A method, device and system for detecting civil engineering pile foundation holes

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of basic detection technologies, and particularly relates to a detection method, device and system for civil engineering pile foundation holes, including measuring the pile foundation hole to obtain ultrasonic echo signals; calculating a radial distance time history curve according to the ultrasonic echo signals; calculating a radial error of the hole wall according to the radial distance time history curve; judging an initial offset depth based on the radial error of the hole wall; performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to the initial offset depth to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to the initial offset depth; calculating a hole diameter offset degree according to the stability influence factor and the radial error of the hole wall; and judging the inclination state of the pile foundation hole based on each hole diameter offset degree. By analyzing the ultrasonic echo signals at different depths of the basic hole, the present invention obtains the radial error of the hole wall, and further analyzes the influence of the rock mass on the ultrasonic echo during under-reaming to determine the stability influence factor, and weightedly corrects the radial error of the hole wall, thereby improving the accuracy of judging the hole inclination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of basic detection, and particularly relates to a detection method, device and system for pile foundation holes in civil engineering. Background Art

[0002] In civil engineering, a pile foundation hole is a hole drilled for a cast-in-place concrete pile to improve the bearing capacity and seismic resistance of a building foundation. After the pile foundation hole is drilled, a steel reinforcement cage is inserted into the hole, and then concrete is poured. After the concrete solidifies, it becomes a foundation pile in close contact with the surrounding soil layer. This method of pile making is more cost-effective and time-saving than driving concrete piles or steel piles, and is a widely used method in modern construction engineering.

