High-efficiency filling and monitoring system for stope room and filling quality monitoring method of high-efficiency filling and monitoring system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of island construction engineering, deep-sea mining and metal mine mining stability, and discloses a high-efficiency filling and monitoring system for a chamber and a filling quality monitoring method of the high-efficiency filling and monitoring system. The system comprises a filling system and a monitoring system, wherein the filling system comprises a filling header pipe, filling branch pipes, a filling slurry spraying device, a filling slurry distributing mechanism, a pipeline connecting device and a pipeline fixing device; the monitoring system comprises a pressure gauge, a monitoring main unit and the like. A filling method and a filling quality monitoring method are provided. The grouting branch pipes are connected with the grouting main pipe, and all the branch pipes are fixed to the goaf top plate surrounding rock, so that the goaf is more rapidly and more uniformly filled with the filling slurry, and the filling efficiency and quality and the reliability of the filling system are improved. The filling quality of the filling system and the change of the filling body in the follow-up production process are monitored in real time through the monitoring system, and it is ensured that the filling body fully plays the role of maintaining the stability of surrounding rock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of island construction engineering, deep-sea mining and metal mine mining stability, and specifically relates to a mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and a filling quality monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The chamber filling method is a method of ore resource development. Its characteristic is that the goaf is filled with filling materials in time with the recovery of ore. Its advantage is that it can fully exploit mineral resources. The filling body can support the surrounding rock of the goaf, prevent the deformation and collapse of the surrounding rock, and protect the underground and surface environment. At the same time, it provides a safe working environment for subsequent mining operations and protects the safety of workers and equipment. With the continuous advancement of filling materials, filling processes, pipeline transportation equipment and technology, the chamber filling method has been widely used in non-ferrous metal mines and precious metal mines. In addition, with the continuous reduction of filling costs and the continuous rise in the price of ore products, the proportion of filling method application is also increasing.

[0003] In the application of the existing mine filling method, only a single pipe is often used to fill the goaf from the bottom plate to the roof. During the filling process, the pressure that the single pipe needs to withstand is large, and the filling speed is relatively slow. When the filling pressure is insufficient, the filling body shrinks after filling, which can easily lead to the formation of gaps between the filling body and the roof, affecting the filling quality. When a single pipe is used for bottom-up filling, if the layout of the filling pipeline is unreasonable, it is difficult to effectively fill the entire goaf. For example, the higher position of the roof of the goaf is not filled in place, affecting the overall filling quality. At the same time, after the single-tube filling is completed, it is difficult to judge whether the entire goaf has been effectively filled. Secondly, it is difficult to judge the bearing condition of the subsequent filling body.

[0004] Poor overall filling quality will lead to the roof being effectively unsupported and collapsing, which will seriously affect the stability of the roof. Locations that are not effectively filled are likely to become dangerous areas of stress concentration, increasing the occurrence of surrounding rock fractures and roof falls, and causing serious hidden dangers for subsequent mine safety production.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an efficient mine filling and monitoring system and a filling quality monitoring method, so as to solve the problems of high filling pipe pressure and slow filling speed during the filling process, filling gaps between the filling body and the top plate of the goaf making it difficult to ensure the overall filling quality, difficulty in judging whether the filling is complete, and the load-bearing conditions of the filling body in the subsequent production process, so as to improve the safety of mine production and protect people's lives. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and a filling quality monitoring method thereof, characterized in that the mine room efficient filling and monitoring system comprises:

[0007] The filling system comprises a filling station, a filling main pipe, a filling slurry diversion mechanism, a plurality of filling branch pipes, a pipeline connecting device, a filling pipeline fixing device, and a filling slurry spraying device.

[0008] The monitoring system includes a plurality of pressure measuring components and a monitoring unit. Each of the pressure measuring components includes a pressure gauge fixing plate, a vibrating wire pressure gauge, and a cable conductor bundle. The monitoring unit is electrically connected to each pressure gauge and can receive real-time monitoring data of the pressure gauge.

