Underground and ground communication equipment in well drilling

Abstract

The underground and ground communication equipment comprises a ground terminal module, a circulating communication module and an underground control module, the underground control module is arranged at the position, corresponding to an underground tool, of a drill column, and the underground control module is connected with the underground tool. The circulating communication module can circularly move between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the shaft along the drill column and the shaft; the ground terminal module is used for reading data information stored in the circular communication module and writing a control instruction into the circular communication module when the circular communication module moves to a detection range of the ground terminal module; the underground control module is used for reading the control instruction stored in the circulating communication module when the circulating communication module moves into the detection range of the underground control module, and sending the control instruction to a corresponding underground tool, so that the underground tool executes the control instruction; acquiring data information sent by an underground tool, and writing the data information into the circular communication module; and bidirectional and efficient communication between the underground and the ground in the drilling process can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to downhole and ground communication equipment in drilling. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, thanks to the development and popularization of information and artificial intelligence technology, the international fossil energy industry has successively carried out digital and intelligent layout and transformation. However, due to the influence of the complex geological environment underground, conventional technical means cannot meet the wireless communication needs under high impedance and strong interference conditions of nearly 10,000 meters. At present, underground-surface data communication in the oil and gas drilling field can only be carried out in the form of one-way communication of fluid pulses, and the communication rate is only tens of bytes, which cannot meet the communication needs of two-way interconnection and high-speed transmission of digital intelligent drilling technology under the new situation.

[0003] In view of this, how to achieve two-way interconnection and efficient communication between the underground and the ground during drilling has become a problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a downhole and ground communication device in drilling, which can realize two-way and efficient communication between the downhole and the ground during the drilling process.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a downhole and ground communication device in drilling, comprising: a ground terminal module, a circulation communication module and a downhole control module, wherein the downhole control module is arranged at a position on the drill string corresponding to the downhole tool, the downhole control module is connected to the downhole tool, and the circulation communication module can perform a circulation motion between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore; wherein:

[0006] The ground terminal module is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module and write control instructions to the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves into its detection range;

[0007] The downhole control module is used to read the control instructions stored in the circulation communication module when the circulation communication module moves into its detection range, and send the control instructions to the corresponding downhole tool so that the downhole tool executes the control instructions; obtain the data information sent by the downhole tool and write the data information into the circulation communication module.

[0008] In one embodiment, the ground terminal module includes a sorting pool, a reading module, a writing module, a storage pool, a control terminal, an internal circulation pump and a control valve. The inlet of the sorting pool is connected to the upper outlet of the wellbore, the first outlet of the sorting pool is connected to the input end of the reading module, the output end of the reading module is connected to the first inlet of the storage pool, the internal circulation pump is connected to the second inlet of the storage pool, the output port of the storage pool is connected to the inlet of the writing module, the outlet of the writing module is connected to the first end of the control valve, the second end of the control valve is connected to the third inlet of the storage pool, the output end of the control valve is connected to the inlet of the drill string, and each control end of the control terminal is connected to the control end of the reading module, the writing module and the control valve, wherein:

[0009] The sorting tank is used to receive the fluid containing the circulation communication module flowing out from the wellbore through the inlet, and output the circulation communication module from the first outlet to the reading module;

[0010] The reading module is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module and send the read data information to the control terminal;

[0011] The storage pool is used to temporarily store and charge the cyclic communication module;

[0012] The writing module is used to initialize the cyclic communication module and write control instructions under the control of the control terminal;

[0013] The control valve is used to switch the circulation path within the ground control terminal module or the wellbore circulation path under the control of the control terminal;

[0014] The control terminal is used to control the reading module, the writing module and the control valve accordingly, receive data information sent by the reading module, and send corresponding control instructions to the writing module;

[0015] The internal circulation pump is used to drive the circulation communication module to circulate in the ground terminal module or to inject the circulation communication module into the wellbore.