[0003] However, due to objective factors such as uneven soil layers or equipment vibration during the construction process of the foundation hole, the problem of drilling inclination may occur in the pile foundation hole, resulting in the actual drilling possibly deviating from the designed position, the hole axis not being perpendicular or deviating from the axis. If not corrected or intervened in time, it will have potential impacts on the structural performance, safety and service life of the entire project by the pile foundation. However, there is no way to confirm the inclination position of the drilled hole in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection method, device and system for pile foundation holes in civil engineering. To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a detection method for pile foundation holes in civil engineering, and the method includes: measuring different depths of the pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, where the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed along the axis of the pile foundation hole; calculating, according to the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, a radial distance time history curve at each depth; calculating a radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth; judging the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; respectively performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each initial offset depth to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each initial offset depth; calculating a hole diameter offset degree according to the stability influence factor and the radial error of the hole wall corresponding to each initial offset depth; judging each hole diameter offset degree one by one based on a preset offset threshold to obtain the inclination state at each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, calculating the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth includes: performing a linear fitting on the radial distance time history curve to obtain a fitting straight line, where the slope of the fitting straight line is 0, and denoting the intercept of the fitting straight line as the fitting radial distance; confirming the radial distance of the hole wall corresponding to each moment according to the radial distance time history curve; statistically obtaining the number of deviations exceeding the deviation threshold for all the radial distances of the hole wall based on a preset deviation threshold and the fitting radial distance; and calculating the radial error of the hole wall based on the fitting radial distance, the number of deviations, and the radial distance of the hole wall corresponding to each moment.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively to obtain the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths includes: performing a linear fitting on the radial distance time history curve to obtain a fitting straight line, where the slope of the fitting straight line is 0; obtaining the aperture deviation corresponding to each moment based on the difference between the radial distance time history curve and the fitting straight line at each moment; confirming the aperture offset time period and two adjacent time periods in the ultrasonic echo signal based on a preset deviation threshold and all the aperture deviations, where each of the aperture deviations within the aperture offset time period is greater than the deviation threshold, and the two adjacent time periods are adjacent to the aperture offset time period in time sequence respectively; extracting the aperture offset signal and two adjacent signals from the ultrasonic echo signal based on the aperture offset time period and the two adjacent time periods; and calculating the stability influence factor based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, calculating the stability influence factor based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals includes: respectively extracting the time history curves of the echo intensity and the echo time corresponding to the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals by performing time history curve extraction on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals respectively; calculating the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor respectively according to the time history curve of the echo time and the time history curve of the echo intensity; and calculating the mean value based on the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor to obtain the stability influence factor.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the calculation method of the intensity influence factor includes: calculating the variances of the time history curves of the echo intensity corresponding to the two adjacent signals respectively; calculating the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter based on the depth corresponding to the aperture offset signal; and calculating the intensity influence factor by performing calculations on the variance, the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter, and the time history curve of the echo intensity based on a preset influence factor calculation function.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the error threshold is 0.85.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the offset threshold is 0.9.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for detecting a civil engineering pile foundation hole. The method includes: measuring different depths of the pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, where the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed along the axis of the pile foundation hole; calculating, based on the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, a radial distance time history curve at each depth; calculating, based on the radial distance time history curve at each depth, a radial error of the hole wall at each depth position; judging the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; respectively performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; calculating a correction factor based on the ultrasonic echo signals at two adjacent depths corresponding to each of the initial offset depths and correcting and updating the stability influence factor based on the correction factor; calculating an aperture offset degree based on the stability influence factor and the radial error of the hole wall corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; and judging each of the aperture offset degrees one by one based on a preset offset threshold to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system, including: a measurement module for measuring different depths of a pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, where the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed along the axis of the pile foundation hole; a curve calculation module for calculating, based on the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, a radial distance time history curve at each depth; an error calculation module for calculating, based on the radial distance time history curve at each depth, a radial error of the hole wall at each depth position; an error judgment module for judging, based on a preset error threshold, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; a fluctuation analysis module for respectively performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; an offset calculation module for calculating, based on the stability influence factor and the radial error of the hole wall corresponding to each of the initial offset depths, a degree of aperture offset; and an inclination judgment module for judging, based on a preset offset threshold, each of the degrees of aperture offset one by one to obtain an inclination state at each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device, including: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for implementing the steps of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method when executing the computer program.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In the present invention, by analyzing the regularity degree of the ultrasonic echo signal intensity and propagation time at different depth positions of the basic hole, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position of the pile foundation hole is obtained, and it is preliminarily judged at which depth positions the pile foundation hole is inclined; and the problem of offset affected by rock mass when the pile foundation hole is under-reamed is further analyzed. Therefore, the under-reaming influence of the pile foundation hole at different depths is determined, and finally the radial error of the hole wall is weighted and corrected by the stability influence factor of the pile foundation hole at different depths, so as to judge whether there is a problem of hole inclination in the civil engineering pile foundation hole, and specific position information of the hole inclination is provided. It effectively improves the scientificity, accuracy and objectivity of judging the problem of hole inclination in the pile foundation hole in civil engineering. At the same time, the aperture offset detection is realized by ultrasonic waves, without damaging the hole wall, and has good non-destructiveness and real-time performance. Description of the Drawings

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic flow chart of a method for detecting civil engineering pile foundation holes provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic flow chart of step S3 provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic flow chart of step S5 provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic flow chart of a method for detecting civil engineering pile foundation holes provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device described in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0024] Reference signs in the figure: 800, civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device; 801, processor; 802, memory; 803, multimedia component; 804, I / O interface; 805, communication component. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and effects of a method, device and system for detecting civil engineering pile foundation holes according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] The following specifically describes the specific solution of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a schematic flow chart of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, this embodiment includes steps S1 - S7 in total.

[0030] S1. Measure different depths of the pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth. The ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed along the axis of the pile foundation hole.

[0031] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic detection device continuously measures downward along the axis direction of the pile foundation hole. During the process of gradually lowering the device to the bottom of the pile foundation hole, an ultrasonic signal is collected every fixed depth (such as 0.5 meters or other predetermined distances). When collecting the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth position, the ultrasonic probe is rotated at a preset speed (such as 2° / second or other set rotation speeds), and the ultrasonic echo intensity is collected at intervals of 0.5 seconds in sequence and the corresponding time is recorded, so as to obtain the ultrasonic echo signals of 360 sampling points within a 360° range at a rotation speed of 2° / second on the hole wall of the pile foundation hole at each depth. Among them, the emission pulse of the ultrasonic signal is a high-frequency pulse of 30 kHz. In other words, each depth of the pile foundation hole corresponds to an ultrasonic signal, each ultrasonic signal contains 360 ultrasonic echo intensities, and each ultrasonic echo intensity corresponds to a propagation moment.

