Active shock absorber and shock absorption method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to an active shock absorber and a shock absorption method, and aims to solve the problem that an existing shock absorber is insufficient in shock absorption effect. The driving shock absorber comprises a shock absorption shell, a movable valve disc, a static valve disc, a turbine stator, a turbine rotor, a driving wheel and a driven wheel. A movable valve eccentric hole is formed in the movable valve disc, and a static valve eccentric hole is formed in the static valve disc; the movable valve disc rotates around the axis of the movable valve disc so that the flow area of the movable valve eccentric hole and the flow area of the static valve eccentric hole can change periodically. Mutually meshed teeth are arranged on the driving wheel and the driven wheel; drilling fluid flows through the movable valve eccentric hole and the static valve eccentric hole to drive the turbine rotor to rotate, then the turbine rotor drives the driving wheel to rotate, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate and generate vibration. Through the periodic change of the flow passing area of the movable valve eccentric hole and the static valve eccentric hole, the driving wheel is matched with the driven wheel to be meshed to generate vibration, and the vibration generated actively counteracts the vibration of the stratum, so that the damping effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, and in particular to an active shock absorber and a shock absorption method. Background Art

[0002] During drilling operations, the drill string delivers the drill bit to the bottom of the wellbore and transmits power to the drill bit. During the drilling process, when the force exerted by the drill bit on the rock is not enough to break the rock, the drill bit stops rotating due to the restriction of the rock, while the drill string continues to twist under the drive of the turntable; when the energy accumulated by the twisting of the drill string is enough to break the rock formation, the energy accumulated in the drill string is released instantly, so the drill bit will suddenly accelerate or decelerate when rotating, and the angular velocity of the drill bit is several times the speed of the surface turntable. This periodic stop and acceleration in a short period of time causes the internal stress of the rod to be released and accumulated cyclically, causing the drill string to move in an unstable state and generate torsional vibration of the drill string.

[0003] The periodic stop and accelerated rotation of the drill string will cause fatigue strength damage to the drill string itself. The vibration caused will quickly cause fatigue damage to the weak links in the massive lower drill string, thereby reducing drilling continuity and wellbore quality, increasing drilling time and the number of trips and drill holes, and reducing drilling efficiency.

[0004] Existing shock absorbers often perform longitudinal shock absorption. For example, the patent application with the announcement number CN114753780A discloses a bidirectional longitudinal shock absorber, which includes an upper joint, a center tube, an outer sleeve, an oil pipe adapter, a piston sleeve and a pin. The center tube is arranged between the upper joint and the oil pipe adapter; the outer sleeve is arranged outside the center tube; the center tube is also provided with a spring (12) 1, a piston sleeve and a spring (12) 2 in sequence from the upper joint to the oil pipe adapter; the spring (12) 1, the piston sleeve and the spring (12) 2 are all arranged between the center tube and the outer sleeve; the pin is arranged in the center tube and the piston sleeve. It can achieve bidirectional shock absorption and is not prone to jamming, which solves the technical problems of poor bidirectional shock absorption effect and easy jamming of the shock absorber. However, it can only perform longitudinal shock absorption, which is not enough to produce sufficient shock absorption effect and cannot fully offset the vibration during drilling. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an active shock absorber and a shock absorbing method to solve the problem that the shock absorbing effect of the existing shock absorber is insufficient.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0007] An active shock absorber comprises a shock absorbing shell and an input unit and an output unit installed in the shock absorbing shell; the input unit comprises a moving valve disc and a static valve disc, and the output unit comprises a turbine stator, a turbine rotor, a driving wheel and a driven wheel; the moving valve disc is provided with a moving valve eccentric hole, and the static valve disc is provided with a static valve eccentric hole; the moving valve disc rotates around its own axis to make the flow areas of the moving valve eccentric hole and the static valve eccentric hole change periodically; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are provided with teeth meshing with each other; the drilling fluid flows through the moving valve eccentric hole and the static valve eccentric hole to drive the turbine rotor to rotate, and then the turbine rotor drives the driving wheel to rotate, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate and generate vibration.

