Agricultural machine test bed with multi-working-condition simulation function and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural machine test bed with a multi-working-condition simulation function and a test method of the agricultural machine test bed, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine tests. The soil circulation flow line comprises a chain plate conveying line, a material receiving groove, a transfer conveying line, a backflow conveying line and a soil recycling treatment assembly which are sequentially and annularly arranged in the anticlockwise direction. The chain plate conveying line is further provided with a soil quality simulation mechanism, the soil quality simulation mechanism comprises a fixing frame, a rolling assembly and a spraying assembly, and through the mode, after flowing out of the discharging end of the chain plate conveying line, soil sequentially passes through the material receiving groove, the transfer conveying line, the backflow conveying line, the hopper, the caking beater and the soil suction machine; after being dried and re-scattered, the soil flows back to the chain plate conveying line, and circular flowing of the soil is achieved; various different soil structures can be simulated through cooperation of the scraper structure, the rolling assembly and the spraying assembly, and working parameters of the agricultural machine under different working conditions can be obtained during testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery testing, and in particular to an agricultural machinery testing platform with multi-operating condition simulation functions and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of peanut planting, the soil must first be broken up by a rotary tiller to form a good tillage layer, and then the soil must be turned over by the teeth of a power harrow to make it softer. Finally, the seeds are evenly sown into the soil to complete the peanut sowing operation.

[0003] Agricultural machinery needs to be debugged before use to determine its applicable scenarios and its actual working performance. However, agricultural machinery testing is easily limited by the test site. When working in the field, the test cycle will be increased, making it difficult to simulate the working status of agricultural machinery under different working conditions. It is also impossible to obtain the working data of the part of the agricultural machinery touching the soil under long-term working conditions, which is not conducive to continuous testing.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs an agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function and a test method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function and a test method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function, comprising a soil circulation flow line and an agricultural machinery test mechanism;

[0008] The soil circulation line includes a chain conveyor line, a material receiving trough, a transfer conveyor line, a return conveyor line and a soil recycling processing component which are arranged in a counterclockwise circular pattern.

[0009] The receiving trough is located between the discharge end of the chain conveyor line and the transfer conveyor line, and multiple receiving troughs are arranged along the width direction of the chain conveyor line; the feeding end of the receiving trough is located at the lower side of the discharge end of the chain conveyor line, and the discharging end of the receiving trough is located at the upper side of the feeding end of the transfer conveyor line;

[0010] The feed end of the return conveyor line is located at the lower side of the discharge end of the transfer conveyor line, and the discharge end of the return conveyor line is located at the upper side of the feed end of the soil recycling processing component;

[0011] The discharge end of the soil recycling and processing assembly is located on the upper side of the feed end of the chain conveyor line;

[0012] The chain conveyor line is provided with an agricultural machinery testing mechanism, which includes a rotary tiller testing assembly, a power harrow testing assembly and a seed drill testing assembly which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor line;

[0013] A soil simulation mechanism is also arranged between the feeding end of the chain conveyor line and the rotary tiller test assembly. The soil simulation mechanism includes a fixed frame, a rolling assembly and a spray assembly. The fixed frame is arranged on the upper side of the chain conveyor line. A spray assembly is arranged on one side of the fixed frame close to the feeding end of the chain conveyor line, and a rolling assembly is arranged on the other side of the fixed frame. The spray assembly is used to change the moisture of the soil and simulate different soil types; the rolling assembly is used to change the tightness of the soil to simulate the compaction and hard lump phenomena of the soil.

[0014] Furthermore, the soil recycling and processing component includes a hopper, a clump breaker and a soil sucker arranged between the discharge end of the reflux conveyor line and the feed end of the chain conveyor line. The feed port of the hopper is located at the lower side of the discharge end of the reflux conveyor line, and the hopper is used to feed the clump breaker; a plurality of soil suckers are evenly arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chain conveyor line, the feed end of the soil sucker is connected to the discharge end of the clump breaker, and the discharge end of the soil sucker is located on the upper side of the feed end of the chain conveyor line.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of soil drying mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the return conveyor line along the conveying direction of the return conveyor line. The soil drying mechanism includes a baking hood and a hot air blower. The baking hood is erected above the frame of the return conveyor line. The hot air blower is arranged on the baking hood. A local drying area is formed between the baking hood and the belt of the return conveyor line.