[0032] S2. Calculate according to the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth to obtain the radial distance time history curve at each depth.

[0033] That is, in this step, based on the characteristics of the ultrasonic signal, each ultrasonic echo intensity is analyzed, and combined with the corresponding propagation time and sound speed, the propagation distance of the ultrasonic echo in the medium is calculated. The calculation result represents the radial distance between the ultrasonic probe and the hole wall of the pile foundation hole at each propagation moment. Through a series of measurements and calculations, a series of hole wall radial distance data changing with the rotation time can be obtained in this embodiment. In this embodiment, these hole wall radial distance data changing with the rotation time are called radial distance time history curves.

[0034] S3. Calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth.

[0035] In this embodiment, the specific situation of the ultrasonic detection device when vertically detecting downward along the hole axis of the pile foundation hole is considered. When there is no problem of aperture deviation in the hole wall at different depth positions of the pile foundation hole, the propagation time and ultrasonic echo intensity of the ultrasonic signal at each depth of the pile foundation hole will present a relatively regular pattern. Under ideal conditions, these values are fixed, meaning that there is no problem of hole diameter reduction or enlargement, that is, there is no local shrinkage or expansion of the hole diameter. However, during the construction process, due to the non-uniformity of the soil layer or the jitter of the equipment, aperture deviation may occur. In this case, the propagation time and intensity of the ultrasonic echo signal at certain depth positions will decrease or increase significantly, and the changes in the ultrasonic echo signal and propagation time will no longer follow the regularity. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the radial distance time history curve at each depth to determine whether there is a change in the hole diameter at this depth. To illustrate this more intuitively, reference can be made to Figure 2 . In Figure 2 , in this embodiment, one specific depth is used as an exemplary calculation to analyze whether there is a radial error in the hole wall at this depth.

[0036] S31. Perform a linear fitting on the radial distance time history curve to obtain a fitting line. The slope of the fitting line is 0, and the intercept of the fitting line is denoted as the fitting radial distance.

[0037] It should be noted that in the current step, the least squares method is adopted to fit the radial distance time history curve. Through this method, an optimal fitting line can be obtained, and the intercept part of this line is regarded as the fitting radial distance.

[0038] S32. Confirm the radial distance of the hole wall corresponding to each moment according to the radial distance time history curve.

[0039] S33. Based on a preset deviation threshold and the fitting radial distance, count the number of deviations exceeding the deviation threshold for all the radial distances of the hole wall.

[0040] Among them, the deviation threshold mentioned in this step is 5%. The method for calculating the aperture deviation is as follows: First, compare the radial distance of the hole wall with the radial distance obtained through the fitting technique. Then, calculate the difference between the two and take its absolute value. Finally, divide this absolute value by the fitting radial distance to obtain the deviation value. According to this calculation process, if the deviation value corresponding to the radial distance of the hole wall exceeds 5%, it is determined that this deviation is significant, and the deviation count is increased accordingly.

[0041] S34. Calculate the radial error of the hole wall based on the fitting radial distance, the number of deviations, and the radial distance of the hole wall corresponding to each moment.

[0042] Specifically, in this step, the calculation functional formula for the radial error of the hole wall is as follows:

[0043] ;

[0044] Wherein, represents the radial error of the hole wall; represents the linear normalization function; represents the number of calculated radial distances of the hole wall; represents the fitted radial distance; represents the th radial distance of the hole wall; represents the maximum value among the radial distances of the hole wall; represents the minimum value among the radial distances of the hole wall; represents the number of deviations.