[0016] In one embodiment, the sorting tank also includes a second outlet, which is used to connect to the inlet of the circulating solid control module. The sorting tank is also used to output the fluid to the circulating solid control module through the second outlet, so as to transmit the fluid to the drilling pump module through the circulating solid control module.

[0017] In one embodiment, the circulating communication module is a closed spherical module containing offset cavitation.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first outlet of the sorting pool is far away from the ground, and the second outlet is close to the ground.

[0019] In one embodiment, the cyclic communication module includes: a spherical shell, a biased cavity arranged on one side of the spherical shell, a ring antenna arranged in the biased cavity, a first integrated circuit and a rechargeable battery arranged on the other side of the spherical shell, and epoxy resin filled around the first integrated circuit and the rechargeable battery.

[0020] In one embodiment, the downhole control module includes: a second integrated circuit and a read-write antenna.

[0021] In one embodiment, the read / write antennas include antennas distributed in a radial direction and antennas distributed in an axial direction.

[0022] In one embodiment, the downhole control module is connected to the corresponding downhole tool via threads.

[0023] In one embodiment, the downhole control module is used to read the control instructions stored in the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves into its detection range, determine the target downhole tool based on the tool identifier carried in the control instructions, and send the control instructions to the target downhole tool.

[0024] In one embodiment, there are multiple downhole control modules, and each of the downhole control modules corresponds to a downhole tool;

[0025] Any of the downhole control modules is used to read the control instructions stored in the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves within its detection range, and based on the target identification code carried in the control instruction, send the control instruction to the corresponding downhole tool when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code.

[0026] An embodiment of the present invention provides a downhole and ground communication device for drilling, comprising: a ground terminal module, a circulation communication module and a downhole control module, wherein the downhole control module is arranged at a position on the drill string corresponding to the downhole tool, the downhole control module is connected to the downhole tool, and the circulation communication module can circulate along the drill string and the wellbore between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore; wherein: the ground terminal module is used to read the data information stored in the circulation communication module and write control instructions to the circulation communication module when the circulation communication module moves into its detection range; the downhole control module is used to read the control instructions stored in the circulation communication module when the circulation communication module moves into its detection range, and send the control instructions to the corresponding downhole tool so that the downhole tool executes the control instructions; obtain the data information sent by the downhole tool, and write the data information into the circulation communication module.

[0027] It can be seen that the circulation communication module in the embodiment of the present invention can circulate along the drill string and the wellbore between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore, and when it moves within the detection range of the ground terminal module, the ground terminal module can read the data information stored in the circulation communication module, and the ground terminal also writes the control instruction into the circulation communication module. When the circulation communication module moves into the detection range of the downhole control module, the downhole control module reads the control instruction from the circulation communication module and sends the control instruction to the downhole tool connected to the downhole control module. The downhole tool performs corresponding operations based on the control instruction, and the downhole tool sends the generated data information to the downhole control module. The downhole control module writes the received data information into the circulation communication module so that the circulation communication module transmits the data information to the ground terminal module. In this application, the ground terminal module, the circulation control module and the downhole control module can realize two-way and efficient communication between the underground and the ground during drilling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the prior art and the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a downhole and ground communication device in drilling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another downhole and ground communication device in drilling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclic communication module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a downhole control module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a horizontal wellbore / pipeline internal circulation communication module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another posture of a horizontal wellbore / pipeline internal circulation communication module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a downhole and ground communication device in drilling, which can realize two-way and efficient communication between the downhole and the ground during the drilling process.

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that currently, there are three main underground-ground communication solutions for communication between the underground and the ground during drilling: fluid pulse, wireless communication with relay, and information drill pipe.

[0038] Among them, fluid pulse is a downhole communication technology that uses a pulse device to make the drilling fluid produce regular pressure fluctuations to achieve signal transmission. The equipment structure is simple and reliable, but due to the high pressure downhole (30-80MPa), only low-frequency pulses can be generated in the form of mechanical reciprocation, and the communication rate is often only a few dozen bytes, which cannot meet the needs of high-speed transmission. The two types of communication equipment from the ground to the downhole and from the downhole to the ground are mutually exclusive and do not have the ability of two-way data communication between the downhole and the ground.

