Tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device
By using adaptive compression protection device and blades and blades on the anchors in the tunnel entrance slope protection anchor construction device, the problem of soil layer deformation during anchor insertion is solved, and more efficient construction and more solid anchor slope connection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510110711.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
AI Technical Summary
When inserting anchors at the tunnel opening, there is a problem of deformation or cracking of the soil layer around the anchor rod in the prior art, especially in soft soil layers. When inserting the anchor rod at the inclined surface, torque force will be generated, and a slurry storage tank is required during the grouting process, which increases the construction time and risk of soil deformation.
A tunnel entrance slope protection anchor construction device is designed, and the anchor rod insertion position is used to tighten the anchor rod to prevent deformation of the soil layer. A slurry storage tank is opened during the insertion process through the knife rod and blade set on the anchor rod. Combined with the overall function of the slurry storage tank and the knife rod during the grouting process, the connection between the anchor rod and the slope is enhanced.
It effectively prevents the deformation or cracking of the soil layer during the anchor insertion process, simplifies the construction process, improves the construction efficiency, and enhances the firmness of the connection between the anchor and the tunnel entrance slope.
Smart Images
Figure CN119933138A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, in particular to a tunnel opening slope protection anchor rod construction device. Background Art
[0002] Tunnels are engineering structures buried in the ground, and are a form of human use of underground space. Tunnels can be divided into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, and military tunnels. During the construction of tunnels, the tunnel entrance is prone to collapse due to the lack of overall support. For this reason, the prior art usually sets the tunnel entrance as an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is used to increase the contact area between the tunnel entrance and the geological layer. In order to further enhance the stability of the tunnel entrance, it is necessary to insert multiple anchor rods on the inclined surface of the tunnel entrance, and then grout the anchor rods, so that the inclined surface of the tunnel entrance is reinforced into a whole, thereby achieving the purpose of further enhancing the stability of the tunnel entrance. In the prior art, two methods are usually used to insert anchor rods at the tunnel entrance, namely direct insertion method and drilling insertion method. The drilling insertion method is to first drill the anchor hole where the anchor is needed, then insert the anchor into the anchor hole, and then grout the gap between the anchor hole and the anchor for reinforcement. This method has high construction efficiency, but when the tunnel entrance is in a soft soil layer, after the anchor hole is opened, the anchor hole is easily collapsed after the drill rod that opened the anchor hole is pulled out. Therefore, when encountering soft soil, the direct insertion method is usually used, that is, the anchor is screwed into the specified position through the anchor drilling device, but this method has the following defects when inserting the anchor on the slope:
[0003] 1. Since the anchor rod is inserted into the inclined surface by rotation, the torque force generated during the rotation and insertion process will cause the soil layer around the anchor rod to deform or crack;
[0004] 2. After the anchor rod is fully inserted, grouting needs to be performed inside the anchor rod. During the grouting process, in order to prevent the slurry from sliding down the slope, it is necessary to open a hole at each anchor rod insertion point. Figure 7 The slurry storage groove 300 shown can temporarily store slurry to prevent a large amount of slurry from sliding down the inclined surface. When the anchor rod is inserted by the direct insertion method, special equipment is also required to open the slurry storage groove 300. On the one hand, it prolongs the construction time. On the other hand, after the slurry storage groove 300 is set, during the process of inserting the anchor rod, the surrounding soil is deformed and the slurry storage groove 300 is blocked again. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0007] A tunnel entrance slope protection anchor construction device comprises a frame, the frame is fixedly connected to a column, a mechanical arm is installed on the upper end of the column, an anchor drilling device is installed at the front end of the mechanical arm, an arc track is provided on the frame, a slider is slidably connected to the arc track, a lifter is installed on one side of the slider, the telescopic end of the lifter is fixedly connected to a base plate, the base plate is rotatably connected to a conveyor belt bracket through a hinge seat, the conveyor belt bracket is equipped with a conveyor belt, the conveying surface of the conveyor belt is fixedly connected to an anchor storage tube, anchors are stored in the anchor storage tube, and an adaptive clamping protection device is installed on the conveyor belt bracket, the adaptive clamping protection device is used to perform compression protection on the position where the anchor is inserted into the tunnel entrance slope.