[0016] Furthermore, the rotary tiller test assembly, power harrow test assembly and seed drill test assembly have the same structure, all of which include a support frame, a drive motor, a motor protection cover and a lifting and adjusting link assembly. The support frame is erected on the upper side of the chain conveyor line, the motor protection cover is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support frame, and the drive motor is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the motor protection cover; the lifting and adjusting link assembly is arranged on one side of the motor protection cover, and the lifting and adjusting link assembly is used to connect with the agricultural machinery and control the height of the working end of the agricultural machinery.

[0017] Furthermore, the lifting and adjusting link assembly includes a synchronous lifting shaft, a lifting drive assembly, a middle pull rod and a connecting frame, the connecting frame is set as a triangular structure, and the connecting frame is welded to the frame of the agricultural machine to be connected; the synchronous lifting shaft is rotatably installed on the side of the motor protection cover through a bearing, and the lifting drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the motor protection cover, and the lifting drive assembly is connected to the connecting frame; one end of the middle pull rod is hinged to the side of the motor protection cover, and the other end of the middle pull rod is hinged to the top of the connecting frame;

[0018] The lifting drive assembly includes an upper boom, a push cylinder, a side lifting rod and a lower boom. The upper boom and the lower boom are arranged up and down. One end of the upper boom is fixedly connected to the synchronous lifting shaft, and the two ends of the lower boom are respectively hinged to the bottom of the connecting frame and the motor protection cover; the upper and lower ends of the side lifting rod are respectively hinged to the other end of the upper boom and the middle part of the lower boom; the shell end of the push cylinder is hinged to the motor protection cover, and the output end of the push cylinder is hinged to the middle part of the upper boom.

[0019] Furthermore, the rolling assembly includes a swing arm, a pressure roller, a swing motor and a synchronous rotating shaft. The two swing arms are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixed frame. The synchronous rotating shaft is fixedly installed between the left ends of the swing arms, and the synchronous rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed frame; the pressure roller is rotatably installed between the right ends of the swing arms through bearings; the swing motor is fixedly installed on the fixed frame, and the output end of the swing motor is transmission-connected to the synchronous rotating shaft through a reducer.

[0020] Furthermore, the spray assembly includes a spray pipe and a spray head. The spray pipe is fixedly connected to a fixed frame. A plurality of spray heads connected to the spray pipe are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chain conveyor line. The spray heads cooperate with the chain conveyor line to form a local spray area.

[0021] Furthermore, a liftable scraper structure is provided at the feeding end of the chain conveyor line.

[0022] Furthermore, spray assemblies are provided in the operating areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly, as well as at the connections between different lines; protective shields are symmetrically provided at the feeding end of the chain conveyor line, the discharging end of the chain conveyor line and the front and rear sides of the operating areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly.

[0023] In order to better achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention also provides an agricultural machinery testing method, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: The soil enters the chain plate from the feeding end of the chain plate conveyor line, and the soil is scraped flat by the scraper structure and evenly spread on the chain plate;

[0025] Step 2: When the soil passes through the local spraying area, the spray head sprays salt water onto the soil to simulate the soil quality of saline-alkali land and adjust the humidity of the soil;

[0026] Step 3: The soil passes through the pressure roller, which presses the soil to change the tightness of the soil and simulate the compaction and hardening of the soil;

[0027] Step 4: The soil passes through the working areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly in sequence. The rotary tiller test assembly drives the rotary tiller to perform rotary tillage on the soil on the chain conveyor line. The power harrow test assembly then controls the power harrow to perform secondary tillage on the soil worked by the rotary tiller, so that it can reach a state where crops can be sown. Finally, the seed drill test assembly drives the seed drill to perform simulated sowing operations on the soil on the chain conveyor line, and the working parameters of each agricultural machine are recorded in real time when each agricultural machine is working.