[0039] Wireless communication is a commonly used multi-channel high-speed communication technology in conventional industries. However, in the field of oil and gas drilling, due to interference from the formation environment, the wireless signal is severely attenuated and needs to be used in conjunction with wireless relays. In addition, due to the limitations of the oil and gas well drilling operation process, the relay equipment does not have the conditions for ground power supply and can only be powered by high-temperature resistant batteries or downhole power generation. However, due to the limited downhole space, the battery capacity cannot meet the long-term drilling requirements of oil and gas drilling, and the continuous working capacity is limited. Downhole power generation uses a ground pump group to promote the circulation of downhole fluids, and then drives the downhole turbine or screw for mechanical power generation. The power generation efficiency is low and the downhole hydraulic energy is seriously consumed, which affects the energy distribution structure of downhole tools to break rock and speed up, and reduces drilling efficiency.

[0040] The information drill pipe is a more feasible communication solution in the field of intelligent drilling. This technology uses internal threading of the drill pipe and electromagnetic coupling between drill pipes to achieve two-way communication along the drill string. It has the advantages of high communication rate and support for two-way data interaction, but the processing is relatively complex and the overall cost is relatively high. In addition, due to the interference of drilling fluid and downhole formation environment, the actual application effect of this technology is very different from the theoretical effect. In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides an underground and ground communication device in drilling that can realize underground-ground two-way data communication, has a small size, low power consumption, small system underground power generation power demand, low hydraulic energy consumption, and little impact on drilling efficiency.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a downhole and ground communication device in a drilling well provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The downhole and ground communication device in a drilling well comprises: a ground terminal module 1, a circulation communication module 2 and a downhole control module 3. The downhole control module 3 is arranged at a position on the drill string A corresponding to the downhole tool. The downhole control module 3 is connected to the downhole tool 2. The circulation communication module 2 can circulate along the drill string A and the wellbore B at the bottom of the ground terminal module 1 and the wellbore B; wherein:

[0042] The ground terminal module 1 is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module 2 and write control instructions to the cyclic communication module 2 when the cyclic communication module 2 moves into its detection range;

[0043] The downhole control module 3 is used to read the control instructions stored in the circulation communication module 2 when the circulation communication module 2 moves into its detection range, and send the control instructions to the corresponding downhole tool so that the downhole tool executes the control instructions; obtain the data information sent by the downhole tool and write the data information into the circulation communication module 2.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a ground terminal module 1 is set on the ground, and a downhole control module 3 is set on the drill string A, and the downhole control module 3 can be set near the downhole tool, for example, it can be set within a preset distance from the downhole tool, and the downhole control module 3 is connected to the corresponding downhole tool (communication connection), and the circulation communication module 2 can circulate in the U-shaped space formed between the ground terminal module 1 and the wellbore B.

[0045] Specifically, when the ground terminal module 1 detects that the circulation communication module 2 moves into its range, it reads the data information stored in the circulation communication module 2, and can also write the control instruction into the circulation communication module 2, so that the circulation communication module 2 carries the control instruction and moves underground. When the underground control module 2 detects that the circulation communication module 2 moves into its detection range, on the one hand, it can read the control instruction carried in the circulation communication module 2, and send the control instruction to the underground tool connected to the underground control module 2. After receiving the control instruction sent by the underground control module 2, the underground tool performs the operation corresponding to the control instruction; on the other hand, the underground tool writes the obtained data information into the underground control module 2 connected thereto. When the circulation communication module 2 moves into the detection range of the ground terminal module 1, the circulation communication module 2 transmits the stored data information to the ground terminal module 1, thereby realizing two-way communication between the underground and the ground during drilling.

