Energy-saving double-roller type self-adaptive crushing device, crushing method and detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving double-roller type self-adaptive crushing device which is characterized in that two crushing shafts which are horizontally arranged are arranged in a crushing shell, a plurality of groups of crushing teeth are arranged on the peripheries of the crushing shafts at intervals, the adjacent crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts are axially and mutually staggered, and the radial opposite area of the two crushing shafts is a first crushing area; the area between the crushing shaft and the crushing shell is a second crushing area, a rebound area is arranged on the lower portion in the crushing shell, after materials to be crushed pass through the first crushing area, part of crushed objects enter the rebound area to be rebounded, and the rebounded crushed objects enter the second crushing area from the inlet end of the second crushing area. The invention further discloses a crushing method and a detection method using the energy-saving double-roller type self-adaptive crushing device. Compared with the prior art, according to the technical scheme, the crushed objects meet the corresponding size requirements, and the crushing efficiency of the target product can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of non-metallic material crushing, and in particular to an energy-saving double-roller self-adaptive crushing device. Background Art

[0002] Silica crystal stone is a natural or processed stone material. Due to its beautiful appearance, it is widely used in decoration and furnishing materials.

[0003] The main component of silica spar is silicon dioxide, which has a relatively high hardness and is one of the more common high-hardness minerals in nature. In actual decoration applications, silica spar with smaller particle size is usually used, while the silica spar after mining is larger in size, so it needs to go through the corresponding crushing process to achieve the overall crushing and size reduction of the raw materials, which is convenient for transportation and subsequent applications.

[0004] In actual production, a double-roll crushing device is used to crush large-sized silicon crystals. Two crushing shafts are usually arranged inside the double-roll crushing device, and the raw materials are squeezed and cut by the two horizontally arranged crushing shafts to achieve the crushing of the raw materials.

[0005] In actual production applications, the silicon crystal is squeezed and crushed by two crushing shafts set in the middle. Although it can realize the small size of raw materials or the crushing of some materials, the actual working crushing area of ​​the double-roll crushing device is mainly concentrated between the double-roll shafts at the top. Other parts of the entire crushing device, such as the sides and the bottom, do not actually contribute to the crushing work in the actual production crushing process. After the initial crushing of the raw materials, some materials may still be large in size and need to be crushed repeatedly, which ultimately leads to low overall crushing efficiency and the need to consume a lot of electricity. At the same time, the traditional double-roll crushing device can only realize the simple work of crushing materials, and lacks the detection of the actual working process and the particle size detection of the crushed objects. The overall device is not intelligent enough and the work efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device, a crushing method and a detection method, so as to make the crushed objects meet the corresponding size requirements and improve the crushing efficiency of the target product.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes an energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device, including a crushing shell, two horizontally arranged crushing shafts are arranged inside the crushing shell, a plurality of groups of crushing teeth are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the crushing shafts, the adjacent crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts are axially staggered with each other, the radially opposite areas of the two crushing shafts are the first crushing area, the area between the crushing shafts and the crushing shell is the second crushing area, and a rebound area is provided at the lower part of the crushing shell. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area, part of the crushed material enters the rebound area and is rebounded, and the crushed material that has rebounded enters the second crushing area from the inlet end of the second crushing area.

[0008] Preferably, the two crushing shafts rotate in opposite directions, and the crushed objects tend to move downward after passing through the first crushing area. Part of the crushed objects moves downward to the rebound area under the centrifugal force of the crushing shafts. The rebound area includes a plurality of support plates which are connected in sequence and arranged along the inner curved surface of the crushing shell. The curved surface center of a single support plate or the curved surface center of a plurality of support plates is located at the inlet end of the second crushing area.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of longitudinal grooves are provided at intervals on the side surface of the crushing shell, and side crushing teeth are provided between two adjacent longitudinal grooves. The objects to be crushed passing through the second crushing area come into contact with the side crushing teeth, and the crushing teeth and the side crushing teeth interact with each other to perform secondary crushing on the objects to be crushed.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing tooth comprises a mounting seat and a crushing tooth body arranged on the outer surface of the crushing shaft, and the plugging direction of the crushing tooth body and the mounting seat is perpendicular to the rotation tangent direction of the crushing shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a top crushing body is provided at the top of the crushing tooth body, a middle inclined surface is provided in the middle of the crushing tooth body, a number of side crushing bodies are provided at intervals on the middle inclined surface, and the top crushing body and the side crushing bodies form a crushing grid structure with a spatial layout; the side crushing tooth includes a bottom plane, a side inclined surface and a middle cutting channel, and the middle cutting channel is a channel that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the support plate is an elastic material layer, and the bottom of the support plate is connected to and elastically supported by the crushing shell through an elastomer.

[0013] Preferably, two symmetrical screening cages are provided at the bottom of the crushing shell, and a plurality of screening holes are provided on the surface of the screening cages. The top surface of the screening cages is a curved surface and is adapted to the transition setting with the inner side surface of the crushing shell, wherein the top surface of the screening cage on one side is inclined toward the screening cage on the other side.

