Long-distance composite stratum shield advancing cutter and hobbing cutter interchanging device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling control, and discloses a long-distance composite stratum shield advancing cutter and hobbing cutter interchanging device which comprises a shield cutter frame, the shield cutter frame is of an equilateral cross structure, and an advancing cutter and a hobbing cutter are installed at the two adjacent ends of the shield cutter frame. The other two ends of the tool apron are an advancing tool apron used for installing an advancing tool and a hob tool apron used for installing a hob, and the tail end of the advancing tool apron and the tail end of the hob tool apron are both provided with oil cylinder flanges used for being connected with a tool changing oil cylinder. The invention further discloses a using method of the long-distance composite stratum shield advancing cutter and hob interchanging device. According to the long-distance composite stratum shield advancing cutter and hobbing cutter interchanging device and the using method thereof, rapid interchanging between the advancing cutter and the hobbing cutter is achieved, and abrasion, caused by rock on an excavation face, to the hobbing cutter ring is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel excavation control, and in particular to a device for exchanging a leading cutter and a roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] my country has seen the rise of large-scale transportation infrastructure construction, and a large number of long-distance and large-diameter shield tunnels are being built. As the distance of shield tunneling becomes longer and longer, the geological conditions gradually change from homogeneous strata to composite strata. When tunneling shield tunnels in complex strata with alternating soft and hard strata, it is difficult for a soft soil cutterhead to meet the rock breaking requirements with only a cutter. The composite cutterhead is equipped with both a cutter and a roller, which has the ability to cut soft soil and crush rock, significantly improving the efficiency of shield tunneling in composite strata.

[0003] However, when the shield cutterhead cuts the soil layer, the roller cutter is prone to eccentric wear due to its inability to rotate; and when the shield cutterhead breaks the rock layer, the leading cutter will wear and the alloy will crack due to friction and impact. Especially for (super) large diameter shield tunnel sections, the strata are unevenly soft and hard, and the proportion of the strata changes with the shield excavation, and the demand for tool types at the same position on the cutterhead will also change accordingly. If the shield cutter layout is not optimized in time, it is very easy to cause serious abnormal wear of the cutter, restricting the safe and efficient excavation of the shield in composite strata. For example: In the composite strata of sandy clay and weathered granite in the Cuihuai section of Shenzhen Metro Line 12, the cutting life of the shield cutters is as low as 45m 3 / , abnormal wear accounts for as high as about 40%, and frequent shutdowns for maintenance and tool replacement have become one of the key factors in excavation efficiency and construction costs.

[0004] In order to improve the geological adaptability and cutting efficiency of composite formation cutting tools, domestic scholars have carried out a lot of research on the optimization layout of shield cutting tools, but most of them focus on the optimization design of cutting tool material, structural shape, cutting tool spacing, cutting tool height difference, etc.

[0005] A Chinese patent (publication date: August 21, 2020, publication number: CN111560532A) discloses a new method for preparing shield machine cutters, which uses a new powder coating technology - chemical plating to coat a cobalt metal layer on the surface of tungsten carbide powder with a particle size of 4 to 6 μm, and then mixes the obtained WC-Co with additives to form a WC-Cr3C2-TaC-Co composite powder, which is vacuum sintered to form a WC-Cr3C2-TaC-Co cemented carbide cutter head. Although this method can improve the wear resistance of shield cutters, it cannot meet the needs of tool functions changing with the change of stratum properties.

[0006] A Chinese patent (publication date: October 3, 2012, publication number: CN202467852U) discloses an arc-shaped forerunner for a shield machine, wherein the upper surface of the cutter body adopts an arc-shaped structure, and the two sides of the cutter body are trapezoidal in shape to facilitate rock and soil diversion, reduce the extrusion and accumulation of rock and soil toward the center of the cutter head, avoid direct wear of the rock and soil on the cutter body, and optimize the cutter body structure and service life. Although this method can increase the cutting distance life of the forerunner in the soil layer, it still cannot meet the functional requirements of the shield cutter for extruding and crushing the rock layer.