[0046] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The ground terminal module 1 includes a sorting pool 11, a reading module 12, a writing module 13, a storage pool 14, a control terminal 15, an internal circulation pump 16 and a control valve 17. The inlet of the sorting pool 11 is connected to the upper outlet of the wellbore B, the first outlet of the sorting pool 11 is connected to the input end of the reading module 12, the output end of the reading module 12 is connected to the first inlet of the storage pool 14, the internal circulation pump 16 is connected to the second inlet of the storage pool 14, the output port of the storage pool 14 is connected to the inlet of the writing module 13, the outlet of the writing module 13 is connected to the first end of the control valve 17, the second end of the control valve 17 is connected to the third inlet of the storage pool 14, the output end of the control valve 17 is connected to the inlet of the drill string A, and the control ends of the control terminal 15 are respectively connected to the control ends of the reading module 12, the writing module 13 and the control valve 17, wherein:

[0047] The sorting tank 11 is used to receive the fluid containing the circulation communication module 2 flowing out from the wellbore through the inlet, and output the circulation communication module 2 from the first outlet to the reading module 1;

[0048] The reading module 12 is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module 2 and send the read data information to the control terminal 15;

[0049] A storage pool 14, used for temporarily storing and charging the cyclic communication module 2;

[0050] The writing module 13 is used to initialize the cyclic communication module 2 and write control instructions under the control of the control terminal 15;

[0051] The control valve 17 is used to switch the internal circulation of the ground control terminal module 1 or the wellbore circulation path under the control of the control terminal 15;

[0052] The control terminal 15 is used to control the reading module 12, the writing module 13 and the control valve 17 accordingly, and receive the data information sent by the reading module 12, and send the corresponding control instructions to the writing module 13;

[0053] The internal circulation pump 16 is used to drive the circulation communication module 2 to circulate in the ground terminal module 1 or to inject the circulation communication module into the wellbore.

[0054] It should be noted that during the drilling process, the fluid containing the circulating communication module 2 flowing out from the wellbore B enters the entrance of the sorting pool 11, and the sorting pool 11 outputs the circulating communication module 2 in the fluid from the first outlet to the reading module 12, and the reading module 12 reads the data information stored in the entering circulating communication module 2, and sends the read data information to the control terminal 15, so that the control terminal 15 analyzes the received data information to obtain specific information of the downhole tool; the reading module 12 outputs the circulating communication module 2 to the storage pool 14, and the storage pool 14 can temporarily store the circulating communication module 2, and can also charge the circulating measurement and control module, specifically, wireless charging, so that the circulating measurement and control module 2 can be charged in the ground terminal module 1 during the circulation process, without charging underground, reducing the consumption of underground electricity and reducing the setting of underground charging equipment, which is conducive to reducing the size of the equipment. Among them, the storage pool 14 is connected to a power supply on the outside and a coil is wound on the inside, and the circulating communication module 2 in the storage pool 14 can be wirelessly charged under the control of the control module 15. Specifically, the circulation communication module 2 output from the storage pool 14 enters the writing module 13, the writing module 13 receives the control instruction of the control terminal 15, and initializes and writes the control instruction to the circulation communication module 2 according to the control instruction. The writing module 13 outputs the circulation communication module 2 with the initialization completed and the control instruction written to the control valve 17. The control valve 17 can switch the circulation path of the ground control terminal module 1 or the wellbore B circulation path according to the control instruction of the control terminal 15, and the internal circulation pump 16 drives the circulation communication module 2 to circulate in the ground terminal module 1 or inject the circulation measurement and control module 2 into the wellbore B. That is, when circulating in the ground control terminal module 1, the circulation communication module 2 is driven by the internal circulation pump 16 to circulate and process information in the corresponding module in the ground control terminal module 1; when circulating in the wellbore B, the circulation communication module 2 is driven by the internal circulation pump 16 to be injected into the wellbore B, so that the circulation communication module 2 circulates in the space between the wellbore B and the drill string A.

