Underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device
By designing an underwater multi-parameter self-capacity acquisition device integrating multiple high-precision sensors, high-precision measurement and in-situ calibration of the ocean detection network are realized, the problem of insufficient accuracy and stability in the existing technology is solved, and the efficiency and reliability of marine environmental data acquisition are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411767011.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
AI Technical Summary
When measuring key parameters such as temperature, water color, sound pressure, and magnetic force, existing ocean detection sensors have problems of insufficient accuracy and stability, which are difficult to meet the high-precision measurement needs of multi-scale, multi-parameter, and all-weather ocean detection networks. At the same time, the calibration methods of existing detection networks are complex and inefficient, making it difficult to support precise ocean measurements and accurate perception and recognition of weak targets.
A underwater multi-parameter self-capacity acquisition device is designed, integrating a variety of high-precision sensors, including temperature sensors, CTDs, magnetic sensors, optical sensors and standard hydrophones. The simultaneous measurement and in-situ calibration of multi-sensor parameters are achieved through the FPGA acquisition unit, atomic clock and data storage module.
It has achieved underwater multi-parameter measurements with high accuracy, high reliability and strong environmental adaptability, improved the calibration capability of the detection network and the efficiency of marine environmental data acquisition, and supported the development of marine scientific research, climate forecasting and environmental protection.
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Figure CN119935097A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ocean detection technology, and in particular to an underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device. Background Art
[0002] Current ocean detection sensors have problems with accuracy and stability when measuring key parameters such as temperature, water color, sound pressure, magnetism and their distribution fields. This deficiency makes it difficult to meet the high-precision measurement needs of multi-scale, multi-parameter, all-weather ocean detection networks, and seriously affects the development of marine scientific research, climate forecasting and environmental protection.
[0003] At the same time, the calibration method of the existing detection network mainly relies on the disassembly and calibration of the sensor, which is complicated and inefficient. Especially under the conditions of on-site or long-term deployment, there is a large gap between the calibration accuracy and practicality of the sensor, which makes it difficult to support accurate ocean measurement, accurate perception and accurate identification of weak targets. These technical bottlenecks have seriously restricted the technical capabilities in marine development and management, marine security, navigation and target identification. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention provides an underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device for accurately detecting and sensing key parameters such as underwater temperature, light, sound, magnetism, gravity, etc., and realizing in-situ calibration of multi-sensor parameters, thereby improving the underwater multi-parameter measurement capability and the calibration capability of the detection network.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device, comprising a fixing frame, a data acquisition storage device installed on the fixing frame, and a plurality of underwater multi-parameter acquisition sensors.
[0006] The data acquisition and storage device includes an FPGA acquisition unit, an atomic clock and a data storage module; the data storage module communicates with the FPGA core unit via Gigabit Ethernet, and the atomic clock provides a clock synchronization signal.
[0007] The FPGA acquisition board includes a variety of acquisition interfaces for corresponding to underwater multi-parameter acquisition sensors.
[0008] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for an underwater target perception and recognition system based on in-situ calibration, targeting a standard hydrophone in a device, comprising the following steps:
[0009] S1: Use the comparison method to perform in-situ sensitivity calibration of the hydrophone to be calibrated to ensure accurate sensitivity values in the actual marine environment;
[0010] S2: perform in-situ calibration;
[0011] S3: Calculate the ocean background noise spectrum level using the in-situ measurement data of the transfer standard and use this value as the standard value;
[0012] S4: Calculate the ocean background noise spectrum level using the hydrophone sensitivity calibration result and the hydrophone data to be tested, and use this value as the measurement value;
[0013] S5: Compare the deviation between the measured value and the standard value, and preliminarily determine the composition of the hydrophone noise based on the noise spectrum level deviation;
[0014] S6: If the noise spectrum level deviation exceeds the measurement uncertainty, the typical ocean background noise is selected as the background noise;
[0015] S7: Use the sonar equation to estimate the impact of noise spectrum deviation on the perceived distance. At the same time, based on the target recognition requirements, quantitatively analyze the impact of noise spectrum deviation on the beam output signal-to-noise ratio.