[0007] A Chinese patent (publication date: May 29, 2020, publication number: CN111206940A) discloses a normal pressure cutter disc knife spacing arrangement device, which solves the problem of difficulty in arranging knife spacing in the center of the normal pressure cutter disc by arranging a normal pressure tool changing device with staggered heights on the center block flange. However, this method can only be used for optimizing the arrangement of cutters on the center block flange of the cutter disc, and cannot solve the problem of interchangeability between cutting cutters and hobs at the same position of the cutter disc.

[0008] A Chinese patent (publication date: November 26, 2021, publication number: CN113704930A) discloses a design method for the spatial arrangement of shield cutters in three dimensions and in large echelons. By establishing a combined force model of the loosening of the echelon wedge plow and the peeling of the scraper, the elevation difference of the leading cutter and the scraper arranged in echelons is calculated and determined, which extends the distance of continuous excavation without changing the cutter and improves the efficiency of shield tunneling. However, the optimized shield cutter elevation difference is only applicable to soft soil strata and cannot meet the needs of tunneling in rock strata.

[0009] In summary, the existing cutter geological adaptability design methods are mostly focused on optimizing the cutter material, structural shape, cutter spacing, cutter height difference, etc., and are unable to adapt to the actual needs of the cutter excavation function changing accordingly with the alternating changes in soft and hard composite strata. The cutter is prone to abnormal wear when it is not adapted to the geological conditions, and the shield excavation efficiency and project construction costs are significantly improved. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technology and provide a long-distance composite stratum shield guide cutter and roller cutter interchange device and its use method, so as to realize the rapid interchange between the guide cutter and the roller cutter and significantly reduce the wear of the roller cutter ring caused by the excavation face rock.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the long-distance composite stratum shield guide cutter and roller cutter interchange device designed by the present invention includes a shield tool holder, which is an equilateral cross structure, wherein the guide cutter and the roller cutter are installed at two adjacent ends, and the other two ends are a guide cutter seat for installing the guide cutter and a roller cutter seat for installing the roller cutter, and the end of the guide cutter seat and the end of the roller cutter seat are both provided with a cylinder flange for connecting the tool changing cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the guide knife is fixedly mounted on the guide knife seat through a tool mounting hole, and the guide knife comprises a guide knife body and a guide blade located at the end of the guide knife body, and the contour of the guide blade is wedge-shaped.

[0013] Preferably, a tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block is welded in the middle of the leading blade, and wedge-shaped tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy blocks are welded on both sides, and the size of the tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block is larger than that of the tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block.

[0014] Preferably, the hob comprises a hob body and a hob ring located at the outer circumference of the hob body, and the hob body is mounted on the hob seat via a hob shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the hob cutter ring is a smooth cutter ring, and its hardness is 1.1 to 1.2 times the hardness of the rock on the excavation surface.

[0016] Preferably, the hob cutter ring is a toothed cutter ring, and the outer edge of the toothed cutter ring is a cutter tooth made of tungsten carbide cemented carbide.

[0017] Preferably, the cutter teeth are fixed to the insert cutter ring by connecting bolts.

[0018] A method for using the device for exchanging the lead cutter and roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield machine. When the shield machine enters a rock stratum from a soil stratum, the shield tool holder is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the lead cutter at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the roller cutter. When the shield machine enters a soil stratum from a rock stratum, the shield tool holder is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the lead cutter.

[0019] Preferably, when the shield tool holder is pulled out, the tool-changing cylinder is connected to the opposite cylinder flange via bolts, and the shield tool holder is pulled out using the tool-changing cylinder.

