Tunnel anchor rod supporting device with pre-tightening force automatic detection mechanism and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel anchor rod supporting device with a pre-tightening force automatic detection mechanism and a using method. The tunnel anchor rod supporting device comprises a base disc, a detachable machine box is installed at the top of the base disc, a top disc is connected to the top of the machine box, a mounting frame is fixedly installed in the machine box, and a self-locking motor is installed in the middle of the mounting frame; the output end of the self-locking motor is in transmission connection with a lead screw, the lead screw is sleeved with a hollow grouting anchor rod, the end, away from the self-locking motor, of the hollow grouting anchor rod is fixedly connected with an expansion shell anchor head, and the lead screw is in threaded connection with a pre-tightening nut located in the expansion shell anchor head. The whole device automatically detects the condition of the pre-tightening force, so that whether the pre-tightening force applied after the pre-tightening force is applied to the hollow grouting anchor rod reaches the standard or not is conveniently judged; the supporting force is improved through the auxiliary supporting mechanism and the multiple limiting mechanisms, and tunnel anchor rod supporting is firmer and more reliable. After the detection is completed, the external device is disassembled and can be reused, so that the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel anchor support, in particular to a tunnel anchor support device with an automatic preload force detection mechanism and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Prestressed anchor rods are the most basic component of the initial support of tunnel excavation. By applying preload, tunnel surrounding rocks of different strength properties are effectively connected together, improving the self-stabilizing ability of the surrounding rock. Hollow grouting anchor rods are typical prestressed anchor rods and are widely used. They are embedded in stable rock formations at one end, preload is applied on the other side, and finally grouting is performed to seal the anchor to achieve the support effect. The preload provides active support to the surrounding rock, and its size is particularly important. However, the current monitoring means for whether the applied preload meets the standard is not yet mature. The investigation found that: Patent No. CN202310010645.2 discloses a method for monitoring prestressed anchor support in deep soft rock tunnels, which involves the field of prestressed anchor support monitoring technology. It is used to solve the problems that the existing prestressed anchor support cannot conduct comprehensive and daily monitoring of deep soft rock tunnels, resulting in the inability to reasonably select prestressed anchor support parameters, and the limited level of monitoring personnel, resulting in poor monitoring effect and low accuracy. However, this invention patent cannot monitor the size of the anchor preload force.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to invent a tunnel anchor support device with an automatic preload detection mechanism and a use method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel anchor support device with an automatic preload detection mechanism, so as to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that the existing hollow grouting anchors are usually installed inside the tunnel using a threaded rod body, but after the preload is applied to the hollow grouting anchor, it is impossible to automatically measure whether the applied preload meets the standard, which is inconvenient to use, thereby reducing the safety of the installation and construction of the hollow grouting anchor.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a tunnel anchor support device with an automatic preload detection mechanism, comprising a base plate, a detachable machine box is installed on the top of the base plate, a top plate is connected to the top of the machine box, a mounting frame is fixedly installed inside the machine box, a self-locking motor is installed in the middle of the mounting frame, an output end of the self-locking motor is transmission-connected to a screw rod, a hollow grouting anchor rod is sleeved on the screw rod, a pad is threadedly connected to the hollow grouting anchor rod, an expansion shell anchor head is fixedly connected to the end of the hollow grouting anchor rod away from the self-locking motor, and a A preload nut is located in the expansion shell anchor head, and an annular preload measurement sensor is provided on the side of the preload nut facing the expansion shell anchor head and on the hollow grouting anchor rod. Fixing mechanisms are installed on both sides of the bottom end of the base plate, and sub-branch mechanisms are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the base plate. A fixing box is connected to the top of the top plate, and a mounting seat is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixing box. A controller is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting seat. During installation, the hollow grouting anchor rod and the support reinforcement rod are inserted into the hole, and the self-locking motor is started to automatically detect the preload force of the hollow grouting anchor rod through the annular preload measurement sensor.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the self-locking motor is electrically connected to the controller, the annular preload force measurement sensor is matched with the controller, and the annular preload force measurement sensor is electrically connected to an external power supply through the controller, the display end of the controller extends to the outside, and the preload force information sensed by the annular preload force measurement sensor is transmitted to the controller and displayed on the display end of the controller.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fixing mechanism includes a telescopic rod, a jacket spring, a top plate and a bottom plate. The outer side of the telescopic rod is jacketed with a jacket spring, the top of the telescopic rod is connected to the top plate, and the output end of the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom plate. The jacket spring applies elastic force to the contacting wall through the bottom plate, so that the bottom plate and the wall generate friction resistance due to the action of force, thereby playing a fixing role, and the telescopic rod prevents the bottom plate from tilting.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the top of the top plate is connected to the surface of the base plate, and fixing screws are provided on both sides of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is fixed to the wall by the fixing screws.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the outer sleeve spring is located on the outside of the telescopic rod, the outer side of the fixing mechanism is provided with a pleated sleeve, and the top of the pleated sleeve is connected to the surface of the base plate. The pleated sleeve is provided to protect the telescopic rod to avoid hindering the telescopic movement of the telescopic rod.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sub-branch mechanism includes a support reinforcement rod and a limiting mechanism. A plurality of limiting mechanisms are fixedly installed on the surface of the support reinforcement rod. After the sub-branch mechanism is installed, a plurality of limiting mechanisms are used to limit the position, thereby improving the supporting force and making the tunnel anchor support more firm and reliable.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the limiting mechanism includes a first laminate, a second laminate and a micro spring. The second laminate is hinged on one side of the first laminate, and a plurality of micro springs are installed between the first laminate and the second laminate. The first laminate is squeezed outward along the elastic force action line of the micro spring, and the first laminate is stuck on the inner wall of the hole to complete the limiting.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a grouting stop plug is fixedly connected to one end of the pad facing the expansion shell anchor head, and a locking nut is provided at the end of the pad away from the expansion shell anchor head. The locking nut and the grouting stop plug are both mounted on the hollow grouting anchor rod. After tightening the hollow grouting anchor rod, the locking nut is tightened to fix the pad, and the grouting stop plug prevents slurry leakage.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. Simple operation. During installation and use, the hollow grouting anchor rod is tightened into the tunnel by rotation, and the hollow grouting anchor rod is supported. The self-locking motor is turned on, and the self-locking motor drives the screw rod to rotate, driving the preload nut to apply force to the annular preload measurement sensor and the hollow grouting anchor rod, thereby detecting the preload of the hollow grouting anchor rod. The preload of the hollow grouting anchor rod is automatically detected, which is easy to use and improves the safety of the installation and construction of the hollow grouting anchor rod;