[0008] Furthermore, the input unit also includes a movable valve joint, which is rotatably mounted on the shock-absorbing housing, and the movable valve disc is inserted into the movable valve joint and connected to the movable valve joint; a connecting hole is opened on the side wall of the movable valve joint, and the connecting hole is connected to the eccentric hole of the movable valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the input unit also includes a static valve joint, which is mounted on the shock-absorbing housing, and the static valve disc is inserted into the static valve joint and rotatably connected to the static valve joint.

[0010] Furthermore, the input unit also includes a dynamic valve driving motor and a static valve driving motor; the dynamic valve driving motor is installed on the shock-absorbing housing, and is used to drive the dynamic valve joint to rotate to drive the dynamic valve disc to rotate; the static valve driving motor is installed on the shock-absorbing housing, and is used to drive the static valve disc to rotate.

[0011] Furthermore, the output unit also includes a spindle, one end of which is inserted into and connected to the turbine rotor, and the other end of which is connected to the driving wheel to drive the driving wheel to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, the output unit also includes a spring, which is sleeved on the spindle, one end of which is connected to the spindle, and the other end of which abuts against the driving wheel for applying thrust to the driving wheel; the driving wheel is sleeved on the spindle and slidably connected to the spindle.

[0013] Furthermore, the active shock absorber also includes an intelligent shell and a vibration sensor, the intelligent shell is connected to the shock absorbing shell, and the vibration sensor is installed on the intelligent shell to detect the vibration of the drill string.

[0014] Furthermore, the active shock absorber also includes a shock-absorbing upper joint and a shock-absorbing lower joint; one end of the shock-absorbing upper joint is connected to the end of the smart shell away from the shock-absorbing shell, and the other end is connected to the upper drill string; one end of the shock-absorbing lower joint is connected to the end of the shock-absorbing shell away from the smart shell, and the other end is connected to the lower drill string.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides an active shock absorption method, using the above-mentioned active shock absorber, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The movable valve is driven to rotate around its own axis so that the flow areas of the eccentric holes of the movable valve and the eccentric holes of the static valve change periodically, thereby causing the pressure of the drilling fluid that drives the turbine rotor to rotate to change periodically, and then the turbine rotor drives the driving wheel and the driven wheel to rotate to generate vibration.

[0017] Furthermore, the static valve disc rotates around its own axis to rotate the eccentric hole of the static valve, so as to change the frequency of the periodic change of the flow area of ​​the eccentric hole of the moving valve and the eccentric hole of the static valve.

[0018] Based on the above technical solutions, the technical effects that can be achieved by the present invention are:

[0019] The active shock absorber provided by the present invention comprises a shock absorbing shell and an input unit and an output unit installed in the shock absorbing shell; the input unit comprises a moving valve disc and a static valve disc, and the output unit comprises a turbine stator, a turbine rotor, a driving wheel and a driven wheel; the moving valve disc is provided with a moving valve eccentric hole, and the static valve disc is provided with a static valve eccentric hole; the moving valve disc rotates around its own axis to make the flow areas of the moving valve eccentric hole and the static valve eccentric hole change periodically; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are provided with teeth meshing with each other; the drilling fluid flows through the moving valve eccentric hole and the static valve eccentric hole to drive the turbine rotor to rotate, and then the turbine rotor drives the driving wheel to rotate, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate and generate vibration.