[0020] A method for using the device for exchanging a leading cutter and a roller cutter for a long-distance composite stratum shield, when replacing the leading cutter or the roller cutter, comprises the following steps:

[0021] A) Select a tool-changing cylinder with matching stroke specifications according to the structural dimensions of the leading tool holder and the hob holder, and connect the tool-changing cylinder to the opposite cylinder flange with bolts;

[0022] B) Use a hand chain hoist to hoist the tool limit cylinder so that it is on the same horizontal line as the center axis of the tool changing cylinder. Install the limit cylinder on the outside of the tool changing cylinder and connect it to the tool changing cylinder with bolts;

[0023] C) Pull back the excessively worn leading cutter or roller cutter in front by retracting the cutter changing cylinder. When the excessively worn leading cutter or roller cutter is completely retracted into the cutter compartment, immediately close the cutter changing gate to avoid water / slurry gushing;

[0024] D) Loosen the corresponding fixing bolts to remove the tool limit cylinder and tool changing cylinder in turn, and reinstall them at the cylinder flange position according to steps A) to C);

[0025] E) Rotate the shield tool holder to align the hob or pilot cutter with the installation position, open the tool change gate and install the hob or pilot cutter back to the hob seat or pilot cutter seat;

[0026] F) Repeat steps A) to E) to complete the replacement of the pilot cutters and roller cutters at other positions of the shield cutterhead and then resume excavation. Use the interval time when the shield is shut down to assemble the segments to repair the replaced pilot cutters or roller cutters.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. The overall design of the shield cutter holder is an equilateral cross structure. During the replacement of the shield cutter, it can be rotated 90°, so that the leading cutter and the hob can be exchanged safely and quickly;

[0029] 2. The shape and profile of the leading blade is designed as a wedge structure, with a small-sized tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block welded in the middle and large-sized tungsten carbide wedge-shaped wear-resistant alloy blocks welded on both sides, which can significantly reduce the resistance of the leading blade when loosening the soil layer, effectively alleviate the wear of the leading blade and increase the cutting distance and life of the tool;

[0030] 3. Tungsten carbide carbide teeth are arranged on the outer edge of the toothed cutter ring. The alloy teeth and the hob ring are connected by bolts instead of traditional welding. When some teeth are excessively worn or brittlely broken, they can be replaced separately by loosening the bolts, which can effectively reduce the consumption of the cutter ring and the cost of tool replacement;

[0031] 4. The hardness of the smooth cutter ring alloy is designed to be 1.1 to 1.2 times the hardness of the excavation surface rock. It can not only effectively reduce the normal wear of the excavation surface rock on the cutter ring, but also effectively prevent the alloy from having too low toughness due to excessive hardness, causing the cutter ring to crack when impacting and colliding with high-hardness rocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for exchanging a leading cutter and a roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield machine according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle leading knife;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hob with a smooth circular cutter ring;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a hob with a toothed cutter ring;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Installation diagram of the middle cutter teeth.

[0037] The components in the figure are numbered as follows:

[0038] Shield tool holder 1, leading cutter 2, hob 3, leading cutter seat 4, hob seat 5, cylinder flange 6, tool mounting hole 7, leading cutter body 8, leading blade 9, tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block 10, tungsten carbide wedge-shaped wear-resistant alloy block 11, hob body 12, hob ring 13, hob shaft 14, smooth cutter ring 15, toothed cutter ring 16, cutter teeth 17, bolts 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for exchanging a guide cutter and a roller cutter for a long-distance composite stratum shield machine comprises a shield tool holder 1, which is an equilateral cross structure, wherein a guide cutter 2 and a roller cutter 3 are installed at two adjacent ends, and the other two ends are a guide cutter seat 4 for installing the guide cutter 2 and a roller cutter seat 5 for installing the roller cutter 3, and the ends of the guide cutter seat 4 and the roller cutter seat 5 are both provided with a cylinder flange 6 for connecting the tool changing cylinder.

[0042] When this embodiment is in use, when the shield machine enters the rock layer from the soil layer, the shield tool holder 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the leading cutter 2 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the roller cutter 3. When the shield machine enters the soil layer from the rock layer, the shield tool holder 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter 3 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the leading cutter 2.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide cutter 2 and the roller cutter 3 are respectively installed on the top and left side of the shield tool frame 1, and the guide cutter seat 4 and the roller cutter seat 5 are respectively arranged on the bottom and right side. During switching, when the shield machine enters the rock layer from the soil layer, the shield tool frame 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° clockwise and then reinstalled, and the guide cutter 2 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the roller cutter 3. When the shield machine enters the soil layer from the rock layer, the shield tool frame 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° counterclockwise and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter 3 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the guide cutter 2.

