Cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system and an operation method. The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system comprises a tower column support, a cloud rail, a heavy vehicle, an electrical subsystem and a control subsystem. The tower column support is arranged between the mountaintop storage area and the mountainbottom storage area, the cloud rail is installed on the top of the tower column support, the weight vehicle can run on the cloud rail, the electrical side of the weight vehicle is connected with the electrical subsystem, and the mechanical side of the weight vehicle is connected with the control subsystem. The method comprises an energy storage process and an energy release process. According to the mountain type gravity energy storage system, the mountain ecological environment is protected while the requirements for high capacity and high power are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of gravity energy storage, and in particular relates to a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing mountain gravity energy storage systems can be divided into track type and cable type according to the different heavy object lifting systems. The track type mountain gravity energy storage technology is represented by the technology of the American Advanced Rail Company (ARES), which uses a small vehicle weight block running on the rail to realize the conversion of gravitational potential energy and electrical energy; the track type gravity energy storage technology has a large load capacity, power and capacity, but has high requirements for the construction site. The mountain slope cannot change frequently. The slope range of the existing technical solution is 19~25°, which requires leveling the mountain slope along the way during construction, which destroys the mountain ecology on a large scale. The cable type gravity energy storage technology has no engineering application and is currently in the theoretical research stage. The cable type gravity energy storage technology only needs to set up tower columns along the way to support the cable. The cable drags the weight block up and down to complete energy storage and release, without the need for large-scale land leveling, but the cable has a small load capacity, which makes it difficult to expand the power and capacity of the cable type gravity energy storage system.

[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need to propose a new type of gravity energy storage system to solve the above problems, thereby accelerating the promotion and application of gravity energy storage. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system and an operation method, so that the mountain gravity energy storage system can protect the mountain ecological environment while meeting the requirements of large capacity and high power.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system, comprising a tower support, a cloud rail, a heavy object vehicle, an electrical subsystem and a control subsystem; The tower support is set between the storage area at the top of the mountain and the storage area at the bottom of the mountain. The cloud rail is installed on the top of the tower support. The heavy-duty vehicle can run on the cloud rail. The electrical side of the heavy-duty vehicle is connected to the electrical subsystem, and the mechanical side is connected to the control subsystem.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention is that different numbers of tower supports are set according to the distance between the storage area at the top of the mountain and the storage area at the bottom of the mountain. The distance between the tower supports is determined according to the design structural strength of the Cloud Rail, ensuring that the Cloud Rail between the two tower supports can safely and reliably support the weight of the heavy object vehicle and the Cloud Rail running thereon.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that the cloud track is formed by connecting the rails or reinforced concrete structures between every two tower column supports.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the angle of the cloud track with the horizontal direction is adjusted according to the slope of the mountain, and in the same set of cloud tracks, the angles of different parts are the same or different.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that a power transmission line of the electrical subsystem is installed on the cloud rail.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that a track structure that cooperates with the wheels of the heavy object vehicle is installed on the cloud track.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the heavy object vehicle comprises a heavy object block, wheels, a pantograph, a generator motor and auxiliary equipment. The heavy object block is an energy carrier for storing the gravitational potential energy of the energy storage system and is the main body of the heavy object vehicle. The wheels are installed at the bottom of the heavy object block, and the pantograph is installed at the top of the heavy object block. One end of the pantograph is connected to the electric generator, and the other end is connected to the power transmission line of the electrical subsystem. The auxiliary equipment is used to realize the power generation mode and the control of the speed of the electric generator; the pantograph transfers the electric energy from the electrical subsystem to the generator motor when storing energy, and transfers the electric energy from the electric generator to the electrical subsystem when releasing energy; the generator motor is an electric motor device designed as a generator and a motor. When storing energy, the generator motor is used to drive the heavy object vehicle to run to the storage area on the top of the mountain. When releasing energy, the heavy object vehicle slides from the storage area on the top of the mountain to the storage area at the bottom of the mountain under the action of gravitational potential energy, and is used to drive the generator motor to generate electricity.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the electrical subsystem includes a transformer, a four-quadrant converter, a power transmission line, a distribution device and electrical auxiliary equipment. The transformer is used to convert the voltage of the external power grid into a voltage suitable for the gravity energy storage system. The four-quadrant converter cooperates with the four-quadrant converter on the heavy object vehicle to realize the switching of the operating mode of the generator motor. The power transmission line transmits electrical energy between various devices. The electrical auxiliary equipment includes relays, circuit breakers and power meters to realize online monitoring and control of the electrical subsystem.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that both the mountain top storage area and the mountain bottom storage area are equipped with transfer and stacking mechanisms that assist the operation of heavy object vehicles, which are used to realize the stacking and storage of heavy object vehicles in the mountain top storage area and the mountain bottom storage area, and the control subsystem controls the acceleration and deceleration operation and stacking of the heavy object vehicles in the mountain top storage area and the mountain bottom storage area.

