Sampling device for measuring physical properties of soil body

Abstract

The invention provides a sampling device for measuring physical properties of a soil body, and relates to the technical field of sampling devices. The soil sampling device comprises a base, a pulley is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the base, a soil sampling assembly arranged above the base comprises a cylindrical soil sampling cylinder and a protective cylinder, the protective cylinder coaxially sleeves the outer wall of the soil sampling cylinder, a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the soil sampling cylinder, a feeding port extending to the center from the edge of the bottom plate is formed in the bottom plate, and a soil cutter is rotatably arranged in the feeding port; a transmission rod with the bottom end in transmission connection with the soil cutting knife is arranged in the soil sampling cylinder in a liftable mode, a lifting mechanism and a rotating mechanism which are used for driving the soil sampling assembly to ascend, descend and rotate are arranged on the base, and a leveling mechanism capable of moving in two directions is arranged at the bottom of the base. The soil sampling efficiency is high, the volume mass measurement efficiency of the soil sampling sample is high, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, and in particular to a sampling device for measuring soil physical properties. Background Art

[0002] The roadbed is the foundation of the track or road surface, and is a geotechnical structure formed by excavation or filling. The main function of the roadbed is to provide the necessary conditions for track or road surface laying and train or vehicle operation, and to bear the static and dynamic loads of the track and locomotive vehicles or road surface and traffic loads, while transmitting and diffusing the load deep into the foundation. During the construction of the roadbed, the roadbed soil needs to be tested and inspected. The test items include compaction test and physical property tests such as water content test, density test, particle analysis test, etc. These tests require soil sampling.

[0003] In the prior art, when conducting a physical property test for compaction detection, the main methods for sampling soil are the sand filling method and the ring knife method. Both methods involve manually taking soil using tools, and then measuring the volume and mass of the soil samples. Because it is a manual operation, there are differences in the work experience and work attitude of different operators. Therefore, the human operation factors have a greater impact on the measurement results, and the accuracy of compaction detection is uncontrollable. The sand filling method and the ring knife method are complex to operate and have many steps, resulting in low efficiency in soil collection and volume and mass measurement of soil samples. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to develop a sampling device for measuring soil physical properties which can improve soil sampling efficiency and the efficiency of measuring the volume mass of soil samples.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A sampling device for measuring soil physical properties, comprising: Pedestal; A plurality of pulleys are rotatably disposed at the bottom of the base; The soil excavation assembly is arranged above the base and includes: The soil collecting tube is cylindrical; The casing is cylindrical and coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the soil barrel; A bottom plate is provided at the bottom of the soil collecting tube; A feed inlet is provided on the bottom plate and extends from the edge of the bottom plate to the center of the bottom plate; A soil cutting knife is rotatably arranged in the feed inlet; The transmission rod is escalably arranged in the soil taking barrel, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is connected to the soil cutting knife; Among them, the base is provided with a lifting mechanism and a rotating mechanism for driving the soil-taking component to lift and rotate, and the bottom of the base is provided with a leveling mechanism that can move in both directions.

[0006] Optionally, a lift rod is coaxially provided in the soil collecting barrel and can be raised and lowered. The lift rod is provided with spiral blades, and the transmission rod is arranged at the bottom end of the lift rod.

[0007] Optionally, the base plate is provided with two feed ports, which are symmetrical about the center of the base plate, and the bottom end of the lifting rod is provided with two transmission rods which are symmetrical about the center of the base plate, and a slider is rotatably provided at the bottom of the transmission rod, and the soil cutting knife below the slider is provided with a slide rail which is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the slide rail is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the soil cutting knife.

[0008] Optionally, the lifting mechanism includes a bearing platform arranged above the base, the soil taking assembly is connected to the bearing platform, at least two through holes are provided on the bearing platform, screws passing through the through holes are provided at corresponding positions on the base, a driving ring which cooperates with the screw thread is provided for rotation in the through hole, and a lifting motor which drives multiple driving rings to rotate synchronously is provided on the bearing platform.