[0055] In addition, the sorting tank 11 in the embodiment of the present invention also includes a second outlet, which is used to connect to the inlet of the circulating solid control module. The sorting tank 11 is also used to output the fluid to the circulating solid control module through the second outlet, so as to transmit the fluid to the drilling pump module through the circulating solid control module. Among them, the first outlet of the sorting tank 11 is far away from the ground, the second outlet is close to the ground, and the circulating communication module 2 is a closed spherical module containing biased cavitation, so that it can flow out from the first outlet of the sorting tank 11 under the action of buoyancy.

[0056] In other words, the ground terminal module 1 in the embodiment of the present invention is used for storage, maintenance, charging, data reading and writing, module sorting and injection of the circulation communication module 2. The sorting pool 11 contains drilling mud (i.e., fluid). The sorting pool 11 is a fluid container with a single inlet and two outlets. The circulation communication module 2 contains cavitation, which is separated from the drilling mud and cuttings under the action of buoyancy. The mud and cuttings flow out from the outlet and enter the drilling site circulation system for solid phase control and recycling. The floating circulation communication module 2 enters the reading module 12 from the upper outlet (i.e., the first outlet) of the sorting pool 11. The reading module 12 is composed of a conveyor belt and a radio frequency reader, which is controlled by the control terminal, and the read data is uploaded to the control terminal 15. The storage pool 14 is used for storage and charging operations of the circulation communication module 2. The writing module 13 is similar to the downhole control module 3. The writing module 13 is a radio frequency reading and writing device composed of a reading and writing antenna, an integrated circuit, and an external power supply. Under the control of the control terminal 15, the circulation communication module 2 is initialized and commanded. The control valve 17 is a two-position three-way reversing valve, which can be switched by the control terminal to switch the internal circulation of the ground terminal system and the wellbore circulation path. The internal circulation pump 16 can drive the internal circulation of the circulation communication module 2 in the ground terminal module 1 or be used to realize the injection operation of the circulation communication module 2 into the wellbore B.

[0057] Specifically, when performing underground-surface communication, the control terminal 15 operates the internal circulation pump 16 to start, sends the control instructions that need to be written into the circulation communication module 2 to the writing module 13, and the control valve 17 switches to the wellbore circulation channel. After the internal circulation pump 16 is turned on, the circulation communication module 2 in the storage pool 14 enters the writing module 13 driven by the fluid. The circulation communication module 2 is in a dormant state by default and will only enter an activated state when it is written by radio frequency; the writing module 13 records the data information stored in the circulation communication module 2 entering the writing module 13 through radio frequency reading operation, and establishes data records, and performs initialization activation and configuration writing operations of the circulation communication module 2 in sequence through radio frequency writing operation. When the circulation communication module 2 receives the initialization instruction of the writing module 13, the storage chip formatting operation is performed; after the circulation communication module 2 receives the configuration instruction of the writing module 13, the configuration instruction is written into the storage chip, wherein the content written in the configuration instruction can be the configuration parameters of the circulation communication module 2 itself, or it can be the instruction parameters that need to be transmitted to the downhole tool by the circulation communication module 2. Specifically, after the writing is completed, the outlet of the writing module 13 is opened, and the circulation communication module 2 enters the control valve 17 along the fluid channel. The control valve 17 is switched to the wellbore circulation channel under the control of the control terminal 15 , and the circulation communication module 2 is injected into the wellbore B or the drill string A in the wellbore B under the drive of the internal circulation pump 16 .

[0058] In one embodiment, see Figure 3The circulation communication module 2 includes: a spherical shell 21, a biased cavity 22 arranged on one side of the spherical shell 21, a loop antenna 23 arranged in the biased cavity 22, a first integrated circuit 24 and a rechargeable battery 25 arranged on the other side of the spherical shell 21, and an epoxy resin 26 filled around the first integrated circuit 24 and the rechargeable battery 25.

