Wheat total-nutrient compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a wheat total nutrient compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, the wheat total nutrient compound fertilizer comprises 25-35 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium chloride, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of borax, and 16-43.5 parts of a straw extract; the compound fertilizer can provide nutrition in the whole growth period of wheat, can achieve the purpose of fertilizer conservation, improves the utilization rate of nutrient elements in the fertilizer by the wheat, and improves the yield of the wheat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is an important food crop, and its yield and quality directly affect national food security. In order to increase wheat yield, different fertilizers are usually applied at different growth stages of wheat; however, although wheat has different main nutritional requirements at different growth stages, single fertilization may still cause nutrient imbalance, affecting wheat's absorption and utilization of nutrients, resulting in low fertilizer utilization rate.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a compound fertilizer that can meet the nutrient requirements of wheat throughout its entire growth period. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound fertilizer can provide nutrition for wheat throughout its entire growth period, and can achieve the purpose of fertilizer preservation, thereby improving the utilization rate of nutrient elements in the fertilizer by wheat.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium chloride, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of borax, and 16-43.5 parts of straw extract.

[0006] Preferably, the above-mentioned wheat complete nutrient compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of urea, 17 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 13 parts of potassium chloride, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.7 parts of borax, and 29.3 parts of straw extract.

[0007] Preferably, the straw extract is prepared by the following method: S1, crushing the straw, adding water, the weight ratio of straw to water is 30-40:100, stirring thoroughly and boiling, and cooling to obtain slurry; S2, adjusting the pH of the slurry to 6.7±0.1, then adding pectinase and hemicellulase thereto, the amount of pectinase added is 3.5-3.9u / g, the amount of hemicellulase added is 5.5-6.0u / g, the enzymolysis temperature is controlled to 55±0.1°C, maintained for 6.0-7.0h, to obtain an enzymolysis solution; S3, adding bran, rice bran and molasses to the enzymatic hydrolysate, sterilizing, then adding EM bacteria thereto, stirring at 33±0.1°C, fermenting for 48-56h, and obtaining a fermentation liquid; S4, the fermentation liquid is spray-dried to obtain a straw extract.

[0008] The straw extract obtained by the above method is rich in fiber. After being mixed with the other nutrients in the compound fertilizer, the nutrients in the obtained compound fertilizer can stay more firmly in the fertilized soil layer, which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of nutrients by wheat, thereby increasing wheat yield.

[0009] Preferably, in step S1, the length of the straw is 0.5-1.0 mm; and the weight ratio of the straw to water is 35:100.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the amount of pectinase added is 3.7u / g, the amount of hemicellulase added is 5.7u / g, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is controlled to be 55±0.1°C, maintained for 6.3h, and an enzymatic hydrolyzate is obtained.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, 50-70 g of bran, 50-100 g of rice bran and 10-15 g of molasses are added to each kg of enzymatic hydrolyzate.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the inoculation amount of EM bacteria is 5-7%, and the stirring speed is 130-170 rpm.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the above-mentioned wheat complete nutrient compound fertilizer is as follows: (1) Weigh urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and borax according to the ratio, mix and crush to a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm to obtain a mixture A; remove the straw extract, mix it with the mixture A, and obtain a mixture B; (2) Mixture B is placed in a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is controlled to be 4 mm; the particles are then dried and cooled to obtain compound fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, in step (2), the moisture content of the particles after drying is controlled to be 2-3%.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer provided by the present invention meets the nutritional needs of wheat throughout its entire growth period; through EM bacteria fermentation, the obtained straw extract contains a large amount of fiber; after the straw extract and other components are made into particles and put into use, the fiber can retain the nutrient elements in the soil, so that the wheat can absorb the required nutrients according to demand, thereby improving the utilization rate of the compound fertilizer; in addition, the fiber in the straw extract can improve the air permeability of the soil, promote the growth of the crop root system, thereby improving the ability of the wheat straw root system to absorb nutrient elements and increase the wheat yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention, the EM bacteria are commercially available bacterial powder.