[0008] Preferably, the adaptive clamping protection device includes a mounting plate fixed to one side of the conveyor belt support, the mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole, the hole wall of the mounting hole is provided with two coaxially arranged rotating holes, each rotating hole is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, a clamping ring is fixedly connected between the two rotating shafts, and a first torsion spring is installed between the rotating shaft and the hole wall of the rotating hole.
[0009] Preferably, two grooves are provided at one end of the clamping ring.
[0010] Preferably, the anchor rod includes a through hole at one end, two through grooves are provided on the outer wall of the anchor rod, each of the through grooves is connected to the through hole, a slide plate is provided in the through hole, guide blocks are provided on both sides of the slide plate, the guide blocks extend into the through groove and can slide back and forth along the through groove, an installation groove is provided on the guide block, the installation groove is rotatably connected to the knife rod through a rotating pin, a blade is installed on the knife rod, and a second torsion spring is installed between the rotating pin and the through groove.
[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the anchor rod storage tube is a tapered hole.
[0012] Preferably, a first hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the base plate and the conveyor belt support.
[0013] Preferably, the lifter is a second hydraulic cylinder.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0015] The invention discloses a tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device which protects the part where the anchor rod is driven in by means of compression, thereby preventing the soil layer around the anchor rod from being deformed or cracked during the process of driving the anchor rod. Meanwhile, the compression ring is hingedly arranged so as to fully contact the entire bottom plane of the portal side plate, thereby being adaptable to use at different slope angles and also being adaptable to use at different anchor rod angles.
[0016] By designing the anchor rod and setting a cutter rod and a blade on the anchor rod, on the one hand, a grouting groove can be opened simultaneously during the process of driving the anchor rod, and on the other hand, the cutter rod can be left in the grouting groove. During the grouting process, the grouting groove and the cutter rod form a whole, which plays a role in auxiliary reinforcement of the anchor rod and enhances the firmness of the connection between the anchor rod and the tunnel entrance slope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at A;
[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the storage tube, the adaptive compression protection device, and the anchor rod of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adaptive compression protection device of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional arrangement diagram of the anchor rod and storage tube of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the skateboard of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a tunnel opening in the prior art;
[0024] Figure 8 It is a reference diagram of the working state of the present invention;
[0025] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of the structure at W;
[0026] Fig.10 This is a reference diagram for the state of opening the slurry storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 6The tunnel entrance slope protection anchor construction device shown includes a frame 1. The frame 1 adopts a mobile trolley, which is convenient for overall movement. The frame 1 is fixedly connected to a column 11. A mechanical arm 12 is installed on the upper end of the column 11. An anchor drilling device 13 is installed at the front end of the mechanical arm 12. Both the mechanical arm 12 and the anchor drilling device 13 adopt existing technologies. The mechanical arm 12 can change the overall position and angle of the anchor drilling device 13. The anchor drilling device 13 can grab the anchor and insert it into the geological layer in a rotating manner.
[0030] The frame 1 is provided with an arc track 2, on which a slider 21 is slidably connected, and a running device is installed on the slider 21, and the running device is used to drive the slider to slide back and forth on the arc track 2. The running device is a prior art and will not be described here. A lifter 22 is installed on one side of the slider 21, and the lifter 22 is a second hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic end of the lifter 22 is fixedly connected to a base plate 24, and the base plate 24 is rotatably connected to a conveyor belt support through an articulated seat 25. A first hydraulic cylinder 26 is hinged between the base plate 24 and the conveyor belt support. The conveyor belt support can be driven to rotate by the first hydraulic cylinder 26, thereby changing the angle between the conveyor belt support and the tunnel opening slope. The conveyor belt support is equipped with a conveyor belt 3, and an anchor rod storage tube 5 is fixedly connected to the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 3, and the upper end of the anchor rod storage tube 5 is a tapered hole 51. Anchor rods 7 are stored in the anchor rod storage tube 5, and an adaptive compression protection device 6 is installed on the conveyor belt support. The adaptive compression protection device 6 is used to perform compression protection on the position where the anchor rod 7 is inserted into the tunnel opening slope. The adaptive clamping protection device 6 comprises a mounting plate 61 fixed to one side of the conveyor belt support, a mounting hole 62 is arranged on the mounting plate 61, two coaxially arranged rotating holes are arranged on the hole wall of the mounting hole 62, each rotating hole is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 65, a clamping ring 63 is fixedly connected between the two rotating shafts 65, and two grooves 64 are arranged at one end of the clamping ring 63. A first torsion spring is arranged between the rotating shaft 65 and the hole wall of the rotating hole.