[0028] Step 5: After the soil flows out from the discharge end of the chain conveyor line, it passes through the receiving trough and the transfer conveyor line in turn and then flows into the return conveyor line. When the soil passes through the local drying area, part of the moisture is removed from the soil and the saline-alkali environment is retained;

[0029] Step 6: After the soil flows out from the return conveyor line, it passes through the hopper, the agglomeration disintegrator and the soil suction machine in sequence, is re-disintegrated and flows back to the chain conveyor line;

[0030] In addition, steps one to six are repeated in a cycle to conduct uninterrupted testing of the agricultural machinery until the total operating time of the rotary tiller, power harrow and seed drill reaches two thousand hours, and the operating parameters of each agricultural machinery are analyzed to judge the performance of the agricultural machinery.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. After the soil flows out from the discharge end of the chain conveyor line, it passes through the receiving trough, transfer conveyor line, return conveyor line, hopper, clump breaker and soil suction machine in sequence, is dried and re-broken up, and then flows back to the chain conveyor line. The soil circulates and is repeatedly operated by agricultural machinery on the chain conveyor line, thereby realizing the recycling of soil, effectively facilitating routine testing of agricultural machinery, and is not restricted by the site. Testing can be carried out continuously, which is conducive to reducing the test cycle.

[0032] 2. The chain conveyor line is used to carry soil to simulate the actual agricultural machinery operation site. After the soil enters the chain plate from the feeding end of the chain conveyor line, the soil is scraped flat by the scraper structure and evenly spread on the chain plate. Then, water is sprayed on the soil through the spray assembly to adjust the soil humidity. By spraying water with different formulas on the soil, the soil quality of saline-alkali land can be simulated, which is effective and convenient for the test operation of saline-alkali land. The soil can be rolled by the rolling assembly to adjust the tightness of the soil, thereby simulating the compaction and hardness of the soil. The scraper structure, rolling assembly and spray assembly can be used to simulate a variety of soil structures, and the lifting and adjusting link assembly can change the operating depth of the agricultural machinery. During the test, the working parameters of the agricultural machinery under different working conditions can be obtained, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the test and the reliability of the collected data.

[0033] 3. Use the electric hoist as an auxiliary lifting and handling device to directly lift the initial soil onto the chain conveyor line. The agricultural machinery to be tested can also be lifted to the installation position on the chain conveyor line to connect the agricultural machinery with the lifting and adjusting link assembly, thereby facilitating the conduct of agricultural machinery testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 The present invention is a three-dimensional agricultural machinery test bench with multi-working condition simulation function Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 2 A top view of an agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation functions according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The present invention is a three-dimensional agricultural machinery test bench with multi-working condition simulation function Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 4 The present invention is a three-dimensional agricultural machinery test bench with multi-working condition simulation function Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of a soil recycling and processing assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of a rotary tiller test assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 is a perspective view of a power harrow test assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 A perspective view of a seed drill test assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 The soil simulation mechanism of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 1 ;

[0045] Fig.11 The soil simulation mechanism of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 2 .

[0046] The numbers in the figure represent:

[0047] 1. Soil circulation line; 11. Chain conveyor line; 12. Material receiving trough; 13. Transfer conveyor line; 14. Reflux conveyor line; 15. Soil recycling and processing assembly; 151. Hopper; 152. Lump-breaking machine; 153. Soil suction machine; 16. Protective shield; 2. Agricultural machinery testing mechanism; 21. Support frame; 22. Drive motor; 23. Motor protective cover; 24. Lifting and adjusting link assembly; 241. Synchronous lifting shaft; 242. Upper suspension arm; 243. Push cylinder; 244. Side lifting rod; 245, lower lifting arm; 246, middle pulling rod; 247, connecting frame; 3, auxiliary transport mechanism; 31, truss; 32, truss car; 33, electric hoist; 4, soil simulation mechanism; 41, fixed frame; 42, rolling assembly; 421, swing arm; 422, pressure roller; 423, swing motor; 43, spray assembly; 431, spray pipe; 432, spray head; 5, soil drying mechanism; 51, baking hood; 52, hot air blower; 6, electronic billboard; 7, observation room. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The terms “left”, “right”, “front”, “back”, “up” and “down” mentioned in the following description are oriented in the viewing direction of the top view.

[0050] Embodiment 1: In some embodiments, please refer to the drawings of the specification Figure 1-Figure 11 , an agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function, comprising a soil circulation flow line 1 and an agricultural machinery test mechanism 2;

[0051] The soil circulation line 1 comprises a chain conveyor line 11, a material receiving trough 12, a transfer conveyor line 13, a return conveyor line 14 and a soil recycling processing component 15, which are arranged in a circular manner in a counterclockwise direction from a top view.

