a fixed time and the amount of the required fertilizer is large, and quantitative weighing cannot be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fertilizer application equipment, and in particular to a conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer application device. Background Art

[0002] The development of modern agriculture is inseparable from the integrated water and fertilizer technology. With my country's continuous investment in agricultural science and technology research and promotion, the integrated water and fertilizer technology has gradually become the mainstream technology used in efficient irrigation and fertilization systems. This technology combines irrigation and fertilization, and directly transports the mixed water and fertilizer to the root area of ​​crops through a pipeline system to achieve the synchronous supply of water and fertilizer.

[0003] The current integrated water and fertilizer system requires a simple mechanical device to complete the quantitative injection of fertilizers and realize the configuration of fertilizer mother solution during the water and fertilizer mixing process. Mechanical devices usually use time measurement to quantitatively weigh fertilizers. However, traditional mechanical devices often cause a large deviation between the amount of fertilizers exported in a fixed time and the required amount of fertilizers due to mechanical wear, thus failing to quantitatively weigh. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related art, the present application provides a conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device and a control method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions: A conical cylindrical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device, comprising a fertilizer inlet, a fertilizer outlet and a controller, the conical cylindrical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device also includes: The metering bin is located between the fertilizer inlet and the fertilizer outlet; A horizontal turbine is arranged at the top of the metering bin and is driven by a stepper motor; The horizontal turbine base is arranged at the lower part of the horizontal turbine, and four metering tubes with different diameters but the same height are arranged at the lower end thereof, a photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the upper end of each metering tube, a push-pull electromagnet is arranged at the lower end of each metering tube, and a valve is installed at the upper inlet of each metering tube; The stepper motor drives the horizontal turbine to rotate intermittently around its own axis, so that the fertilizer particles on the horizontal turbine base are pushed into the corresponding metering tube.

[0006] Optionally, a filling control bin is provided between the metering bin and the fertilizer inlet, a arch-breaking knife steering shaft is provided in the filling control bin, and a first arch-breaking knife group, a second arch-breaking knife group and a third arch-breaking knife group are evenly spaced on the arch-breaking knife steering shaft; Among them, the lower end of the arch-breaking knife steering shaft is rotatably mounted on the horizontal turbine base and driven by a servo motor, and the arch-breaking knife steering shaft is coaxial with the steering shaft of the horizontal turbine.

[0007] Optionally, the four metering tubes are respectively a first metering tube, a second metering tube, a third metering tube and a fourth metering tube; Wherein, a first metering pipe inlet, a second metering pipe inlet, a third metering pipe inlet and a fourth metering pipe inlet corresponding to the four metering pipes are opened on the horizontal turbine base.

[0008] Optionally, the diameter of the first metering tube is smaller than the diameter of the second metering tube, the diameter of the second metering tube is smaller than the diameter of the third metering tube, and the diameter of the third metering tube is smaller than the diameter of the fourth metering tube.

[0009] Optionally, a conical fertilizer collecting nozzle is provided between the metering bin and the fertilizer outlet.

[0010] Optionally, four installation openings are opened above the metering bin along the circumferential direction, and the photoelectric sensors are fixed in the installation openings.

[0011] Optionally, four embedding openings are opened below the metering bin along the circumferential direction, and the push-pull electromagnets are fixed in the embedding openings.

[0012] A control method for a conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device, comprising the steps of: S1, upon receiving the operation command, controls the stepper motor to operate at a target speed to drive the horizontal turbine to push the fertilizer particles on the horizontal turbine base into the four metering tubes; S2, when a jump signal generated by a photoelectric sensor disposed on one side of the upper end of the target metering tube is detected, the pushing of materials to the target metering tube is stopped, and the target push-pull electromagnet corresponding to the target metering tube is controlled to open and maintain the first target time length, so that the fertilizer particles in the target metering tube can be led out, wherein the target metering tube is selected in the order of small to large volume or from large to small volume; S3, after the first target time interval, control the target push-pull electromagnet to reset to close the lower end of the target metering tube, and repeat the above steps until the number of openings of the lower end of each target metering tube meets the target number, which is based on the feed amount and the volume of the target metering tube.

