Ground surface settlement monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ground surface settlement monitoring, and particularly relates to a ground surface settlement monitoring system and method.The ground surface settlement monitoring system comprises a monitoring unit, a data acquisition and transmission unit, a data processing and analysis unit, an early warning and decision support unit and a user interface and visualization unit; according to the method, abnormal phenomena of settlement changes can be found in time, potential risks can be early warned, differential settlement and other abnormities can be recognized in time through settlement monitoring, long-term safety of the structure is ensured, the safety of the structure is improved, meanwhile, reliable data support can be provided, and engineers can be helped to design reasonable structures and infrastructures. In the construction process, monitoring data can help to adjust a construction scheme, and differential settlement caused by geological reasons or improper construction is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surface subsidence monitoring, and in particular to a surface subsidence monitoring system and method. Background Art

[0002] Surface settlement monitoring is an important part of tunnel construction. During tunnel construction and later operation, ground settlement should be monitored at a certain period. The data obtained from the monitoring should be calculated and processed to finally obtain the surface settlement amount. The engineering construction should be guided and processed according to the surface settlement amount.

[0003] Existing conventional surface settlement monitoring methods include settlement plate method, settlement cup method, iron ring layered settlement meter method, etc. The monitoring points of the above monitoring methods are relatively single (such as settlement cup method and settlement plate method, which are mostly suitable for measuring vertical settlement, and are not applicable to horizontal displacement or other types of deformation). For example, the iron ring layered settlement meter method is manual monitoring, and the monitoring efficiency is low. At the same time, the test accuracy is greatly affected by human factors, and real-time monitoring cannot be performed, resulting in the failure to timely discover abnormal phenomena of settlement changes. In addition, it is impossible to meet the requirements of real-time and efficient surface settlement monitoring. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a surface settlement monitoring system and method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface settlement monitoring system and method, which can timely identify uneven settlement and other anomalies through settlement monitoring, ensure the long-term safety of the structure, improve the structural safety, and at the same time, provide reliable data support to help engineers design reasonable structures and infrastructure. During the construction process, the monitoring data can help adjust the construction plan to avoid uneven settlement caused by geological reasons or improper construction.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A surface subsidence monitoring system and method, comprising:

[0008] Data processing and analysis unit, including data processing module and data modeling module;

[0009] The monitoring unit is connected to the data processing and analysis unit and includes a sensor module, a settlement monitoring point module and an automatic monitoring module:

[0010] A data acquisition and transmission unit, connected to the data processing and analysis unit, includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a sensor calibration module;

[0011] An early warning and decision support unit, connected to the data processing and analysis unit, includes an early warning model module and a decision support module;

[0012] The user interface and visualization unit is connected with the data processing and analysis unit, and includes a data display module and a report generation module.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the surface subsidence monitoring system and method described in the present invention, wherein: the sensor module includes a level, a total station, a global navigation satellite system receiver, and an inclinometer;

[0014] The settlement monitoring point module is used to deploy multiple monitoring points in the area to be monitored to collect settlement data;

[0015] The automated monitoring module is used to perform real-time data collection and transmit data to the monitoring center.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the surface subsidence monitoring system and method described in the present invention, the data acquisition module is used to obtain surface subsidence data regularly or in real time through various sensors installed on the ground, such as a level, a laser radar, and an inclinometer;

[0017] The data transmission module is used to transmit the collected monitoring data to the central data processing center using wireless communication technology;

[0018] The sensor calibration module is used to perform regular sensor calibration to ensure data accuracy and perform necessary maintenance on the equipment.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the surface subsidence monitoring system and method described in the present invention, the data processing module is used to clean, correct and process the collected raw data to eliminate possible errors and noises;

[0020] The data management module is used to store monitoring data using a database system for long-term archiving and query;

[0021] The data modeling module is used to analyze and model the settlement data using statistics, machine learning, and geographic information system tools to identify settlement change trends.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the surface subsidence monitoring system and method described in the present invention, the early warning model module is used to establish a threshold of subsidence change based on real-time or historical data, and trigger an early warning mechanism when the threshold is exceeded:

[0023] The decision support module is used to provide visual reports based on the analysis results to assist decision makers in making scientific decisions and taking timely measures.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the surface subsidence monitoring system and method described in the present invention, the data display module is used to display the subsidence monitoring results through a visual interface, which is convenient for real-time viewing and analysis;

[0025] The report generation module is used to execute the system to automatically generate monitoring reports and provide them to relevant personnel for review and decision-making.

[0026] A method for implementing surface subsidence monitoring using the above surface subsidence monitoring system comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1. Selection of monitoring areas: determine the scope of monitoring areas, and consider areas that require key monitoring, such as settlement-sensitive areas, densely populated areas, and construction areas;

[0028] S2. Layout of monitoring points: Based on the monitoring objectives and technical means, monitoring points are laid out, and leveling points, GPS receivers, sensors, and geological radar equipment are set up to ensure that important locations are covered and settlement can be effectively detected;

[0029] S3. Initial data collection. Before regular monitoring, preliminary baseline data collection is required to establish basic data on settlement and verify accuracy. The data will serve as a comparison standard for subsequent monitoring.