[0020] The active shock absorber provided by the present invention is provided with a moving valve disc and a stationary valve disc with an eccentric hole. When the moving valve disc rotates around its own axis, the axis trajectory of the eccentric hole is circular. At this time, the flow areas of the two eccentric holes change periodically, and then the pressure of the drilling fluid changes periodically accordingly. After the drilling fluid drives the turbine rotor to drive the driving wheel to rotate, the driving wheel meshes with the driven wheel and generates vibration. The actively generated vibration is offset by the formation vibration, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the drilling speed in soft formations and protecting the drill bit in hard formations, thereby solving the problems of poor adaptability and insufficient shock absorption effect of existing shock absorbers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an active shock absorber provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the shock absorbing short section;

[0024] Figure 3It is a structural diagram of the intelligent short section;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a movable valve joint;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the static valve disc;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a static valve joint;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbine;

[0029] Figure 8 is another structural schematic diagram of a turbine;

[0030] Fig. 9 is another structural schematic diagram of a turbine;

[0031] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator blade;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving wheel and the driven wheel;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving wheel;

[0034] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of vibration waveform cancellation.

[0035] Icons: 100- shock-absorbing housing; 400- intelligent housing; 500- vibration sensor; 600- shock-absorbing upper joint; 700- shock-absorbing lower joint; 210- moving valve disc; 220- static valve disc; 230- moving valve joint; 240- static valve joint; 250- moving valve drive motor; 260- static valve drive motor; 211- moving valve eccentric hole; 221- static valve eccentric hole; 231- connecting hole; 310- turbine stator; 320- turbine rotor; 330- driving wheel; 340- driven wheel; 350- spindle; 360- spring; 370- deep groove ball bearing; 311- stator outer ring; 312- stator inner ring; 313- stator blades; 321- rotor outer ring; 322- rotor inner ring; 323- rotor blades. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0039] Longitudinal vibration, lateral vibration and torsional vibration will occur during drilling operations, leading to fatigue damage. Existing shock absorbers can only passively absorb shock, which is not enough to produce sufficient shock absorption effect.

[0040] In view of this, the present invention provides an active shock absorber provided by the present invention, including a shock absorbing housing 100, and an input unit and an output unit installed in the shock absorbing housing 100; the input unit includes a movable valve disc 210 and a static valve disc 220, and the output unit includes a turbine stator 310, a turbine rotor 320, a driving wheel 330 and a driven wheel 340; the movable valve disc 210 is provided with a movable valve eccentric hole 211, and the static valve disc 220 is provided with a static valve eccentric hole 221; the movable valve disc 210 rotates around its own axis to make the flow areas of the movable valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 change periodically; the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 are provided with teeth meshing with each other; the drilling fluid flows through the movable valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 to drive the turbine rotor 320 to rotate, and then the turbine rotor 320 drives the driving wheel 330 to rotate, and the driving wheel 330 drives the driven wheel 340 to rotate and generate vibration.

[0041] The active shock absorber provided by the present invention is provided with a movable valve disc 210 and a static valve disc 220 with an eccentric hole. When the movable valve disc 210 rotates around its own axis, the axis trajectory of the eccentric hole is circular. At this time, the flow area of ​​the two eccentric holes changes periodically, and then the pressure of the drilling fluid changes periodically accordingly. After the drilling fluid drives the turbine rotor 320 to drive the driving wheel 330 to rotate, the driving wheel 330 meshes with the driven wheel 340 and generates vibration. The actively generated vibration is offset by the formation vibration, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the drilling speed in soft formations and protecting the drill bit in hard formations, thereby solving the problems of poor adaptability and insufficient shock absorption effect of existing shock absorbers.

[0042] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 13 The structure and shape of the active shock absorber provided in this embodiment are described in detail:

[0043] In this embodiment, the active shock absorber includes a shock absorbing short joint, an intelligent short joint, a shock absorbing upper joint 600 and a shock absorbing lower joint 700, which are connected in sequence. The shock absorbing upper joint 600 is connected to the upper end drill string, and the shock absorbing lower joint 700 is connected to the lower end drill string to transmit torque.