[0013] Optionally, before controlling the target push-pull electromagnet corresponding to the target metering tube to open and maintain the first target time length in step S2, the method further includes: S21, after the pushing action stops, the target valve installed at the upper end of the target metering tube is controlled to close and maintain a second target time length to prevent unmetered fertilizer particles from entering the target metering tube.

[0014] Optionally, step S3 includes: S31, after the second target time interval, controlling the target valve to reset to open the upper end of the target metering tube, and repeating the above steps until the closing times of the upper ends of the target metering tubes meet the target times.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present application: According to the amount of fertilizer required by the system, the present application can flexibly combine and match appropriate metering tubes for continuous fertilizer addition, so as to achieve efficient and accurate measurement of the required fertilizer and achieve the purpose of quantitative fertilizer addition. Compared with traditional mechanical devices, the present device avoids the problem that the amount of fertilizer exported within a fixed time deviates greatly from the required amount of fertilizer due to mechanical wear and cannot be quantitatively weighed. According to different application scenarios, the minimum metering unit of the device can be set and adjusted to change the amount of fertilizer added to meet diverse fertilization needs.

[0016] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 1 is an appearance diagram of a conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is an internal structure diagram of a conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is an internal structure diagram of a metering tube shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arch-breaking knife group shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a top view of a horizontal turbine base shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a bottom view of a horizontal turbine base shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the control method of the conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device shown in the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure numerals: 1, shell; 2, fertilizer inlet; 3, filling control chamber; 4, arch-breaking knife steering shaft; 5, first arch-breaking knife group; 6, second arch-breaking knife group; 7, third arch-breaking knife group; 8, horizontal turbine; 9, horizontal turbine base; 10, first metering pipe inlet; 11, second metering pipe inlet; 12, third metering pipe inlet; 13, fourth metering pipe inlet; 14, positioning installation hole; 15, installation port; 16, photoelectric sensor; 17, servo motor; 18, stepping motor; 19, installation base; 20, metering chamber; 21, first metering pipe; 22, second metering pipe; 23, third metering pipe; 24, fourth metering pipe; 25, embedding port; 26, push-pull electromagnet; 27, fertilizer collection nozzle; 28, fertilizer outlet; 29, valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific situation.

[0023] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0024] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0025] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0026] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by technical personnel.

[0028] Embodiment 1: See also Figures 1 to 5 A conical cylindrical multi-stage volumetric metering quantitative fertilizer adding device, comprising a fertilizer inlet 2, a fertilizer outlet 28 and a controller, the conical cylindrical multi-stage volumetric metering quantitative fertilizer adding device also includes: The metering bin 20 is arranged between the fertilizer inlet 2 and the fertilizer outlet 28; The horizontal turbine 8 is arranged at the top of the metering bin 20 and is driven by a stepper motor 18; The horizontal turbine base 9 is arranged at the lower part of the horizontal turbine 8, and four metering tubes with different diameters but the same height are arranged at the lower end thereof, and a photoelectric sensor 16 is arranged on one side of the upper end of each metering tube, and a push-pull electromagnet 26 is arranged on the lower end of each metering tube, and a valve 29 is installed at the upper inlet of each metering tube; The stepper motor 18 drives the horizontal turbine 8 to rotate intermittently around its own axis, so that the fertilizer particles on the horizontal turbine base 9 are pushed into the corresponding metering tube.

[0029] Specifically, the fertilizer inlet 2 is of a conical structure to facilitate material guiding, and the controller is used to control the action of the stepper motor 18, the push-pull electromagnet 26 and the valve 29; one side of the upper end of each metering tube corresponds to a photoelectric sensor 16 for detecting whether the fertilizer overflows; the lower end of each metering tube corresponds to a push-pull electromagnet 26 to control the opening and closing of the lower end of the metering tube, and a valve 29 is installed at the upper entrance of each metering tube to control the opening and closing of the upper end of the metering tube.