[0030] S4. Monitoring implementation, conduct regular or real-time monitoring operations. Obtain settlement data regularly or dynamically through leveling, GPS measurement, and radar imaging methods, and pay attention to the data collection frequency, time interval, and instrument calibration details during the monitoring process;

[0031] S5. Data processing and analysis. The collected data needs to be processed and analyzed to determine the trend, extent, and speed of subsidence, including data filtering, interpolation, trend analysis, and comprehensive evaluation combined with environmental factors.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. Ensure the safety of buildings and infrastructure:

[0034] Disaster prevention: By real-time monitoring of surface subsidence, abnormal phenomena of subsidence changes can be discovered in time, and potential risks can be warned early;

[0035] Improve structural safety: Settlement of buildings, underground pipelines and other infrastructure can affect the stability of their structures. Settlement monitoring can promptly identify uneven settlement and other anomalies to ensure the long-term safety of the structure.

[0036] 2. Provide accurate data to support decision-making:

[0037] Support engineering design and construction: Subsidence monitoring can provide reliable data support to help engineers design reasonable structures and infrastructure. During the construction process, monitoring data can help adjust the construction plan to avoid uneven settlement caused by geological reasons or improper construction;

[0038] Scientific decision-making: Governments and enterprises can make scientific decisions on urban planning, construction and renovation based on monitoring data to prevent potential safety hazards caused by surface subsidence;

[0039] 3. Improve disaster prevention and emergency response capabilities:

[0040] Real-time early warning: Through high-frequency settlement monitoring, it is possible to detect small settlement changes and predict settlement trends. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold, the system will automatically issue an early warning to prompt relevant departments to take emergency measures in time to avoid major accidents.

[0041] Timely response: After natural disasters such as earthquakes, mudslides, and groundwater level changes, the settlement monitoring system can obtain ground change data in real time to help determine the scope and extent of the disaster, thereby effectively guiding emergency response.

[0042] 4. By combining distributed fiber optic sensing technology, Internet of Things technology and cloud computing technology, a new surface subsidence monitoring system has been constructed. It can be deployed in a wide area to achieve large-scale, high-density subsidence monitoring and can promptly detect abnormal phenomena of subsidence changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system module block diagram of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a step diagram of the surface subsidence monitoring method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0049] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The present invention provides a surface settlement monitoring system and method. Through settlement monitoring, uneven settlement and other anomalies can be identified in time to ensure the long-term safety of the structure and improve the structural safety. At the same time, it can provide reliable data support to help engineers design reasonable structures and infrastructure. During the construction process, the monitoring data can help adjust the construction plan to avoid uneven settlement caused by geological reasons or improper construction. Please refer to Figure 1-2 ,include:

[0051] Monitoring unit, including sensor module, settlement monitoring point module and automatic monitoring module:

[0052] A data acquisition and transmission unit, including a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a sensor calibration module;

[0053] Data processing and analysis unit, including data processing module and data modeling module;

[0054] Early warning and decision support unit, including early warning model module and decision support module;

[0055] User interface and visualization unit, including data display module and report generation module.

[0056] The sensor modules include level, total station, GNSS receiver, inclinometer;

[0057] The settlement monitoring point module is used to deploy multiple monitoring points in the area to be monitored to collect settlement data;

[0058] The automated monitoring module is used to perform real-time acquisition and transmit data to the monitoring center;

[0059] The data acquisition module is used to obtain surface settlement data periodically or in real time through various sensors installed on the ground, such as level, laser radar, and inclinometer;

[0060] The data transmission module is used to transmit the collected monitoring data to the central data processing center using wireless communication technology;

[0061] The sensor calibration module is used to perform regular sensor calibration to ensure data accuracy and perform necessary maintenance on the equipment;

[0062] The data processing module is used to clean, correct and process the collected raw data to eliminate possible errors and noise;

[0063] The data management module is used to store monitoring data using a database system for long-term archiving and query;

[0064] The data modeling module is used to analyze and model the settlement data using statistics, machine learning, and geographic information system tools to identify settlement change trends.

[0065] The early warning model module is used to establish a threshold for settlement changes based on real-time or historical data, and trigger an early warning mechanism when the threshold is exceeded:

[0066] The decision support module is used to provide visual reports based on the analysis results to assist decision makers in making scientific decisions and taking timely measures.

[0067] The data display module is used to display the settlement monitoring results through a visual interface, which is convenient for real-time viewing and analysis;

[0068] The report generation module is used to execute the system to automatically generate monitoring reports and provide them to relevant personnel for review and decision-making.

[0069] A method for monitoring ground subsidence, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1. Selection of monitoring areas: determine the scope of monitoring areas, and consider areas that require key monitoring, such as settlement-sensitive areas, densely populated areas, and construction areas;

[0071] S2. Layout of monitoring points: Based on the monitoring objectives and technical means, monitoring points are laid out, and leveling points, GPS receivers, sensors, and geological radar equipment are set up to ensure that important locations are covered and settlement can be effectively detected;

[0072] S3. Initial data collection. Before regular monitoring, preliminary baseline data collection is required to establish basic data on settlement and verify accuracy. The data will serve as a comparison standard for subsequent monitoring.