[0009] The filling quality monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1, after the ore resources are mined, determine the relatively high position of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction of the goaf, set the number of relatively high positions of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction n≥3, determine the installation position of the roof pressure gauge, and determine the installation position of the bottom plate pressure gauge at a reasonable distance from the installation position of the roof pressure gauge in the horizontal direction on the bottom plate of the goaf;

[0011] S2, fix the pressure gauge fixing plate to the surrounding rock through expansion bolts, and then fix the pressure gauge to the installed pressure gauge fixing plate. After the pressure gauge is fixed and installed, connect the wires of each pressure gauge to the cable wire bundle, and connect the cable wire bundle to the monitoring main unit to complete the installation of the monitoring system;

[0012] S3, connect the filling slurry spraying device to each filling branch pipe and fix it on the roof surrounding rock of the goaf, so that the filling slurry spraying device is just located within the relatively high position of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction of the goaf that has been confirmed; connect each filling branch pipe to the filling main pipe through the filling slurry diversion mechanism to complete the installation and connection of the filling pipeline;

[0013] S4, according to the filling slurry ratio requirements of the mine filling station, make appropriate filling slurry, pump it into the filling main pipe, and fill the goaf as a whole through the installed filling pipeline;

[0014] S5, observe the real-time pressure value monitored by the bottom plate pressure gauge through the monitoring main unit. When the bottom plate pressure gauge reaches the preset pressure value, it indicates that the filling body of the goaf has reached the preset overall filling height; at this time, by adjusting the filling power device in the filling station, the pumping power of the filling slurry is increased, so that the filling system can fully fill the entire goaf, especially the highest point of the roof surrounding rock, to ensure that there is no gap between the filling body and the roof; when the pressure value monitored by the roof pressure gauge reaches the preset value, stop filling; this indicates that the entire goaf has been fully filled, ensuring that the filling body can effectively play its role in supporting the roof;

[0015] S6. The installed pressure gauges can then monitor the bearing condition of the filling body in real time. The filling quality and filling effect of the entire filling body can be monitored in real time through the monitoring data.

[0016] The filling station provides filling slurry for the entire filling process and can adjust the filling power during the filling process.

[0017] One end of the filling main pipe is connected to the filling slurry tank of the filling station, and the other end is connected to the filling slurry diversion mechanism.

[0018] One end of the filling slurry diversion mechanism is connected to the filling main pipe, and the other end is connected to each filling branch pipe. The filling slurry diversion mechanism includes slurry diversion valves, and the number of the slurry diversion valves matches the number of filling branch pipes. The filling slurry diversion mechanism can control the filling slurry supply of any filling branch pipe separately through each diversion valve.

[0019] One end of each filling branch pipe is connected to the filling main pipe through a filling slurry diversion mechanism, and the other end is connected to the filling slurry spraying device.

[0020] The pipeline connection device includes a flange, a gasket and bolts. One end of the flange can be connected to the filling main pipe and each filling branch pipe, and the other end is connected to the flange by bolts. When the flange is connected to another flange, there should be a layer of gasket between the flanges to ensure the airtightness of the connection, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the entire filling pipeline system.

[0021] The filling pipe fixing device includes a plurality of fixing components, which are composed of "U"-shaped stirrups with openings at both ends and expansion bolts. The expansion bolts pass through the openings at both ends of the stirrups and are driven into the surrounding rock to fix the pipes on the surrounding rock top plate of the goaf.

[0022] The filling slurry spraying device is connected to the filling branch pipes, and the spraying direction is vertically upward, spraying towards the roof of the goaf. The spraying center of the filling slurry spraying device is a relatively high position of the roof of each goaf in the vertical direction to ensure that the goaf is fully filled.

[0023] The pressure gauge fixing plate is a square thin steel plate with openings at the four corners of the steel plate. Expansion bolts pass through the openings and are driven into the roof surrounding rock to fix the steel plate on the roof. The fixing position is a relatively high position of the roof in each vertical direction of the goaf. The inner area of ​​the thin steel plate is opened according to the size of the pressure box to fix the vibrating wire pressure gauge on the steel plate.

[0024] The vibrating wire pressure gauge is composed of a stress pressure sensing plate, a pressure box, a sensor and a wire. The pressure sensing plate is built into the pressure box. The pressure sensing plate senses pressure changes. The pressure box protects the pressure sensing plate and fixes the pressure gauge. The pressure sensing plate is connected to the sensor, and the sensor is connected to the wire bundle. The outer contour of the pressure box is circular, and four small steel plates extend from the outer edge of the circle. The steel plates have drilled holes, and the drilled holes are matched with bolts to fix the pressure gauge on the pressure gauge fixing plate.

