Discharging device and discharging system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metal production through an electrolytic method, and particularly relates to a discharging device and a discharging system. In order to better control the concentration of aluminum oxide, the invention provides a blanking device. The discharging device comprises a material container, a movable container, a driving mechanism and a discharging component, the movable container comprises a constant volume chamber, the material container is provided with a discharging port, the constant volume chamber is provided with a material supplementing port and a material discharging port, the discharging component comprises a blocking plate and a discharging pipe, and the blocking plate comprises a blocking part and a discharging hole; each constant-volume chamber is provided with a material supplementing station and a discharging station, the driving mechanism drives the movable container, and when the constant-volume chambers are located at the material supplementing stations, the material supplementing openings communicate with the discharging openings, and the discharging openings are blocked by the blocking parts; when the constant volume chamber is located at the discharging station, the discharging port is blocked by the movable container, and the discharging port is communicated with the discharging pipe through the discharging hole. The invention further provides a discharging system comprising the discharging device. Material supplementing and discharging are achieved by moving the constant volume chamber, discharging is achieved through the gravity of materials, and therefore quantitative discharging is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrolytic metal production, and in particular relates to a material feeding device and a material feeding system. Background Art

[0002] When aluminum is produced by electrolysis, the concentration of alumina will directly affect the current efficiency of the electrolytic cell, and thus affect the power consumption when producing a ton of aluminum. When the concentration of alumina is greater than 3.5%, the dissolution of alumina is incomplete and precipitation is easy to form; when the concentration of alumina is less than 1.5%, the anode effect is easy to occur, resulting in a significant reduction in current efficiency. When the concentration of alumina is between 1.5% and 3%, the lower the concentration of alumina, the higher the current efficiency. The higher the current efficiency, the lower the power consumption when producing a ton of aluminum, so the concentration of alumina must be strictly controlled.

[0003] At present, the unloading points of the shell unloading device of large prebaked anode aluminum electrolytic cells (the location of the unloading points is such that all alumina enters the fire eye) are generally set at 4 to 7 points, and each unloading point is equipped with a set of unloading devices. Among them, 200~240 kA is unloading at 4 points, 280~350 kA is unloading at 5 points, 400~500 kA is unloading at 6 points, and 600 kA is unloading at 7 points. The upper computer controls the interval time of each unloading of each unloading device to achieve small amounts and multiple feedings, thereby controlling the concentration of alumina to be maintained between 1.5% and 3%.

[0004] In a prior art, Figure 1 As shown, the shelling and unloading device includes a cylinder 100 and a barrel 800, the cylinder 100 is drivingly connected to a shelling rod 600, the lower end of the shelling rod 600 is connected to a conical sealing cover 700 that seals with the conical surface of the lower end of the barrel 800, the piston 200 on the shelling rod 600, the conical sealing cover 700, the shelling rod 200 and the barrel 800 together form a constant volume chamber 500, and the constant volume chamber 500 is provided with a feed port 400 connected to the discharge port of the material box 300. When the material is beaten, the feed port 400 is first sealed, and then the cylinder 100 drives the shelling rod 600 to move downward, the conical sealing cover 700 is separated from the barrel 600, the discharge port of the constant volume chamber 500 is opened, and the piston 200 pushes the material in the constant volume chamber 500 into the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0005] Theoretically, the shelling and discharging device can achieve quantitative discharging, but in actual engineering, during the long-term use of the shelling and discharging device, the sealing between the shelling rod 600 and the conical sealing cover 700 deteriorates, and the sealing between the piston 200 and the cylinder 800 deteriorates, resulting in leakage between the shelling rod 600 and the conical sealing cover 700, and leakage between the piston 200 and the cylinder 800, which in turn makes it impossible to accurately control the alumina concentration in the electrolytic cell.

[0006] In another prior art, a Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN108149275B and authorization announcement date 2019.04.16 discloses a shell breaking and feeding device for an aluminum electrolytic cell. When the shell breaking and feeding device is used for a long time, the sealing performance of the piston and the corresponding structure will deteriorate, resulting in leakage, which in turn makes it impossible to accurately control the alumina concentration in the electrolytic cell. When the leakage is serious, the solubility of alumina will be higher than 3.5%.

[0007] At the same time, if the punching pressure is too high, the feed port is not tightly sealed, the cylinder and the barrel are not tightly sealed, etc., it will also lead to the inability to quantitatively discharge the material, resulting in the inability to accurately control the alumina concentration in the electrolytic cell. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a feeding device and a feeding system to solve the technical problem that the solubility of alumina in an aluminum electrolytic cell cannot be accurately controlled by using the existing feeding device.