[0052] The receiving trough 12 is located between the discharge end of the chain conveyor line 11 and the transfer conveyor line 13, and a plurality of receiving troughs 12 are arranged along the width direction of the chain conveyor line 11; the feeding end of the receiving trough 12 is located at the lower side of the discharge end of the chain conveyor line 11, and the discharging end of the receiving trough 12 is located at the upper side of the feeding end of the transfer conveyor line 13;

[0053] The feed end of the return conveyor line 14 is located at the lower side of the discharge end of the transfer conveyor line 13, and the discharge end of the return conveyor line 14 is located at the upper side of the feed end of the soil recycling processing component 15;

[0054] The discharge end of the soil recycling processing assembly 15 is located on the upper side of the feed end of the chain conveyor line 11;

[0055] The chain conveyor line 11 adopts chain conveyor, and the transfer conveyor line 13 and the return conveyor line 14 adopt belt conveyors. The chain plates of the chain conveyor line 11 and the belts of the transfer conveyor line 13 and the return conveyor line 14 are all made of anti-corrosion materials, such as plastic materials, to increase the service life of the entire soil circulation line 1;

[0056] The soil recycling and processing assembly 15 includes a hopper 151, a lumping dispersing machine 152 and a soil sucker 153 arranged between the discharge end of the reflux conveyor line 14 and the feed end of the chain conveyor line 11. The feed port of the hopper 151 is located at the lower side of the discharge end of the reflux conveyor line 14, and the hopper 151 is used to feed the lumping dispersing machine 152; a plurality of soil suckers 153 are evenly arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chain conveyor line 11, the feed end of the soil sucker 153 is connected to the discharge end of the lumping dispersing machine 152, and the discharge end of the soil sucker 153 is located at the upper side of the feed end of the chain conveyor line 11, and the wide-mouth paving of the soil is realized by the cooperation of the plurality of soil suckers 153;

[0057] Preferably, a liftable scraper structure is provided at the feed end of the chain conveyor line 11, through which the soil delivered to the feed end of the chain conveyor line 11 by the vacuum machine 153 can be flattened, so that the soil can be evenly distributed on the chain plates of the chain conveyor line 11, and by controlling the distance between the scraper structure and the chain plates of the chain conveyor line 11, the thickness of the soil spread on the chain conveyor line 11 can be adjusted, thereby effectively simulating more agricultural machinery operation sites and increasing the scope of application of the present application.

[0058] The chain conveyor line 11 is provided with an agricultural machinery testing mechanism 2, which includes a rotary tiller testing assembly, a power harrow testing assembly and a seed drill testing assembly which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor line 11;

[0059] A soil simulation mechanism 4 is also provided between the feeding end of the chain conveyor line 11 and the rotary tiller test assembly. The soil simulation mechanism 4 includes a fixed frame 41, a rolling assembly 42 and a spray assembly 43. The fixed frame 41 is erected on the upper side of the chain conveyor line 11. A spray assembly 43 is provided on one side of the fixed frame 41 close to the feeding end of the chain conveyor line 11, and a rolling assembly 42 is provided on the other side of the fixed frame 41. The spray assembly 43 is used to change the moisture of the soil and can simulate different soil types by spraying different water bodies; the rolling assembly 42 is used to change the tightness of the soil, simulate the compaction and lumps of saline-alkali soil, and improve the accuracy of the test and the reliability of the collected data.

[0060] Preferably, the operating areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly as well as the connection points of different lines can be provided with a spray assembly 43, so as to achieve effective dust suppression;

[0061] The feeding end of the chain conveyor line 11, the discharging end of the chain conveyor line 11, and the front and rear sides of the working area of ​​the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly, and the seed drill test assembly are symmetrically provided with protective shields 16 to reduce the possibility of dust and avoid soil splashing when the agricultural machinery is working;

[0062] In the present invention, the chain conveyor line 11 is used to carry soil to simulate an actual agricultural machinery operation site. After the soil enters the chain plate from the feeding end of the chain conveyor line 11, the soil is scraped flat by the scraper structure and evenly spread on the chain plate. Then, water is sprayed on the soil through the spray component 43 to adjust the soil humidity. By spraying water with different formulas on the soil, the soil quality of saline-alkali land can be simulated, which effectively facilitates the test operation of saline-alkali land. The rolling component 42 rolls the soil to adjust the tightness of the soil, thereby simulating the compaction and hard block conditions of the soil, improving the accuracy of the test and the reliability of the collected data.