[0015] 2. Strong stability. When the secondary branch mechanism penetrates the hole in the tunnel, the top plate enters the tunnel, and the micro springs of several limit mechanisms are compressed. Later, the first laminate is squeezed outward under the elastic force of the micro spring, and the first laminate is stuck on the inner wall of the hole to complete the limit. During use, the support reinforcement rod can strengthen the support effect on the tunnel, improve the support force, reduce the loss of preload force, and make the tunnel anchor support more solid and reliable;

[0016] 3. Reusable. After the test is completed, disassemble the box of the self-locking motor, unscrew the screw, remove the fixing screws connecting the film and the tunnel, and then remove the base plate. It is highly reusable, thus saving costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a connection structure diagram of the machine box of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the fixed box of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the sub-branch mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the limiting mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the on-site application of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. base plate; 2. machine box; 3. top plate; 4. fixing box; 5. hollow grouting anchor rod; 6. expansion shell anchor head; 7. auxiliary support mechanism; 8. fixing mechanism; 9. self-locking motor; 10. screw rod; 11. annular preload force measuring sensor; 12. preload force nut; 13. locking nut; 14. pad; 15. grouting stopper; 16. mounting seat; 17. controller; 18. telescopic rod; 19. outer sleeve spring; 20. top plate; 21. bottom plate; 22. pleated sleeve; 23. fixing screw; 24. support reinforcement rod; 25. limit mechanism; 26. first laminate; 27. second laminate; 28. micro spring; 29. ​​mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-7The present invention provides a tunnel anchor support device with an automatic preload detection mechanism, comprising a base plate 1, a detachable machine box 2 is installed on the top of the base plate 1, a top plate 3 is connected to the top of the machine box 2, a mounting frame 29 is fixedly installed inside the machine box 2, a self-locking motor 9 is installed in the middle of the mounting frame 29, an output end of the self-locking motor 9 is transmission-connected with a screw rod 10, a hollow grouting anchor rod 5 is sleeved on the screw rod 10, a backing plate 14 is threadedly connected to the hollow grouting anchor rod 5, an end of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 away from the self-locking motor 9 is fixedly connected to an expansion shell anchor head 6, and a screw rod 10 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 10. A preload nut 12 located in the expansion shell anchor head 6 is connected with the thread, and an annular preload measurement sensor 11 is provided on the side of the preload nut 12 facing the expansion shell anchor head 6 and on the hollow grouting anchor rod 5. The number of annular preload measurement sensors 11 on the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 can be increased or decreased as needed. Fixing mechanisms 8 are installed on both sides of the bottom end of the base plate 1, and sub-branch mechanisms 7 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the base plate 1. The top of the top plate 3 is connected with a fixing box 4, and the interior of the fixing box 4 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat 16, and the top of the mounting seat 16 is fixedly installed with a controller 17.