[0045] In this embodiment, it is considered that the degree of the variation law of the radial distance of the hole wall can be reflected by analyzing the regular changes in the ultrasonic echo signal intensity and propagation time at different depth positions. Therefore, by obtaining the data of the radial distance, the radial error of the pile foundation hole at each depth position can be analyzed more accurately. In the above calculation functional formula, this expression reflects the deviation between the radial distance of the hole wall at the same depth of the pile foundation hole and the non-offset hole diameter under ideal conditions. The larger this value is, the greater the radial error of the hole wall at this depth position of the pile foundation hole, and thus the higher the possibility of the pile foundation hole being inclined at this depth position. At the same time, this parameter represents the variation range of the overall radial distance. The larger its value is, it also implies an increase in the possibility of the pile foundation hole having an inclination problem; and the increase in the value of

[0046] S4. Judging the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain multiple initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the error threshold is 0.85. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, it can be set to other values, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0048] S5. Performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths.

[0049] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, considering that in civil engineering, measures are usually taken to expand the bottom of the pile foundation hole to improve its load-bearing capacity and seismic resistance. In this way, the laterally cast foundation column will have better bearing capacity. However, when expanding the bottom of the pile foundation hole, the bottom is usually the deepest position, and the overall construction environment and difficulty are relatively complex. Due to the changes in the rock mass density and rock elastic modulus in some parts of the hole wall, the intensity and propagation time of ultrasonic signals in different directions at the same depth will also change, thus showing irregularity. If only the radial error of the hole wall at the depth position is analyzed, it may lead to incorrect analysis of the aperture deviation.

[0050] Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to overcome the above phenomena and conduct further in-depth analysis: Although the ultrasonic echo intensity and propagation time will show irregular changes in some directions at the bottom of the pile foundation hole, in fact, when the bottom of the pile foundation hole is expanded, it is usually expanded into a circular shape. Such a design is to more evenly disperse stress when bearing external forces, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure. Even in some directions, due to the changes in the rock mass density and rock elastic modulus, the ultrasonic echo intensity and propagation time may show irregular changes, but its adjacent sides usually remain relatively stable. Therefore, even in the presence of these changes, the stability of the ultrasonic signal can still be ensured. Based on these observations and analyses, this embodiment further considers the stability of the ultrasonic intensity and propagation time corresponding to the irregularly changing sides of the radial direction of the hole wall when expanding the bottom of the pile foundation hole, and obtains the stability influence factor accordingly. To illustrate this more specifically, reference can be made to Figure 3 In this embodiment, a demonstration example of signal fluctuation analysis using the ultrasonic echo signal at the initial offset depth will be shown.

[0051] S51. Based on a preset deviation threshold and all aperture deviations, confirm the aperture deviation time period and two adjacent time periods in the ultrasonic echo signal. Each of the aperture deviations within the aperture deviation time period is greater than the deviation threshold, and the two adjacent time periods are adjacent to the aperture deviation time period in sequence.

[0052] Specifically, the deviation threshold and the calculation method of the deviation mentioned in this step can refer to the relevant content of step S34, which will not be elaborated here. It should be noted that in this step, the number of sampling points in the confirmed aperture deviation time period should be greater than or equal to 15. If the continuous sampling points in the ultrasonic echo signal cannot reach more than 15, then the stability influence factor can be directly confirmed as 1. At the same time, the number of sampling points in the adjacent time period can also be set to 15. For those skilled in the art, other time lengths of the aperture deviation time period and adjacent time periods can also be adopted. The process will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0053] S52: extracting an aperture shift signal and two adjacent signals from the ultrasonic echo signal based on the aperture shift time period and the two adjacent time periods.

[0054] S53. Calculate a stability influencing factor based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals.

[0055] Specifically, in order to clarify the calculation process of the stability influencing factor, step S53 may also include steps S531 to S533.

[0056] S531 , extracting time history curves of the aperture shift signal and the two adjacent signals respectively, to obtain echo intensity time history curves and echo time time history curves corresponding to the aperture shift signal and the two adjacent signals respectively.

[0057] S532. Calculate the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor according to the echo time history curve and the echo intensity history curve respectively.