[0014] Preferably, a lifting push rod is provided at the bottom of the screening cage, and a pressure sensor is provided between the connecting position of the lifting push rod and the screening cage.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a crushing method using the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step S11: The material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the two crushing shafts by the material conveyor belt, and the two crushing shafts rotating relative to each other squeeze and shear the material to be crushed. After passing through the first crushing area, part of the crushed material moves directly downward, while part of the crushed material moves in an inclined direction toward the support plate, and the crushed material rebounds against the surface of the support plate, and the rebounded crushed material enters the second crushing area;

[0017] Step S22: The surface of the crushing shell is provided with side crushing teeth, and when the crushed objects elastically rebounded by the support plate can be supported and positioned with the bottom plane of the side crushing teeth, the crushing teeth move toward the middle cutting channel of the side crushing teeth to shear and crush the crushed objects;

[0018] Step S33: During the crushing process of the crushing teeth, the front end of the crushing teeth is first clamped and positioned on the surface of the crushing object, and the top crushing body and the side crushing body on the surface of the crushing teeth form a crushing grid structure with a spatial layout. The crushing grid structure can pressurize the crushing object and crush it into particles of smaller size.

[0019] Step S44: the top surface crushing body of the crushing tooth surface is a concave structure, and the direction of the force acting on the contact point with the object to be crushed is continuously changed during the crushing process of the object to be crushed;

[0020] Step S55: The crushed objects that have undergone secondary crushing in the second crushing area move downward along the longitudinal groove and fall into the top of the screening cage at the bottom. When the screening cage is pushed upward or downward by the lifting push rod at the bottom, the top surface of the rising screening cage is an inclined surface, which pushes the crushed objects to move toward the screening cage on the other side. The crushed objects that are smaller than the screening holes on the surface of the screening cage can move downward through the corresponding screening holes.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a detection method using the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step S101: The material to be crushed is transported to the top of the first crushing area by the material conveyor belt. Through the relative rotation of the two crushing shafts, part of the crushed material will directly fall to the top of the left and right screening cages, and part of the crushed material will move to the surface of the support plate along the tangential direction of the rotation of the crushing teeth and rebound through the support plate;

[0023] Step S102: After the first time, the crushed objects falling on the surfaces of the left and right screening cages will gradually increase, and the crushed objects can gradually flow downward through the screening holes of the top plate of the screening cages. After the first time, the weight of the crushed objects retained on the top is detected by the pressure sensors corresponding to the two screening cages. If it is detected that the weight of the retained crushed objects is not within the first weight range, it is necessary to adjust the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt and the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts to adjust the weight of the crushed objects retained on the top of the two screening cages.

[0024] Step S103: If the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is less than the minimum value of the calibrated first weight interval, it is determined that the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is too small and is not in the optimal crushing device, and then the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts are detected. If the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts are the same, the crushing speeds of the two crushing shafts are increased to speed up the crushing speeds; if the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts are different, the rotation speed of the crushing shaft with a low rotation speed is adjusted to the rotation speed of the crushing shaft with a high rotation speed;

[0025] Step S104: after the second time has passed, the weight change of the tops of the two screening cages is detected by two pressure sensors. If the weight of the crushed objects on the tops of the screening cages is within the first weight range, the speed of the two crushing shafts is kept at a stable speed.

[0026] Step S105: if the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the calibrated first weight interval, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced so that the amount of the objects to be crushed entering the first crushing area is reduced; if the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the calibrated first weight interval, and the difference is greater than the first threshold, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced according to a constant deceleration, so that the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is gradually reduced to the target conveying speed, and the objects to be crushed are continuously conveyed at the target conveying speed;

[0027] Step S106: the crushed objects rebounding through the support plate enter the second crushing area, and the crushing teeth of the crushing shaft and the side crushing teeth perform secondary crushing on the crushed objects in the second crushing area; after the third time, the lifting push rod moves upward to push the left screening cage upward. During the upward movement of the left screening cage, when the pressure sensor on the left detects that the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the left screening cage is greater than the second weight interval, it is necessary to mark the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the left screening cage as overweight, and make the first mark;

[0028] Step S107: After the fourth time, the screening cage is pushed upward again by the lifting push rod, and the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is detected again by the pressure sensor. If the weight of the crushed objects detected this time still exceeds the second weight interval, it is marked as the second time, and the weight of the same screening cage is detected with the fourth time as the time interval. If the weight is exceeded for N consecutive detections, it is determined that the crushing teeth on the left surface of the crushing shaft are worn or defective, and an alarm is issued through the corresponding reminder device;

[0029] Step S108: If during the N consecutive detections, a weight detection is lower than the minimum value of the second weight interval, the number of consecutive detections that have been detected in the same detection cycle will be cleared, and the weight detection process needs to be re-detected and the number of times accumulated.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0031] The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device of the technical solution of the present invention has two horizontally arranged crushing shafts inside the crushing shell, and a plurality of groups of crushing teeth are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the crushing shafts. The adjacent crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts are axially staggered with each other. The radially opposite areas of the two crushing shafts are the first crushing areas, and the area between the crushing shafts and the crushing shell is the second crushing area. A rebound area is provided at the lower part of the crushing shell. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area, part of the crushed material enters the rebound area and is rebounded, and the crushed material that has rebounded enters the second crushing area from the inlet end of the second crushing area. The crushed material passes through different crushing areas for crushing processing, and the crushed material better meets the corresponding size requirements, and the crushing efficiency of the entire crushing device is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the energy-saving double-roller self-adaptive crushing device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crushing shaft of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy-saving double-roller self-adaptive crushing device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rebound area structure of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the crushing shaft of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the plug-in connection method of the crushing tooth body and the mounting seat of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection method between the crushing tooth body and the mounting seat of other embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0041] 1. Crushing shell; 101. Top opening; 102. Bottom opening; 103. Protruding area; 104. Side crushing teeth; 1041. Bottom plane; 1042. Side inclined surface; 2. Crushing shaft; 3. Bearing seat; 4. Pulley transmission mechanism; 401. Pulley; 5. Crushing teeth; 51. Concave arc; 52. Front end position; 53. Mounting seat; 531. Labyrinth slot; 532. Entering the initial stage; 533. Intermediate transition stage; 534. Positioning the final stage ; 54. Crushing tooth body; 541. Insert column; 542. Top crushing body; 543. Middle inclined surface; 544. Side crushing body; 55. Groove; 56. Insert tooth; 57. Slot; 6. First crushing area; 7. Second crushing area; 8. Rebound area; 9. Support plate; 10. Elastomer; 11. Center axis; 12. Baffle; 13. Screening cage; 131. Screening hole; 132. Top plate; 133. Side plate; 14. Lifting push rod; 15. Pressure sensor.