[0018] Example 1 A wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of urea, 17 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 13 parts of potassium chloride, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.7 parts of borax, and 29.3 parts of straw extract; The straw extract is prepared as follows: S1, crushing the straw to a length of 0.5-1.0 mm; adding water to a weight ratio of 35:100, stirring thoroughly and boiling, and cooling to obtain a slurry; S2, adjusting the pH of the slurry to 6.7, then adding pectinase and hemicellulase thereto, the added amount of pectinase is 3.7u / g, the added amount of hemicellulase is 5.7u / g, the enzymolysis temperature is controlled to be 55±0.1°C, maintained for 6.3h, to obtain an enzymolysis solution; S3, adding bran, rice bran and molasses to the enzymolyzate, adding 60g bran, 80g rice bran and 12g molasses to each kg of the enzymolyzate, sterilizing to obtain a mixed solution; Then, EM bacteria was added to the mixed solution, 65 g of EM bacteria was added to each kg of the mixed solution, and the mixture was stirred at 33±0.1°C and 150 rpm for 50 h to obtain a fermentation solution; S4, the fermentation liquid is spray-dried to obtain a straw extract.

[0019] The straw extract obtained by the above method is rich in fiber. After being mixed with the other nutrients in the compound fertilizer, the nutrients in the obtained compound fertilizer can stay more firmly in the fertilized soil layer, which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of nutrients by wheat, thereby increasing wheat yield.

[0020] The preparation method of the above-mentioned wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer is as follows: (1) Weigh urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and borax according to the ratio, mix and crush to a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm to obtain a mixture A; remove the straw extract, mix it with the mixture A, and obtain a mixture B; (2) Mixture B is placed in a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is controlled to be 4 mm; the particles are then dried, and the moisture content of the particles after drying is 2.5%; after cooling, compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0021] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that, in the process of preparing the straw extract, step S3 is not used for fermentation treatment.

[0022] Example 2 A wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 parts of borax, 43.5 parts of straw extract; The straw extract is prepared as follows: S1, crushing the straw to a length of 0.5-1.0 mm; adding water to a weight ratio of 30:100, stirring thoroughly and boiling, and cooling to obtain a slurry; S2, adjusting the pH of the slurry to 6.6, then adding pectinase and hemicellulase thereto, the added amount of pectinase is 3.5u / g, the added amount of hemicellulase is 5.5u / g, the enzymolysis temperature is controlled to be 55±0.1°C, maintained for 7.0h, and obtaining an enzymolysis solution; S3, adding bran, rice bran and molasses to the enzymolyzate, adding 50 g of bran, 50 g of rice bran and 10 g of molasses to each kg of the enzymolyzate, sterilizing to obtain a mixed solution; Then, EM bacteria was added to the mixed solution, 50 g of EM bacteria was added to each kg of the mixed solution, and the mixture was stirred at 33±0.1°C and 130 rpm for 48 hours to obtain a fermentation solution; S4, the fermentation liquid is spray-dried to obtain a straw extract.

[0023] The preparation method of the above-mentioned wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer is as follows: (1) Weigh urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and borax according to the ratio, mix and crush to a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm to obtain a mixture A; remove the straw extract, mix it with the mixture A, and obtain a mixture B; (2) Mixture B is placed in a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is controlled to be 4 mm; the particles are then dried, and the moisture content of the particles after drying is controlled to be 2%; after cooling, compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0024] Example 3 A wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 15 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of borax, and 16 parts of straw extract; The straw extract is prepared as follows: S1, crushing the straw to a length of 0.5-1.0 mm; adding water to a weight ratio of 40:100, stirring thoroughly and boiling, and cooling to obtain a slurry; S2, adjusting the pH of the slurry to 6.8, then adding pectinase and hemicellulase thereto, the added amount of pectinase is 3.9u / g, the added amount of hemicellulase is 6.0u / g, the enzymolysis temperature is controlled to be 55±0.1°C, maintained for 6.0h, and obtaining an enzymolysis solution; S3, adding bran, rice bran and molasses to the enzymolyzate, adding 70 g of bran, 100 g of rice bran and 15 g of molasses to each kg of the enzymolyzate, sterilizing to obtain a mixed solution; Then, EM bacteria was added to the mixed solution, 70 g of EM bacteria was added to each kg of the mixed solution, and the mixture was stirred at 33±0.1°C and 170 rpm for 56 hours to obtain a fermentation solution; S4, the fermentation liquid is spray-dried to obtain a straw extract.