[0044] When replacing the leading cutter 2 or the hob 3, the following steps are included:

[0045] A) Select a tool-changing cylinder with matching stroke specifications according to the structural dimensions of the leading tool holder 4 and the hob holder 5, and connect the tool-changing cylinder to the cylinder flange 6 facing it through bolts;

[0046] B) Use a hand chain hoist to hoist the tool limit cylinder so that it is on the same horizontal line as the center axis of the tool changing cylinder. Install the limit cylinder on the outside of the tool changing cylinder and connect it to the tool changing cylinder with bolts;

[0047] C) Pull back the excessively worn leading cutter or roller cutter in front by retracting the cutter changing cylinder. When the excessively worn leading cutter 2 or roller cutter 3 is completely retracted into the cutter compartment, immediately close the cutter changing gate to avoid water / slurry gushing;

[0048] D) Loosen the corresponding fixing bolts to remove the tool limit cylinder and tool changing cylinder in turn, and reinstall them at the cylinder flange 6 according to steps A) to C);

[0049] E) Rotate the shield tool holder 1 to align the hob 3 or the leading cutter 2 with the installation position, open the tool change gate and install the hob 3 or the leading cutter 2 back to the hob seat 5 or the leading cutter seat 4;

[0050] F) Repeat steps A) to E) to complete the replacement of the leading cutter 2 and the roller cutter 3 at other positions of the shield cutter head and then resume excavation, and use the interval time when the shield is shut down to assemble the segments to repair the replaced leading cutter 2 or roller cutter 3.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for exchanging a guide cutter and a roller cutter for a long-distance composite stratum shield machine comprises a shield tool holder 1, which is an equilateral cross structure, wherein a guide cutter 2 and a roller cutter 3 are installed at two adjacent ends, and the other two ends are a guide cutter seat 4 for installing the guide cutter 2 and a roller cutter seat 5 for installing the roller cutter 3, and the ends of the guide cutter seat 4 and the roller cutter seat 5 are both provided with a cylinder flange 6 for connecting the tool changing cylinder.

[0053] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the guide knife 2 is fixedly mounted on the guide knife seat 4 through the tool mounting hole 7. The guide knife 2 includes a guide knife body 8 and a guide blade 9 located at the end of the guide knife body 8. The outline of the guide blade 9 is wedge-shaped, which can significantly reduce the resistance of the guide knife 2 when plowing the soil layer, alleviate the wear of the guide knife 2 and improve the cutting distance life. Specifically, a tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block 10 is welded in the middle of the guide blade 9, and tungsten carbide wedge-shaped wear-resistant alloy blocks 11 are welded on both sides. The size of the tungsten carbide wedge-shaped wear-resistant alloy block 11 is larger than the size of the tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block 10.

[0054] When this embodiment is in use, when the shield machine enters the rock layer from the soil layer, the shield tool holder 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the leading cutter 2 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the roller cutter 3. When the shield machine enters the soil layer from the rock layer, the shield tool holder 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter 3 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the leading cutter 2.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide cutter 2 and the roller cutter 3 are respectively installed on the top and left side of the shield tool frame 1, and the guide cutter seat 4 and the roller cutter seat 5 are respectively arranged on the bottom and right side. During switching, when the shield machine enters the rock layer from the soil layer, the shield tool frame 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° clockwise and then reinstalled, and the guide cutter 2 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the roller cutter 3. When the shield machine enters the soil layer from the rock layer, the shield tool frame 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° counterclockwise and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter 3 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the guide cutter 2.