[0063] After the scraper structure, the rolling assembly 42 and the spray assembly 43 adjust the set soil structure, the rotary tiller test assembly drives the rotary tiller to perform rotary tillage on the soil on the chain conveyor line 11, and the working parameters of the rotary tiller are recorded;

[0064] The power harrow test component controls the power harrow to perform secondary tillage on the soil worked by the rotary tiller, so that the soil can be planted with crops, and the working parameters of the power harrow are recorded;

[0065] After the soil is operated by the rotary tiller and the power harrow in turn, the soil quality is adjusted to a state suitable for sowing. The seeder test component drives the seeder to perform simulated sowing operations on the soil on the chain conveyor line 11, and the working parameters of the seeder are recorded;

[0066] The soil circulation flow line 1 and the agricultural machinery are continuously tested, for example for two thousand hours, to determine whether the working effect of the agricultural machinery meets the expected value.

[0067] The rotary tiller, power harrow and seed drill can all be adjusted in height to simulate the working parameters of agricultural machinery under different working conditions;

[0068] After the soil flows out from the discharge end of the chain conveyor line 11, it passes through the receiving trough 12, the transfer conveyor line 13, the return conveyor line 14, the hopper 151, the clump breakers 152 and the soil suction machine 153 in sequence, and is then broken up again and flows back to the chain conveyor line 11. The soil circulates and is repeatedly operated by the agricultural machinery on the chain conveyor line 11, thereby realizing the recycling of the soil, effectively facilitating the routine testing of agricultural machinery, and is not restricted by the site. The test can be carried out continuously, which is conducive to reducing the test cycle.

[0069] Electronic signboards 6 are provided on both sides of the chain conveyor line 11 for displaying data such as the running speed of the chain conveyor line 11, the parameter setting of the soil, and the working parameters of each agricultural machine. An observation room 7 is also provided on one side of the discharge end of the chain conveyor line 11 for observing the operating status of each structure.

[0070] The rolling assembly 42 includes a swing arm 421, a pressure roller 422, a swing motor 423 and a synchronous rotating shaft. The two swing arms 421 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixed frame 41. A synchronous rotating shaft is fixedly installed between the left ends of the swing arms 421, and the synchronous rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 41; a pressure roller 422 is rotatably installed between the right ends of the swing arms 421 through a bearing; a swing motor 423 is fixedly installed on the fixed frame 41, and the output end of the swing motor 423 is transmission-connected to the synchronous rotating shaft through a reducer; the swing motor 423 can control the swing of the swing arm 421 through the synchronous rotating shaft to adjust the distance between the pressure roller 422 and the chain plate of the chain plate conveyor line 11. When the chain plate conveyor line 11 drives the soil to pass through the pressure roller 422, the pressure roller 422 presses against the soil to change the tightness of the soil.

[0071] The spray assembly 43 includes a spray pipe 431 and a spray head 432. The spray pipe 431 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 41. A plurality of spray heads 432 connected to the spray pipe 431 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chain conveyor line 11. The spray heads 432 cooperate with the chain conveyor line 11 to form a local spray area to achieve the effect of regulating the soil humidity.

[0072] Preferably, the spray head 432 is an atomizing spray head, and water mist is sprayed through the spray head 432 to achieve dust reduction and dust suppression effects;

[0073] A plurality of soil drying mechanisms 5 are arranged at intervals on the reflux conveyor line 14 along the conveying direction of the reflux conveyor line 14. The soil drying mechanism 5 includes a baking hood 51 and a hot air blower 52. The baking hood 51 is erected above the frame of the reflux conveyor line 14. The hot air blower 52 is arranged on the baking hood 51, so that a local drying area is formed between the baking hood 51 and the belt of the reflux conveyor line 14. The baking hood 51 and the hot air blower 52 cooperate to dry the surface soil, so that an appropriate amount of moisture is removed from the soil and the saline-alkali environment is retained, which is convenient for the rolling component 42 to roll and compact the soil.