[0016] Beneficial effects of the invention: The invention realizes the simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters by integrating multiple high-precision sensors. Its self-contained design has built-in batteries and data storage modules, and can work independently underwater for several days without external power supply and data transmission lines. The device has the characteristics of high precision, high reliability and strong environmental adaptability, and is widely used in the fields of marine research, environmental protection, navigation, etc., providing comprehensive and continuous underwater environmental data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of a data acquisition and storage device in an underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 The invention discloses an in-situ calibration method for an underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device and an underwater target perception and recognition evaluation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] The present application discloses an underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device, comprising a temperature sensor, a fixing frame, a reserved space for the device, a CTD, a magnetic sensor, an optical sensor, a standard hydrophone, and a data acquisition storage device.
[0021] The temperature sensor, CTD, magnetic sensor, optical sensor, standard hydrophone, and data acquisition and storage device are all installed at corresponding positions of the fixing frame; the data acquisition and storage device collects and stores the environmental data detected by the temperature sensor, CTD, magnetic sensor, optical sensor, and standard hydrophone in real time at different communication frequencies; the data acquisition and storage device communicates with the temperature sensor, CTD, and optical sensor through an RS232 serial port module; the data acquisition and storage device communicates with the magnetic sensor through an IIC protocol; and the data acquisition and storage device communicates with the standard hydrophone through an SPI protocol.
[0022] In one example, the data acquisition storage device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an FPGA core board, an atomic clock, a data storage module, and a 24V battery; the FPGA core board includes an SPI protocol interface, an IIC protocol interface, an RS232 serial port module, an RS422 serial port module, and an RS485 serial port module; the data storage module communicates with the FPGA core board via Gigabit Ethernet; and the 24V battery simultaneously powers the FPGA acquisition board and the data storage module.
[0023] Furthermore, the data acquisition and storage device communicates with the PC through an RS485 serial port module. After the PC sends instructions and configures corresponding sensor parameters to the data acquisition and storage device, the connection can be disconnected to achieve underwater self-contained multi-parameter data acquisition.
[0024] Furthermore, the atomic clock communicates with the FPGA core board via an RS422 serial port module, and the communication baud rate is 9600bps; the atomic clock is a commercial atomic clock, and its synchronization accuracy is ≤25ns, and its self-timekeeping accuracy is ≤±3ms / 30 days.
[0025] Furthermore, the fixing frame is made of TC4 titanium alloy, and the space dimension of the reserved space of the device is the same as the outer space dimension of the data acquisition and storage device.
[0026] Furthermore, the temperature sensor is a calibrated standard temperature sensor, and the baud rate of the temperature sensor communicating with the data acquisition storage device is 38400 bps, and the resolution is 10 -7 ℃;
[0027] Furthermore, the CTD is a commercial temperature-salinity-depth profiler, and its communication baud rate with the data acquisition and storage device is 115200bps. The CTD4 can simultaneously measure four parameters: seawater temperature, conductivity, depth, and sound speed. The temperature measurement accuracy is ±0.01°C, and the resolution is 0.002°C; the conductivity measurement accuracy is ±0.01mS / cm, and the resolution is 0.002mS / cm; the water depth measurement range is 6000m, the measurement accuracy is ±0.6m, and the resolution is 0.06m; the sound speed measurement accuracy is ±0.02m / s, and the resolution is 0.001m / s.
[0028] Furthermore, the magnetic sensor is a three-axis fluxgate sensor with an accuracy of ±150nT and a resolution of 10nT.
[0029] Furthermore, the optical sensor is a calibrated standard optical sensor with a communication baud rate of 57600 bps, a spectral accuracy of 0.2 nm, and a spectral resolution of 10 nm.