[0059] It should be noted that the circulation communication module 2 in the embodiment of the present invention is a closed spherical device containing a biased cavity, which can be used to store control instructions conveyed from the ground to the downhole tool, or data information fed back by the downhole sensor (i.e., the downhole tool). The spherical shell 21 can be divided into two parts, one part is a biased cavity 22, and a loop antenna 23 is arranged in the biased cavity 22, and the other part is arranged with a first integrated circuit 24 and a rechargeable battery 25; the first integrated circuit 24 can include a variety of electronic modules such as an antenna multiplexer, a receiver, a transmitter, a microcontroller, a memory, a timer, etc., which are used to integrate and realize the functions of charge and discharge management, data communication, and data storage of the circulation communication module. The first integrated circuit 24, the loop antenna 23, and the rechargeable battery 25 are sealed in the spherical shell 21 of the circulation communication module 2 by epoxy resin 26, forming a closed sphere with an upper cavity and a lower epoxy resin. Specifically, the circulation communication module 2 moves with the fluid under the drag of the fluid in the wellbore, performs communication tasks in sequence along the way, and finally returns to the ground in a U-shaped trajectory and enters the sorting pool 11. Since the cyclic communication module 2 contains cavitation bubbles, it will float on the upper part of the sorting pool 11, and then enter the reading module 12 through sorting. The reading module 12 reads the data in the cyclic communication module 2 in batches through the radio frequency reader, and then sends the cyclic communication module 2 to the storage pool 14 for charging. The read data is uploaded to the control terminal 15 by the reading module 12, and then merged with the recorded data of the writing module 13 for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0060] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the downhole control module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a second integrated circuit 31 and a read-write antenna 32 .

[0061] It should be noted that the downhole control module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention can read the control instructions in the cyclic communication module 2 and write the feedback data of the sensor or downhole tool into the cyclic communication module 2. The downhole control module 3 can be composed of two parts: an integrated circuit and a read-write antenna. The downhole control module 3 is usually used in conjunction with a downhole measurement and control tool to form a downhole tool short section, which can be connected to the upstream and downstream downhole tools through threads. Among them, the downhole control module 2 can be independently powered by a downhole battery or a downhole generator, or it can be powered by a downhole tool.

[0062] In one embodiment, the read / write antenna 32 includes antennas distributed along the radial direction and antennas distributed along the axial direction.

[0063] It should be noted that the circulation communication module 2 moves along the fluid channel in the drill string A and the drill tool-wellbore annular space under the drive of the ground drilling pump group. Due to the influence of its own buoyancy and fluid drag force, the cavitation direction of the circulation communication module 2 will be deflected to a certain extent, resulting in the coil axis in the circulation communication module 2 not always being consistent with the wellbore axis (for example, Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown).

[0064] Specifically, for radio frequency communication, the efficiency and effect are the highest when the communication magnetic field direction is perpendicular to the axis of the coil itself. Therefore, for the data transmission between the low-power downhole tool and the circulation communication module 2, the axis of the read-write coil of the downhole control module 3 should be consistent with the axis of the coil of the circulation communication module 2 as much as possible ( Figure 4 , Figure 5 ). However, considering that in actual drilling operations, the downhole control module 3 is lowered into the wellbore together with the drilling tool, and affected by the wellbore trajectory, the same drilling tool will experience multiple posture changes from vertical to inclined to horizontal (except for completion tools and tubing, because completion tools and tubing are fixed, but drilling tools and tubing move up and down along the axis of the wellbore), it is impossible to specifically design an antenna that meets the orientation requirements. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the read-write antenna 32 of the downhole control module 3 can include antennas distributed along the radial direction and antennas distributed along the axial direction. The specific downhole control module 3 can be composed of at least 3 directional antennas ( Figure 5 Along the radial direction, there can be 2; Figure 6 Along the axial direction, it can be arranged in sequence as 1), so as to ensure that in any posture, the axial direction of at least one group of antennas is close to the axial direction of the antenna of the circulation communication module 2, thereby ensuring that the flux of the read and write magnetic field generated by the downhole control module 3 in the antenna of the circulation communication module 2 is not zero and as large as possible, thereby improving the reliability of data interaction between the downhole control module 3 and the circulation communication module 2.