[0009] Optionally, the supporting platform is provided with four through holes in a rectangular arrangement, the top of the driving ring is provided with a driving worm gear coaxially connected thereto, two first driving rods are rotatably provided on the top of the supporting platform, both sides of the first driving rods respectively have worm segments that can engage with the driving worm gear, the worm segments of the two first driving rods are respectively engaged with the four driving worm gears, the lifting motor is a dual-axis motor, the output shafts on both sides of the lifting motor are respectively coaxially connected with the second driving rod, the end of the second driving rod is coaxially provided with a second bevel gear, and the corresponding positions on the two first driving rods are coaxially provided with first bevel gears that engage with the second bevel gear.

[0010] Optionally, the rotating mechanism includes a base rotatably arranged on the lifting mechanism, a driving motor for driving the base to rotate is provided at a corresponding position on the lifting mechanism, a connecting column is provided at the bottom of the base, a connecting cover is provided at the bottom of the connecting column, the soil taking assembly is detachably connected to the connecting column and the connecting cover, and a first electric push rod for driving the transmission rod to lift and lower is provided on the base.

[0011] Optionally, the top end faces of the soil sampling tube and the casing are respectively provided with a plurality of inner rods and outer rods, the corresponding positions of the connecting cover are provided with inner slots and outer slots cooperating with the inner rods and the outer rods, the bottom of the connecting column is provided with a connecting slot connected to the inner slot, the inner rod passes through the inner slot into the connecting slot and is movably connected to the connecting column, the connecting cover is provided with a connecting hole in the shape of a regular prism, a connecting rod matching its shape is slidably provided in the connecting hole, the top of the connecting rod is movably connected to the first electric push rod, and the bottom of the connecting rod is connected to the transmission rod.

[0012] Optionally, the leveling mechanism includes a leveling knife arranged obliquely, the blade of the leveling knife is at the lower end, and the blade of the leveling knife is lower than the bottom of the pulley.

[0013] Optionally, corresponding wheel grooves are provided on the two side walls of the leveling knife, a pulley is rotatably provided in the wheel groove, a circulating belt is provided between the two pulleys, a plurality of push plates are provided on the belt, a worm wheel connected to the pulley is coaxially provided on the pulley, a worm screw meshing with the two worm wheels is rotatably provided in the leveling knife, both ends of the worm screw are outside the leveling knife and coaxially provided with traveling wheels, the bottom of the traveling wheel is lower than the blade of the leveling knife, and the traveling wheel is covered with a plurality of convex teeth.

[0014] Optionally, a linear module is provided at the bottom of the base, a second electric push rod is vertically provided on the slide seat of the linear module, and the second electric push rod is connected to the higher end of the leveling knife.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: A detachable casing is arranged outside the soil sampling tube. During the soil sampling process, the soil outside the soil sampling area adheres to the casing. The casing is removed before the subsequent weighing and determination of the sample mass, thereby reducing or avoiding the measurement error caused by the soil adhesion making the sample mass higher than the actual value, so that the weighed soil sample mass is closer to the actual value; The surface of the roadbed is often uneven and has a thin layer of impurities. The leveling mechanism performs leveling before soil extraction, so that the top of the soil extraction area is flat, and the soil extraction area is closer to a cylindrical shape. The volume of the sample taken out is controllable and close to the actual value. The impurities on the top of the soil extraction area are eliminated to avoid the subsequent test results being affected by impurities. The equipment can carry out soil sampling operations in the construction area by itself. The operators only need to replace the soil sampling components. The operation is simple and the soil sampling efficiency is improved. The volume of the soil sample can be directly determined according to the embedding depth of the soil sampling components, which simplifies the volume measurement steps of the soil sample. Compared with manual operation, the operation of the equipment is not affected by human operation factors. The soil sampling depth of the soil sampling component can be adaptively adjusted. In addition to being used for soil sampling during compaction testing, it can also be used for soil sampling operations in other testing projects, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the soil barrel; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first driving rod and the second driving rod; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the leveling knife; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the pulley and belt structure; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the socket and the column structure; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil cutting knife in the soil cutting state; Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil cutter in a closed state.