[0014] An operating method of a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system, comprising: Before energy storage begins, all the heavy-duty vehicles are located in the storage area at the bottom of the mountain. After energy storage begins, electrical energy is transmitted to the heavy-duty vehicles through the electrical subsystem, driving the heavy-duty vehicles to operate in electric mode. The heavy-duty vehicles start to operate and enter the Cloud Track one by one. When the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the top of the mountain through the Cloud Track, they stop running to realize the conversion of electrical energy into gravitational potential energy. When all the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the top of the mountain, the entire energy storage process ends. At this time, the storage capacity of the gravity energy storage power station is 100% of the rated capacity. Before the energy release begins, all the heavy-duty vehicles are located in the storage area at the top of the mountain. After the energy release begins, the electrical subsystem connects the heavy-duty vehicles, and the heavy-duty vehicles operate in generator mode under the use of gravitational potential energy. The generated electrical energy is transmitted to the electrical subsystem and finally connected to the power grid or electrical equipment. When the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the bottom of the mountain through the cloud track, they stop running to realize the conversion of gravitational potential energy into electrical energy. When all the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the bottom of the mountain, the entire energy release process ends. At this time, the storage energy of the gravity energy storage power station is 0%.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system and operation method provided by the present invention can solve the problems that the track type mountain gravity energy storage technology has high requirements for mountain slope, requires large-scale leveling of land and mountain slopes, is costly and damages the ecological environment. At the same time, compared with the cable type gravity energy storage technology, the system has significantly increased load capacity and increased energy storage capacity.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention provides a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system and operation method, which supports the gravity energy storage track through tower columns to make it a cloud rail. The distance between the tower column supports is determined according to the design structural strength of the cloud rail, which reduces the angle requirement of the traditional mountain gravity energy storage system (such as the ARES company's solution) for the entire mountain slope and reduces the amount of land leveling.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention provides a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system, which uses a cloud rail to replace the load-bearing cables in the cable-type gravity energy storage technology, greatly increasing the carrying capacity of the gravity energy storage system, which is beneficial to increasing the energy storage capacity and stored power of the gravity energy storage system.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention provides a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system, in which a weight vehicle is composed of a weight block, wheels, a pantograph, a generator motor and auxiliary equipment. Each weight vehicle is equipped with an independent electric generator, and the conversion of electric energy and gravitational potential energy is carried out on the weight vehicle. In the traditional mountain gravity energy storage system, the weight vehicle drives the electric generator at the top of the slope through a transmission chain. The long-distance transmission chain is more prone to failure, and all the weight vehicles on the same track form a mechanical coupling connection and cannot be adaptively adjusted. The technical solution provided by the present invention improves the flexibility, safety and reliability of the cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system.

[0019] Furthermore, the electrical subsystem includes a transformer, a four-quadrant converter, a power transmission line, a distribution device and electrical auxiliary equipment. The transformer is used to convert the voltage of the external power grid to a voltage suitable for the gravity energy storage system. The four-quadrant converter cooperates with the four-quadrant converter on the heavy object vehicle to realize the switching of the operating mode of the generator motor. The power transmission line transmits electrical energy between various devices. The electrical auxiliary equipment includes relays, circuit breakers, power meters, etc. to realize online monitoring and control of the electrical subsystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the heavy object vehicle of the present invention.