[0027] In this embodiment, before installing the device, a hole matching the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 and the support reinforcement rod 24 is first opened on the tunnel. During installation, the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 and the support reinforcement rod 24 are inserted into the hole, and one side of the bottom plate 21 of the plate is fixed to the outer wall of the tunnel by the fixing screws 23, thereby completing the installation of the base plate 1. The hollow grouting anchor rod 5 is tightened by manual operation. The shell of the expansion shell anchor head 6 expands during the tightening process of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5, so that it is pressed against the wall to generate an anchoring force. The self-locking motor 9 drives the screw 10 to rotate, driving the preload nut 12 to apply force to the annular preload measurement sensor 11 and the hollow grouting anchor rod 5, thereby detecting the preload of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5.

[0028] The self-locking motor 9 is electrically connected to the controller 17, the annular preload force measuring sensor 11 is matched with the controller 17, and the annular preload force measuring sensor 11 is electrically connected to the external power supply through the controller 17, and the display end of the controller 17 extends to the outside.

[0029] In this embodiment, the self-locking motor 9 drives the screw rod 10 to rotate, driving the pre-tightening nut 12 to move in the direction of the self-locking motor 9. The pre-tightening nut 12 applies force to the annular pre-tightening force measuring sensor 11 and to the hollow grouting anchor rod 5. The annular pre-tightening force measuring sensor 11 detects the force, thereby detecting the pre-tightening force of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5. The annular pre-tightening force measuring sensor 11 transmits the detected information to the controller 17, which is displayed through the display panel of the controller 17, so as to judge whether the pre-tightening force applied after the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 is applied meets the standard.

[0030] The fixing mechanism 8 includes a telescopic rod 18, an outer sleeve spring 19, a top sheet 20 and a bottom sheet 21. The outer side of the telescopic rod 18 is sleeved with the outer sleeve spring 19, the top of the telescopic rod 18 is connected to the top sheet 20, the output end of the telescopic rod 18 is connected to the bottom sheet 21, the top of the top sheet 20 is connected to the surface of the base plate 1, fixing screws 23 are provided on both sides of the bottom sheet 21, the outer sleeve spring 19 is located on the outer side of the telescopic rod 18, the outer side of the fixing mechanism 8 is sleeved with a pleated sleeve 22, and the top of the pleated sleeve 22 is connected to the surface of the base plate 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism 8 is connected to the tunnel surface via the fixing screws 23 on the bottom plate 21 . The fixing mechanism 8 can limit and fix the outer side of the base plate 1 to complete the installation of the base plate 1 .

[0032] The secondary branch mechanism 7 includes a support reinforcement rod 24 and a limiting mechanism 25. A plurality of limiting mechanisms 25 are fixedly installed on the surface of the support reinforcement rod 24. The limiting mechanism 25 includes a first laminate 26, a second laminate 27 and a micro spring 28. The second laminate 27 is hinged on one side of the first laminate 26, and a plurality of micro springs 28 are installed between the first laminate 26 and the second laminate 27.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the secondary branch mechanism 7 passes through the hole in the tunnel, the support reinforcement rod 24 enters the interior of the tunnel, and the micro springs 28 of several limiting mechanisms 25 are compressed. Later, under the elastic force of the micro springs 28, the first stack 26 is squeezed outward, and the first stack 26 is stuck on the inner wall of the hole to complete the limitation.

[0034] A grouting stop plug 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the pad 14 facing the expansion shell anchor head 6, and a locking nut 13 is provided at the end of the pad 14 facing away from the expansion shell anchor head 6. The locking nut 13 and the grouting stop plug 15 are both mounted on the hollow grouting anchor rod 5. After tightening the hollow grouting anchor rod 5, the locking nut 13 is tightened to fix the pad 14, and the grouting stop plug 15 prevents slurry leakage.

[0035] When used specifically, the tunnel anchor support device of the present invention having an automatic preload force detection mechanism has the following specific implementation steps:

[0036] (a) Drilling and installation to complete the limit. Before installing the device, first open a hole on the tunnel that matches the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 and the support reinforcement rod 24. During installation, insert the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 and the support reinforcement rod 24 into the hole. After the preload force is applied, perform the grouting process, and then install the grouting plug 15. When the secondary branch mechanism 7 penetrates the hole on the tunnel, the support reinforcement rod 24 enters the tunnel, and the micro springs 28 of several limit mechanisms 25 are compressed. Later, the first laminate 26 is squeezed outward along the elastic force line of the micro spring 28, and the first laminate 26 is stuck on the inner wall of the hole to complete the limit. During use, the support reinforcement rod 24 can strengthen the support effect on the tunnel, reduce the loss of preload force, and make the support device more firm and reliable;

[0037] (b) Fix in place and connect with screw rods. Install and fix the support reinforcement rod 24 to the base plate 1, fix one side of the bottom plate 21 to the tunnel wall with the fixing screws 23, and then complete the installation of the base plate 1. Then install the machine box 2 of the self-locking motor 9, and the screw rod 10 connected to the output end of the self-locking motor 9 passes through the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 and is connected to the preload nut 12 in the expansion shell anchor head 6;