[0074] The rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly have the same structure, and all include a support frame 21, a drive motor 22, a motor protection cover 23 and a lifting and adjusting link assembly 24. The support frame 21 is set on the upper side of the chain plate conveyor line 11, the motor protection cover 23 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support frame 21, and the drive motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the motor protection cover 23; the lifting and adjusting link assembly 24 is arranged on one side of the motor protection cover 23, and the lifting and adjusting link assembly 24 is used to link with the agricultural machinery and control the height of the working end of the agricultural machinery;

[0075] The lifting and adjusting link assembly 24 comprises a synchronous lifting shaft 241, a lifting drive assembly, a middle pull rod 246 and a connecting frame 247. The connecting frame 247 is set to a triangular structure, and the connecting frame 247 is welded to the frame of the agricultural machine to be linked; the synchronous lifting shaft 241 is rotatably mounted on the side of the motor protection cover 23 through a bearing, and the lifting drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the motor protection cover 23, and the lifting drive assemblies are connected to the connecting frame 247; one end of the middle pull rod 246 is hinged to the side of the motor protection cover 23, and the other end of the middle pull rod 246 is hinged to the top of the connecting frame 247;

[0076] The lifting drive assembly includes an upper suspension arm 242, a push cylinder 243, a side lifting rod 244 and a lower suspension arm 245. The upper suspension arm 242 and the lower suspension arm 245 are arranged up and down. One end of the upper suspension arm 242 is fixedly connected to the synchronous lifting shaft 241, and the two ends of the lower suspension arm 245 are respectively hinged to the bottom of the connecting frame 247 and the motor protection cover 23; the upper and lower ends of the side lifting rod 244 are respectively hinged to the other end of the upper suspension arm 242 and the middle part of the lower suspension arm 245; the shell end of the push cylinder 243 is hinged to the motor protection cover 23, and the output end of the push cylinder 243 is hinged to the middle part of the upper suspension arm 242;

[0077] In the present invention, after the agricultural machinery is connected to the lifting and adjusting link assembly 24, the output shaft of the drive motor 22 can be connected to the agricultural machinery drive through a universal coupling to control the operation of the agricultural machinery; by controlling the extension and retraction of the output end of the push cylinder 243, the agricultural machinery can be stably lifted and lowered under the drive of the upper boom 242 and the lower boom 245, so that the operating depth of the agricultural machinery can be conveniently adjusted, and the agricultural machinery operation data under different parameters and different working conditions can be obtained, thereby further increasing the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data.

[0078] Embodiment 2: In some embodiments, Figure 6As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an auxiliary transport mechanism 3 is provided on the chain conveyor line 11, and the auxiliary transport mechanism 3 includes a truss 31 erected on the chain conveyor line 11, a truss car 32 moving along the top of the truss 31, and a plurality of electric hoists 33 arranged on the truss car 32; the electric hoist 33 is used as an auxiliary lifting and transporting device to directly lift the initial soil onto the chain conveyor line 11, and the agricultural machinery to be tested can also be lifted to the set installation position on the chain conveyor line 11 to connect the agricultural machinery with the lifting and adjusting link assembly 24, thereby facilitating the conduct of the agricultural machinery test.

[0079] Embodiment 3: In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for testing agricultural machinery comprises the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: The soil enters the chain plate from the feeding end of the chain plate conveyor line 11, and the soil is scraped flat by the scraper structure and evenly spread on the chain plate;

[0081] Step 2: When the soil passes through the local spraying area, the spray head 432 sprays the salt water onto the soil to simulate the soil quality of saline-alkali land and adjust the humidity of the soil;

[0082] Step 3: The soil passes through the pressing roller 422, and the pressing roller 422 presses the soil to change the tightness of the soil, simulating the compaction and hardening of the soil;

[0083] Step 4: The soil passes through the working areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly in sequence. The rotary tiller test assembly drives the rotary tiller to perform rotary tillage on the soil on the chain conveyor line 11. The power harrow test assembly controls the power harrow to perform secondary tillage on the soil worked by the rotary tiller, so that the soil can be sown with crops. Finally, the seed drill test assembly drives the seed drill to perform simulated sowing operations on the soil on the chain conveyor line 11, and the working parameters of each agricultural machine are recorded in real time when each agricultural machine is working.