[0030] Furthermore, the standard hydrophone is an underwater acoustic sensor, which uses a PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramic ball with a diameter of 30 mm and a frequency range of 20 Hz to 50 kHz. The hydrophone has a built-in ultra-low noise preamplifier to achieve impedance conversion and weak signal amplification functions, with a gain of 20 dB and an overall sensitivity of -172 dB ± 2.5 dB (ref 1 V / μPa).
[0031] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also discloses a quantitative evaluation method for an underwater target perception and recognition system based on in-situ calibration, and selects an acoustic sensor for quantitative evaluation according to the sensor configuration of the underwater detection network.
[0032] For acoustic sensors, the reduction of hydrophone receiving sensitivity may cause the increase of the equivalent spectral level of the acoustic channel self-noise, making the equivalent spectral level higher than the actual ocean background noise, reducing the quality factor of the acoustic array of the detection network, thereby reducing the target perception distance. Therefore, it is necessary to study the quantitative evaluation method of the impact of the reduction of hydrophone sensitivity on the target perception distance. The specific steps are as follows:
[0033] S1: Use the comparison method to perform in-situ sensitivity calibration on the hydrophone to be calibrated, ensuring accurate sensitivity values in the actual ocean environment, and providing a reliable basis for ocean acoustic data processing and analysis.
[0034] S2: In-situ calibration includes: positioning and depth control system, signal generation system, overflow ring transducer, hydrophone to be tested, standard hydrophone, data acquisition system; specifically:
[0035] S2-1: Use the positioning and depth control system to accurately locate the underwater position of the hydrophone to be tested, the standard hydrophone and the overflow ring transducer to ensure that the three are at the same depth;
[0036] S2-2: Using the overflow ring transducer controlled by the signal generation system to transmit a single frequency signal with a frequency range of 500 Hz to 20 kHz and a pulse width of 20 ms in a 1 / 3 octave band;
[0037] S2-3: The standard hydrophone and the hydrophone to be tested simultaneously collect the single-frequency signal emitted by the overflow ring transducer in S2-2. Specifically, the GPS timestamp is used to achieve time synchronization of the equipment to ensure that the data collected by the standard hydrophone and the hydrophone to be tested are accurately aligned;
[0038] S2-4: Acquire signals of the standard hydrophone and the hydrophone to be tested through the data acquisition system, namely the data of the hydrophone to be tested and the data of the standard hydrophone;
[0039] S2-5: Calculate the sensitivity of the hydrophone to be tested, which is the hydrophone sensitivity calibration result:
[0040] 20logM x =20logM s +20loge x -20loge s
[0041] Where M x is the sensitivity of the hydrophone to be tested, M s is the sensitivity of the standard hydrophone, e x is the voltage signal output by the digital hydrophone, e s is the open circuit voltage of a standard hydrophone.
[0042] S3: Calculate the ocean background noise spectrum level using the in-situ measurement data of the transfer standard, and use this value as the standard value, specifically: calculate the standard value of the ocean background noise spectrum level using the standard hydrophone data of S2-4;
[0043] S4: Calculate the ocean background noise spectrum level using the hydrophone sensitivity calibration result and the hydrophone data to be tested, and use this value as the measurement value, specifically: Calculate the measurement value of the ocean background noise spectrum level using the hydrophone sensitivity calibration result calculated in S2-5 and the hydrophone data to be tested in S2-4;
[0044] S5: Compare the deviation between the measured value and the standard value, and preliminarily determine the main components of the hydrophone noise based on the noise spectrum level deviation;
[0045] S6: If the noise spectrum level deviation exceeds the measurement uncertainty, the typical ocean background noise is selected as the background noise;
[0046] S7: Use the sonar equation to estimate the impact of noise spectrum deviation on the perceived distance. At the same time, based on the target recognition requirements, quantitatively analyze the impact of noise spectrum deviation on the beam output signal-to-noise ratio.