[0056] When replacing the leading cutter 2 or the hob 3, the following steps are included:

[0057] A) Select a tool-changing cylinder with matching stroke specifications according to the structural dimensions of the leading tool holder 4 and the hob holder 5, and connect the tool-changing cylinder to the cylinder flange 6 facing it through bolts;

[0058] B) Use a hand chain hoist to hoist the tool limit cylinder so that it is on the same horizontal line as the center axis of the tool changing cylinder. Install the limit cylinder on the outside of the tool changing cylinder and connect it to the tool changing cylinder with bolts;

[0059] C) Pull back the excessively worn leading cutter or roller cutter in front by retracting the cutter changing cylinder. When the excessively worn leading cutter 2 or roller cutter 3 is completely retracted into the cutter compartment, immediately close the cutter changing gate to avoid water / slurry gushing;

[0060] D) Loosen the corresponding fixing bolts to remove the tool limit cylinder and tool changing cylinder in turn, and reinstall them at the cylinder flange 6 according to steps A) to C);

[0061] E) Rotate the shield tool holder 1 to align the hob 3 or the leading cutter 2 with the installation position, open the tool change gate and install the hob 3 or the leading cutter 2 back to the hob seat 5 or the leading cutter seat 4;

[0062] F) Repeat steps A) to E) to complete the replacement of the leading cutter 2 and the roller cutter 3 at other positions of the shield cutter head and then resume excavation, and use the interval time when the shield is shut down to assemble the segments to repair the replaced leading cutter 2 or roller cutter 3.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] like Figure 1As shown, a device for exchanging a guide cutter and a roller cutter for a long-distance composite stratum shield machine comprises a shield tool holder 1, which is an equilateral cross structure, wherein a guide cutter 2 and a roller cutter 3 are installed at two adjacent ends, and the other two ends are a guide cutter seat 4 for installing the guide cutter 2 and a roller cutter seat 5 for installing the roller cutter 3, and the ends of the guide cutter seat 4 and the roller cutter seat 5 are both provided with a cylinder flange 6 for connecting the tool changing cylinder.

[0065] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the guide knife 2 is fixedly mounted on the guide knife seat 4 through the tool mounting hole 7. The guide knife 2 includes a guide knife body 8 and a guide blade 9 located at the end of the guide knife body 8. The outline of the guide blade 9 is wedge-shaped, which can significantly reduce the resistance of the guide knife 2 when plowing the soil layer, alleviate the wear of the guide knife 2 and improve the cutting distance life. Specifically, a tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block 10 is welded in the middle of the guide blade 9, and tungsten carbide wedge-shaped wear-resistant alloy blocks 11 are welded on both sides. The size of the tungsten carbide wedge-shaped wear-resistant alloy block 11 is larger than the size of the tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block 10.

[0066] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the hob 3 includes a hob body 12 and a hob ring 13 located on the outer circumference of the hob body 12. The hob body 12 is mounted on the hob seat 5 through a hob shaft 14. In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the hob cutter ring 13 is a smooth cutter ring 15. The smooth cutter ring 15 can be used in hard rock formations to crush the rock mass on the excavation surface. Its hardness is 1.1 to 1.2 times that of the rock on the excavation surface, specifically 1.2 times. While reducing the wear of the rock on the excavation surface on the smooth cutter ring 15, it can effectively prevent the smooth cutter ring 15 from being cracked due to excessive hardness. At the same time, Figure 4 As shown, the cutter ring 13 can also be a toothed cutter ring 16. The use of the toothed cutter ring 16 in soft rock formations can avoid eccentric wear caused by insufficient starting torque. Figure 5 As shown, the outer edge of the insert cutter ring 16 is a cutter tooth 17 made of tungsten carbide, and the cutter tooth 17 is fixed to the insert cutter ring 16 by connecting bolts 18. When part of the cutter teeth 17 is damaged, they can be replaced individually by loosening the connecting bolts 18. Compared with the traditional fixing method of directly welding the cutter teeth 17 to the insert cutter ring 16, the use of connecting bolts 18 can effectively reduce the usage and cost of the insert cutter ring 16.