[0084] Step 5: After the soil flows out from the discharge end of the chain conveyor line 11, it passes through the receiving trough 12 and the transfer conveyor line 13 in sequence and then flows into the return conveyor line 14. When the soil passes through the local drying area, part of the moisture is removed from the soil and the saline-alkali environment is retained;

[0085] Step 6: After the soil flows out from the return conveyor line 14, it passes through the hopper 151, the agglomeration disintegrator 152 and the soil suction machine 153 in sequence, is re-disintegrated and flows back to the chain conveyor line 11;

[0086] In addition, steps one to six are repeated in a cycle to conduct uninterrupted testing of the agricultural machinery until the total operating time of the rotary tiller, power harrow and seed drill reaches two thousand hours, and the operating parameters of each agricultural machinery are analyzed to judge the performance of the agricultural machinery.

[0087] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function, comprising a soil circulation flow line (1) and an agricultural machinery test mechanism (2), characterized in that: The soil circulation line (1) comprises a chain plate conveyor line (11), a material receiving trough (12), a transfer conveyor line (13), a return conveyor line (14) and a soil recycling processing component (15) which are sequentially arranged in a counterclockwise direction in a circular manner; The receiving trough (12) is located between the discharge end of the chain plate conveyor line (11) and the transfer conveyor line (13), and a plurality of receiving troughs (12) are arranged along the width direction of the chain plate conveyor line (11); the feeding end of the receiving trough (12) is located below the discharge end of the chain plate conveyor line (11), and the discharge end of the receiving trough (12) is located above the feeding end of the transfer conveyor line (13); The feed end of the return conveying line (14) is located below the discharge end of the transfer conveying line (13), and the discharge end of the return conveying line (14) is located above the feed end of the soil recycling processing component (15); The discharge end of the soil recycling processing assembly (15) is located on the upper side of the feed end of the chain conveyor line (11); An agricultural machinery testing mechanism (2) is arranged on the chain conveyor line (11), and the agricultural machinery testing mechanism (2) comprises a rotary tiller testing assembly, a power harrow testing assembly and a seed drill testing assembly which are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor line (11); A soil simulation mechanism (4) is also provided between the feeding end of the chain conveyor line (11) and the rotary tiller test assembly. The soil simulation mechanism (4) comprises a fixed frame (41), a rolling assembly (42) and a spray assembly (43). The fixed frame (41) is mounted on the upper side of the chain conveyor line (11). A spray assembly (43) is provided on one side of the fixed frame (41) close to the feeding end of the chain conveyor line (11). A rolling assembly (42) is provided on the other side of the fixed frame (41). The spray assembly (43) is used to change the moisture content of the soil and simulate different soil qualities. The rolling assembly (42) is used to change the tightness of the soil to simulate the compaction and hardening of the soil.

2. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil recycling and processing component (15) comprises a hopper (151), a lumping dispersing machine (152) and a soil sucker (153) arranged between the discharge end of the reflux conveying line (14) and the feed end of the chain conveying line (11); the feed port of the hopper (151) is located at the lower side of the discharge end of the reflux conveying line (14); the hopper (151) is used to feed the lumping dispersing machine (152); a plurality of soil suckers (153) are evenly arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chain conveying line (11); the feed end of the soil sucker (153) is connected to the discharge end of the lumping dispersing machine (152); and the discharge end of the soil sucker (153) is located at the upper side of the feed end of the chain conveying line (11).

3. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of soil drying mechanisms (5) are arranged at intervals on the return conveying line (14) along the conveying direction of the return conveying line (14), and the soil drying mechanism (5) comprises a baking hood (51) and a hot air blower (52). The baking hood (51) is mounted above a frame of the return conveying line (14), and the hot air blower (52) is arranged on the baking hood (51). A local drying area is formed between the baking hood (51) and the belt of the return conveying line (14).

4. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly have the same structure, and all comprise a support frame (21), a drive motor (22), a motor protection cover (23) and a lifting and adjusting link assembly (24); the support frame (21) is mounted on the upper side of the chain plate conveyor line (11); the motor protection cover (23) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support frame (21); the drive motor (22) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the motor protection cover (23); the lifting and adjusting link assembly (24) is arranged on one side of the motor protection cover (23); and the lifting and adjusting link assembly (24) is used to link with the agricultural machinery and control the height of the working end of the agricultural machinery.

5. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lifting and adjusting link assembly (24) comprises a synchronous lifting shaft (241), a lifting drive assembly, a middle pull rod (246) and a connecting frame (247); the connecting frame (247) is arranged in a triangular structure, and the connecting frame (247) is welded to the frame of the agricultural machinery to be linked; the synchronous lifting shaft (241) is rotatably mounted on the side of the motor protection cover (23) through a bearing, and the lifting drive assemblies are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the motor protection cover (23), and the lifting drive assemblies are connected to the connecting frame (247); one end of the middle pull rod (246) is hinged to the side of the motor protection cover (23), and the other end of the middle pull rod (246) is hinged to the top of the connecting frame (247); The lifting drive assembly comprises an upper suspension arm (242), a push cylinder (243), a side lifting rod (244) and a lower suspension arm (245). The upper suspension arm (242) and the lower suspension arm (245) are arranged up and down. One end of the upper suspension arm (242) is fixedly connected to the synchronous lifting shaft (241), and the two ends of the lower suspension arm (245) are respectively hinged to the bottom of the connecting frame (247) and the motor protection cover (23); the upper and lower ends of the side lifting rod (244) are respectively hinged to the other end of the upper suspension arm (242) and the middle part of the lower suspension arm (245); the shell end of the push cylinder (243) is hinged to the motor protection cover (23), and the output end of the push cylinder (243) is hinged to the middle part of the upper suspension arm (242).

6. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The rolling assembly (42) comprises a swing arm (421), a pressure roller (422), a swing motor (423) and a synchronous rotating shaft. The two swing arms (421) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixed frame (41). The synchronous rotating shaft is fixedly installed between the left ends of the swing arms (421), and the synchronous rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (41); the pressure roller (422) is rotatably installed between the right ends of the swing arms (421) via a bearing; the swing motor (423) is fixedly installed on the fixed frame (41), and the output end of the swing motor (423) is transmission-connected to the synchronous rotating shaft via a reducer.

7. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray assembly (43) comprises a spray pipe (431) and a spray head (432); the spray pipe (431) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (41); a plurality of spray heads (432) connected to the spray pipe (431) are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the chain conveyor line (11); the spray heads (432) cooperate with the chain conveyor line (11) to form a local spray area.

8. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 7, characterized in that: A scraper structure that can be raised and lowered is provided at the feeding end of the chain conveyor line (11).

9. The agricultural machinery test bench with multi-operating condition simulation function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The operating areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly and the connection points of different lines are all provided with spray assemblies (43); the feeding end of the chain plate conveyor line (11), the discharging end of the chain plate conveyor line (11) and the front and rear sides of the operating areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly are all symmetrically provided with protective shields (16).

10. An agricultural machinery testing method, using the agricultural machinery testing platform with multi-operating condition simulation function as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Soil enters the chain plate from the feeding end of the chain plate conveyor line (11), and the soil is scraped flat by the scraper structure and evenly spread on the chain plate; Step 2: When the soil passes through the local spraying area, the spray head (432) sprays the soil with salt water to simulate the soil quality of saline-alkali land and adjust the humidity of the soil; Step 3: The soil passes through the pressing roller (422), and the pressing roller (422) presses the soil to change the tightness of the soil, simulating the compaction and hardening of the soil; Step 4: The soil passes through the working areas of the rotary tiller test assembly, the power harrow test assembly and the seed drill test assembly in sequence, the rotary tiller test assembly drives the rotary tiller to perform rotary tillage operation on the soil on the chain conveyor line (11), and then the power harrow test assembly controls the power harrow to perform secondary tillage on the soil worked by the rotary tiller, so that it reaches a state where crops can be sown, and finally the seed drill test assembly drives the seed drill to perform simulated sowing operation on the soil on the chain conveyor line (11), and the working parameters of each agricultural machine are recorded in real time when each agricultural machine is working; Step 5: After the soil flows out from the discharge end of the chain conveyor line (11), it passes through the receiving trough (12) and the transfer conveyor line (13) in sequence and then flows into the return conveyor line (14). When the soil passes through the local drying area, part of the moisture of the soil is removed and the saline-alkali environment is retained; Step 6: After the soil flows out from the return conveyor line (14), it passes through the hopper (151), the agglomeration disintegrator (152) and the soil suction machine (153) in sequence, is re-disintegrated and flows back to the chain conveyor line (11); In addition, steps one to six are repeated in a cycle to conduct uninterrupted testing of the agricultural machinery until the total operating time of the rotary tiller, power harrow and seed drill reaches two thousand hours, and the operating parameters of each agricultural machinery are analyzed to judge the performance of the agricultural machinery.

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