[0030] The horizontal turbine 8 is a four-blade structure. Too many blades will reduce the gap between the blades, reduce the ability to carry fertilizer, and affect the fertilizer filling efficiency. Too few blades will affect the stability of the fertilizer tube when filling. According to the test, the four-blade structure can ensure the filling efficiency of the fertilizer and will not affect the stability of the fertilizer tube when filling. The turbine blades are evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the turbine, and the interval between adjacent blades is 90°. The horizontal turbine 8 is installed on the horizontal turbine steering shaft and transmits power through the keyway. A horizontal turbine base 9 is provided below the horizontal turbine. Four metering tubes with different diameters and the same height are plugged into the horizontal turbine base 9. A stepper motor 18 and a mounting base 19 are fixedly arranged below the horizontal turbine base. The operation of the stepper motor 18 will drive the horizontal turbine steering shaft, and then drive the horizontal turbine 8 to rotate. The horizontal turbine 8 will comb the fertilizer scattered on the horizontal turbine base 9 evenly, and rely on the rotation of the horizontal turbine 8 to apply thrust to the fertilizer particles to make the fertilizer move along a predetermined trajectory, which can effectively prevent fertilizer accumulation or blockage. Under the driving action of the horizontal turbine, the fertilizer will gradually and orderly enter the metering tube.

[0031] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: the fertilizer enters the horizontal turbine base 9 through the fertilizer inlet 2, and the stepper motor 18 drives the horizontal turbine 8 to push the fertilizer so that the fertilizer enters four metering tubes with different diameters and the same height. When the corresponding photoelectric sensor 16 detects that the fertilizer overflows, the controller controls the stepper motor 18 to stop, and at the same time controls the corresponding valve 29 to close, so that the upper end of the corresponding metering tube is closed, and controls the corresponding push-pull electromagnet 26 to retract, so that the lower end of the corresponding metering tube is opened, so as to avoid the unmeasured fertilizer from entering the metering tube when the corresponding metering tube is discharged, affecting the accuracy of fertilization. The number of times the lower end of each metering tube is opened is calculated based on the target fertilizer application amount and the volume of the metering tube. After the device is started, the metering tube with the smallest volume is filled first. When the fertilizer in the metering tube is discharged, the push-pull electromagnet 26 below it resets and extends, blocking the outlet of the lower end of the metering tube. The controller controls the stepper motor 18 to drive the horizontal turbine 8 to operate again to continue filling each metering tube. At the next moment, the metering tube with the smallest volume and the second smallest metering tube are filled one after another, and the corresponding push-pull electromagnet 26 under the metering tube retracts. After the fertilizer in the tube is discharged, it resets and stretches to block the outlet of the metering tube. At the next moment, the metering tube with the smallest volume and the third smallest fertilizer metering tube are filled one after another, and the corresponding push-pull electromagnet 26 is activated. After the fertilizer in the tube is discharged, the outlet of the metering tube is blocked. During the operation of the device, each metering tube will alternately store and add fertilizer until the amount of fertilizer added reaches the set value required by the system. When the metering tube with the largest volume is filled and the fertilizer in the tube is discharged, theoretically, the metering tube with the smallest volume has stored and added fertilizer 6 times, the metering tube with the second smallest volume has stored and added fertilizer 3 times, and the metering tube with the third smallest volume has stored and added fertilizer 2 times.

[0032] According to the amount of fertilizer required by the system, this application can flexibly combine and match appropriate metering tubes for continuous fertilizer addition to achieve efficient and accurate metering of the required fertilizer and achieve the purpose of quantitative fertilizer addition. Compared with traditional mechanical devices, this device avoids the problem that the amount of fertilizer exported within a fixed time deviates greatly from the required amount of fertilizer due to mechanical wear and cannot be quantitatively weighed. According to different application scenarios, the minimum metering unit of the device can be set and adjusted to change the amount of fertilizer added to meet diverse fertilization needs.