[0022] Description of reference numerals: 1-storage area at the bottom of the mountain, 2-weight vehicle, 3-cloud track, 4-storage area at the top of the mountain, 5-mountain, 6-tower support, 7-control subsystem, 8-electrical subsystem, 9-power grid, 21-weight block, 22-power receiving equipment, 23-wheels, 24-generator motor, 25-auxiliary equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0026] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0028] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0029] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0030] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, the present embodiment provides a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system, including a tower support 6, a cloud rail 3, a weight vehicle 2, a mountain top storage area 4, a mountain bottom storage area 1, an electrical subsystem 8 and a control subsystem 7.

[0033] Among them, the tower column support 6 is set on the mountain 5 between the mountain top storage area 4 and the mountain bottom storage area 1. The vertical drop between the mountain top storage area 4 and the mountain bottom storage area 1 is 400 meters. The tower column support 6 serves as the installation base of the cloud track 3 and supports the entire cloud track 3 and the heavy vehicle 2 running on it.

[0034] In this embodiment, the cloud rail 3 is installed on the top of the tower support 6, which is made of a reinforced concrete structure. The cloud rail 3 constitutes the operating channel of the heavy object vehicle 2; the heavy object vehicle 2 runs on the cloud rail 3, the electrical side is connected to the electrical subsystem 8, and the mechanical side is connected to the control subsystem 7.

[0035] In this embodiment, the tower support 6 is arranged between the mountain top storage area 4 and the mountain bottom storage area 1. According to the distance between the mountain top storage area 4 and the mountain bottom storage area 1, 30 tower support 6 are arranged. The horizontal distance between the tower support 6 is 15m, and the total length of the cloud track is about 600m. From the mountain bottom storage area to the mountain top storage area, the angle of the cloud track changes twice, from 39° to 25°, and from 25° to 39°.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cloud rail 3 can be connected by rails or reinforced concrete structures. The power transmission line of the electrical subsystem 8 is installed on the cloud rail 3, and the track structure that cooperates with the wheels of the heavy object vehicle 2 is installed on the cloud rail 3.

[0037] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the heavy object vehicle 2 is composed of a weight block 21, wheels 23, a power receiving device 22, a generator motor 24 and auxiliary equipment 25. In this embodiment, the weight block 21 is made of lead-zinc tailings sand material, which reduces the cost of gravity energy storage while absorbing lead-zinc tailings sand solid waste; the power receiving device 22 is a pantograph, which is connected to the power transmission line of the electrical subsystem 8; the generator motor 24 is a motor device designed with a generator and a motor in one. When storing energy, the generator motor 24 drives the heavy object vehicle 2 to move toward the mountain top storage area 4. When releasing energy, the heavy object vehicle 2 slides from the mountain top storage area 4 to the mountain bottom storage area 1 under the action of gravitational potential energy, driving the generator motor 24 to generate electricity.

[0038] In this embodiment, the electrical subsystem includes a transformer, a four-quadrant converter, a power transmission line, a distribution device and auxiliary equipment. The transformer converts the voltage of the external power grid to a voltage suitable for the gravity energy storage system. The four-quadrant converter cooperates with the four-quadrant converter on the heavy object vehicle 2 to realize the switching of the generator motor operation mode. The power transmission line transmits electrical energy between various devices. The auxiliary equipment includes relays, circuit breakers, power meters, etc. to realize online monitoring and control of the electrical subsystem.

[0039] Among them, the transformer is one of the core devices in the electrical subsystem, and its main function is to convert the voltage provided by the external power grid into the adaptation voltage required by the gravity energy storage system. Through the principle of electromagnetic induction, the transformer can change the voltage level of the alternating current without changing its frequency. In the gravity energy storage system, the transformer is usually used to convert the electric energy of the high-voltage power grid into low-voltage electric energy suitable for internal use in the system. The four-quadrant converter can flexibly adjust the size and direction of the input or output power by controlling the power electronic switching devices (such as IGBT, etc.) inside it. This enables the generator motor to operate efficiently under different working conditions (such as power generation or motoring). Power transmission lines usually have good conductivity and insulation properties to ensure the stable transmission of electric energy and the safe operation of the system. In addition, they also need to be able to withstand certain mechanical stress and environmental factors. The distribution device usually includes switchgear, fuses, contactors, relays and other components, which work together to realize the distribution and protection functions of electric energy. Auxiliary equipment includes relays, circuit breakers, power meters, etc. Relays and circuit breakers are used to realize automatic control and protection of circuits; measuring instruments such as power meters are used to monitor the power consumption and operating status of the system. These devices work together to ensure safe, stable and efficient operation of the electrical subsystem.