[0025] The straw extract obtained by the above method is rich in fiber. After being mixed with the other nutrients in the compound fertilizer, the nutrients in the obtained compound fertilizer can stay more firmly in the fertilized soil layer, which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of nutrients by wheat, thereby increasing wheat yield.

[0026] The preparation method of the above-mentioned wheat full-nutrient compound fertilizer is as follows: (1) Weigh urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and borax according to the ratio, mix and crush to a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm to obtain a mixture A; remove the straw extract, mix it with the mixture A, and obtain a mixture B; (2) Mixture B is placed in a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is controlled to be 4 mm; the particles are then dried, and the moisture content of the particles after drying is controlled to be 3%; after cooling, compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0027] The compound fertilizers obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to field tests under the same test conditions, and were planted and managed according to local routine practices. The plots not using the above fertilizers were used as blank controls, and the plots using commercially available compound fertilizers were used as commercial controls. The per-acre yield of wheat was statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1, as follows: Table 1 Wheat yield per mu

[0028] It can be seen from Table 1 that after using the compound fertilizer of the present invention, the wheat yield is significantly improved. This may be because the straw extract in the compound fertilizer has higher fiber performance after fermentation. Therefore, after being put into use, the nutrients can be retained in the soil for a long time, which is beneficial for wheat to absorb nutrients in time during the growth process, thereby increasing the wheat yield.

[0029] Although the present invention has been described in detail by reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A wheat full nutrition compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium chloride, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of borax, and 16-43.5 parts of straw extract.

2. The wheat full nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of urea, 17 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 13 parts of potassium chloride, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.7 parts of borax, and 29.3 parts of straw extract.

3. The wheat full nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw extract is prepared as follows: S1, crushing the straw, adding water, the weight ratio of straw to water is 30-40:100, stirring thoroughly and boiling, and cooling to obtain slurry; S2, adjusting the pH of the slurry to 6.7±0.1, then adding pectinase and hemicellulase thereto, the amount of pectinase added is 3.5-3.9u / g, the amount of hemicellulase added is 5.5-6.0u / g, the enzymolysis temperature is controlled to 55±0.1°C, maintained for 6.0-7.0h, to obtain an enzymolysis solution; S3, adding bran, rice bran and molasses to the enzymatic hydrolysate, sterilizing, then adding EM bacteria thereto, stirring at 33±0.1°C, fermenting for 48-56h, and obtaining a fermentation liquid; S4, the fermentation liquid is spray-dried to obtain a straw extract.

4. The wheat full nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S1, the length of the straw is 0.5-1.0 mm; and the weight ratio of the straw to water is 35:

100.

5. The wheat full nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the amount of pectinase added was 3.7 u / g, the amount of hemicellulase added was 5.7 u / g, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was controlled at 55±0.1°C and maintained for 6.3 h to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate.

6. The wheat full nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, 50-70 g of bran, 50-100 g of rice bran and 10-15 g of molasses are added to each kg of enzymatic hydrolyzate.

7. The wheat full nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the inoculation amount of EM bacteria is 5-7%, and the stirring speed is 130-170 rpm.

8. The method for preparing the wheat complete nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process is as follows: (1) Weigh urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and borax according to the ratio, mix and crush to a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm to obtain a mixture A; remove the straw extract, mix it with the mixture A, and obtain a mixture B; (2) Mixture B is placed in a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is controlled to be 4 mm; the particles are then dried and cooled to obtain compound fertilizer.

9. The method for preparing the wheat complete nutrition compound fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (2), the moisture content of the dried particles is controlled to be 2-3%.

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