[0033] In addition, it should be noted that the four-blade structure of the horizontal turbine 8 can also correspond to four metering tube inlets. When the fertilizer is measured by the metering tube and needs to be exported, the controller can control the stepper motor 18 to drive the horizontal turbine 8 to rotate a specific angle, so that the turbine blades can cover the inlets of each metering tube to replace the valve 29.

[0034] Embodiment 2: See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6, based on the first embodiment, optionally, a filling control bin 3 is provided between the metering bin 20 and the fertilizer inlet 2, a broken arch knife steering shaft 4 is provided in the filling control bin 3, and a first broken arch knife group 5, a second broken arch knife group 6 and a third broken arch knife group 7 are evenly spaced on the broken arch knife steering shaft 4; The lower end of the arch-breaking knife steering shaft 4 is rotatably mounted on the horizontal turbine base 9 and driven by a servo motor 17 , and the arch-breaking knife steering shaft 4 is coaxial with the steering shaft of the horizontal turbine 8 .

[0035] Specifically, the first arch-breaking knife group 5, the second arch-breaking knife group 6 and the third arch-breaking knife group 7 are sequentially installed on the arch-breaking knife steering shaft 4 from top to bottom, and each arch-breaking knife group is provided with four blades, which are evenly spaced around the arch-breaking knife steering shaft 4 at an angle of 90°. The servo motor 17 is installed on the lower end surface of the horizontal turbine base 9, and the arch-breaking knife deployed on the steering shaft rotates under the drive of the servo motor 17, forming a reasonable cutting and crushing path. Each group of blades is fixedly installed on the arch-breaking knife steering shaft 4 at different angles, which can crush granular fertilizers of different particle sizes and agglomeration degrees layer by layer, so that the size of the fertilizer particles is more uniform, ensuring the consistency and uniformity of the fertilizer filling density in the metering tube, and then the fertilizer quality will be more accurate through volume measurement. At the same time, the arch-breaking knife steering shaft 4 and the horizontal turbine steering shaft are on the same axis and do not affect each other's movement state. The rotation speed of the arch-breaking knife group and the horizontal turbine 8 are respectively regulated by the servo motor 17 and the stepper motor 18 arranged on the horizontal turbine base 9. The rotation of the arch-breaking knife group and the horizontal turbine 8 will produce a certain vibration effect. Under the action of gravity, the fertilizer in the metering tube will be filled downward, and the filling of the fertilizer will be more uniform under the action of vibration.

[0036] Embodiment three: See also Figure 2 and Figure 5 , based on the above embodiment, optionally, the four metering tubes are respectively a first metering tube 21, a second metering tube 22, a third metering tube 23 and a fourth metering tube 24; The horizontal turbine base 9 is provided with a first metering pipe inlet 10 , a second metering pipe inlet 11 , a third metering pipe inlet 12 and a fourth metering pipe inlet 13 corresponding to the four metering pipes.

[0037] Optionally, the diameter of the first metering tube 21 is smaller than the diameter of the second metering tube 22 , the diameter of the second metering tube 22 is smaller than the diameter of the third metering tube 23 , and the diameter of the third metering tube 23 is smaller than the diameter of the fourth metering tube 24 .

[0038] Specifically, in order to ensure the continuity of the fertilization process, and considering that the derived fertilizer needs time to fully dissolve, the diameter of each metering tube can be changed to set it into fertilizer metering units of different specifications, so that the first metering tube 21 can measure n fertilizers, the second metering tube 22 can measure 2n fertilizers, the third metering tube 23 can measure 3n fertilizers, and the fourth metering tube 24 can measure 6n fertilizers. Considering the density difference of different types of fertilizers, the corresponding fertilizer mass of different types of fertilizers when filling each metering unit is determined according to experiments, and the data is stored in the controller, so that the device can be applied to the use of different types of fertilizers. Due to the different diameters of the metering tube inlets, the filling speeds of the metering tubes are also different.