[0058] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, this embodiment takes the echo intensity time course curve as an example to provide a method for calculating the intensity impact factor. The details are as follows:

[0059] First, it is necessary to calculate the variances of the echo intensity time history curves corresponding to the two adjacent signals respectively.

[0060] Then, in this embodiment, it is considered that since the pile foundation hole is expanded at the bottom, the closer to the bottom, the more complex the construction environment and difficulty are. Therefore, as the depth of the pile foundation hole increases, the ultrasonic intensity corresponding to both sides of the aperture offset ultrasonic segment at the initial offset depth position should show higher stability. In order to ensure a more reasonable assessment of the degree of stability, the pile foundation hole depth influencing parameter is introduced in this embodiment. This parameter is calculated based on the depth corresponding to the aperture offset signal, and is intended to accurately reflect the influence of the pile foundation hole depth on the stability of the ultrasonic intensity.

[0061] That is, the calculation function of the pile foundation hole depth influencing parameter in this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] ;

[0063] in, Indicates the parameters affecting the depth of pile foundation hole; represents an exponential function with a natural constant as base; represents the depth corresponding to the aperture offset signal; Indicates the total depth of the pile foundation hole.

[0064] Finally, based on a preset influence factor calculation function, the variance, the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter, and the echo intensity time history curve are calculated to obtain an intensity influence factor. The calculation function formula of the intensity influence factor is as follows:

[0065] ;

[0066] wherein, represents the intensity influence factor; represents the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter; represents the variance of the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to an adjacent signal, that is, the variance of all ultrasonic intensities in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to an adjacent signal; represents the variance of the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to another adjacent signal, that is, the variance of all ultrasonic intensities in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to another adjacent signal; represents a non-zero adjustment coefficient, which can be set to 1 in this embodiment to prevent the denominator from being zero; represents the total number of sampling points in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to the adjacent signal; represents the th ultrasonic intensity in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to an adjacent signal; represents the th ultrasonic intensity in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to another adjacent signal.

[0067] In this embodiment, when and are smaller, it indicates that the fluctuations on both sides of the ultrasonic wave section of the aperture deviation are smaller, and the stability of the ultrasonic intensities corresponding to the irregular radial changes on both sides of the hole wall is better; at the same time, reflects the change difference of the ultrasonic intensities corresponding to the adjacent ultrasonic signal sections on both sides of the ultrasonic wave section of the aperture deviation. The smaller its value, the better the stability of the ultrasonic intensities corresponding to the irregular radial changes on both sides of the hole wall.

[0068] Similarly, the calculation method of the time influence factor can also be obtained by the above method. It will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0069] S533. Calculate the stability influence factor based on the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor by mean value calculation.

[0070] S6. Calculate the aperture deviation degree according to the stability influence factor corresponding to each initial deviation depth and the radial error of the hole wall.

[0071] wherein, the calculation function formula of the aperture deviation degree is as follows:

[0072] ;

[0073] Among them, represents the aperture offset degree; represents the sigmoid function, which is used for mapping normalization; represents the stability influence factor; represents the linear normalization function; represents the radial error of the hole wall.

[0074] In the above calculation formula, the radial error of the hole wall reflects the possibility of the inclination problem of the pile foundation hole at a certain depth position of the pile foundation hole. Ideally, the larger the radial error of the hole wall, the more likely the aperture of the pile foundation hole will be offset at the current depth, resulting in an inclination problem. It has a direct proportional relationship with the aperture offset degree; while the stability influence factor The larger it is, it indicates that the pile foundation hole has not shifted at the current depth position, which may be a misjudgment. It has an inverse proportional relationship with the aperture offset degree. Therefore, through the above formula, the aperture offset degree of the pile foundation hole at a certain initial offset depth position is obtained.

[0075] S7. Based on a preset offset threshold, each of the aperture offset degrees is judged one by one to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0076] Through the above steps, the degree of aperture offset of the pile foundation hole in civil engineering at different depth positions can be obtained. Further, by setting the offset threshold, it can be judged whether there is a problem of hole inclination in the civil engineering pile foundation hole.