[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device, comprising a fixing frame, a data acquisition storage device mounted on the fixing frame, and a plurality of underwater multi-parameter acquisition sensors, characterized in that: The data acquisition and storage device includes an FPGA acquisition unit, an atomic clock and a data storage module; the data storage module communicates with the FPGA core unit via Gigabit Ethernet, and the atomic clock provides a clock synchronization signal; The FPGA acquisition board includes a variety of acquisition interfaces for corresponding to underwater multi-parameter acquisition sensors.
2. An underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition interface includes an SPI protocol interface, an IIC protocol interface, an RS232 serial port module, an RS422 serial port module and an RS485 serial port module.
3. An underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a 24V battery, which supplies power to the FPGA acquisition unit and the data storage module at the same time.
4. The underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple underwater multi-parameter acquisition sensors include temperature sensors, temperature-salinity-depth profilers, magnetic sensors, optical sensors and standard hydrophones.
5. The underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition and storage device acquires and stores the environmental data detected by the temperature sensor, the temperature-salinity-depth profiler, the magnetic sensor, the optical sensor, and the standard hydrophone in real time at different communication frequencies.
6. An underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The data acquisition storage device communicates with the temperature sensor via an RS485 serial port module; The data acquisition and storage device communicates with the temperature-salinity-depth profiler and the optical sensor via an RS232 serial port module; The data acquisition storage device communicates with the magnetic sensor via the IIC protocol; The data acquisition and storage device communicates with the standard hydrophone via the SPI protocol.
7. An underwater multi-parameter self-contained acquisition device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The atomic clock communicates with the FPGA acquisition unit via an RS422 serial port module.
8. A quantitative evaluation method for an underwater target perception and recognition system based on in-situ calibration, for the standard hydrophone in the device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: S1: Use the comparison method to perform in-situ sensitivity calibration of the hydrophone to be calibrated to ensure accurate sensitivity values in the actual marine environment; S2: perform in-situ calibration; S3: Calculate the ocean background noise spectrum level using the in-situ measurement data of the transfer standard and use this value as the standard value; S4: Calculate the ocean background noise spectrum level using the hydrophone sensitivity calibration result and the hydrophone data to be tested, and use this value as the measurement value; S5: Compare the deviation between the measured value and the standard value, and preliminarily determine the composition of the hydrophone noise based on the noise spectrum level deviation; S6: If the noise spectrum level deviation exceeds the measurement uncertainty, the typical ocean background noise is selected as the background noise; S7: Use the sonar equation to estimate the impact of noise spectrum deviation on the perceived distance. At the same time, based on the target recognition requirements, quantitatively analyze the impact of noise spectrum deviation on the beam output signal-to-noise ratio.
9. The quantitative evaluation method of the underwater target perception and recognition system based on in-situ calibration according to claim 8 is characterized by: S2 specifically is: S2-1: Use the positioning and depth control system to accurately locate the underwater position of the hydrophone to be tested, the standard hydrophone and the overflow ring transducer to ensure that the three are at the same depth; S2-2: Use the overflow ring transducer controlled by the signal generation system to transmit a single frequency signal with a frequency range of 500 Hz to 20 kHz and a pulse width of 20 ms in a 1 / 3 octave band; S2-3: The standard hydrophone and the hydrophone under test simultaneously collect the single-frequency signal emitted by the overflow ring transducer in S2-2; S2-4: Acquire signals of the standard hydrophone and the hydrophone to be tested through the data acquisition system, namely the data of the hydrophone to be tested and the data of the standard hydrophone; S2-5: Calculate the sensitivity of the hydrophone to be tested, which is the hydrophone sensitivity calibration result.
10. The quantitative evaluation method of the underwater target perception and recognition system based on in-situ calibration according to claim 9 is characterized by: In S2-3, GPS timestamps are used to achieve time synchronization of the equipment, ensuring that the data collected by the standard hydrophone and the hydrophone under test are accurately aligned.