[0039] When the device is actually used, the fertilization process can be dynamically adjusted according to the amount of fertilizer required by the system. When the amount of fertilizer required by the system is small, the device can use a large-metering metering tube to repeatedly add fertilizer to quickly reach near the required amount of fertilizer, and use a small-metering metering tube to supplement the remaining fertilizer. For example, when the amount of fertilizer required by the system is 13n, if the concentration of the configured fertilizer solution is low, the added fertilizer can be quickly and fully dissolved, and the fourth metering tube 24 with a fertilizer amount of 6n can be used for fertilizer addition alone, and the other metering tubes are not used for fertilizer addition. The device can export the required fertilizer according to the fertilization process of 6n→6n→n, and the fertilization process is simpler; when the amount of fertilizer required by the system is large, the continuity of the fertilization process should be ensured, and the required fertilizer should be exported intermittently to avoid adding the required fertilizer at one time, which will result in the fertilizer not being able to be quickly and fully dissolved. The required amount of fertilizer can be quickly reached according to the fertilization cycle of n→(n, 2n)→(n, 3n)→(n, 2n)→n→(n, 2n, 3n, 6n), and the remaining fertilizer can be supplemented with a small-volume metering tube. When the amount of fertilizer required by the system is 125n, the device starts to run, the horizontal turbine 8 runs, and the metering tubes are continuously filled. From the fertilizer adding moment, the fertilizer adding process of each metering unit is: n→(n, 2n)→(n, 3n)→(n, 2n)→n→(n, 2n, 3n, 6n). This process is counted as a fertilizer adding cycle. The device can export 24n of fertilizer in one cycle. The device runs five fertilizer adding cycles and can export 120n of fertilizer, which quickly approaches the required amount of fertilizer. At this time, there are 5n of fertilizer left in the system. The device then exports the remaining fertilizer according to the fertilizer adding process of n→(n, 2n)→n. This device should set the number of metering units according to the needs of the actual application scenario, and dynamically adjust the fertilizer amount of the smallest metering unit of the device to meet the minimum resolution of the fertilizer adding amount required by the system and meet the magnitude of fertilizer adding required by the system. At the same time, it can also achieve efficient, fast and accurate fertilizer adding.

[0040] After the quantitative fertilizer adding device accurately weighs and outputs the required fertilizer, the controller controls each actuator to continue to operate and outputs the remaining fertilizer in the device out of the device to prevent the fertilizer from corroding the device for a long time inside the device. After the remaining fertilizer in the device is output, the device stops running.

[0041] Embodiment 4: See also Figure 1 Based on the above embodiment, optionally, a conical fertilizer collecting nozzle 27 is provided between the metering bin 20 and the fertilizer outlet 28 .

[0042] Specifically, the fertilizer after quantitative weighing can be introduced into the fertilizer outlet 28 through the fertilizer collection nozzle 27. The conical structure is used to help reduce the possibility of fertilizer particles accumulating and clogging at the fertilizer collection nozzle. Since the cone shape is gradually contracted, the fertilizer particles will be subjected to a squeezing force toward the center when passing through the fertilizer collection nozzle, so that the arrangement between the particles is more compact and orderly, and it is not easy to get stuck or bridge each other, thereby ensuring that the fertilizer can flow out continuously and stably. The smooth, conical fertilizer collection nozzle 27 can effectively gather the fertilizer scattered around, so that the fertilizer forms a concentrated flow beam at the outlet, improving the fertilizer fertilization effect in a specific area.

[0043] Optionally, four installation openings 15 are opened on the top of the metering bin 20 along the circumferential direction, and the photoelectric sensors 16 are fixed in the installation openings 15 .