[0077] That is, in this embodiment, the offset threshold is set to 0.9, and the depth position where the aperture offset degree is greater than the offset threshold is used as the depth position with hole inclination. At the same time, further, the radial distance of the hole wall at the depth position with hole inclination can be constructed into a polar coordinate diagram according to the angle, so as to intuitively see in which direction the aperture is offset, so as to adjust the drilling direction in subsequent construction.

[0078] In this embodiment, ultrasonic technology is used for aperture offset detection without damaging the hole wall, thus ensuring the non-destructiveness and real-time nature of the detection process. At the same time, by analyzing the regularity of ultrasonic echo signal intensity and propagation time at different depth positions of civil engineering pile foundation holes, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position can be accurately obtained, and the deviation of the pile foundation hole at which depth positions can be preliminarily evaluated. Further, in this embodiment, an in-depth analysis is also carried out on the problem of rock mass influence on offset during the under-reaming process of the pile foundation hole, and the under-reaming influence of the pile foundation hole at different depths is determined. Based on these analysis results, the radial error of the hole wall is weighted and corrected by the stability influence factor of the pile foundation hole at different depths, and then it is judged whether there is a hole inclination problem in the civil engineering pile foundation hole, and the specific position information of the drilling inclination is provided. This method significantly improves the scientificity, accuracy and objectivity of judging the inclination problem of pile foundation holes in civil engineering.

[0079] Embodiment 2:

[0080] The following specifically describes the specific scheme of a method for detecting civil engineering pile foundation holes provided by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 4 , which shows a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting civil engineering pile foundation holes provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, it is considered that the geological conditions at the location of the initial offset depth should be highly similar to the geological conditions at adjacent locations. Therefore, whether in the under-reaming stage or the drilling and probing stage, the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to adjacent depths should have similarity. Therefore, in this embodiment, the stability influence factor is corrected based on the similarity of ultrasonic echo signals at adjacent depths. See Step1 - Step8 for details.

[0082] Step1. Measure different depths of the pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, and the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole.

[0083] Step2. Calculate according to the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth to obtain the radial distance time history curve at each depth.

[0084] Step3. Calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth.

[0085] Step4. Judge the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain multiple initial offset depths, and the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold.

[0086] Step 5. Perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths.

[0087] Step 6. Calculate the correction factor based on the ultrasonic echo signals at two adjacent depths corresponding to the initial offset depth, and correct and update the stability influence factor based on the correction factor.

[0088] Specifically, the calculation method of the correction factor includes:

[0089] Step 61. Calculate the DTW distances between the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to the initial offset depth and the two adjacent depths respectively.

[0090] Step 62. Calculate the correction factor by calculating the two DTW distances based on a preset correction factor calculation functional formula.

[0091] That is, the correction factor calculation functional formula mentioned in this step is as follows:

[0092] ;

[0093] Wherein, represents the correction factor; represents the exponential function with the natural constant as the base; represents the absolute value function; represents the DTW distance between the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to the initial offset depth and that of an adjacent depth; represents the DTW distance between the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to the initial offset depth and that of the other adjacent depth.

[0094] In the above correction factor calculation functional formula, the DTW distance between two ultrasonic echo signals can reflect the degree of similarity of the change trends between them. If the DTW distances between the ultrasonic signal at the current initial offset depth position and the ultrasonic signals at the upper and lower adjacent depth positions are closer, that is the smaller the value of, it indicates that the information carried by the ultrasonic echo corresponding to the current initial offset depth position is more reliably affected by the changes in the rock mass density and the rock elastic modulus, and there is also the same influence on the upper and lower adjacent depth levels, bringing the same data change trend, that is, the intensity and propagation time in a certain direction at the depth position will also change, showing irregularity.

[0095] Furthermore, in the correction process of the stability influence factor mentioned in this step, the stability influence factor is multiplied by the correction factor.

[0096] Step 7. Calculate the degree of hole diameter offset based on the stability influence factor and the radial error of the hole wall corresponding to each of the initial offset depths.