[0040] In this embodiment, the mountain top storage area 4 and the mountain bottom storage area 1 are both equipped with transfer and stacking mechanisms to assist the operation of the heavy object vehicle 2, so as to realize the stacking and storage of the heavy object vehicle 2 in the mountain top storage area 4 and the mountain bottom storage area 1, and the control system controls the acceleration, deceleration and stacking of the heavy object vehicle 2 in the mountain top storage area 4 and the mountain bottom storage area 1.

[0041] Example 2 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an operation method of a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system, comprising: Before energy storage begins, all the heavy-duty vehicles 2 are located in the storage area 1 at the bottom of the mountain. After energy storage begins, electrical energy is transmitted to the heavy-duty vehicles 2 through the electrical subsystem 8, driving the heavy-duty vehicles 2 to operate in electric mode. The heavy-duty vehicles 2 start to operate and enter the Cloud Track 3 one by one. When the heavy-duty vehicles 2 pass the Cloud Track 3 and reach the storage area 4 at the top of the mountain, they stop operating to realize the conversion of electrical energy into gravitational potential energy. When all the heavy-duty vehicles 2 reach the storage area 4 at the top of the mountain, the entire energy storage process ends. At this time, the storage energy of the gravity energy storage power station is 100% of the rated capacity. Energy release Before the start, all the heavy-duty vehicles 2 are located in the storage area 4 at the top of the mountain. After the energy release begins, the electrical subsystem 8 connects the heavy-duty vehicles 2. The heavy-duty vehicles 2 operate in generator mode under the use of gravitational potential energy, and the generated electrical energy is transmitted to the electrical subsystem 8 and finally connected to the power grid or electrical equipment. When the heavy-duty vehicles 2 pass through the cloud track 3 and reach the storage area 1 at the bottom of the mountain, they stop running to realize the conversion of gravitational potential energy into electrical energy. When all the heavy-duty vehicles 2 reach the storage area 1 at the bottom of the mountain, the entire energy release process ends. At this time, the storage capacity of the gravity energy storage power station is 0%.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, before the energy storage starts, all the heavy vehicle 2 is located in the storage area 1 at the bottom of the mountain. After the energy storage starts, the electric energy is transmitted to the heavy vehicle 2 through the electrical subsystem 8, driving the generator motor 24 on the heavy vehicle 2 to operate in the electric mode. The heavy vehicle 2 starts to run and enters the cloud track 3 one by one. When the heavy vehicle 2 passes through the cloud track 3 and reaches the storage area 4 at the top of the mountain, the generator motor 24 stops running, realizing the conversion of electric energy to gravitational potential energy. When all the heavy vehicles 2 reach the storage area 4 at the top of the mountain, the entire energy storage process ends. At this time, the storage capacity of the gravity energy storage power station is 100% of the rated capacity.

[0043] Before the energy release begins, all the heavy-duty vehicles 2 are located in the mountaintop storage area 4. After the energy release begins, the electrical subsystem 8 connects the heavy-duty vehicles 2. The heavy-duty vehicles 2 drive the generator motor 24 to operate in generator mode under the use of gravitational potential energy. The generated electric energy is transmitted to the electrical subsystem 8 through the power receiving device 22, and finally connected to the power grid or power-consuming equipment. When the heavy-duty vehicles 2 pass through the cloud track 3 and reach the mountain bottom storage area 1, the generator motor 24 stops running to realize the conversion of gravitational potential energy into electric energy. When all the heavy-duty vehicles 2 reach the mountain bottom storage area 1, the entire energy release process ends. At this time, the storage capacity of the gravity energy storage power station is 0%.

[0044] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0045] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system, characterized in that: Including tower support, cloud rail, heavy goods vehicle, electrical subsystem and control subsystem; The tower support is set between the storage area at the top of the mountain and the storage area at the bottom of the mountain. The cloud rail is installed on the top of the tower support. The heavy-duty vehicle can run on the cloud rail. The electrical side of the heavy-duty vehicle is connected to the electrical subsystem, and the mechanical side is connected to the control subsystem.