[0044] Specifically, the installation opening 15 provides an accurate and stable installation position for the photoelectric sensor 16, ensuring that the photoelectric sensor 16 can be accurately installed at the predetermined position, so that it can work normally and accurately detect the overflow of fertilizer from the metering tube. At the same time, with the special installation opening 15, it is more convenient to install the photoelectric sensor 16. The staff can directly put the photoelectric sensor 16 into the installation opening 15 and fix it, without the need for additional complicated positioning and installation operations.

[0045] Optionally, four embedding openings 25 are opened along the circumferential direction below the metering bin 20 , and the push-pull electromagnets 26 are fixed in the embedding openings 25 .

[0046] Specifically, the embedding opening 25 provides an accurate and stable installation position for the push-pull electromagnet 26, ensuring that the push-pull electromagnet 26 can be accurately installed at the predetermined position, so that it can work normally and conveniently open and close the lower end of the metering tube. At the same time, with the special embedding opening 25, it is more convenient to install the push-pull electromagnet 26. The staff can directly put the push-pull electromagnet 26 into the embedding opening 25 and fix it, without the need for additional complicated positioning and installation operations.

[0047] Embodiment five: See also Figure 7, a control method of a conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device, comprising the steps of: S1, upon receiving the operation command, controls the stepper motor to operate at a target speed to drive the horizontal turbine to push the fertilizer particles on the horizontal turbine base into the four metering tubes; Specifically, the controller can be triggered to generate an operation instruction by a start button. When receiving the operation instruction, the controller controls the stepper motor to run at a target speed, which is determined based on the physical properties of the fertilizer (such as particle size, density, fluidity, etc.), the required fertilizer addition speed, and the volume of the metering tube. For example, for granular fertilizers with good fluidity, the target speed can be set relatively high; while for fertilizers with greater viscosity, the target speed needs to be lowered to ensure that the fertilizer can enter the metering tube evenly. The stepper motor drives the horizontal turbine to rotate so that the fertilizer on the horizontal turbine base is pushed into the four metering tubes.

[0048] S2, when a jump signal generated by a photoelectric sensor disposed on one side of the upper end of the target metering tube is detected, the pushing of materials to the target metering tube is stopped, and the target push-pull electromagnet corresponding to the target metering tube is controlled to open and maintain the first target time length, so that the fertilizer particles in the target metering tube can be led out, wherein the target metering tube is selected in the order of small to large volume or from large to small volume; Specifically, the four metering tubes correspond to four photoelectric sensors and four push-pull electromagnets. When fertilizer overflows from the upper end of the target metering tube, it will block the light of the sensor, triggering the sensor to generate a jump signal, which serves as a sign that the metering tube is full. The photoelectric sensor inputs the signal into the controller, and after receiving the signal, the controller sends a stop command to the stepper motor to control the horizontal turbine to stop rotating, thereby stopping the pushing of the material. After receiving the command to stop the stepper motor, the controller sends an open command to the target push-pull electromagnet, and the push-pull electromagnet retracts, thereby opening the lower end outlet of the target metering tube.

[0049] The first target time is determined based on factors such as the volume of the target metering tube, the fluidity of the fertilizer particles, and the discharge speed. The first target time is set to determine whether the fertilizer in the tube is completely emptied. When the target push-pull electromagnet opening time is less than the first target time, the fertilizer in the target metering tube cannot be completely emptied. When the target push-pull electromagnet is opened to the first target time, it can be guaranteed that the fertilizer in the tube is completely emptied.

[0050] The target metering tube is selected in the order of volume from small to large or from large to small. When the required amount of fertilizer is small, the device can use a large metering tube to repeatedly add fertilizer to quickly reach the required amount of fertilizer, and use a small metering tube to supplement the remaining fertilizer, so as to improve the metering efficiency; when the required amount of fertilizer is large, the target metering tube is selected in the order of volume from small to large, and the fertilizer amount can be gradually accumulated in small units. The amount of fertilizer exported by the small volume metering tube each time is relatively small, which is convenient for more accurate control of the fertilization process. In the case of large fertilizer demand, starting from a smaller metering tube, it can be continuously adjusted and confirmed during the fertilization process, reducing the risk of excessive fertilization due to the one-time use of a large metering tube, and ensuring that the final amount of fertilizer is closer to the required accurate value. In this way, the fertilization can be dynamically adjusted according to the amount of fertilizer required by the system to achieve accurate weighing.