[0042] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The invention provides an energy-saving double-roller self-adaptive crushing device.

[0045] See also Figure 1The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a crushing shell 1, wherein the crushing shell 1 is a structure with a top opening 101 at the top and a bottom opening 102 at the bottom, and the object to be crushed (such as silicon crystal stone) enters the interior of the crushing shell 1 from the top opening 101 for crushing, and moves out through the bottom opening 102 of the crushing shell 1.

[0046] Two crushing shafts 2 are arranged horizontally inside the crushing shell 1. The two ends of the two crushing shafts 2 pass through the crushing shell 1 and are connected to the external bearing seat 3, and the outer ends of the two crushing shafts 2 are respectively connected to pulleys 401, and the crushing shafts 2 are driven by corresponding pulley transmission mechanisms 4. Since the pulley transmission mechanism 4 in the prior art is a relatively conventional technical means, it will not be described in detail here. In order to better realize the transmission of the two crushing shafts 2, one of the crushing shafts 2 passes through the crushing shell 1 and is connected to the pulley 401 on one side of the crushing shell 1, and the other crushing shaft 2 passes through the crushing shell 1 in another direction and is connected to the pulley 401 on the other side. When the layout is carried out in the actual production site, the two pulley transmission mechanisms 4 are respectively located on both sides and are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the crushing device as a whole is more compact, and the corresponding transmission mechanism layout is more reasonable and flexible.

[0047] See also Figure 2 , the outer periphery of the crushing shaft 2 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a plurality of groups of crushing teeth 5 arranged at intervals, and the radially adjacent crushing teeth arranged on the outer peripheries of the two crushing shafts 2 are staggered. Specifically, the outer periphery of one crushing shaft 2 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with N groups of crushing teeth 5, and the outer periphery of the other crushing shaft 2 is provided with M groups of crushing teeth 5, and in actual production and application, the number of N and M may be the same or different. The crushing teeth 5 arranged on the outer peripheries of the two crushing shafts 2 are arranged crosswise in layout, which can facilitate the setting of the crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts 2, and the gap between the two axially adjacent groups of crushing teeth 2 is the actual action site for crushing the object to be crushed.

[0048] See also Figure 3 In the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device of the embodiment of the present invention, the radially opposite area of ​​the two adjacent crushing shafts 2 is the first crushing area 6, and the area between the crushing shaft 2 and the crushing shell 1 is the second crushing area 7. In addition, a rebound area 8 is provided at the lower part of the inner part of the crushing shell 1. After the crushed objects pass through the first crushing area 6, part of the crushed objects moves downward, while the other part of the crushed objects enters the rebound area 8 and is rebounded, and passes through the rebound area 8 and rebounds to the inlet end position of the second crushing area 7, thereby entering the second crushing area 7 and being crushed again.

[0049] Preferably, the two crushing shafts 2 of the embodiment of the present invention rotate in opposite directions, that is, one crushing shaft 2 rotates clockwise, and the other crushing shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise. Figure 3 The crushing shaft 2 on the left side rotates clockwise, while the crushing shaft 2 on the right side rotates counterclockwise. In order to enable the objects to be crushed to move downward, the two crushing shafts 2 of the embodiment of the present invention rotate downward, so that after the objects to be crushed enter the first crushing area 6, they can be simultaneously subjected to the downward movement force of the two crushing shafts 2, so that the objects to be crushed are subjected to the downward pulling force, and have a tendency to move downward.

[0050] When the object to be crushed enters the first crushing area 6 between the two crushing shafts 2 from top to bottom, the two crushing shafts 6 are rotating at high speed at this time, and a number of crushing teeth 5 in the same group form a rotating cutting space (or an outer contour formed by the crushing teeth during the rotation process) during the rotation process, and the cutting spaces of the two radially adjacent crushing shafts 2 do not intersect, and there is a certain gap between the two. During the design stage, the designers can reasonably design the outer contour of the crushing teeth 5 and use the boundary of the cutting space of the two crushing shafts 2 to punch and crush the object to be crushed or achieve relative shear, so that the object to be crushed can be cut from large size to small size particles.