2. A cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Different numbers of tower supports are set up according to the distance between the storage area at the top of the mountain and the storage area at the bottom of the mountain. The distance between the tower supports is determined by the design structural strength of the SkyRail, ensuring that the SkyRail between the two tower supports can safely and reliably support the weight of the heavy vehicle and the SkyRail running on it.

3. The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The SkyRail is connected by rails or reinforced concrete structures between every two tower supports.

4. A cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between the CloudTrail and the horizontal direction is adjusted according to the slope of the mountain, and the angles of different parts in the same set of CloudTrail may be the same or different.

5. The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The power transmission lines of the electrical subsystem are installed on the CloudRail.

6. The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cloud track is equipped with a track structure that cooperates with the wheels of the heavy-duty vehicle.

7. The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy-duty vehicle comprises a heavy-duty block, wheels, a pantograph, a generator motor and auxiliary equipment. The heavy-duty block is an energy carrier for storing the gravitational potential energy of the energy storage system and is the main body of the heavy-duty vehicle. The wheels are installed at the bottom of the heavy-duty block and the pantograph is installed at the top of the heavy-duty block. One end of the pantograph is connected to the electric generator and the other end is connected to the power transmission line of the electrical subsystem. The auxiliary equipment is used to realize the power generation mode and the control of the speed of the electric generator. The pantograph transfers the electric energy from the electrical subsystem to the generator motor when storing energy and transfers the electric energy from the electric generator to the electrical subsystem when releasing energy. The generator motor is a motor device designed as a generator and a motor. When storing energy, the generator motor is used to drive the heavy-duty vehicle to move to the storage area on the top of the mountain. When releasing energy, the heavy-duty vehicle slides from the storage area on the top of the mountain to the storage area at the bottom of the mountain under the action of gravitational potential energy and is used to drive the generator motor to generate electricity.

8. The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical subsystem includes a transformer, a four-quadrant converter, a power transmission line, a distribution device and electrical auxiliary equipment. The transformer is used to convert the voltage of the external power grid to a voltage suitable for the gravity energy storage system. The four-quadrant converter cooperates with the four-quadrant converter on the heavy object vehicle to realize the switching of the operating mode of the generator motor. The power transmission line transmits electrical energy between various devices. The electrical auxiliary equipment includes relays, circuit breakers and power meters to realize online monitoring and control of the electrical subsystem.

9. The cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top storage area and the bottom storage area are both equipped with transfer and stacking mechanisms to assist the operation of heavy-weight vehicles, which are used to realize the stacking and storage of heavy-weight vehicles in the top storage area and the bottom storage area. The control subsystem controls the acceleration, deceleration and stacking of heavy-weight vehicles in the top storage area and the bottom storage area.

10. An operating method of a cloud rail type mountain gravity energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Before energy storage begins, all the heavy-duty vehicles are located in the storage area at the bottom of the mountain. After energy storage begins, electrical energy is transmitted to the heavy-duty vehicles through the electrical subsystem, driving the heavy-duty vehicles to operate in electric mode. The heavy-duty vehicles start to operate and enter the Cloud Track one by one. When the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the top of the mountain through the Cloud Track, they stop running to realize the conversion of electrical energy into gravitational potential energy. When all the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the top of the mountain, the entire energy storage process ends. At this time, the storage capacity of the gravity energy storage power station is 100% of the rated capacity. Before the energy release begins, all the heavy-duty vehicles are located in the storage area at the top of the mountain. After the energy release begins, the electrical subsystem connects the heavy-duty vehicles, and the heavy-duty vehicles operate in generator mode under the use of gravitational potential energy. The generated electrical energy is transmitted to the electrical subsystem and finally connected to the power grid or electrical equipment. When the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the bottom of the mountain through the cloud track, they stop running to realize the conversion of gravitational potential energy into electrical energy. When all the heavy-duty vehicles reach the storage area at the bottom of the mountain, the entire energy release process ends. At this time, the storage energy of the gravity energy storage power station is 0%.

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