[0097] Step 8. Based on a preset offset threshold, judge each of the degrees of hole diameter offset one by one to obtain the inclination state at each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0098] It should be noted that for the explanatory content of Step 1 - Step 5 and Step 7 - Step 8 in this embodiment, reference can be specifically made to Embodiment 1. It will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0099] In this embodiment, ultrasonic technology is used for hole diameter offset detection, without damaging the hole wall, thus ensuring the non - destructiveness and real - time nature of the detection process. Through in - depth analysis of the regularity of ultrasonic signal intensity and propagation time at different depth positions in the civil engineering pile foundation hole, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position of the pile foundation hole can be accurately obtained, and it can be preliminarily judged at which depth positions the pile foundation hole has deviations. In addition, this embodiment further analyzes the offset problem caused by the influence of rock mass that the pile foundation hole may be subjected to during the under - reaming operation, and determines the under - reaming influence of the pile foundation hole at different depths. Finally, the radial error of the hole wall at the corresponding depth is weighted and corrected by the stability influence factor of the pile foundation hole at different depths, and combined with the similarity between adjacent - depth ultrasonic echoes, the credibility of the stability influence factor is further corrected. Through these comprehensive analyses, it can be judged whether there is a hole inclination problem in the civil engineering pile foundation hole, and the specific position information of the borehole inclination is provided. This method significantly improves the scientificity, accuracy, and objectivity of judging the inclination problem of the pile foundation hole in civil engineering.

[0100] Embodiment 3:

[0101] As Figure 5 shown, this embodiment provides a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system, and the system includes:

[0102] A measurement module, configured to measure different depths of the pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, and the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole.

[0103] A curve calculation module, configured to calculate, based on the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, a radial distance time - history curve at each depth.

[0104] An error calculation module, configured to calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position based on the radial distance time - history curve at each depth.

[0105] An error judgment module, configured to judge the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold, and obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold.

[0106] A fluctuation analysis module, configured to perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively, and obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths.

[0107] An offset calculation module, configured to calculate the aperture offset degree according to the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths and the radial error of the hole wall.

[0108] An inclination judgment module, configured to judge each of the aperture offset degrees one by one based on a preset offset threshold, and obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0109] It should be noted that regarding the system in the above embodiments, the specific manners in which each module performs operations have been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0110] Embodiment 4:

[0111] Corresponding to the above method embodiment, in this embodiment, a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device is further provided. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device described below can be mutually corresponded and referred to with the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method described above.

[0112] Figure 6 It is a block diagram of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 shown according to an exemplary embodiment. As Figure 6 shown, the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 may include: a processor 801, a memory 802. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 may further include one or more of a multimedia component 803, an I / O interface 804, and a communication component 805.

[0113] Among them, the processor 801 is used to control the overall operation of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 to complete all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method. The memory 802 is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800. These data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800, as well as application-related data, such as contact data, sent and received messages, pictures, audio, video, and so on. The memory 802 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The multimedia component 803 may include a screen and an audio component. The screen can be, for example, a touch screen, and the audio component is used to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signals can be further stored in the memory 802 or sent through the communication component 805. The audio component also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. The I / O interface 804 provides an interface between the processor 801 and other interface modules, and the above-mentioned other interface modules can be a keyboard, a mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons can be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 805 is used for wired or wireless communication between the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, or 4G, or a combination of one or more of them. Accordingly, the communication component 805 may include: a Wi-Fi module, a Bluetooth module, an NFC module.

[0114] In one exemplary embodiment, the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components, and is used to execute the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method.

[0115] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including program instructions is further provided. When the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method are implemented. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be the above-mentioned memory 802 including program instructions, and the above-mentioned program instructions may be executed by the processor 801 of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 to complete the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method.