[0009] The present invention also aims to provide a material discharging system to solve the same technical problem as above.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the blanking device provided by the present invention is: A material discharge device comprises a material container, a mobile container, a driving mechanism and a material discharge component, wherein the mobile container comprises a constant volume chamber, the material container has a discharge port, the constant volume chamber has a feeding port and a discharge port located at the bottom, the material discharge component comprises a blocking plate and a material discharge pipe located below the blocking plate and used for discharging material into a fire hole of an electrolytic cell, the blocking plate comprises a blocking portion and a material discharge hole communicated with the material discharge pipe; The constant volume chamber has a feeding station and a material unloading station, and the driving mechanism is connected to the mobile container and is used to drive the constant volume chamber to switch between the feeding station and the material unloading station; When the constant volume chamber is in the feeding position, the feeding port is connected with the discharging port, and the discharging port is blocked by the blocking part; When the constant volume chamber is at the unloading position, the discharge port is blocked by the movable container, and the discharge port is connected with the unloading pipe through the unloading hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a direct-acting driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber to move horizontally, and the arrangement direction of the feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber is the same as the movement direction of the constant volume chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a rotary driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber to rotate, the feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber are located on the same arc or the same circumference, and the center of the arc or the circumference corresponding to the circle is located on the rotation axis of the constant volume chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the constant volume chamber includes a first constant volume sub-chamber and a second constant volume sub-chamber. When one of the constant volume sub-chambers is at a material unloading station, the other constant volume sub-chamber is at a material replenishing station.

[0014] Furthermore, there are two unloading pipes, which are divided into a first unloading pipe corresponding to the first constant volume chamber and a second unloading pipe corresponding to the second constant volume chamber. Each unloading pipe is configured with a corresponding unloading hole. When the first constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the first constant volume chamber is connected to the first unloading pipe. When the second constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the second constant volume chamber is connected to the second unloading pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the feeding port is located at the top of the constant volume chamber, and a sealing plate is provided at the discharge port of the material container. When one of the constant volume chambers is in the unloading position, the sealing plate is used to seal the feeding port of the constant volume chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, there is one discharge pipe. When the first constant volume chamber and the second constant volume chamber are in the discharge station, each constant volume chamber is connected to the same discharge pipe. A first sealing plate is provided at the discharge port of the material container, and each constant volume chamber is connected to a second sealing plate. When one of the constant volume chambers is in the discharge station, the first sealing plate is used to seal the feeding port of the constant volume chamber, and the second sealing plate is used to seal the discharge hole corresponding to the other constant volume chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, a collection chamber is provided between the discharge pipe and the sealing plate, the upper part of the collection chamber has an aggregate feed port, the lower part of the collection chamber has an aggregate discharge port, the aggregate feed port is larger than the aggregate discharge port, and the collection chamber has a guide slope for guiding the material to move toward the aggregate discharge port, the aggregate feed port is connected with the discharge hole, and the aggregate discharge port is connected with the discharge pipe, so as to connect the discharge hole and the discharge pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, a vibration plate is connected to the outer wall of the material container, a paddle for moving the vibration plate is connected to the output component of the driving mechanism, and the surface of the blocking part for blocking the discharge port is a self-lubricating surface.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the material unloading device of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is a pioneering invention. In the present invention, the constant volume chamber is movable, the constant volume chamber has a material filling position and a material unloading position, and only when the constant volume chamber is in the material unloading position, the material in the constant volume chamber can flow into the fire eye through the unloading hole and the unloading pipe under the action of its own gravity, thereby realizing constant volume unloading (i.e. quantitative unloading).

[0020] In actual use, first, the constant volume chamber is placed in the feeding position, at this time, the feeding port is connected with the discharge port, and the material in the material container flows into the constant volume chamber. At the same time, since the discharge port is blocked by the blocking part, a specific volume of material can be temporarily stored in the constant volume chamber; thereafter, the driving mechanism drives the constant volume chamber to switch to the unloading position, at this time, the discharge port is connected with the unloading pipe through the unloading hole, since the discharge port is located at the bottom of the constant volume chamber and the unloading pipe is located below the blocking plate, the material in the constant volume chamber can all flow into the fire eye through the unloading hole and the unloading pipe under the action of its own gravity, and at the same time, the discharge port is blocked by the mobile container, so the material in the material container cannot enter the constant volume chamber, thereby realizing constant volume unloading (i.e. quantitative unloading).

[0021] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the blanking system provided by the present invention is: A material unloading system comprises a host computer and at least one unloading subsystem, wherein the host computer is used to control the unloading subsystem, each unloading subsystem is used to unload materials to different electrolytic cells, each unloading subsystem comprises at least one unloading device and a control system for controlling the unloading device, the unloading device comprises a material container, a mobile container, a driving mechanism and an unloading component, the mobile container comprises a constant volume chamber, the material container has a material discharge port, the constant volume chamber has a material replenishment port and a material discharge port located at the bottom, the unloading component comprises a blocking plate and a unloading pipe located below the blocking plate and used to unload materials to the fire hole of the electrolytic cell, the blocking plate comprises a blocking portion and an unloading hole connected to the unloading pipe; The constant volume chamber has a feeding station and a material unloading station, and the driving mechanism is connected to the mobile container and is used to drive the constant volume chamber to switch between the feeding station and the material unloading station; When the constant volume chamber is in the feeding position, the feeding port is connected with the discharging port, and the discharging port is blocked by the blocking part; When the constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the discharge port is blocked by the movable container, and the discharge port is connected to the unloading pipe through the unloading hole; Each discharge pipe is used for discharging materials into different fire holes.