[0067] When this embodiment is in use, when the shield machine enters the rock layer from the soil layer, the shield tool holder 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the leading cutter 2 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the roller cutter 3. When the shield machine enters the soil layer from the rock layer, the shield tool holder 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter 3 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced with the leading cutter 2.

[0068] Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide cutter 2 and the roller cutter 3 are respectively installed on the top and left side of the shield tool frame 1, and the guide cutter seat 4 and the roller cutter seat 5 are respectively arranged on the bottom and right side. During switching, when the shield machine enters the rock layer from the soil layer, the shield tool frame 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° clockwise and then reinstalled, and the guide cutter 2 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the roller cutter 3. When the shield machine enters the soil layer from the rock layer, the shield tool frame 1 is pulled out, rotated 90° counterclockwise and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter 3 at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the guide cutter 2.

[0069] When replacing the leading cutter 2 or the hob 3, the following steps are included:

[0070] A) Select a tool-changing cylinder with matching stroke specifications according to the structural dimensions of the leading tool holder 4 and the hob holder 5, and connect the tool-changing cylinder to the cylinder flange 6 facing it through bolts;

[0071] B) Use a hand chain hoist to hoist the tool limit cylinder so that it is on the same horizontal line as the center axis of the tool changing cylinder. Install the limit cylinder on the outside of the tool changing cylinder and connect it to the tool changing cylinder with bolts;

[0072] C) Pull back the excessively worn leading cutter or roller cutter in front by retracting the cutter changing cylinder. When the excessively worn leading cutter 2 or roller cutter 3 is completely retracted into the cutter compartment, immediately close the cutter changing gate to avoid water / slurry gushing;

[0073] D) Loosen the corresponding fixing bolts to remove the tool limit cylinder and tool changing cylinder in turn, and reinstall them at the cylinder flange 6 according to steps A) to C);

[0074] E) Rotate the shield tool holder 1 to align the hob 3 or the leading cutter 2 with the installation position, open the tool change gate and install the hob 3 or the leading cutter 2 back to the hob seat 5 or the leading cutter seat 4;

[0075] F) Repeat steps A) to E) to complete the replacement of the leading cutter 2 and the roller cutter 3 at other positions of the shield cutter head and then resume excavation, and use the interval time when the shield is shut down to assemble the segments to repair the replaced leading cutter 2 or roller cutter 3.

[0076] The present invention discloses a device for exchanging a forerunner cutter and a roller cutter for a long-distance composite stratum shield machine and a method for using the same. The shield cutter holder 1 is designed as an equilateral cross structure as a whole. During the replacement of the shield cutter, the forerunner cutter 2 and the roller cutter 3 can be safely and quickly exchanged by rotating 90 degrees. The shape and contour of the forerunner blade 9 is designed as a wedge-shaped structure. A small-sized tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block 10 is welded in the middle, and large-sized tungsten carbide wedge-shaped wear-resistant alloy blocks 11 are welded on both sides. The resistance of the forerunner cutter 2 when plowing the soil layer can be significantly reduced, the wear of the forerunner cutter 2 can be effectively alleviated, and the cutting distance and life of the cutter can be increased. The outer edge of the toothed cutter ring 16 is arranged with carbon The alloy cutter teeth 17 are connected to the cutter ring 13 by bolts instead of traditional welding. When some cutter teeth 17 are excessively worn or brittlely fractured, they can be replaced individually by loosening the bolts, which can effectively reduce the cutter ring consumption and the cost of changing cutters. The alloy hardness of the smooth cutter ring 15 is designed to be 1.1 to 1.2 times the hardness of the rock on the excavation surface, which can not only effectively reduce the normal wear of the rock on the excavation surface on the cutter ring 13, but also effectively prevent the alloy from having too low toughness due to excessive hardness, causing the cutter ring to crack when impacting and colliding with high-hardness rocks.