[0025] One end of the cable wire bundle is connected to the pressure gauge sensor, and the other end is connected to the monitoring unit. The pressure gauge wire and the cable wire bundle, and the cable wire bundle and the monitoring unit are all electrically connected.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] (1) Several grouting branches are connected to the main grouting pipe, and each branch is fixed on the surrounding rock of the goaf roof, so that the filling slurry can fill the goaf more quickly and evenly, effectively solving the problems of slow grouting speed, uneven grouting, high pipeline pressure, pipeline blockage, etc. in the traditional filling method, and improving the filling efficiency, quality and reliability of the filling system.

[0028] (2) By arranging a stress monitoring system on the floor and roof of the goaf, the filling quality of the filling system and the changes of the filling body in the subsequent production process are monitored in real time to ensure that the filling body fully plays its role in maintaining the stability of the surrounding rock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a vertical cross-sectional diagram of the goaf area during the implementation of a mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and a filling quality monitoring method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Middle Ⅰ-Ⅰ section top view;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle area A;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Detailed description of the filling station and the main monitoring unit;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 3 and 7 in detail illustrate the figure;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a diagram illustrating the structure of the pressure gauge;

[0035] In the figure: 1-goaf roof surrounding rock, 2-goaf surrounding rock boundary line, 3-pressure gauge fixing steel plate, 4-pressure gauge, 5-cable conductor bundle, 6-filling branch pipe, 7-pipeline fixing parts, 8-pipeline connecting flange, 9-filling slurry diversion mechanism, 10-filling station and monitoring main unit, 11-filling slurry spraying device, 12-goaf, 13-goaf floor, 14-mine room entrance, 15-pipeline connecting elbow, 16-filling main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] A mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and a filling quality monitoring method thereof, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1, after the recovery of ore resources is completed, determine the relatively high position of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction of the goaf, preferably the number of relatively high positions of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction n≥3, determine the installation position of the roof pressure gauge, and accordingly, determine the installation position of the bottom plate pressure gauge on the bottom plate of the goaf at a reasonable distance from the roof pressure gauge installation position in the horizontal direction.

[0040] S2, fix the pressure gauge fixing plate to the surrounding rock with expansion bolts, and then fix the pressure gauge to the installed pressure gauge fixing plate. After the pressure gauge is fixed and installed, connect the wires of each pressure gauge to the cable wire bundle, and connect the cable wire bundle to the monitoring main unit to complete the installation of the monitoring system.

[0041] S3, connect the filling slurry spraying device to each filling branch pipe and fix it on the roof surrounding rock of the goaf, so that the filling slurry spraying device is just located within the relatively high position of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction of the goaf that has been confirmed. Connect each filling branch pipe to the filling main pipe through the filling slurry diversion mechanism to complete the installation and connection of the filling pipeline.

[0042] S4, according to the filling slurry ratio requirements of the mine filling station, make appropriate filling slurry, pump it into the filling main pipe, and fill the goaf as a whole through the installed filling pipeline.

[0043] S5, then observe the real-time pressure value monitored by the bottom plate pressure gauge through the monitoring main unit. When the bottom plate pressure gauges all reach the preset pressure value, it indicates that the filling body of the goaf has reached the preset overall filling height. At this time, by adjusting the filling power device in the filling station, the pumping power of the filling slurry is increased, so that the filling system can fully fill the entire goaf, especially the highest point of the roof surrounding rock, to ensure that there is no gap between the filling body and the roof. When the pressure value monitored by the roof pressure gauge reaches the preset value, the filling is stopped. At this time, it shows that the entire goaf has been fully filled, ensuring that the filling body can effectively play its role in supporting the roof.

[0044] S6. The installed pressure gauges can then monitor the bearing condition of the filling body in real time. The filling quality and filling effect of the entire filling body can be monitored in real time through the monitoring data.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] The filling system described in S1-S5 is as follows Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the filling system includes 6-filling branch pipe, 7-pipeline fixing parts, 8-pipeline connecting flange, 9-filling slurry diversion mechanism, 10-filling station and the filling station in the monitoring main unit, 11-filling slurry spraying device, 15-pipeline connecting elbow, and 16-filling main pipe.

[0047] The 10-filling station and the filling station in the monitoring main unit described in A1 provide filling slurry for the entire filling process and can also adjust the filling power during the filling process.