[0022] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a direct-acting driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber to move horizontally, and the arrangement direction of the feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber is the same as the movement direction of the constant volume chamber.

[0023] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a rotary driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber to rotate, the feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber are located on the same arc or the same circumference, and the center of the arc or the circumference corresponding to the circle is located on the rotation axis of the constant volume chamber.

[0024] Furthermore, the constant volume chamber includes a first constant volume sub-chamber and a second constant volume sub-chamber. When one of the constant volume sub-chambers is at a material unloading station, the other constant volume sub-chamber is at a material replenishing station.

[0025] Furthermore, there are two unloading pipes, which are divided into a first unloading pipe corresponding to the first constant volume chamber and a second unloading pipe corresponding to the second constant volume chamber. Each unloading pipe is configured with a corresponding unloading hole. When the first constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the first constant volume chamber is connected to the first unloading pipe. When the second constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the second constant volume chamber is connected to the second unloading pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, the feeding port is located at the top of the constant volume chamber, and a sealing plate is provided at the discharge port of the material container. When one of the constant volume chambers is in the unloading position, the sealing plate is used to seal the feeding port of the constant volume chamber.

[0027] Furthermore, there is one discharge pipe. When the first constant volume chamber and the second constant volume chamber are in the discharge station, each constant volume chamber is connected to the same discharge pipe. A first sealing plate is provided at the discharge port of the material container, and each constant volume chamber is connected to a second sealing plate. When one of the constant volume chambers is in the discharge station, the first sealing plate is used to seal the feeding port of the constant volume chamber, and the second sealing plate is used to seal the discharge hole corresponding to the other constant volume chamber.

[0028] Furthermore, a collection chamber is provided between the discharge pipe and the sealing plate, the upper part of the collection chamber has an aggregate feed port, the lower part of the collection chamber has an aggregate discharge port, the aggregate feed port is larger than the aggregate discharge port, and the collection chamber has a guide slope for guiding the material to move toward the aggregate discharge port, the aggregate feed port is connected with the discharge hole, and the aggregate discharge port is connected with the discharge pipe, so as to connect the discharge hole and the discharge pipe.

[0029] Furthermore, a vibration plate is connected to the outer wall of the material container, a paddle for moving the vibration plate is connected to the output component of the driving mechanism, and the surface of the blocking part for blocking the discharge port is a self-lubricating surface.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the material feeding device of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is an improved invention and the material feeding device of the present invention is used to feed materials, thereby better controlling the concentration of aluminum oxide in the electrolytic cell, improving current efficiency, and saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing shelling and unloading device and a material box; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of the blanking device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 2 of the blanking device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 3 of the blanking device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 4 of the blanking device of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material feeding system of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Structural diagram of the middle and lower material subsystem; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and lower material module.

[0032] Description of reference numerals: Figure 1 Middle: 100, cylinder; 200, piston; 300, material box; 400, feed port; 500, constant volume chamber; 600, shelling rod; 700, conical sealing cover; 800, cylinder; Figures 2 to 8 In: 100, unloading module; 200, control module; 300, electrolytic cell; 400, host computer; 1, electric push rod; 2, connecting rod; 3, paddle; 4, vibrating plate; 5, material container; 501, discharge port; 6, first sealing plate; 7, mobile container; 701, constant volume chamber; 70101, constant volume sub-chamber; 702, feeding port; 703, discharge port; 704, partition; 8, second sealing plate; 9, blocking plate; 901, unloading hole; 902, self-lubricating pad; 10, collecting chamber; 11, unloading pipe; 12, stepping motor; 13, power supply; 14, intermediate relay; 15, time relay; 16, contactor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the core inventive concept of the present invention is: to change the working position of the constant volume chamber by moving the constant volume chamber, and to connect the discharge port with the discharge hole only when the constant volume chamber is in the discharge position, and at the same time discharge the material by its own gravity, thereby ensuring quantitative discharge.