[0116] It should be noted that: the above-mentioned sequence of the embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0117] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for detecting civil engineering pile foundation holes, characterized in that, The method includes: Measuring different depths of a pile foundation hole by an ultrasonic detection device to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, where the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection device rotating at a preset speed along the axis of the pile foundation hole; Calculating a radial distance time history curve at each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth; Calculating a radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth, where the radial error of the hole wall is a normalized scalar value; Judging the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; Performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; Calculating an aperture offset degree according to the stability influence factor and the radial error of the hole wall corresponding to each of the initial offset depths, where the aperture offset degree is a normalized scalar value; Judging each of the aperture offset degrees one by one based on a preset offset threshold to obtain the inclination state at each depth in the pile foundation hole.

2. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, wherein, Calculating a radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth, including: Performing linear fitting on the radial distance time history curve to obtain a fitting line, where the slope of the fitting line is 0, and recording the intercept of the fitting line as the fitting radial distance; Confirming the radial distance of the hole wall corresponding to each moment according to the radial distance time history curve; Statistically obtaining the number of deviations exceeding the deviation threshold for all the radial distances of the hole wall based on a preset deviation threshold and the fitting radial distance; Calculating a radial error of the hole wall based on the fitting radial distance, the number of deviations, and the radial distance of the hole wall corresponding to each moment.

3. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths, including: Performing linear fitting on the radial distance time history curve to obtain a fitting line, where the slope of the fitting line is 0; Obtaining the aperture deviation corresponding to each moment according to the difference between the radial distance time history curve and the fitting line at each moment; Determining an aperture offset time period and two adjacent time periods in the ultrasonic echo signal based on a preset deviation threshold and all the aperture deviations, where each of the aperture deviations within the aperture offset time period is greater than the deviation threshold, and the two adjacent time periods are adjacent to the aperture offset time period in time sequence respectively; Extracting an aperture offset signal and two adjacent signals from the ultrasonic echo signal based on the aperture offset time period and the two adjacent time periods; Calculating a stability influence factor based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals.

4. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that Calculating a stability influence factor based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals, including: Extract the time history curves of the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals respectively to obtain the echo intensity time history curves and echo time time history curves corresponding to the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals respectively; Calculate the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor respectively according to the echo time time history curve and the echo intensity time history curve; Perform mean calculation based on the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor to obtain the stability influence factor.

5. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation method of the intensity influence factor includes: Calculate the variances of the echo intensity time history curves corresponding to the two adjacent signals respectively; Calculate the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter based on the depth corresponding to the aperture offset signal; Calculate the intensity influence factor based on the variance, the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter and the echo intensity time history curve through a preset influence factor calculation function.

6. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The error threshold is 0.

85.

7. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The offset threshold is 0.

9.

8. A method for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering, characterized in that, The method includes: Measure different depths of the pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, and the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection device rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole; Calculate the radial distance time history curve at each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth; Calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth, and the radial error of the hole wall is a normalized scalar value; Judge the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain multiple initial offset depths, and the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; Perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each initial offset depth respectively to obtain the stability influence factor corresponding to each initial offset depth; Calculate the correction factor according to the similarity of the ultrasonic echo signals at two adjacent depths corresponding to the initial offset depth, and correct and update the stability influence factor based on the correction factor; Calculate the aperture offset degree according to the stability influence factor and the radial error of the hole wall corresponding to each initial offset depth, and the aperture offset degree is a normalized scalar value; Judge each aperture offset degree one by one based on a preset offset threshold to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

9. A civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system, characterized in that, Includes: A measurement module for measuring different depths of the pile foundation hole through an ultrasonic detection device to obtain the ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, and the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection device rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole; A curve calculation module for calculating the radial distance time history curve at each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth; An error calculation module for calculating the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth, and the radial error of the hole wall is a normalized scalar value; An error judgment module, configured to judge the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold, so as to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; A fluctuation analysis module, configured to perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively, so as to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; An offset calculation module, configured to calculate the aperture offset degree according to the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths and the radial error of the hole wall, where the aperture offset degree is a normalized scalar value; An inclination judgment module, configured to judge each of the aperture offset degrees one by one based on a preset offset threshold, so as to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

10. A civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device, characterized in that, Comprising: A memory, configured to store a computer program; A processor, configured to implement the steps of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.

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