[0048] A2: One end of the filling main pipe is connected to the filling slurry tank of the filling station, and the other end is connected to the filling slurry diversion mechanism.

[0049] A3 The filling slurry diversion mechanism is connected to the filling main pipe at one end and connected to each filling branch pipe at the other end. The filling slurry diversion mechanism includes slurry diversion valves, and the number of the slurry diversion valves matches the number of filling branch pipes. The filling slurry diversion mechanism can control the filling slurry supply of any filling branch pipe separately through each diversion valve.

[0050] A4 Each of the filling branch pipes has one end connected to the filling main pipe through a filling slurry diversion mechanism, and the other end connected to the filling slurry spraying device.

[0051] The pipe connection device described in A5 includes a flange, a gasket and bolts. One end of the flange can be connected to the filling main pipe and each filling branch pipe, and the other end is connected to the flange by bolts. When the flange is connected to another flange, there should be a layer of gasket between the flanges to ensure the airtightness of the connection, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the entire filling pipeline system.

[0052] A6 The filling pipe fixing device includes a plurality of fixing components, which are composed of "U"-shaped stirrups with openings at both ends and expansion bolts. The expansion bolts pass through the openings at both ends of the stirrups and are driven into the surrounding rock to fix the pipes on the surrounding rock roof of the goaf.

[0053] A7 The filling slurry spraying device is connected to the filling branch pipes, and the spraying direction is vertically upward, spraying toward the roof of the goaf. The spraying center of the filling slurry spraying device is a relatively high position of the roof of each goaf in the vertical direction to ensure that the goaf is fully filled.

[0054] Embodiment 3:

[0055] The monitoring system described in S6 is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the monitoring system includes 3-pressure gauge fixing steel plate, 4-pressure gauge, 5-cable wire bundle and 10-filling station and the monitoring main unit in the monitoring main unit.

[0056] B1 The pressure gauge fixing plate is a square thin steel plate with openings at the four corners of the steel plate. Expansion bolts pass through the openings and are driven into the roof surrounding rock to fix the steel plate on the roof. The fixing position is a relatively high position of the roof in each vertical direction of the goaf. The inner area of ​​the thin steel plate is opened according to the size of the pressure box to fix the pressure gauge on the steel plate.

[0057] B2 The vibrating wire pressure gauge is composed of a stress pressure sensing plate, a pressure box, a sensor and a wire. The pressure sensing plate is built into the pressure box. The pressure sensing plate senses pressure changes. The pressure box protects the pressure sensing plate and fixes the pressure gauge. The pressure sensing plate is connected to the sensor, and the sensor is connected to the wire bundle. The outer contour of the pressure box is circular, and four small steel plates extend from the outer edge of the circle. The steel plate has drilled holes, and the drilled holes are matched with bolts to fix the pressure gauge on the pressure gauge fixing plate.

[0058] One end of the cable wire bundle B3 is connected to the pressure gauge sensor, and the other end is connected to the monitoring unit. The pressure gauge wire and the cable wire bundle, and the cable wire bundle and the monitoring unit are all electrically connected.

[0059] The monitoring main unit B4 can monitor the load-bearing condition of the filling body in real time, and the filling quality and filling effect of the entire filling body can be monitored in real time through the monitoring data.