[0034] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0035] Specific embodiment 1 of the feeding device provided by the present invention: In reference Figures 3-5 On the basis of Figure 2 As shown, as a basic specific implementation, the material discharge device includes a material container 5, a mobile container 7, a driving mechanism and a material discharge component, the mobile container 7 includes a constant volume chamber 701, the material container 5 has a discharge port 501, the constant volume chamber 701 has a feeding port 702 and a discharge port 703 located at the bottom, the material discharge component includes a blocking plate 9 and a material discharge pipe 11 located below the blocking plate 9 and used for discharging materials into the fire eye of the electrolytic cell 300 (even if the materials enter the fire eye), the blocking plate 9 includes a blocking portion and a material discharge hole 901 communicated with the material discharge pipe 11; The constant volume chamber 701 has a feeding station and a material unloading station, and the driving mechanism is connected to the mobile container 7 and is used to drive the constant volume chamber 701 to switch between the feeding station and the material unloading station; When the constant volume chamber 701 is at the material filling station, the material filling port 702 is connected to the material discharge port 501, and the material discharge port 703 is blocked by the blocking portion, so that the material of the set volume in the material container 5 enters the constant volume chamber 701 and is temporarily stored in the constant volume chamber 701; When the constant volume chamber 701 is at the unloading position, the discharge port 501 is blocked by the movable container 7, and the discharge port 703 is connected to the unloading pipe 11 through the unloading hole 901, so that the material in the constant volume chamber 701 enters the fire eye through the unloading pipe 11.

[0036] The mobile container 7 constitutes a transfer container between the material container 5 and the material discharge component. Preferably, the surface of the blocking part used to block the discharge port 703 is a self-lubricating surface, thereby reducing the friction between the blocking part and the mobile container 7, and facilitating the movement of the mobile container 7.

[0037] exist Figure 2 In the specific embodiment shown, the sealing plate 9 includes a plate body and a self-lubricating pad 902 fixed to the plate body by bonding or other means. The self-lubricating pad 902 is made of high-temperature resistant self-lubricating materials such as high-temperature resistant polytetrafluoroethylene, and the upper surface of the self-lubricating pad 902 constitutes the self-lubricating surface.

[0038] In other specific embodiments, the upper surface of the blocking plate 9 is sprayed with a self-lubricating coating, and the upper surface of the self-lubricating coating constitutes the self-lubricating surface.

[0039] Similarly, the material container 5 or the mobile container 7 may also include a self-lubricating pad 902 fixed on the corresponding container body, or a self-lubricating coating may be sprayed on one of the containers, so as to reduce the friction between the mobile container 7 and the material container 5 .

[0040] In other specific embodiments, the mobile container 7 may also be made entirely of self-lubricating material, thereby reducing the friction between the mobile container 7 and the blocking plate 9 , and reducing the friction between the mobile container 7 and the material container 5 .

[0041] In other specific embodiments, the sealing plate 9, the material container 5 and the mobile container 7 do not have a self-lubricating coating, the friction between the sealing plate 9 and the mobile container 7 is large, and the friction between the material container 5 and the mobile container 7 is large. The driving mechanism needs to provide a large driving force to drive the mobile container 7 to move.

[0042] exist Figure 2In the specific implementation, the driving mechanism is a direct-acting driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber 701 to move horizontally, and the arrangement direction of the feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber 701 is the same as the movement direction of the constant volume chamber 701. The direct-acting driving mechanism can be a commonly used direct-acting driving mechanism such as an electric push rod 1 and a cylinder, and the output end of the direct-acting driving mechanism can be directly connected to the mobile container 7, or it can be indirectly connected to the mobile container 7 through a transmission component such as a connecting rod 2. Figure 2 In the specific implementation manner, the two ends of the connecting rod 2 are welded to the output end of the electric push rod 1 and the moving container 7 respectively.

[0043] It should be noted that, similar to the cylinder body, barrel and material box of the existing shelling and unloading device, the sealing plate 9, the fixed part of the electric push rod 1 and the material container 5 and other components also need to be fixed at the appropriate position of the electrolytic cell (for example, on the steel structure) by bolt connection or welding when in use, which will not be repeated here; at the same time, the material (alumina) can be transported to the material container 5 by manual conveying, bucket conveying, pneumatic chute conveying or screw feeder conveying. This part is the same as the technology of conveying alumina to the material box in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0044] At the same time, the angle α between the feed pipe 11 and the horizontal plane should be greater than the repose angle of alumina to ensure that alumina will not accumulate in the feed pipe 11 (or all alumina enters the electrolytic cell through the feed pipe 11). Preferably, α>35°.

[0045] In the present invention, the constant volume chamber 701 is movable, and the constant volume chamber 701 has a filling position and a unloading position. Only when the constant volume chamber 701 is at the unloading position, the material in the constant volume chamber 701 can flow into the fire eye through the unloading hole 901 and the unloading pipe 11 under the action of its own gravity, thereby realizing constant volume unloading (i.e. quantitative unloading).