[0073] S4. Monitoring implementation, conduct regular or real-time monitoring operations. Obtain settlement data regularly or dynamically through leveling, GPS measurement, and radar imaging methods, and pay attention to the data collection frequency, time interval, and instrument calibration details during the monitoring process;

[0074] S5. Data processing and analysis: The collected data needs to be processed and analyzed to determine the trend, degree and speed of subsidence, including data filtering, interpolation, trend analysis, and comprehensive evaluation combined with environmental factors.

[0075] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and components thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the embodiments disclosed by the present invention may be used in combination with each other in any manner, and the fact that these combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification is only for the sake of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A surface subsidence monitoring system, characterized in that: include: The central processing unit is used to execute the command control end of the system, receive data information from the lower units, and issue commands to each unit; A data processing and analysis unit, connected to the central processing unit, and configured to receive the first signal data transmitted by the data acquisition and transmission unit; The data processing and analysis unit includes a data processing module and a data modeling module. The data processing module is used to clean, correct and process the collected raw data to eliminate possible errors and noises. The data management module is used to store monitoring data using a database system for long-term archiving and query; The data modeling module is used to analyze and model the settlement data using statistics, machine learning, and geographic information system tools to identify settlement trends; The sedimentation model is as follows: S(t) is the surface subsidence at time t; C c,i is the compression index of the i-th soil layer; e 0,i is the initial void ratio of the i-th soil layer; H i is the thickness of the i-th soil layer; σ 0,i is the initial effective stress of the i-th soil layer; Δσ i is the additional stress in the i-th layer of soil due to external load; K i is the consolidation coefficient of the i-th soil layer; t is time; The monitoring unit is connected to the central processing unit and is used to collect settlement data in real time and transmit the data to the data collection and transmission unit: The monitoring unit includes a sensor module, a settlement monitoring point module and an automated monitoring module. The sensor module includes a sensing optical fiber, a level, a total station, a global navigation satellite system receiver, and an inclinometer; The settlement monitoring point module is used to deploy multiple monitoring points in the area to be monitored to collect settlement data. Distributed optical fiber sensing technology is used to deploy sensing optical fibers on the surface or underground of the area to be monitored to form a sensing network covering the entire area. The automated monitoring module is used to perform real-time acquisition and transmit data to the monitoring center; A data acquisition and transmission unit is connected to the monitoring unit and is used to periodically or in real time acquire surface subsidence data from the monitoring unit and generate first signal data to transmit to the data processing and analysis unit; The early warning and decision support unit is connected to the central processing unit and is used to establish a threshold value of the settlement change based on the first signal data, so as to assist the decision maker to make a scientific decision and take timely measures; The user interface and visualization unit are connected to the central processing unit and are used to display the settlement monitoring results through the visualization interface.

2. A surface subsidence monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning and decision support unit includes an early warning model module and a decision support module. The early warning model module is used to establish a threshold of settlement change based on real-time or historical data, and trigger an early warning mechanism when the threshold is exceeded: The decision support module is used to provide visual reports based on the analysis results to assist decision makers in making scientific decisions and taking timely measures.

3. A surface subsidence monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The user interface and visualization unit includes a data display module and a report generation module. The data display module is used to display the settlement monitoring results through a visualization interface to facilitate real-time viewing and analysis; The report generation module is used to execute the system to automatically generate monitoring reports and provide them to relevant personnel for review and decision-making.

4. A surface subsidence monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data acquisition and transmission unit includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module and a sensor calibration module. The data acquisition module is used to obtain surface settlement data regularly or in real time through various sensors installed on the ground, such as a level, a laser radar, and an inclinometer; The data transmission module is used to transmit the collected monitoring data to the data processing and analysis unit using wireless communication technology; The sensor calibration module is used to perform regular sensor calibration to ensure data accuracy and perform necessary maintenance on the equipment.

5. A method for implementing surface subsidence monitoring using the surface subsidence monitoring system of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Selection of monitoring areas: determine the scope of monitoring areas, and consider areas that require key monitoring, such as settlement-sensitive areas, densely populated areas, and construction areas; S2. Layout of monitoring points: Based on the monitoring objectives and technical means, monitoring points are laid out, and leveling points, GPS receivers, sensors, and geological radar equipment are set up to ensure that important locations are covered and settlement can be effectively detected; S3. Initial data collection. Before regular monitoring, preliminary baseline data collection is required to establish basic data on settlement and verify accuracy. The data will serve as a comparison standard for subsequent monitoring. S4. Monitoring implementation: Conduct regular or real-time monitoring operations, obtain settlement data regularly or dynamically through distributed fiber optic sensing technology, leveling, GPS measurement, and radar imaging methods, and pay attention to the data collection frequency, time interval, and instrument calibration details during the monitoring process; S5. Data processing and analysis. The collected data needs to be processed and analyzed to determine the trend, extent, and speed of subsidence, including data filtering, interpolation, trend analysis, and comprehensive evaluation combined with environmental factors.

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