[0044] In this embodiment, the shock absorbing sub includes a shock absorbing housing 100, an input unit and an output unit, wherein the input unit includes a movable valve disc 210, a static valve disc 220, a movable valve connector 230, a static valve connector 240, a movable valve driving motor 250 and a static valve driving motor 260. Figure 1 , Figure 2 The upper end of the shock-absorbing housing 100 is connected to the intelligent short joint, and the lower end is connected to the shock-absorbing lower joint 700. The movable valve joint 230 is rotatably mounted on the shock-absorbing housing 100. The movable valve disc 210 is inserted into the movable valve joint 230 and connected to the movable valve joint 230. The static valve joint 240 is installed on the shock-absorbing housing 100. The static valve disc 220 is inserted into the static valve joint 240 and rotatably connected to the static valve joint 240. The movable valve driving motor 250 is installed on the shock-absorbing housing 100, and is used to drive the movable valve joint 230 to rotate so as to drive the movable valve disc 210 to rotate around its own axis. The static valve driving motor 260 is installed on the shock-absorbing housing 100, and is used to drive the static valve disc 220 to rotate around its own axis.

[0045] Specifically, the movable valve joint 230 is provided with teeth, and the movable valve driving motor 250 is provided with gears to drive the movable valve joint 230 to rotate through the gears. Similarly, the static valve disc 220 is provided with teeth, and the static valve driving motor 260 is provided with gears to drive the static valve disc 220 to rotate through the gears.

[0046] Furthermore, the side wall of the movable valve joint 230 is provided with connecting holes 231 evenly distributed around its own axis, the movable valve disc 210 is provided with a movable valve eccentric hole 211, and the static valve disc 220 is provided with a static valve eccentric hole 221. The connecting holes 231, the movable valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 are connected in sequence. When the movable valve disc 210 rotates around its own axis, the movement trajectory of the axis of the movable valve eccentric hole 211 is circular; when the static valve disc 220 rotates around its own axis, the movement trajectory of the axis of the static valve eccentric hole 221 is circular. The rotation of the movable valve disc 210 can cause the flow areas of the movable valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 to change periodically.

[0047] In this embodiment, the output unit includes a turbine stator 310, a turbine rotor 320, a driving wheel 330, a driven wheel 340, a spindle 350, a spring 360 and a deep groove ball bearing 370. Specifically, the turbine stator 310 and the turbine rotor 320 form a turbine, and a plurality of turbines are arranged along the axis of the shock absorbing housing 100. The spindle 350 is inserted into the turbine rotor 320 and connected to the turbine rotor 320. The turbine stator 310 is inserted into the shock absorbing housing 100 and has an interference fit with the shock absorbing housing 100. The driving wheel 330 is sleeved on the spindle 350 and is slidably connected to the spindle 350. The spindle 350 rotates around its own axis to drive the driving wheel 330 to rotate; the deep groove ball bearing 370 is installed on the shock absorbing housing 100, and the driven wheel 340 is inserted into the deep groove ball bearing 370. Fig.11 , 12 As shown, the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 are provided with triangular teeth at one end close to each other, and the two are meshed with each other. Further, a damping mechanism can be provided to increase the rotation resistance of the driven wheel 340, such as a friction plate. The spring 360 is sleeved on the spindle 350, one end of which abuts on the spindle 350, and the other end abuts on the driving wheel 330, so as to increase the pressure between the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340, that is, the spring 360 is a compression spring. In addition, an adjustment mechanism can be provided to adjust the elastic force of the spring 360, and the adjustment mechanism includes a top plate and a telescopic rod. At this time, one end of the spring 360 abuts on the driving wheel 330, and the other end abuts on the top plate. The top plate is sleeved on the spindle 350 and installed on the telescopic rod. The telescopic rod is installed on the spindle 350, and the elastic force of the spring 360 is adjusted by the telescopic movement of the telescopic rod.