[0031] During use, the anchor rod 7 is first inserted into the anchor rod storage tube 5, and then the following steps are performed according to the specific position where the anchor rod is to be inserted: first determine the specific insertion position of the anchor rod, then move the slider 21 on the arc track 2 to change the position of the conveyor belt 3 on the tunnel entrance slope, and then transmit the conveyor belt 3 together with the anchor rod 7 to the position where the anchor rod is to be inserted, and drive the conveyor belt support to rotate through the first hydraulic cylinder 26, thereby changing the angle between the conveyor belt support and the tunnel entrance slope, which is equivalent to changing the angle between the anchor rod 7 and the inclined surface of the tunnel entrance slope, so that the anchor rod 7 is inserted into the tunnel entrance slope in different directions. In this way, the anchor rod can be inserted into the tunnel entrance slope at different angles. During the insertion of the anchor rod, the anchor rod storage tube 5 can also be used to guide the anchor rod. At the same time, before inserting the anchor rod, the lifter 22 drives the conveyor belt support to descend, so that the adaptive clamping protection device 6 descends and contacts the inclined surface of the slope of the tunnel entrance. Since a first torsion spring is installed between the rotating shaft 65 and the hole wall of the rotating hole, when the clamping ring 63 contacts the inclined surface of the slope of the tunnel entrance, the clamping ring 63 rotates around the rotating shaft 65, so that the lower surface of the clamping ring 63 is in close contact with the inclined surface of the slope of the tunnel entrance, so that the position where the anchor rod needs to be inserted is clamped by the clamping ring 63, which is equivalent to strengthening the soil around the anchor rod position, and this clamping force continues to exist during the process of inserting the anchor rod. Therefore, the torque force generated during the process of inserting the anchor rod will not cause the soil around the anchor rod position to deform or crack.
[0032] Example 2
[0033] The anchor rod 7 includes a through hole 70 at one end, two through slots 71 on the outer wall of the anchor rod 7, each through slot 71 is connected to the through hole 70, a slide plate 8 is provided in the through hole 70, guide blocks 81 are provided on both sides of the slide plate 8, the guide blocks 81 extend into the through slot 71 and can slide back and forth along the through slot 71, a mounting groove is provided on the guide block 81, a knife bar 82 is rotatably connected in the mounting groove through a rotating pin, a blade is installed on the knife bar 82, and a second torsion spring is installed between the rotating pin and the through slot 71. An arc-shaped elastic rubber strip 83 is provided on the slide plate 8, and multiple rib rings 72 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 70, and the inner diameters of the multiple rib rings 72 decrease from bottom to top. When the anchor rod 7 is in the initial state, the torque force of the second torsion spring causes the cutter bar 82 to open, and the angle between the two cutter bars 82 is 150°. When the anchor rod 7 is inserted into the storage tube 5, the two cutter bars 82 fit the wall of the tapered hole 51 and cannot pass through the storage tube 5. When the anchor rod drilling device 13 inserts the anchor rod 7 into the slope of the tunnel entrance, the anchor rod drilling device 13 generates pressure and rotation force on the anchor rod 7. After the anchor rod 7 is subjected to pressure, the cutter bar 82 rotates toward the center of the anchor rod 7 under the action of the tapered hole 51 and shrinks into the through groove 71. At this time, the anchor rod 7 can pass through the storage tube 5 and pass through the center of the clamping ring 63 and be inserted into the slope of the tunnel entrance. When the anchor rod 7 is inserted, the knife bar 82 leaves the storage tube 5, and the torque force of the second torsion spring causes the knife bar 82 to open. At this time, the knife bar 82 can just extend into the groove 64 of the clamping ring 63, and the knife bar 82 is limited by the groove 64 to prevent the knife bar 82 from opening too much. As the anchor rod 7 continues to rotate and descend, the knife bar 82 and the blade open a slurry storage groove 300 at the end of the anchor rod. During the descent of the anchor rod, the rib ring 72 contacts the elastic strip 83 in turn, and the elastic strip 83 forms an elastic barrier to the descent of the rib ring 72. Conversely, the