[0046] In actual use, first, the constant volume chamber 701 is placed in the feeding station. At this time, the feeding port 702 is connected with the discharge port 501, and the material in the material container 5 flows into the constant volume chamber 701. At the same time, since the discharge port 703 is blocked by the blocking part, a specific volume of material can be temporarily stored in the constant volume chamber 701; thereafter, the driving mechanism drives the constant volume chamber 701 to switch to the unloading station. At this time, the discharge port 703 is connected with the unloading pipe 11 through the unloading hole 901. Since the discharge port 703 is located at the bottom of the constant volume chamber 701 and the unloading pipe 11 is located below the blocking plate 9, the material in the constant volume chamber 701 can all flow into the fire eye through the unloading hole 901 and the unloading pipe 11 under the action of its own gravity. At the same time, the discharge port 501 is blocked by the movable container 7, so the material in the material container 5 cannot enter the constant volume chamber 701, thereby realizing constant volume unloading (i.e. quantitative unloading).

[0047] exist Figure 2 In the specific embodiment shown, the constant volume chamber 701 is divided into a first constant volume chamber and a second constant volume chamber by a partition 704. When one of the constant volume chambers 70101 is in the unloading position, the other constant volume chamber 70101 is in the feeding position. At the same time, there are two unloading pipes 11, which are divided into a first unloading pipe corresponding to the first constant volume chamber and a second unloading pipe corresponding to the second constant volume chamber. Each unloading pipe 11 is equipped with a corresponding unloading hole 901. When the first constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the first constant volume chamber is connected to the first unloading pipe, and when the second constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the second constant volume chamber is connected to the second unloading pipe.

[0048] At this time, the unloading device constitutes a double-point unloading device. When in use, each unloading pipe 11 corresponds to a different unloading point of the electrolytic cell 300, and each constant volume chamber 70101 unloads alternately.

[0049] When the alumina raw materials enter the electrolytic cell and undergo a physical and chemical reaction, a back-blowing wind with a relatively large wind pressure will be generated above the electrolytic cell. Figure 2 In the specific embodiment shown, the feeding port 702 is located at the top of the constant volume chamber 701, and a first sealing plate 6 is provided at the discharge port 501 of the material container 5. A second sealing plate 8 is connected to each constant volume chamber 70101. When one of the constant volume chambers 70101 is in the unloading station, the first sealing plate 6 is used to seal the feeding port 702 of the constant volume chamber 70101, and the second sealing plate 8 is used to seal the unloading hole 901 corresponding to the other constant volume chamber 70101.

[0050] The first sealing plate 6 is used to prevent the back-blowing from entering the constant volume chamber 70101 and blowing the material out from the feeding port 702 in the reverse direction, so as to eliminate the interference of the back-blowing on the material discharge amount; the second sealing plate 8 is used to prevent the back-blowing from blowing out from the discharge hole 901 in the reverse direction. Figure 2 In the specific embodiment shown, the discharge pipe 11 corresponding to the discharge hole 901 sealed by the second sealing plate 8 is not connected to the constant volume chamber 70101 at the discharge station, so the second sealing plate 8 has no substantial effect on the discharge amount.

[0051] In other specific embodiments, since the back-blowing has little effect on the material discharge amount, the first sealing plate 6 and the second sealing plate 8 may not be provided.

[0052] It should be specially noted that, referring to the existing shelling and unloading device, the feeding port 702 can also be set at the side of the constant volume chamber 701. When the feeding port 702 is located at the side of the constant volume chamber 701, the material container 5 includes a container body and a sealing strip that is tightly attached to the feeding port 702. The portion of the sealing strip other than the discharge port 501 is used to seal the feeding port 702, so as to prevent the material from flowing out from the feeding port 702 in the reverse direction when the constant volume chamber 701 is in the unloading position. At this time, the material container 5 can also prevent the back-blowing wind from blowing the material out of the feeding port 702 in the reverse direction.

[0053] Preferably, Figure 2 In the specific embodiment shown, a collection chamber 10 is provided between the feed pipe 11 and the blocking plate 9, the upper part of the collection chamber 10 has a feed inlet for collecting materials, the lower part of the collection chamber 10 has a feed outlet for collecting materials, the feed inlet for collecting materials is larger than the feed outlet for collecting materials, and the collection chamber 10 has a guiding slope for guiding the materials to move toward the feed outlet for collecting materials, the feed inlet for collecting materials is connected with the feed hole 901, and the feed outlet for collecting materials is connected with the feed pipe 11, so as to connect the feed hole 901 with the feed pipe 11. The feed chamber 10 enables the materials to enter the feed pipe 11 more conveniently.

[0054] Specifically, a material collecting funnel is provided between the feed pipe 11 and the sealing plate 9 , and the material collecting funnel includes a material collecting chamber 10 . The material collecting funnel is welded under the sealing plate 9 . The feed pipe 11 is integrally formed with the material collecting funnel or welded at the material collecting outlet of the material collecting funnel. Each feed pipe 11 is equipped with a corresponding material collecting chamber 10 .

[0055] In other specific implementations, the feed pipe 11 may also be directly welded to the feed hole 901 of the sealing plate 9 .