[0051] See also Figure 3 Preferably, since the crushing tooth 5 of the embodiment of the present invention has a certain concave curvature 51, when the front end position 52 of the crushing tooth 5 just contacts with the object to be crushed, the front end position 52 of the crushing tooth 5 is quickly inserted into the surface and the inside of the object to be crushed. It can be imagined that the front ends of the two crushing teeth 5 radially opposite to each other on the two crushing shafts 2 are respectively inserted into the inside of the object to be crushed. During the actual crushing process of the object to be crushed, the object to be crushed is not easy to shift and the object to be crushed is initially positioned. In addition, the middle of the crushing tooth 5 has a concave curvature 51, and as the crushing shaft 2 rotates continuously, the internal structure edge of the concave curvature 51 can contact and crush different positions of the object to be crushed. The cutting method of the embodiment of the present invention is different from the prior art that simply uses crushing teeth with straight edges. The crushing tooth 5 with the concave curvature 51 can continuously rotate, and the contact position of the internal structure of the concave curvature 51 with the object to be crushed and the cutting angle can also be continuously changed, which greatly avoids the problem that the crushing teeth with straight edges in the prior art cannot achieve angle changes and easily cause the two radially adjacent crushing teeth 5 to clamp the object to be crushed. Compared with the prior art, the crushing tooth 5 of the embodiment of the present invention can crush the object with a smaller shear force, so as to achieve a more efficient cutting effect on the silicon crystal stone to be crushed.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present invention, after the two radially adjacent crushing teeth 5 are driven to rotate by the crushing shaft 2 with opposite rotation directions, not only can the crushed objects be pushed downward, but also the crushing teeth 5 with the concave arc 51 can push the objects to be crushed to move downward along the circumferential direction of the rotation of the cutting space. Therefore, part of the crushed objects can move downward along the circumferential direction and impact the inner surface of the crushing shell 1. In the prior art, the reuse of this impact energy is often ignored, and no corresponding rebound structure is provided. In the embodiment of the present invention, a corresponding rebound area 8 is provided at the lower part of the interior of the crushing shell 1, and the rebound area 8 includes a plurality of support plates 9 that are connected in sequence and provided along the inner curved surface of the crushing shell 1. At the same time, the curved surface center of the support plate 9 of the present invention points to the entrance position of the second crushing area 7. Figure 3 In the dotted line path shown, the rebound area 8 on the left can rebound part of the crushed objects to the entrance position of the second crushing area 7 on the right. Similarly, the rebound area 8 on the right can rebound part of the crushed objects to the entrance position of the second crushing area 7 on the left.

[0053] As described above, after the objects to be crushed are crushed by the crushing teeth 5 located in the first crushing area 6, part of the crushed objects move along the bottom of the crushing shaft 2, while another part of the crushed objects move downward to the surface of the support plate 9 in the rebound area 8 due to the centrifugal force, and the support plate 9 on the surface of the rebound area 8 can rebound the crushed objects, and the crushed objects that have rebounded can enter the second crushing area 7 for a second crushing.

[0054] Preferably, the support plate 9 of the embodiment of the present invention may be made of a hard metal material layer or an elastic material layer on its surface facing the inside of the crushing shell 1, and the crushed objects moving toward the support plate 9 may contact the surface of the support plate 9 and thus collide with it, and since the bottom of the support plate 9 is connected to the crushing shell 1 and elastically supported by the elastic body 10, in actual application, the crushed objects of larger size may be rebounded by the support plate 9 that moves periodically or continuously and be rebounded into the inside of the second crushing area 7.

[0055] In addition, the elastomer 10 can adopt a spring structure, one end of the spring structure is connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 9, and the other end of the spring structure is fixedly connected to the crushing shell 1, such as by welding, or a corresponding mounting hole is provided inside the crushing shell 1, and the end of the spring structure is inserted into the mounting hole.

[0056] In other embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 4, or the elastic body 10 may include a central shaft 11, one end of which is hingedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 9, and one end of the central shaft 11 passes through the wall plate of the crushing shell 1 and extends outward, and a spring 12 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the central shaft 11, one end of the spring 12 is supported on the bottom surface of the support plate 9, and the other end of the spring 12 is supported and connected to the crushing shell 1. In addition, the other end of the central shaft 11 is provided with an external thread and a limited nut 13 connected with the thread. By adjusting the threaded connection position of the limited nut 13 and the central shaft 11, the actual effective length of the central shaft 11 can be easily adjusted. After multiple support plates 9 are connected by the connecting structure, they together form a rebound surface with an inner concave structure. The effective length of the central shaft 11 corresponding to the multiple support plates 9 is adaptively adjusted, and it is easier to operate and adjust the different placement angles of different support plates 9.

[0057] The side surface of the crushing shell 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves ( Figure 3 There is no mark on it), and between two adjacent longitudinal grooves there is a convex area 103 convex inwardly, and the surface of the convex area 103 between the two adjacent longitudinal grooves is provided with side crushing teeth 104, and when the object to be crushed passing through the second crushing area 7 contacts with the side crushing teeth 104, the crushing teeth 5 and the side crushing teeth 104 interact with each other to perform secondary crushing on the object to be crushed.