rib ring 72 needs to generate downward pressure on the elastic strip 83. Under the action of this downward pressure, the slide plate 8 is pressed. In this way, when the knife bar 82 and the blade rotate to open the slurry storage groove 300, the slide plate 8 can continue to move downward effectively. During the descent of the slide plate 8, it will rotate with the anchor rod 7. See Fig.10 , at this time, the blade contacts the tunnel entrance slope, so that the grouting groove 300 can be opened. In the process of opening the grouting groove 300, the slope slopes around the grouting groove 300 are all pressed by the clamping ring 63, and the surrounding soil layer will not be deformed in the process of opening the grouting groove 300. When the anchor rod is fully inserted into the slope slope, the cutter bar 82 is just located in the grouting groove 300, and grouting is performed from the top of the anchor rod 7. The slurry penetrates into the soil from the through groove 71, so that the anchor rod 7 and the surrounding soil form a whole, thereby realizing the reinforcement of the tunnel entrance slope, and the cutter bar 82 is located in the grouting groove 300. After the slurry enters the grouting groove 300, it is combined with the cutter bar 82 to form a whole, so that the cutter bar 82 plays a role in auxiliary reinforcement of the anchor rod, and enhances the firmness of the connection between the anchor rod 7 and the tunnel entrance slope.
[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected, and the scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A tunnel entrance slope protection anchor bolt construction device, comprising a frame (1), wherein the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a column (11), a mechanical arm (12) is mounted on the upper end of the column (11), and an anchor bolt drilling device (13) is mounted on the front end of the mechanical arm (12), wherein: The frame (1) is provided with an arc track (2), a slider (21) is slidably connected to the arc track (2), a lifter (22) is installed on one side of the slider (21), the telescopic end of the lifter (22) is fixedly connected to a base plate (24), the base plate (24) is rotatably connected to a conveyor belt bracket via a hinge seat (25), a conveyor belt (3) is installed on the conveyor belt bracket, an anchor rod storage tube (5) is fixedly connected to the conveying surface of the conveyor belt (3), an anchor rod (7) is stored in the anchor rod storage tube (5), and an adaptive clamping protection device (6) is installed on the conveyor belt bracket, and the adaptive clamping protection device (6) is used to perform clamping protection on the position where the anchor rod (7) is inserted into the tunnel entrance slope.
2. A tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive clamping protection device (6) comprises a mounting plate (61) fixed to one side of the conveyor belt support, the mounting plate (61) is provided with a mounting hole (62), the hole wall of the mounting hole (62) is provided with two coaxially arranged rotating holes, each rotating hole is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft (65), a clamping ring (63) is fixedly connected between the two rotating shafts (65), and a first torsion spring is provided between the rotating shaft (65) and the hole wall of the rotating hole.
3. A tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the clamping ring (63) is provided with two grooves (64).
4. A tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod (7) comprises a through hole (70) at one end, two through grooves (71) are arranged on the outer wall of the anchor rod (7), each through groove (71) is connected to the through hole (70), a slide plate (8) is arranged in the through hole (70), guide blocks (81) are arranged on both sides of the slide plate (8), the guide blocks (81) extend into the through groove (71) and can slide back and forth along the through groove (71), a mounting groove is arranged on the guide block (81), a knife rod (82) is rotatably connected in the mounting groove through a rotating pin, a blade is arranged on the knife rod (82), and a second torsion spring is arranged between the rotating pin and the through groove (71).
5. The tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the anchor rod storage tube (5) is a tapered hole (51).
6. A tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A first hydraulic cylinder (26) is hingedly connected between the base plate (24) and the conveyor belt support.
7. The tunnel portal slope protection anchor rod construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifter (22) is a second hydraulic cylinder.