[0056] To prevent the discharge port 501 from being blocked, preferably, Figure 2 In the specific embodiment shown, a vibrating plate 4 is connected to the outer wall of the material container 5, and a paddle 3 for paddle the vibrating plate 4 is connected to the output component of the driving mechanism. Specifically, a toothed vibrator is connected to the outer wall of the material container 5, and the toothed vibrator has a plurality of vibrating plates 4 in the movement direction of the constant volume chamber 701. The output component includes an output rod and a connecting rod 2 of the electric push rod 1, and the paddle 3 is welded to the output rod or the connecting rod 2.

[0057] When the output component of the driving mechanism moves, the paddle 3 can paddle the vibration plate 4, thereby causing the material container 5 to vibrate, thereby preventing the discharge port 501 of the material container 5 from being blocked.

[0058] In other specific embodiments, referring to the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN208501120U, a vibrator can also be installed on the material container 5. The structure of the vibrator is the same as the structure of the vibrator in the above utility model patent for avoiding blockage of the discharge hole, which will not be repeated here.

[0059] In other specific embodiments, the diameter of the discharge port 501 may be increased to avoid clogging of the discharge port 501 , and in this case, there is no need to provide a vibrator.

[0060] In the present invention, each container may be a common container such as a can or a box.

[0061] It should be noted that in Figure 2 In the specific implementation shown, since the constant volume chamber 701 has a feeding station and a material unloading station, in order to improve efficiency and simplify the structure, the number of constant volume sub-chambers 70101 is two, and the two constant volume sub-chambers 70101 alternately fill in and unload materials.

[0062] In other specific embodiments, the number of constant volume chambers 70101 can also be three, four or more, the material container 5 is provided with discharge ports 501 which are the same number as the constant volume chambers 70101, the sealing plate 9 is provided with discharge holes 901 which are the same number as the constant volume chambers 70101, and all the constant volume chambers 70101 are always in the same work station, thereby forming a discharge device with three, four or more points.

[0063] Specific embodiment 2 of the feeding device provided by the present invention: The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a single-point unloading device.

[0064] In reference Figures 4 and 5 On the basis of Figure 2~3 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that in specific embodiment 1, the number of the discharge pipes 11 is two, and the two discharge pipes 11 discharge materials at intervals to achieve double-point discharge; while in this embodiment, the number of the discharge pipe 11 is one to achieve single-point discharge.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the number of the unloading pipe 11 is one, and when the first constant volume sub-chamber and the second constant volume sub-chamber are in the unloading station, each constant volume sub-chamber 70101 is connected to the same unloading pipe 11, thereby realizing single-point unloading. The organic combination of the single-point unloading device and the double-point unloading device can adapt to electrolytic cells of various specifications, especially to electrolytic cells with an odd number of unloading points.

[0066] In order to avoid the back-blowing affecting the material discharge amount, preferably, Figure 3 In the specific embodiment shown, a first sealing plate 6 is provided at the discharge port 501 of the material container 5, and each constant volume chamber 70101 is connected to a second sealing plate 8. When one of the constant volume chambers 70101 is in the unloading station, the first sealing plate 6 is used to seal the feeding port 702 of the constant volume chamber 70101, and the second sealing plate 8 is used to seal the unloading hole 901 corresponding to the other constant volume chamber 70101.

[0067] At this time, what is different from the specific embodiment 1 is that since there is only one discharge pipe 11 and the discharge pipe 11 is connected to both discharge holes 901, the first sealing plate 6 can effectively prevent the material in the corresponding constant volume chamber 70101 from being discharged in reverse from the feeding port 702, and the second sealing plate 8 can effectively prevent the material in the discharge pipe 11 from being discharged in reverse from the discharge port corresponding to the other constant volume chamber 70101.

[0068] Similar to the specific embodiment 1, in other specific implementations of the specific embodiment 2, the first sealing plate 6 and the second sealing plate 8 may not be provided.

[0069] It should be specially noted that in specific embodiment 2, the feed hole 901 is a vertical hole, and the horizontal distance between the lower ends of the two feed holes 901 is relatively large. In order to facilitate the two feed holes 901 to be connected to the same feed pipe 11, a collection funnel (that is, a collection chamber 10) is provided between the feed pipe 11 and the sealing plate 9.

[0070] However, in other specific implementations, the material discharge hole 901 may also be configured as an inclined hole to reduce the horizontal distance between the lower ends of the two material discharge holes 901, thereby eliminating the need for a material collection funnel.

[0071] Specific embodiment 3 of the feeding device provided by the present invention: The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a material unloading device that does not include a constant volume chamber.

[0072] Reference Figures 2~5 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 2 is that: in specific embodiment 2, there are two feeding holes 901, only one feeding pipe 11, and the constant volume chamber 701 is divided into two constant volume sub-chambers 70101, and the two constant volume sub-chambers 70101 are alternately fed to form a two-chamber single-point feeding device; while in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the constant volume chamber 701 is not divided into constant volume sub-chambers 70101, and there is only one discharge pipe 11 which is welded on the sealing plate 9 to form a single-chamber single-point discharge device.