[0051] S3, after the first target time interval, control the target push-pull electromagnet to reset to close the lower end of the target metering tube, and repeat the above steps until the number of openings of the lower end of each target metering tube meets the target number, which is based on the feed amount and the volume of the target metering tube.

[0052] Specifically, after the target push-pull electromagnet is opened for the first target time, the fertilizer in the target metering tube is completely emptied. At this time, the controller sends a reset command to the drive circuit of the target push-pull electromagnet, and the push-pull electromagnet is powered off, reset, and extended to close the lower end of the target metering tube.

[0053] The number of times the lower end of each target metering tube is opened meets the target number, and the target number is determined based on the feed amount and the volume of the target metering tube. According to the amount of fertilizer required by the system, different feed amounts are allocated to each target metering tube. The volume of each target metering tube is fixed, and the number of times each target metering tube is opened is determined by the feed amount and the volume of each target metering tube. For example, the volumes of the four target metering tubes are set to 1n, 2n, 3n and 6n from small to large, and the feed amount is 24n. When the fourth fertilizer metering tube is filled and the fertilizer in the tube is exported, the metering tube with a volume of 1n has stored fertilizer 6 times, the metering tube with a volume of 2n has stored fertilizer 3 times, and the metering tube with a volume of 3n has stored fertilizer 2 times. The target number of times the lower end of each target metering tube is opened is 6, 3, 2, and 1.

[0054] The controller sets a counter in the internal memory to record the number of times the lower end of the target metering tube is opened. Each time the control electromagnet is opened and reset, the counter value is automatically increased by 1. By updating the counter value in real time, the controller can accurately understand the current progress of fertilizer addition.

[0055] Optionally, before controlling the target push-pull electromagnet corresponding to the target metering tube to open and maintain the first target time length in step S2, the method further includes: S21, after the pushing action stops, the valve installed at the upper end of the target metering tube is controlled to close and maintain the second target time length to prevent unmetered fertilizer particles from entering the target metering tube.

[0056] Specifically, after the pushing action stops, the controller sends a closing command to the target valve at the upper end of the target metering tube to control the upper end of the target metering tube to close, thereby preventing unmeasured fertilizer particles from entering the target metering tube and causing inaccurate weighing. When the valve is closed, the target push-pull electromagnet corresponding to the target metering tube is also opened to facilitate unloading.

[0057] The second target duration is determined according to the first target duration and should be slightly longer than the first target duration, thereby ensuring that unmeasured fertilizer particles cannot enter the target metering tube, thereby improving the accuracy of weighing.

[0058] Optionally, step S3 includes: S31, after the second target time interval, controlling the target valve to reset to open the upper end of the target metering tube, and repeating the above steps until the closing times of the upper ends of the target metering tubes meet the target times.

[0059] Specifically, the action of the target valve is opposite to that of the target push-pull electromagnet. When the target valve is closed, the target push-pull electromagnet is opened, and when the target push-pull electromagnet is closed, the target valve is opened, so that the upper and lower ends of the target metering tube are in opposite states, so that the bottom of the target metering tube does not leak during feeding, and unmetered fertilizer particles cannot enter during unloading. Among them, the closing times of the upper end of the target metering tube are consistent with the opening times of its lower end.