[0048] In this embodiment, the turbine stator 310 includes a stator inner ring 312, a stator outer ring 311 and stator blades 313. The stator outer ring 311 is arranged outside the stator inner ring 312, and the stator blades 313 are evenly distributed in an annular manner between the stator outer ring 311 and the stator inner ring 312; the stator outer ring 311 is slightly longer than the stator inner ring 312, and the stator outer ring 311 is installed on the shock absorbing housing 100. The turbine rotor 320 includes a rotor inner ring 322, a rotor outer ring 321 and rotor blades 323. The rotor outer ring 321 is arranged outside the rotor inner ring 322, and the rotor blades 323 are evenly distributed in an annular manner between the rotor outer ring 321 and the rotor inner ring 322; the rotor inner ring 322 is slightly longer than the rotor outer ring 321, and the rotor outer ring 321 is arranged inside the stator outer ring 311, and the rotor inner ring 322 is connected to the central axis 350. The stator blades 313 and the rotor blades 323 have the same structure, such as Fig.10 shown.

[0049] In this embodiment, the smart sub includes a smart housing 400, a vibration sensor 500, a signal processing unit and a signal transmitting unit. The lower end of the smart housing 400 is threadedly connected to the shock-absorbing housing 100, and the upper end is threadedly connected to the upper shock-absorbing joint, so as to transmit torque. Four evenly distributed vibration sensors 500 are arranged on the inner wall of the smart housing 400 to detect the vibration of the drill string during operation, and the amplitude, frequency and phase of the vibration of the drill string can be obtained. The received vibration waveform is as follows: Fig.13 The signal processing unit processes the signal of the vibration sensor 500 and transmits the calculated instruction to the moving valve driving motor 250 and the static valve driving motor 260 through the signal transmitting unit.

[0050] The working process of the active shock absorber provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0051] When the drill string vibrates, the vibration sensor 500 on the smart sub collects the vibration signal and transmits the signal to the signal processing unit. The signal processing unit calculates the vibration required to offset the vibration according to the frequency and amplitude of the drill string vibration, and transmits the calculated instructions to the dynamic valve drive motor 250 and the static valve drive motor 260 through the signal transmission unit, thereby controlling the motor rotation to generate corresponding vibration. Fig.13 As shown, the dotted waveform is the received vibration waveform, and the solid waveform is the cancellation waveform.

[0052] The moving valve driving motor 250 drives the moving valve joint 230 to rotate according to the instruction, and the moving valve joint 230 drives the moving valve disc 210 to rotate. The shape swept by the moving valve eccentric hole 211 is annular. At this time, the overlapping area of ​​the moving valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 changes, so that the flow rate of drilling fluid flowing through the moving valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 changes. The drilling fluid enters the moving valve eccentric hole 211 through the connecting hole 231 from the annular space of the shock-absorbing housing 100 and the moving valve joint 230, then flows through the static valve eccentric hole 221 and the static valve joint 240, and finally flows out from the static valve joint 240 and reaches the turbine to impact the rotor blades 323 and the stator blades 313, thereby driving the turbine rotor 320 to rotate, realizing the conversion of the kinetic energy of the high-speed flowing drilling fluid into the kinetic energy of the turbine rotor 320, and then the turbine rotor 320 drives the spindle 350 to rotate, and in turn drives the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 to rotate. Due to the different flow rates of the drilling fluid, its pressure changes accordingly, which will change the rotation speed of the turbine rotor 320. The teeth on the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 mesh and produce periodic vibrations as the rotation speed changes to form a counteracting waveform, thereby offsetting the harmful vibrations generated by the drill string during operation and avoiding damage to the drill string.