[0073] Specific embodiment 4 of the feeding device provided by the present invention: The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a material discharge device with a constant volume chamber performing rotational motion.

[0074] In reference Figures 2~4 On the basis of Figure 5 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 2 is that: in specific embodiment 2, the driving mechanism is a direct-acting driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber 701 to move horizontally; while in this embodiment, the driving mechanism is a rotational driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber 701 to rotate.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber 701 are located on the same circumference, and the center of the circle corresponding to the circumference is located on the rotation axis of the constant volume chamber 701. Figure 5 In the specific embodiment shown, the mobile container 7 is a cylindrical container, the rotation drive mechanism is a stepper motor 12, the output shaft of the stepper motor 12 is transmission-connected to the mobile container 7 to drive the mobile container 7 to rotate, and the rotation axis of the mobile container 7 coincides with its own axis.

[0076] When in use, the stepper motor 12 drives the mobile container 7 to rotate a set angle (it can rotate forward all the time, or intermittently rotate forward and reverse), thereby switching the station of the constant volume chamber 701. At this time, if the feeding port 702 is located at the side of the constant volume chamber 701, the material container 5 includes a sealing ring sleeved on the outside of the feeding port 702, and the sealing ring is provided with a discharge port 501. The portion of the sealing ring other than the discharge port 501 is used to seal the feeding port 702.

[0077] In other specific embodiments, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the material replenishment station and the material unloading station of the constant volume chamber 701 are located on the same arc, and the center of the circle corresponding to the arc is located on the rotation axis of the constant volume chamber 701.

[0078] At this time, the mobile container 7 is a fan-shaped container, the rotation drive mechanism is a stepper motor 12, the output shaft of the stepper motor 12 is transmission-connected to the mobile container 7, and the rotation axis of the mobile container 7 coincides with the axis corresponding to the cylinder where the fan-shaped container is located.

[0079] When in use, the stepper motor 12 is driven to intermittently rotate forward and reversely, thereby switching the working position of the constant volume chamber 701. At this time, if the feeding port 702 is located at the side of the constant volume chamber 701, the material container 5 includes an arc-shaped sealing strip tightly attached to the outside of the feeding port 702, and the sealing strip is provided with a discharge port 501. The portion of the sealing strip other than the discharge port 501 is used to seal the feeding port 702.

[0080] When a vibration plate 4 is provided on the material container 5 , a circle of paddles 3 is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor 12 , and the paddles 3 rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the stepping motor 12 to paddle the vibration plate 4 .

[0081] Specific embodiments of the feeding system provided by the present invention: In reference Figures 2~5 On the basis of Figures 6-8As shown, the unloading system includes a host computer 400 and at least one unloading subsystem. The host computer 400 is used to control the unloading subsystem. Each unloading subsystem is used to unload materials to different electrolytic cells 300. Each unloading subsystem includes at least one unloading device and a control system for controlling the unloading device. The unloading device is any one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4 of the unloading device of the present invention. Each unloading pipe 11 is used to unload materials to different fire holes.

[0082] The number of unloading subsystems is the same as the number of electrolytic cells 300, and can be one set, two sets or more as required. The number of unloading devices depends on the number of unloading points and the number of unloading pipes 11 in the unloading device. For example, two double-point unloading devices are set at four unloading points of a 200 kA-class aluminum electrolytic cell 300, and three unloading devices are set at five unloading points of a 300 kA-class aluminum electrolytic cell 300, of which a single-point unloading device is set at the central unloading point, and two double-point unloading devices are set at the remaining points; three double-point unloading devices are set at six unloading points of a 400 kA and 500 kA-class aluminum electrolytic cell 300; and three double-point unloading devices and one single-point unloading device are set at seven unloading points of a 600 kA-class aluminum electrolytic cell 300.

[0083] Of course, a three-point or four-point unloading device may be provided as required, and each unloading point only needs to have a unloading pipe 11, which will not be described in detail here.

[0084] Among them, when all single-point feeding devices are used, the number of feeding devices is large and the cost is high; when a double-point feeding device is set between two close feeding points, the number of feeding devices can be effectively reduced and the cost can be saved; when a three-point or four-point feeding device is used, the distance between the two most edge feeding points is far, so the feeding device is large. In summary, the double-point feeding device is preferred.

[0085] like Figure 8 As shown, the unloading device is configured with a corresponding circuit structure to form an unloading module 100. The unloading module 100 includes a power supply 13 for powering the driving mechanism, and there is a forward branch and a reverse branch between the power supply 13 and the driving mechanism. Each branch includes an intermediate relay 14, a time relay 15 and a contactor 16. The time relay 15 is used to control the contactor 16 to open or close at a certain time, so that the two branches are alternately turned on, so that the driving mechanism alternates forward and reverse motions, and then alternately switches the station of the constant volume chamber 701. Among them, the intermediate relay 14 controls the time relay 15. After the constant volume chamber 701 switches the station, the time relay 15 can be powered off for a set time, so that the constant volume chamber 701 stays at the station for a set time. The frequency of unloading can be adjusted by the time relay 15, and the unloading can be carried out within a specified time, thereby adjusting the unloading amount per unit time, adding materials in small amounts and multiple times, and better controlling the concentration of alumina.