[0065] In one embodiment, the downhole control module 3 is used to read the control instructions stored in the circulation communication module 2 when the circulation communication module 2 moves into its detection range, and determine the target downhole tool based on the tool identifier carried in the control instruction, and send the control instruction to the target downhole tool.

[0066] It should be noted that when the cyclic communication module 2 is initialized and configured in the writing module 13, it can only write control instructions for a certain downhole tool, or it can write control instructions for multiple downhole tools. That is, multiple control instructions may be stored in the cyclic communication module 2, and each control instruction can carry a corresponding tool identifier. Therefore, during the movement of the cyclic communication module 2, when the downhole control module 3 detects that the cyclic communication module 2 moves into its detection range, it can determine each target downhole tool according to the tool identifier carried by the control instruction in the cyclic communication module 2, and send the corresponding control instruction to the corresponding target downhole tool. In one embodiment, there are multiple downhole control modules 3, and each downhole control module 3 corresponds to a downhole tool;

[0067] Any downhole control module 3 is used to read the control instructions stored in the circulation communication module 2 when the circulation communication module 2 moves into its detection range, and based on the target identification code carried in the control instruction, send the control instruction to the corresponding downhole tool when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code.

[0068] It should be noted that in actual applications, a downhole control module 3 corresponding to each downhole tool can be set. When the loop communication module 2 is initialized and configured in the writing module 13, it can only write control instructions for a certain downhole tool, or it can write control instructions for multiple tools, which are defined by the identification code. The identification code includes multiple types: the identification code of the loop communication module 2 is a unique code, which corresponds to each loop communication module 2 one by one, and is used for data aggregation, analysis, and processing. The identification code of the downhole control module 3 is a unique configuration code, which corresponds to each downhole control module 3 one by one, and is used for the downhole control module 3 to identify the recipient of the control instruction stored in the loop communication module 2. The universal identification code is a grouping identification code, which is used to group the downhole control modules 3. The control instructions based on the universal identification code standard are executed by all downhole control modules 3 in the same universal identification code group. The universal identification code can be configured on the ground or configured underground by the loop communication module 2.

[0069] Specifically, the ground configuration of the universal identification code: directly configure each downhole control module 3 through the host computer.

[0070] Downhole configuration of universal identification code: The control terminal 15 performs grouping of downhole control modules 3 and universal identification code allocation, and writes the relevant configuration information into the circulation communication module 2 with the identification code of the downhole control module 3 as an annotation. The circulation communication module 2 is injected into the wellbore circulation channel. After the downhole control module 3 recognizes that the circulation communication module 2 has passed, it reads the instruction information therein, and after finding that the downhole control module 3 identification code annotated by it matches its own identification code, it executes the universal identification code configuration operation.

[0071] Cyclic communication module

[0072] It can be seen that the circulation communication module in the embodiment of the present invention can circulate along the drill string and the wellbore between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore, and when it moves within the detection range of the ground terminal module, the ground terminal module can read the data information stored in the circulation communication module, and the ground terminal also writes the control instruction into the circulation communication module. When the circulation communication module moves into the detection range of the downhole control module, the downhole control module reads the control instruction from the circulation communication module and sends the control instruction to the downhole tool connected to the downhole control module. The downhole tool performs corresponding operations based on the control instruction, and the downhole tool sends the generated data information to the downhole control module. The downhole control module writes the received data information into the circulation communication module so that the circulation communication module transmits the data information to the ground terminal module. In this application, the ground terminal module, the circulation control module and the downhole control module can realize two-way and efficient communication between the underground and the ground during drilling.

[0073] It should also be noted that the present invention can overcome the shortcomings of the existing mud pulse technology, such as slow communication speed and only one-way communication from underground to the ground, and can overcome the defects of attenuation of wireless transmission signals underground and large hydraulic energy loss underground, and provide a small-sized, low-power, full-duplex underground-ground two-way communication control solution. Based on the process characteristics of the equipment of the present invention, the drilling fluid enters the well in the drill string and exits the well with the outer annulus, which provides a feasible solution for distributed measurement along the drill string. A high-speed underground-ground information communication link has been established, which has opened up the key technical barriers of intelligent drilling underground data collection, ground intelligent decision-making and automatic control, and laid the foundation for the intelligent transformation of the oil and gas resource exploration and development technology industry.