[0058] Specifically, the crushing tooth 5 of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a mounting seat 53 and a crushing tooth body 54 arranged on the outer surface of the crushing shaft 2, wherein the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 are plug-connected, a groove 55 is arranged at the root of the crushing tooth 5, and a plug-in tooth 56 is arranged inside the groove 55, and a slot 57 is arranged on the surface of the mounting seat 53, and the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 are plug-connected by plugging the plug-in tooth 56 and the slot 57. In addition, the mounting seat 53 can be provided with a threaded hole, and the surface of the crushing tooth body 54 is provided with a corresponding mounting hole. After the fastener passes through the corresponding mounting hole, the fastener is threadedly fastened to the mounting seat 53, so that the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 can be conveniently connected. In addition, in the actual application process of the crushing device, the crushing tooth body 54 is used to crush silicon crystal stones with high hardness, and the surface of the crushing tooth 54 has a certain wear. The crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 are arranged in a detachable connection form. After crushing for a certain period of time, only the crushing tooth body 54 that has been severely worn needs to be replaced, which reduces costs and facilitates maintenance.

[0059] Preferably, the plug-in direction of the breaking tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 of the embodiment of the present invention is perpendicular to the rotation tangent direction of the breaking shaft. Specifically, by setting the breaking tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 to be plugged in downward, and the rotation direction of the breaking shaft 2 is downward, the plug-in direction and the rotation tangent direction are perpendicular, so that after the breaking tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 are connected, the breaking tooth body 54 is not easy to separate from the mounting seat 53 during the rotation of the breaking shaft 2.

[0060] See also Figure 6 More preferably, the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 are connected in a plug-in manner, and a plug column 541 is provided inside the crushing tooth body 54, and the mounting seat 53 is provided with a labyrinth slot 531, the labyrinth slot 531 is an entry initial section 532, an intermediate transition section 533 and a positioning end section 534, and the two ends of the intermediate transition section 533 are respectively connected to the entry initial section 532 and the positioning end section 534, wherein the entry initial section 532 can be a straight section or an inclined section, and the distance between the end point of the positioning end 534 and the mounting surface of the mounting seat 53 is the same as the distance between the mounting surface of the crushing tooth body 54 and the center of the plug column 541. Therefore, after the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 are plugged in, the connection relationship between the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting seat 53 can be locked through the labyrinth slot 531, and the crushing process is not easy to loosen.

[0061] In other embodiments of the present invention, a top crushing body 542 is provided at the top of the crushing tooth body 54 of the present invention, a middle inclined surface 543 is provided at the middle of the crushing tooth body 54, and a plurality of side crushing bodies 544 are provided at intervals on the middle inclined surface 543, so that a spatial crushing grid structure can be formed by the top crushing body 542 and the side crushing bodies 544. Since the front cutting part of the crushing tooth 5 of the embodiment of the present invention is a concave structure, and when the front end of the crushing tooth 5 contacts the object to be crushed, it can first anchor the object to be crushed, and as the concave structure of the crushing tooth contacts and crushes the object to be crushed at different positions, a grid structure of the crushing process is formed by the top crushing body 542 and the side crushing bodies 544, and during the contact process between the crushing tooth 5 and the object to be crushed, the crushing grid structure can simultaneously perform synchronous extrusion and segmentation on multiple positions of the object to be crushed, so that the size of the object to be crushed after crushing is more in line with the target size.

[0062] In addition, the side crushing teeth 104 of the embodiment of the present invention include a bottom plane 1041, a side inclined surface 1042 and a middle cutting channel, and the middle cutting channel is a channel that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. When the crushed object is rebounded by the support plate 9 and moves to the second crushing area 7, because it has a tendency to move upward and is supported on the bottom plane 1041 of the side crushing teeth 104, as the crushing teeth 5 continue to rotate, the crushing teeth 5 and the side crushing teeth 104 cooperate with each other to crush the crushed object for the second time, and the crushed object after the second crushing may move directly outward, enter the inside of the longitudinal groove, and then gradually move downward, or the crushed object after the second crushing may move upward along the middle cutting, and then enter the longitudinal groove through the side inclined surface 1042.

[0063] In actual production applications, the crushed materials after secondary crushing may move upward along the rotation direction of the crushing shaft 2. A baffle 12 is arranged on the upper part of the crushing shell 1. The baffle 12 is arranged obliquely, and one side of the baffle 12 is hingedly connected to the crushing shell 1. The baffles 12 on both sides together form a feed port that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, so that the materials to be crushed that just enter the crushing device can be concentrated in the first crushing area 6. The crushed materials after being crushed in the second crushing area 7 may partially move upward. The baffle 12 can block the crushed materials moving upward and fall back into the longitudinal groove, and then gradually move downward. Alternatively, the crushed materials are restricted by the bottom surface of the baffle 12 and gradually move into the first crushing area 6, and are crushed and move downward through the first crushing area 6.

[0064] In order to achieve the size screening of the crushed objects, two screening cages 13 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the crushing shell 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, and a plurality of screening holes 131 are arranged on the surfaces of the two screening cages 13. The screening cages 13 and the crushing shell 1 of the embodiment of the present invention are detachable structures. Therefore, in order to adapt to the screening of crushed objects of different particle sizes, screening cages 13 with different apertures can be selected, and the surfaces of different screening cages 13 are provided with screening holes 131 corresponding to different apertures. The screening cage 13 of this embodiment includes at least a top plate 132 and four side plates 133, and the surfaces of the top plate 132 and the side plates 133 are arranged with screening holes 131. Therefore, the crushed objects after crushing, if the corresponding particle size is less than or equal to the size of the screening hole 131, can pass through the screening holes 131 on the surfaces of the top plate 132 and the four side plates 133 and move downward.