[0060] The above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and a filling quality monitoring method thereof, characterized in that: The mine filling and monitoring system consists of a filling system and a filling quality monitoring system; The filling system includes a filling station, a filling main pipe, a filling slurry diversion mechanism, a plurality of filling branch pipes, a pipe connecting device, a filling pipe fixing device, and a filling slurry spraying device; The monitoring system includes a plurality of pressure measuring components and a monitoring unit; the pressure measuring component includes a pressure gauge fixing plate, a vibrating wire pressure gauge and a cable conductor bundle; the monitoring unit is electrically connected to the vibrating wire pressure gauge to receive real-time monitoring data of the pressure gauge; The filling quality monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1, after the ore resources are mined, determine the relatively high position of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction of the goaf, set the number of relatively high positions of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction n≥3, determine the installation position of the roof pressure gauge, and determine the installation position of the bottom plate pressure gauge at a reasonable distance from the installation position of the roof pressure gauge in the horizontal direction on the bottom plate of the goaf; S2, fix the pressure gauge fixing plate to the surrounding rock through expansion bolts, and then fix the pressure gauge to the installed pressure gauge fixing plate. After the pressure gauge is fixed and installed, connect the wires of each pressure gauge to the cable wire bundle, and connect the cable wire bundle to the monitoring main unit to complete the installation of the monitoring system; S3, connect the filling slurry spraying device to each filling branch pipe and fix it on the roof surrounding rock of the goaf, so that the filling slurry spraying device is just located within the relatively high position of the roof surrounding rock in the vertical direction of the goaf that has been confirmed; connect each filling branch pipe to the filling main pipe through the filling slurry diversion mechanism to complete the installation and connection of the filling pipeline; S4, according to the filling slurry ratio requirements of the mine filling station, make appropriate filling slurry, pump it into the filling main pipe, and fill the goaf as a whole through the installed filling pipeline; S5, observe the real-time pressure value monitored by the bottom plate pressure gauge through the monitoring main unit. When the bottom plate pressure gauge reaches the preset pressure value, it indicates that the filling body of the goaf has reached the preset overall filling height; at this time, by adjusting the filling power device in the filling station, the pumping power of the filling slurry is increased, so that the filling system can fully fill the entire goaf, especially the highest point of the roof surrounding rock, to ensure that there is no gap between the filling body and the roof; when the pressure value monitored by the roof pressure gauge reaches the preset value, stop filling; S6. The installed pressure gauges can then monitor the bearing condition of the filling body in real time. The filling quality and filling effect of the entire filling body can be monitored in real time through the monitoring data.

2. A mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling station provides filling slurry for the entire filling process and can adjust the filling power during the filling process. One end of the filling main pipe is connected to the filling slurry tank of the filling station, and the other end is connected to the filling slurry diversion mechanism.

3. A mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the filling slurry diversion mechanism is connected to the filling main pipe, and the other end is connected to the filling branch pipes. The filling slurry diversion mechanism includes slurry diversion valves, and the number of the slurry diversion valves matches the number of the filling branch pipes. The filling slurry diversion mechanism can individually control the filling slurry supply amount of any one of the filling branch pipes through each diversion valve.

4. The mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of each filling branch pipe is connected to the filling main pipe through a filling slurry diversion mechanism, and the other end is connected to the filling slurry spraying device.

5. The mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pipeline connecting device includes a flange, a gasket and bolts; one end of the flange can be connected to the filling main pipe or each filling branch pipe, and the other end is connected to another flange by bolts; when the flange is connected to another flange, there is a layer of gasket between the flanges to ensure the airtightness of the connection, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the entire filling pipeline system.

6. A mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling pipe fixing device includes a plurality of fixing components, which are composed of "U"-shaped stirrups with openings at both ends and expansion bolts. The expansion bolts pass through the openings at both ends of the stirrups and are driven into the surrounding rock to fix the pipes on the surrounding rock top plate of the goaf.

7. The mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling slurry spraying device is connected to the filling branch pipes, and the spraying direction is vertically upward, spraying towards the roof of the goaf. The spraying center of the filling slurry spraying device is a relatively high position of the roof of each goaf in the vertical direction to ensure that the goaf is fully filled.

8. The mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure gauge fixing plate is a square thin steel plate with openings at the four top corners of the steel plate. Expansion bolts pass through the openings and are driven into the roof surrounding rock to fix the steel plate to the roof; the fixing position is a relatively high position of the roof in each vertical direction of the goaf; the internal area of ​​the thin steel plate is opened according to the size of the pressure box to fix the vibrating wire pressure gauge on the steel plate.

9. A mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating-wire pressure gauge is composed of a stress pressure sensing plate, a pressure box, a sensor and a wire. The pressure sensing plate is built into the pressure box. The pressure sensing plate senses pressure changes. The pressure box protects the pressure sensing plate and fixes the pressure gauge. The pressure sensing plate is connected to the sensor, and the sensor is connected to the wire bundle. The outer contour of the pressure box is circular, and four small steel plates extend from the outer edge of the circle. The steel plates have drilled holes, and the drilled holes are used with bolts to fix the pressure gauge on the pressure gauge fixing plate.

10. A mine room efficient filling and monitoring system and filling quality monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the cable conductor bundle is connected to the pressure gauge sensor, and the other end is connected to the monitoring unit; the pressure gauge wire and the cable conductor bundle, and the cable conductor bundle and the monitoring unit are all electrically connected.

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