[0077] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for exchanging a leading cutter and a roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield machine, comprising a shield cutter holder (1), characterized in that: The shield tool holder (1) is an equilateral cross-shaped structure, wherein a guide cutter (2) and a roller cutter (3) are installed at two adjacent ends, and the other two ends are a guide cutter seat (4) for installing the guide cutter (2) and a roller cutter seat (5) for installing the roller cutter (3), and the ends of the guide cutter seat (4) and the roller cutter seat (5) are both provided with a cylinder flange (6) for connecting a tool changing cylinder.

2. According to the long-distance composite stratum shield leading cutter and roller cutter interchange device of claim 1, it is characterized by: The leading knife (2) is fixedly mounted on the leading knife seat (4) through a knife mounting hole (7); the leading knife (2) comprises a leading knife body (8) and a leading blade (9) located at the end of the leading knife body (8); the contour of the leading blade (9) is shaped like a wedge.

3. The device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block (10) is welded in the middle of the leading blade (9), and wedge-shaped tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy blocks (11) are welded on both sides. The size of the tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block (11) is larger than that of the tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy block (10).

4. The device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hob (3) comprises a hob body (12) and a hob ring (13) located on the outer circumference of the hob body (12); the hob body (12) is mounted on the hob seat (5) via a hob shaft (14).

5. The device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The hob cutter ring (13) is a smooth cutter ring (15) whose hardness is 1.1 to 1.2 times the hardness of the rock on the excavation surface.

6. The device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to claim 4 is characterized by: The hob cutter ring (13) is a toothed cutter ring (16), and the outer edge of the toothed cutter ring (16) is a cutter tooth (17) made of tungsten carbide hard alloy.

7. The device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to claim 5 is characterized by: The cutter teeth (17) are fixed on the insert cutter ring (16) via connecting bolts (18).

8. A method for using the device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the shield machine enters the rock layer from the soil layer, the shield tool holder (1) is pulled out, rotated 90 degrees and then reinstalled, and the leading cutter (2) at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the roller cutter (3). When the shield machine enters the soil layer from the rock layer, the shield tool holder (1) is pulled out, rotated 90 degrees and then reinstalled, and the roller cutter (3) at the corresponding position on the cutter head panel is replaced by the leading cutter (2).

9. The method for using the device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to claim 8 is characterized by: When the shield tool holder (1) is pulled out, the tool change cylinder is connected to the opposite cylinder flange (6) via bolts, and the shield tool holder (1) is pulled out using the tool change cylinder.

10. A method for using the device for exchanging the leading cutter and the roller cutter of a long-distance composite stratum shield according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When replacing the leading cutter (2) or the hob (3), the following steps are included: A) Select a tool-changing oil cylinder with matching stroke specifications according to the structural dimensions of the leading tool holder (4) and the hob holder (5), and connect the tool-changing oil cylinder to the opposite cylinder flange (6) through bolts; B) Use a hand chain hoist to hoist the tool limit cylinder so that it is on the same horizontal line as the center axis of the tool changing cylinder. Install the limit cylinder on the outside of the tool changing cylinder and connect it to the tool changing cylinder with bolts; C) Pull back the excessively worn leading cutter or roller cutter located in front by retracting the cutter changing cylinder. When the excessively worn leading cutter (2) or roller cutter (3) is completely retracted into the cutter compartment, immediately close the cutter changing gate to avoid water / slurry gushing; D) Loosen the corresponding fixing bolts to remove the tool stopper and tool changing cylinder in turn, and reinstall them at the cylinder flange (6) according to steps A) to C); E) Rotate the shield cutter holder (1) to align the roller cutter (3) or the leading cutter (2) with the installation position, open the cutter changing gate and install the roller cutter (3) or the leading cutter (2) back to the roller cutter seat (5) or the leading cutter seat (4); F) Repeat steps A) to E) to complete the replacement of the leading cutter (2) and the roller cutter (3) at other positions of the shield cutter head, and then resume excavation. Use the interval time when the shield is stopped to assemble the segments to repair the replaced leading cutter (2) or roller cutter (3).

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