[0065] During the crushing process of the crushing device, after the crushing in the first crushing area 6 and the second crushing area 7, the crushed objects smaller than the screening hole 131 can move downward through the screening holes 131 on the surface of the top plate 132 and the side plate 133, but the crushed objects larger than the screening holes 131 cannot pass through the corresponding screening holes 131. The bottom of the screening hole 131 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a lifting push rod 14. At the same time, the top plate 132 of the screening cage 13 is an inclined surface, the top plate 132 of the left screening cage 13 is inclined toward the right screening cage 13, and the top plate 132 of the right screening cage 13 is inclined toward the left screening cage 13. When one of the screening cages 13 moves upward by the lifting push rod 14, the crushed objects originally located on the top plate 132 of the screening cage 13 can move outward along the screening hole 131 of the top plate 132, or part of the crushed objects can move downward along the top plate 132, and the piled-up crushed objects rise with the screening cage 13, and the crushed objects smaller than the screening hole 131 can move outward through the screening hole 131, and in actual application, the two screening cages 13 alternately rise or fall to avoid the problem in the prior art that part of the crushed objects are stuck in the screening hole 131 in a stationary state, resulting in a poor screening effect, and the screening cage 13 of the embodiment of the present invention alternately rises or falls, so that the crushed objects located at the bottom of the crushing shell 1 have the action of rising and falling again, and in the actual crushing process, the crushed objects moving downward through the first crushing area 6 can have relative impact and crushing with the crushed objects rising and falling through the screening cage 13.

[0066] Preferably, in other embodiments of the present invention, a support plate 9 may be provided at the lower part of the crushing shell 1. By providing an electric push rod on the bottom surface of the support plate 9, the electric push rod pushes the support plate to move toward the inside of the crushing shell 1 according to the first periodic frequency, so that the support plate 9 can rotate a certain angle around the connection position of the crushing shell 1, and the non-adjacent screening cage 13 moves upward according to the second periodic frequency, so that the large-sized crushed objects that cannot pass through the screening cage 3 are first pushed by the screening cage 13 to move toward the support plate 9, and then the support plate 9 flips over a certain angle to push the crushed objects to move toward the second crushing area 7, and then enter the second crushing area 7 for crushing again.

[0067] Preferably, in other embodiments of the present invention, the side plate root of the screening cage 13 is provided with a discharge hole, and the screening cage 13 can be pushed up and down by the lifting push rod 14. In actual application, the lifting push rod 14 controls the rising height of the screening cage 13, so that the screening cage 13 is within a certain lifting height, and the discharge hole is not located inside the crushing shell 1. At this time, the screening cage 13 is in a working state of screening the crushed objects. However, after being crushed in the first crushing area 6 and the second crushing area 7, the crushed objects with larger sizes still cannot pass through the screening hole 131 of the screening cage 13. During the repair of the crushing device, the lifting push rod 14 pushes one side of the screening cage 13 to move upward, and the corresponding discharge hole will be exposed in the internal space of the crushing shell 1, and the crushed objects can be moved out through the discharge hole.

[0068] See also Figure 1-7 When the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device of the embodiment of the present invention crushes the object to be crushed, the object to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the two crushing shafts 2 through the material conveyor belt (not shown in the figure), and the two crushing shafts 2 rotating relatively can extrude and shear the object to be crushed. After the crushed part of the crushed object passes through the first crushing area 6, it moves directly downward, while part of the crushed object is driven by the crushing teeth 5 to move toward the support plate 9 in an inclined direction, and the crushed object rebounds against the surface of the support plate 9, and the crushed object that has rebounded can enter the second crushing area 7 from the inlet end position of the second crushing area 7.

[0069] Since the surface of the crushing shell 1 is provided with side crushing teeth 104, and the outer peripheral surface of the crushing shaft 2 is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth 5, when the crushed objects are elastically rebounded by the support plate 9, they can be supported and positioned with the bottom plane of the side crushing teeth 104, and the crushing teeth 5 move toward the middle cutting channel of the side crushing teeth 104, so as to shear and crush the crushed objects.

[0070] During the crushing process of the crushing tooth 5, the front end of the crushing tooth 5 first clamps and positions the surface of the crushing object, and the top crushing body 542 and the side crushing body 544 on the surface of the crushing tooth 5 form a crushing grid structure with a spatial layout. The crushing grid structure can pressurize and crush the crushing object into smaller particles, greatly improving the crushing efficiency. The top crushing body 542 on the surface of the crushing tooth 5 is a concave structure, which can continuously change the direction of the force at the contact point with the crushing object during the crushing process. The entire crushing process requires less crushing force and higher crushing efficiency.

[0071] The crushed objects that have undergone secondary crushing in the second crushing area 7 can move downward along the longitudinal groove and fall into the top of the screening cage 13 at the bottom. When the screening cage 13 is pushed upward or downward by the lifting push rod 14 at the bottom, the top surface 132 of the rising screening cage 13 is an inclined surface, which pushes the crushed objects to move toward the screening cage 13 on the other side. The crushed objects that are smaller than the screening holes 131 on the surface of the screening cage 13 can move downward through the corresponding screening holes 131.

[0072] See also Figure 1-7 A pressure sensor 15 is provided between the connecting position of the lifting push rod 14 and the screening cage 13 in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the left pressure sensor detects the weight of the crushed objects carried by the left screening cage 13, and the right pressure sensor detects the weight of the crushed objects carried by the right screening cage 13.