[0086] The control module 200 includes a PLC controller and a single-chip microcomputer arranged in a control box outside the electrolytic cell 300. The PLC controller and the single-chip microcomputer are used to control the driving mechanism of the unloading device so that the constant volume chamber 701 switches between the unloading station and the feeding station. The circuit structure of the control module 200 and the unloading module 100 except the unloading device constitutes a control system for controlling the unloading device. The upper computer 400 controls the control system to control each unloading device to unload at an appropriate time, and at the same time controls the unloading amount of each unloading device per unit time, and feeds in small amounts and multiple times, thereby more accurately controlling the concentration of alumina.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents, or organically combine different types of specific implementations to combine the specific implementations given in the accompanying drawings. Of course, those skilled in the art can also combine the specific implementations not given in the other drawings of the specification. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feeding device, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell comprises a material container, a mobile container, a driving mechanism and a material discharge component, wherein the mobile container comprises a constant volume chamber, the material container has a material discharge port, the constant volume chamber has a material supply port and a material discharge port at the bottom, the material discharge component comprises a blocking plate and a material discharge pipe located below the blocking plate and used for discharging material into the fire hole of the electrolytic cell, and the blocking plate comprises a blocking portion and a material discharge hole connected to the material discharge pipe; The constant volume chamber has a feeding station and a material unloading station, and the driving mechanism is connected to the mobile container and is used to drive the constant volume chamber to switch between the feeding station and the material unloading station; When the constant volume chamber is in the feeding position, the feeding port is connected with the discharging port, and the discharging port is blocked by the blocking part; When the constant volume chamber is at the unloading position, the discharge port is blocked by the movable container, and the discharge port is connected with the unloading pipe through the unloading hole.

2. The feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is a direct-acting driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber to move horizontally. The arrangement direction of the feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber is the same as the movement direction of the constant volume chamber.

3. The feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is a rotary driving mechanism for driving the constant volume chamber to rotate. The feeding station and the unloading station of the constant volume chamber are located on the same arc or the same circumference, and the center of the arc or the circumference corresponding to the circle is located on the rotation axis of the constant volume chamber.

4. The feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The constant volume chamber comprises a first constant volume sub-chamber and a second constant volume sub-chamber. When one of the constant volume sub-chambers is at a material unloading station, the other constant volume sub-chamber is at a material replenishing station.

5. The feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two unloading pipes, which are divided into a first unloading pipe corresponding to the first constant volume chamber and a second unloading pipe corresponding to the second constant volume chamber. Each unloading pipe is equipped with a corresponding unloading hole. When the first constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the first constant volume chamber is connected to the first unloading pipe. When the second constant volume chamber is in the unloading position, the second constant volume chamber is connected to the second unloading pipe.

6. The feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeding port is located at the top of the constant volume chamber, and a sealing plate is provided at the discharge port of the material container. When one of the constant volume chambers is in the unloading position, the sealing plate is used to seal the feeding port of the constant volume chamber.

7. The feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is one unloading pipe. When the first constant volume chamber and the second constant volume chamber are in the unloading position, each constant volume chamber is connected to the same unloading pipe. A first sealing plate is provided at the discharge port of the material container, and each constant volume chamber is connected to a second sealing plate. When one of the constant volume chambers is in the unloading position, the first sealing plate is used to seal the feeding port of the constant volume chamber, and the second sealing plate is used to seal the unloading hole corresponding to the other constant volume chamber.

8. The feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A collection chamber is provided between the discharge pipe and the sealing plate, the upper part of the collection chamber is provided with an aggregate feed port, the lower part of the collection chamber is provided with an aggregate discharge port, the aggregate feed port is larger than the aggregate discharge port, and the collection chamber has a guiding slope for guiding the material to move toward the aggregate discharge port, the aggregate feed port is connected with the discharge hole, and the aggregate discharge port is connected with the discharge pipe, so as to connect the discharge hole and the discharge pipe.

9. The feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A vibration plate is connected to the outer wall of the material container, a paddle for prying the vibration plate is connected to the output component of the driving mechanism, and the surface of the blocking part for blocking the discharge port is a self-lubricating surface.

10. A material unloading system, comprising a host computer and at least one unloading subsystem, wherein the host computer is used to control the unloading subsystem, and each unloading subsystem is used to unload materials for different electrolytic cells, characterized in that: Each unloading subsystem includes at least one unloading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 and a control system for controlling the unloading device, and each unloading pipe is used to unload materials into different fire holes.

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