[0053] By controlling the rotation of the moving valve drive motor 250, the vibration frequency can be adjusted to adapt to the vibration waveform. By controlling the static valve drive motor 260 to make the static valve disc 220 and the moving valve disc 210 rotate in the same direction or in the opposite direction, more vibration frequencies can be achieved, thereby improving the ability to offset vibration. By controlling the opening and closing time of the moving valve disc 210 and the static valve disc 220, the time when vibration occurs can be controlled, and then the vibration phase can be adjusted to offset. When the moving valve disc 210 and the static valve disc 220 are controlled to rotate in opposite directions, the moving valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 can be misaligned to prevent the drilling fluid from passing through. By controlling the compression amount of the spring 360, the meshing force of the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 can be actively controlled, thereby adjusting the amplitude of the vibration. That is, the vibration frequency, amplitude and phase are changed according to the formation conditions, so that the actively generated vibration and the formation vibration are offset, thereby improving the drilling speed in soft formations and protecting the drill bit in hard formations, solving the problem that the existing shock absorber has poor adaptability and cannot actively reduce shock, resulting in the inability to improve drilling efficiency in soft formations and the inability to protect the drill bit in hard formations. Specifically, high-frequency vibration is used for rapid drilling in soft formations, and low-frequency vibration is used to protect the drill bit in hard formations.

[0054] There are z teeth on the driving wheel 330. If the frequency to be generated is f, the rotation speed of the driving wheel 330 should be n=60f / z.

[0055]

[0056] Where: Q 额 —Rated displacement, m 3 / s;

[0057] η v —Volumetric efficiency, which can be taken as 0.9;

[0058] D—calculated average diameter, m;

[0059] n—speed, r / min;

[0060] B—channel width, m;

[0061] φ—leaf sedge crowding coefficient, which can be taken as 0.9;

[0062] —Axial velocity coefficient.

[0063] According to the above calculation formula, the liquid flow through the static valve disc 220 can be controlled according to the required speed of the turbine rotor 320; the rotation angle of the dynamic valve disc 210 can be controlled by the dynamic valve driving motor 250 to control the speed of the driving wheel 330, thereby controlling the vibration frequency generated by the meshing of the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340. By controlling the deformation of the spring 360, the meshing force of the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 can be controlled, thereby controlling the amplitude of the vibration. The amplitude generated by the active shock absorber provided in this embodiment E is the potential energy generated by the deformation of the spring 360, and K is the stiffness coefficient of the spring 360. The vibration generation time can be adjusted by changing the opening and closing states of the movable valve disc 210 and the static valve disc 220.

[0064] The active shock absorber provided in this embodiment drives the moving valve joint 230 to rotate through the motor, so that the flow area of ​​the moving valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 changes periodically, thereby changing the drilling fluid pressure, thereby driving the turbine rotor 320 to rotate through the changing drilling fluid pressure, so that the driving wheel 330 meshes with the driven wheel 340 to generate vibration. The static valve can further actively control the flow area of ​​the drilling fluid, and then the vibration frequency can be changed according to the formation conditions, so that the vibration frequency is adapted to the formation, so that the vibration frequency can be increased in soft formations for rapid drilling, and the vibration frequency can be reduced in hard formations to protect the drill bit, effectively reducing fatigue damage caused by longitudinal vibration, lateral vibration and torsional vibration, and solving the problem that the existing shock absorber can only passively reduce shock, and cannot actively identify the vibration type for shock reduction, resulting in insufficient shock reduction effect.

[0065] Based on the active shock absorber provided in this embodiment, an active shock absorption method is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0066] The movable valve disc 210 is driven to rotate around its own axis so that the flow areas of the movable valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 change periodically, thereby causing the pressure of the drilling fluid driving the turbine rotor 320 to change periodically, and then the turbine rotor 320 drives the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 to rotate to generate vibration.

[0067] Furthermore, the static valve disc 220 rotates around its own axis to rotate the static valve eccentric hole 221 , so as to change the frequency of the periodic change of the flow area of ​​the dynamic valve eccentric hole 211 and the static valve eccentric hole 221 .