[0073] When the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device of the embodiment of the present invention is started, the material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the first crushing area 6 through the material conveyor belt, and the two crushing shafts 2 rotate relative to each other, so that the material has a downward movement trend. After the crushed material is crushed by the two relatively rotating crushing shafts 2, part of the crushed material will directly fall to the top of the left screening cage 13 and the top of the right screening cage 13, and the other part of the crushed material will move to the surface of the support plate 9 along the tangent direction of the rotation of the crushing teeth 5 and rebound through the support plate 9. After the first time, the crushed material falling on the surface of the left screening cage 13 and the right screening cage 13 will gradually increase, and the crushed material can gradually flow downward through the screening holes 131 of the top plate 132 of the screening cage 13. After the first time, the weight of the crushed material after the top retention is jointly detected by the pressure sensors 15 corresponding to the two screening cages 13. If it is detected that the weight of the crushed material after retention is not within the first weight range at this time, it is necessary to adjust the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt and the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts to adjust the weight of the crushed material staying on the top of the two screening cages 13.

[0074] If the weight of the crushed material on the top of the screening cage 13 is less than the minimum value of the calibrated first weight interval, it can be determined that the weight of the crushed material on the top of the screening cage 13 is too small and is not in the best crushing device. Then, by detecting the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts 2, if the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts 2 are the same, the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts 2 are increased to speed up the crushing speeds of the two crushing shafts 2. If the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts 2 are different, the rotation speed of the crushing shaft with a low rotation speed is adjusted to the rotation speed of the crushing shaft with a high rotation speed.

[0075] After the second time, the weight change of the tops of the two screening cages 13 is detected by the two pressure sensors 5. If the weight of the crushed objects on the tops of the screening cages 13 is within the first weight range, the two crushing shafts are kept at a stable speed.

[0076] If the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage 13 at this time is greater than the maximum value of the calibrated first weight interval, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced, so that the number of objects to be crushed entering the first crushing area 6 is reduced. At the same time, if the crushed weight on the top of the screening cage 13 is greater than the maximum value of the calibrated first weight interval, and the difference is greater than the first threshold, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced according to a constant deceleration, so that the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is gradually reduced to the target conveying speed, and the objects to be crushed are continuously conveyed at the target conveying speed.

[0077] When the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device of the embodiment of the present invention works normally, the two relative crushing shafts squeeze and shear each other, and the objects to be crushed entering the first crushing area 6 can be crushed. The crushed objects rebounded by the support plate 9 enter the second crushing area 7, and the crushing teeth 5 and the side crushing teeth 104 of the crushing shaft 2 perform secondary crushing on the crushed objects in the second crushing area 7. After the third time, the lifting push rod 14 moves upward to push the left screening cage 13 upward. During the upward movement of the left screening cage 13, when the left pressure sensor 15 detects that the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the left screening cage 13 is greater than the second weight interval, it is necessary to mark the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the left screening cage 13 as overweight, and make the first mark. Then after the fourth time, the lifting push rod 14 is used to push the screening cage 13 upward again, and the pressure sensor 15 is used to detect the weight of the crushed object on the top of the screening cage 13 again. If the weight of the crushed object detected this time still exceeds the second weight interval, it is used as the second mark, and the weight of the same screening cage 13 is detected with the fourth time as the time interval. If the weight is exceeded for five consecutive detections, it can be considered that the crushing teeth 5 on the surface of the left crushing shaft 2 are worn or defective, and an alarm reminder needs to be issued through the corresponding reminder device to facilitate the operator to start the corresponding maintenance steps. If during the above five consecutive detections, a certain weight detection is lower than the minimum value of the second weight interval, the number of continuous detections that have been detected in the same detection cycle will be cleared, and the weight detection process of a single screening cage of the entire energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device needs to be re-detected and the number of times accumulated.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device, characterized in that: It includes a crushing shell, inside which are two horizontally arranged crushing shafts, a plurality of groups of crushing teeth are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the crushing shafts, the adjacent crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts are axially staggered with each other, the radially opposite areas of the two crushing shafts are the first crushing areas, the area between the crushing shafts and the crushing shell is the second crushing area, and a rebound area is provided at the lower part of the crushing shell. After the crushed materials pass through the first crushing area, part of the crushed materials enter the rebound area and are rebounded, and the crushed materials that have rebounded enter the second crushing area from the inlet end of the second crushing area.

2. The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two crushing shafts rotate in opposite directions. After the crushed objects pass through the first crushing area, they tend to move downward. Part of the crushed objects moves downward to the rebound area under the centrifugal force of the crushing shafts. The rebound area includes a plurality of support plates that are connected in sequence and arranged along the inner curved surface of the crushing shell. The curved surface center of a single support plate or the curved surface center of a plurality of support plates is located at the inlet end of the second crushing area.

3. The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side surface of the crushing shell is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves at intervals, and side crushing teeth are provided between two adjacent longitudinal grooves. The objects to be crushed passing through the second crushing area contact with the side crushing teeth, and the crushing teeth and the side crushing teeth interact with each other to perform secondary crushing on the objects to be crushed.

4. The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing tooth comprises a mounting seat and a crushing tooth body arranged on the outer surface of the crushing shaft, and the plugging direction of the crushing tooth body and the mounting seat is perpendicular to the rotation tangent direction of the crushing shaft.