[0074] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0075] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0076] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A downhole and ground communication device in drilling, characterized in that: include: A ground terminal module, a circulation communication module and a downhole control module, wherein the downhole control module is arranged at a position on the drill string corresponding to the downhole tool, the downhole control module is connected to the downhole tool, and the circulation communication module can perform a circulation motion between the ground terminal module and the bottom of the wellbore along the drill string and the wellbore; wherein: The ground terminal module is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module and write control instructions to the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves into its detection range; The downhole control module is used to read the control instructions stored in the circulation communication module when the circulation communication module moves into its detection range, and send the control instructions to the corresponding downhole tool so that the downhole tool executes the control instructions; obtain the data information sent by the downhole tool and write the data information into the circulation communication module.

2. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground terminal module includes a sorting pool, a reading module, a writing module, a storage pool, a control terminal, an internal circulation pump and a control valve. The inlet of the sorting pool is connected to the upper outlet of the wellbore, the first outlet of the sorting pool is connected to the input end of the reading module, the output end of the reading module is connected to the first inlet of the storage pool, the internal circulation pump is connected to the second inlet of the storage pool, the output port of the storage pool is connected to the inlet of the writing module, the outlet of the writing module is connected to the first end of the control valve, the second end of the control valve is connected to the third inlet of the storage pool, the output end of the control valve is connected to the inlet of the drill string, and each control end of the control terminal is connected to the control end of the reading module, the writing module and the control valve, wherein: The sorting tank is used to receive the fluid containing the circulation communication module flowing out from the wellbore through the inlet, and output the circulation communication module from the first outlet to the reading module; The reading module is used to read the data information stored in the cyclic communication module and send the read data information to the control terminal; The storage pool is used to temporarily store and charge the cyclic communication module; The writing module is used to initialize the cyclic communication module and write control instructions under the control of the control terminal; The control valve is used to switch the circulation path within the ground control terminal module or the wellbore circulation path under the control of the control terminal; The control terminal is used to control the reading module, the writing module and the control valve accordingly, receive data information sent by the reading module, and send corresponding control instructions to the writing module; The internal circulation pump is used to drive the circulation communication module to circulate in the ground terminal module or to inject the circulation communication module into the wellbore.

3. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sorting tank also includes a second outlet, which is used to connect to the inlet of the circulating solid control module. The sorting tank is also used to output the fluid to the circulating solid control module through the second outlet, so as to transmit the fluid to the drilling pump module through the circulating solid control module.

4. The downhole and surface communication device in drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circulation communication module is a closed spherical module containing offset cavitation.

5. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first outlet of the sorting pool is far away from the ground, and the second outlet is close to the ground.

6. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cyclic communication module includes: a spherical shell, a biased cavity arranged on one side of the spherical shell, a loop antenna arranged in the biased cavity, a first integrated circuit and a rechargeable battery arranged on the other side of the spherical shell, and epoxy resin filled around the first integrated circuit and the rechargeable battery.

7. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The downhole control module includes: a second integrated circuit and a read-write antenna.

8. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The read / write antennas include antennas distributed along the radial direction and antennas distributed along the axial direction.

9. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The downhole control module is connected to the corresponding downhole tool through threads.

10. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The downhole control module is used to read the control instruction stored in the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves into its detection range, determine the target downhole tool based on the tool identifier carried in the control instruction, and send the control instruction to the target downhole tool.

11. The downhole and surface communication equipment in drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: There are multiple downhole control modules, each of which corresponds to a downhole tool; Any of the downhole control modules is used to read the control instructions stored in the cyclic communication module when the cyclic communication module moves within its detection range, and based on the target identification code carried in the control instruction, send the control instruction to the corresponding downhole tool when the target identification code is consistent with its own identification code.

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