[0068] In addition, the compression length of the spring 360 is changed to change the meshing force of the driving wheel 330 and the driven wheel 340 to change the amplitude of the vibration; the angles of the movable valve disc 210 and the static valve disc 220 are adjusted to misalign the eccentric hole 211 of the movable valve and the eccentric hole 221 of the static valve, thereby blocking the flow of drilling fluid and achieving stopping of vibration or changing the phase of vibration.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active shock absorber, characterized in that: It comprises a shock-absorbing housing (100) and an input unit and an output unit installed in the shock-absorbing housing (100); The input unit includes a movable valve disc (210) and a stationary valve disc (220), and the output unit includes a turbine stator (310), a turbine rotor (320), a driving wheel (330) and a driven wheel (340); The movable valve disc (210) is provided with a movable valve eccentric hole (211), and the static valve disc (220) is provided with a static valve eccentric hole (221); The movable valve disc (210) rotates around its own axis so that the flow areas of the movable valve eccentric hole (211) and the static valve eccentric hole (221) change periodically; The driving wheel (330) and the driven wheel (340) are provided with teeth that mesh with each other; The drilling fluid flows through the movable valve eccentric hole (211) and the static valve eccentric hole (221) to drive the turbine rotor (320) to rotate, and then the turbine rotor (320) drives the driving wheel (330) to rotate, and the driving wheel (330) drives the driven wheel (340) to rotate and generate vibration.

2. The active shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input unit further comprises a movable valve joint (230), wherein the movable valve joint (230) is rotatably mounted on the shock-absorbing housing (100), and the movable valve disc (210) is inserted into the movable valve joint (230) and connected to the movable valve joint (230); A communicating hole (231) is formed on the side wall of the movable valve joint (230), and the communicating hole (231) is communicated with the movable valve eccentric hole (211).

3. The active shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input unit further comprises a static valve joint (240), wherein the static valve joint (240) is mounted on the shock absorbing housing (100), and the static valve disc (220) is inserted into the static valve joint (240) and is rotatably connected to the static valve joint (240).

4. The active shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The input unit further includes a moving valve driving motor (250) and a stationary valve driving motor (260); The movable valve driving motor (250) is installed on the shock absorbing housing (100) and is used to drive the movable valve joint (230) to rotate so as to drive the movable valve disc (210) to rotate; The static valve driving motor (260) is mounted on the shock absorbing housing (100) and is used to drive the static valve disc (220) to rotate.

5. The active shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output unit further comprises a spindle (350), one end of which is inserted into the turbine rotor (320) and connected to the turbine rotor (320), and the other end of which is connected to the driving wheel (330) to drive the driving wheel (330) to rotate.

6. The active shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output unit further comprises a spring (360), wherein the spring (360) is sleeved on the spindle (350), one end of the spring is connected to the spindle (350), and the other end abuts against the driving wheel (330), and is used to apply thrust to the driving wheel (330); The driving wheel (330) is sleeved on the spindle (350) and is slidably connected to the spindle (350).

7. The active shock absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a smart shell (400) and a vibration sensor (500), wherein the smart shell (400) is connected to the shock-absorbing shell (100), and the vibration sensor (500) is installed on the smart shell (400) to detect the vibration of the drill string.

8. The active shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a shock-absorbing upper joint (600) and a shock-absorbing lower joint (700); One end of the shock-absorbing upper joint (600) is connected to an end of the smart housing (400) away from the shock-absorbing housing (100), and the other end is connected to an upper drill string; One end of the shock-absorbing lower joint (700) is connected to an end of the shock-absorbing housing (100) away from the smart housing (400), and the other end is connected to a lower drill string.

9. An active shock absorption method, using the active shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The movable valve disc (210) is driven to rotate around its own axis, so that the flow areas of the movable valve eccentric hole (211) and the static valve eccentric hole (221) are periodically changed, thereby causing the pressure of the drilling fluid that drives the turbine rotor (320) to rotate to change periodically, and then the turbine rotor (320) drives the driving wheel (330) and the driven wheel (340) to rotate to generate vibration.

10. The active vibration reduction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The static valve disc (220) rotates around its own axis to rotate the static valve eccentric hole (221), so as to change the frequency of periodic changes in the flow areas of the dynamic valve eccentric hole (211) and the static valve eccentric hole (221).

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