5. The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A top crushing body is provided at the top of the crushing tooth body, a middle inclined surface is provided in the middle of the crushing tooth body, a plurality of side crushing bodies are provided at intervals on the middle inclined surface, and the top crushing body and the side crushing bodies form a crushing grid structure with a spatial layout; the side crushing teeth include a bottom plane, a side inclined surface and a middle cutting channel, and the middle cutting channel is a channel that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

6. The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the support plate is an elastic material layer, and the bottom of the support plate is connected to and elastically supported by the crushing shell through an elastic body.

7. The energy-saving double-roller self-adaptive crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the crushing shell is provided with two symmetrical screening cages, the surface of the screening cages is provided with a plurality of screening holes, the top surface of the screening cages is a curved surface and is adapted to the transition setting with the inner side surface of the crushing shell, wherein the top surface of the screening cage on one side is inclined toward the screening cage on the other side.

8. The energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A lifting push rod is arranged at the bottom of the screening cage, and a pressure sensor is arranged between the connecting position of the lifting push rod and the screening cage.

9. A crushing method using the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S11: The material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the two crushing shafts by the material conveyor belt, and the two crushing shafts rotating relative to each other squeeze and shear the material to be crushed. After passing through the first crushing area, part of the crushed material moves directly downward, while part of the crushed material moves in an inclined direction toward the support plate, and the crushed material rebounds against the surface of the support plate, and the rebounded crushed material enters the second crushing area; Step S22: The surface of the crushing shell is provided with side crushing teeth, and when the crushed objects elastically rebounded by the support plate can be supported and positioned with the bottom plane of the side crushing teeth, the crushing teeth move toward the middle cutting channel of the side crushing teeth to shear and crush the crushed objects; Step S33: During the crushing process of the crushing teeth, the front end of the crushing teeth is first clamped and positioned on the surface of the crushing object, and the top crushing body and the side crushing body on the surface of the crushing teeth form a crushing grid structure with a spatial layout. The crushing grid structure can pressurize the crushing object and crush it into particles of smaller size. Step S44: the top surface crushing body of the crushing tooth surface is a concave structure, and the direction of the force acting on the contact point with the object to be crushed is continuously changed during the crushing process of the object to be crushed; Step S55: The crushed objects that have undergone secondary crushing in the second crushing area move downward along the longitudinal groove and fall into the top of the screening cage at the bottom. When the screening cage is pushed upward or downward by the lifting push rod at the bottom, the top surface of the rising screening cage is an inclined surface, which pushes the crushed objects to move toward the screening cage on the other side. The crushed objects that are smaller than the screening holes on the surface of the screening cage can move downward through the corresponding screening holes.

10. A detection method using the energy-saving double-roller adaptive crushing device according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S101: The material to be crushed is transported to the top of the first crushing area by the material conveyor belt. Through the relative rotation of the two crushing shafts, part of the crushed material will directly fall to the top of the left and right screening cages, and part of the crushed material will move to the surface of the support plate along the tangential direction of the rotation of the crushing teeth and rebound through the support plate; Step S102: After the first time, the crushed objects falling on the surfaces of the left and right screening cages will gradually increase, and the crushed objects can gradually flow downward through the screening holes of the top plate of the screening cages. After the first time, the weight of the crushed objects retained on the top is detected by the pressure sensors corresponding to the two screening cages. If it is detected that the weight of the retained crushed objects is not within the first weight range, it is necessary to adjust the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt and the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts to adjust the weight of the crushed objects retained on the top of the two screening cages. Step S103: If the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is less than the minimum value of the calibrated first weight interval, it is determined that the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is too small and is not in the optimal crushing device, and then the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts are detected. If the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts are the same, the crushing speeds of the two crushing shafts are increased to speed up the crushing speeds; if the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts are different, the rotation speed of the crushing shaft with a low rotation speed is adjusted to the rotation speed of the crushing shaft with a high rotation speed; Step S104: after the second time has passed, the weight change of the tops of the two screening cages is detected by two pressure sensors. If the weight of the crushed objects on the tops of the screening cages is within the first weight range, the speed of the two crushing shafts is kept at a stable speed. Step S105: if the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the calibrated first weight interval, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced so that the amount of the objects to be crushed entering the first crushing area is reduced; if the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the calibrated first weight interval, and the difference is greater than the first threshold, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced according to a constant deceleration, so that the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is gradually reduced to the target conveying speed, and the objects to be crushed are continuously conveyed at the target conveying speed; Step S106: the crushed objects rebounding through the support plate enter the second crushing area, and the crushing teeth of the crushing shaft and the side crushing teeth perform secondary crushing on the crushed objects in the second crushing area; after the third time, the lifting push rod moves upward to push the left screening cage upward. During the upward movement of the left screening cage, when the pressure sensor on the left detects that the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the left screening cage is greater than the second weight interval, it is necessary to mark the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the left screening cage as overweight, and make the first mark; Step S107: After the fourth time, the screening cage is pushed upward again by the lifting push rod, and the weight of the crushed objects on the top of the screening cage is detected again by the pressure sensor. If the weight of the crushed objects detected this time still exceeds the second weight interval, it is marked as the second time, and the weight of the same screening cage is detected with the fourth time as the time interval. If the weight is exceeded for N consecutive detections, it is determined that the crushing teeth on the left surface of the crushing shaft are worn or defective, and an alarm is issued through the corresponding reminder device; Step S108: If during the N consecutive detections, a weight detection is lower than the minimum value of the second weight interval, the number of consecutive detections that have been detected in the same detection cycle will be cleared, and the weight detection process needs to be re-detected and the number of times accumulated.

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