[0038] (c) Anchoring application and force detection. Start the self-locking motor 9, which drives the screw rod 10 to rotate. The screw rod 10 drives the preload nut 12 to move through the thread. The shell of the expansion shell anchor head 6 expands during the tightening process of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5, so that it is pressed against the wall to generate an anchoring force, and then drives the preload nut 12 to apply force to the annular preload measurement sensor 11 and the hollow grouting anchor rod 5. At the same time, the annular preload measurement sensor 11 on the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 is also subjected to force, thereby detecting the preload of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5. The annular preload measurement sensor 11 transmits the detected information to the controller 17, which is displayed on the display panel of the controller 17, so as to facilitate the judgment of whether the preload applied by the hollow grouting anchor rod 5 meets the standard, thereby improving the safety of the construction of the hollow grouting anchor rod 5;

[0039] (d) After the test is completed, disassemble the instrument. After the test is completed, first disassemble the controller 17 and the fixing box 4, and then remove the top plate 3. Then disassemble the self-locking motor 9, remove the machine box 2, and unscrew the screw 10. Remove the fixing screws 23 connecting the bottom plate 21 to the tunnel, release the fixing mechanism 8 to limit the outer side of the base plate 1, and then remove the base plate 1. Then slowly remove the secondary branch mechanism 7, leave the hollow grouting anchor 5 in the hole, and the instrument is disassembled.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel bolt support device with an automatic preload detection mechanism, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A detachable machine box (2) is installed on the top of the base plate (1), and a top plate (3) is connected to the top of the machine box (2). A mounting frame (29) is fixedly installed inside the machine box (2), and a self-locking motor (9) is installed in the middle of the mounting frame (29). The output end of the self-locking motor (9) is connected to a screw rod (10) in a transmission manner, and a hollow grouting anchor rod (5) is sleeved on the screw rod (10). A pad (14) is threadedly connected to the hollow grouting anchor rod (5), and an expansion shell anchor head (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the hollow grouting anchor rod (5) away from the self-locking motor (9). The screw rod ( 10) is threadedly connected with a preload nut (12) located in the expansion shell anchor head (6), and an annular preload measurement sensor (11) is provided on the side of the preload nut (12) facing the expansion shell anchor head (6) and on the hollow grouting anchor rod (5), fixing mechanisms (8) are installed on both sides of the bottom end of the base plate (1), and auxiliary branch mechanisms (7) are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the base plate (1), and the top of the top plate (3) is connected to a fixing box (4), and the interior of the fixing box (4) is fixedly connected to a mounting seat (16), and the top of the mounting seat (16) is fixedly installed with a controller (17).

2. The tunnel bolt support device with automatic preload detection mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-locking motor (9) is electrically connected to the controller (17), the annular preload force measuring sensor (11) is matched with the controller (17), and the annular preload force measuring sensor (11) is electrically connected to an external power supply through the controller (17), and the display end of the controller (17) extends to the outside.

3. The tunnel bolt support device with automatic preload detection mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (8) comprises a telescopic rod (18), a jacket spring (19), a top plate (20) and a bottom plate (21); the outer side of the telescopic rod (18) is jacketed with the jacket spring (19); the top of the telescopic rod (18) is connected to the top plate (20); and the output end of the telescopic rod (18) is connected to the bottom plate (21).

4. The tunnel bolt support device with automatic preload detection mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The top of the top plate (20) is connected to the surface of the base plate (1), and fixing screws (23) are provided on both sides of the bottom plate (21).

5. The tunnel bolt support device with automatic preload detection mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer sleeve spring (19) is located outside the telescopic rod (18), and the outer side of the fixing mechanism (8) is provided with a pleated sleeve (22), and the top of the pleated sleeve (22) is connected to the surface of the base plate (1).

6. The tunnel bolt support device with automatic preload detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary branch mechanism (7) comprises a support reinforcement rod (24) and a limiting mechanism (25), and a plurality of limiting mechanisms (25) are fixedly mounted on the surface of the support reinforcement rod (24).

7. The tunnel bolt support device with automatic preload detection mechanism according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (25) comprises a first laminate (26), a second laminate (27) and a micro spring (28); the second laminate (27) is hingedly connected to one side of the first laminate (26), and a plurality of micro springs (28) are installed between the first laminate (26) and the second laminate (27).

8. The tunnel bolt support device with automatic preload detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grouting stopper (15) is fixedly connected to one end of the backing plate (14) facing the expansion shell anchor head (6), and a locking nut (13) is provided at one end of the backing plate (14) away from the expansion shell anchor head (6). Both the locking nut (13) and the grouting stopper (15) are sleeved on the hollow grouting anchor rod (5).

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