[0060] It should be noted that structures and / or installation methods not described in detail in this application are known to those skilled in the art in combination with common knowledge and / or prior art, and are not the focus of disclosure in this application and will not be further elaborated herein.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present application; the dimensions of the drawings are not related to the specific objects, and the dimensions of the objects can be changed arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device, comprising a fertilizer inlet (2), a fertilizer outlet (28) and a controller, characterized in that: The conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device also includes: A metering bin (20) is disposed between the fertilizer inlet (2) and the fertilizer outlet (28); A horizontal turbine (8) is disposed at the top of the metering bin (20) and is driven by a stepping motor (18); A horizontal turbine base (9) is arranged at the lower part of the horizontal turbine (8), and four metering tubes with different diameters but the same height are arranged at the lower end thereof, a photoelectric sensor (16) is arranged on one side of the upper end of each metering tube, a push-pull electromagnet (26) is arranged on the lower end of each metering tube, and a valve (29) is installed at the upper inlet of each metering tube; The stepper motor (18) drives the horizontal turbine (8) to rotate intermittently around its own axis, so that the fertilizer particles on the horizontal turbine base (9) are pushed into the corresponding metering tube.

2. The conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filling control chamber (3) is provided between the metering chamber (20) and the fertilizer inlet (2), and a breaker blade steering shaft (4) is provided in the filling control chamber (3). A first breaker blade group (5), a second breaker blade group (6) and a third breaker blade group (7) are mounted on the breaker blade steering shaft (4) at equal intervals. The lower end of the arch-breaking knife steering shaft (4) is rotatably mounted on the horizontal turbine base (9) and driven by a servo motor (17), and the arch-breaking knife steering shaft (4) is coaxial with the steering shaft of the horizontal turbine (8).

3. The conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four metering tubes are respectively a first metering tube (21), a second metering tube (22), a third metering tube (23) and a fourth metering tube (24); Wherein, a first metering pipe inlet (10), a second metering pipe inlet (11), a third metering pipe inlet (12) and a fourth metering pipe inlet (13) corresponding to the four metering pipes are provided on the horizontal turbine base (9).

4. The conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the first metering tube (21) is smaller than the diameter of the second metering tube (22), the diameter of the second metering tube (22) is smaller than the diameter of the third metering tube (23), and the diameter of the third metering tube (23) is smaller than the diameter of the fourth metering tube (24).

5. The conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical fertilizer collecting nozzle (27) is provided between the metering bin (20) and the fertilizer outlet (28).

6. The conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: Four installation openings (15) are provided above the metering bin (20) along a circumferential direction, and the photoelectric sensors (16) are fixed in the installation openings (15).

7. The conical multi-stage volumetric quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Four embedding openings (25) are provided below the metering bin (20) along a circumferential direction, and push-pull type electromagnets (26) are fixed in the embedding openings (25).

8. The control method of the conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1, upon receiving the operation command, controls the stepper motor to operate at a target speed to drive the horizontal turbine to push the fertilizer particles on the horizontal turbine base into the four metering tubes; S2, when a jump signal generated by a photoelectric sensor disposed on one side of the upper end of the target metering tube is detected, the pushing of materials to the target metering tube is stopped, and the target push-pull electromagnet corresponding to the target metering tube is controlled to open and maintain the first target time length, so that the fertilizer particles in the target metering tube can be led out, wherein the target metering tube is selected in the order of small to large volume or from large to small volume; S3, after the first target time interval, control the target push-pull electromagnet to reset to close the lower end of the target metering tube, and repeat the above steps until the number of openings of the lower end of each target metering tube meets the target number, which is based on the feed amount and the volume of the target metering tube.

9. The control method of the conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before controlling the target push-pull electromagnet corresponding to the target metering tube to open and maintain the first target time length in step S2, the method further includes: S21, after the pushing action stops, the target valve installed at the upper end of the target metering tube is controlled to close and maintain a second target time length to prevent unmetered fertilizer particles from entering the target metering tube.

10. The control method of the conical multi-stage volume metering quantitative fertilizer adding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S3 includes: S31, after the second target time interval, controlling the target valve to reset to open the upper end of the target metering tube, and repeating the above steps until the closing times of the upper ends of the target metering tubes meet the target times.

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