[0018] Figure numerals: 1, base; 2, pulley; 3, screw; 4, sampling hole; 5, stabilizing frame; 6, bearing platform; 7, driving motor; 8, driving worm gear; 9, base; 10, connecting column; 101, connecting slot; 102, slide slot; 11, first electric push rod; 12, connecting cover; 121, outer slot; 122, inner slot; 13, casing; 131, outer plug rod; 14, soil sampling tube; 141, inner plug rod; 142, slot; 15, lifting rod; 16, spiral blade; 17, connecting rod; 171, socket; 18, connecting ring; 181, connecting block; 19, cutting Earth knife; 20, transmission rod; 21, clamping block; 22, sliding rod; 23, shifting block; 24, first driving rod; 241, worm section; 242, first bevel gear; 25, second driving rod; 251, second bevel gear; 26, lifting motor; 27, leveling knife; 28, walking wheel; 29, push piece; 30, worm wheel; 31, worm; 32, pulley; 33, wheel groove; 34, belt; 35, plug column; 351, connecting groove; 36, feed port; 361, first limit block; 362, second limit block; 37, bottom plate; 38, linear module; 39, second electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention discloses a sampling device for measuring soil physical properties, including a base 1, in which a battery is laid to provide energy for the operation of the construction equipment. A pulley 2 is rotatably provided at the bottom of the base 1, and a motor connected to the pulley 2 is also provided at the bottom of the base 1 as a driving source of the pulley 2.

[0023] A sampling hole 4 is provided in the middle of the base 1 , and four screw rods 3 arranged in a rectangular shape are provided on the base 1 outside the sampling hole 4 . The four screw rods 3 are vertically arranged at the four corners of the rectangle respectively.

[0024] A stabilizing frame 5 is provided at the top of the four screw rods 3 . The stabilizing frame 5 is a rectangular, circular or other annular integrated structure. The bottom of the stabilizing frame 5 is connected to the four screw rods 3 to enhance the structural stability between the four screw rods 3 .

[0025] A horizontally arranged bearing platform 6 is provided below the stabilizing frame 5 , and the bearing platform 6 is provided with four through holes for four screw rods 3 to pass through.

[0026] A driving ring is rotatably arranged in the through hole, and an inner wall of the driving ring is provided with an internal thread that matches the thread of the screw rod 3. A driving worm wheel 8 is coaxially connected to the driving ring at the top, and a through hole for the screw rod 3 to pass through is correspondingly arranged in the middle of the driving worm wheel 8.

[0027] Two first driving rods 24 are rotatably provided on the top of the carrying platform 6, and the two sides of the first driving rods 24 are respectively provided with worm segments 241 that can mesh with the driving worm gear 8, and the two ends of the first driving rods 24 are rotatably provided with supports connected to the carrying platform 6. The two first driving rods 24 are parallel to each other and arranged horizontally, and the worm segments 241 of the two first driving rods 24 are respectively meshed with the four driving worm gears 8 to realize transmission connection.

[0028] A lifting motor 26 is provided on the top of the carrying platform 6. The lifting motor 26 is a double-axis motor. The output shafts on both sides of the lifting motor 26 are coaxially connected to the second driving rod 25. The second driving rod 25 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the first driving rod 24. A second bevel gear 251 is coaxially provided at the end of the second driving rod 25, and a first bevel gear 242 meshing with the second bevel gear 251 is coaxially provided at the corresponding position on the first driving rod 24.

[0029] When the lifting motor 26 runs, the two second drive rods 25 rotate synchronously, and the two second drive rods 25 drive the two first drive rods 24 to rotate synchronously. The worm segments 241 on both sides of the two first drive rods 24 respectively drive the four drive worm wheels 8 to rotate synchronously. The four drive rings rotate synchronously and cooperate with the screw 3 thread to drive the carrying platform 6 to lift vertically.

[0030] A base 9 is rotatably provided at the bottom of the carrying platform 6, and a driving motor 7 is provided at the top of the carrying platform 6. The driving motor 7 is transmission-connected to the base 9 and drives it to rotate.

[0031] A soil collecting tube 14 detachably connected to the base 9 is provided below the base 9. The soil collecting tube 14 is cylindrical, and the bottom end of the soil collecting tube 14 is truncated cone-shaped with the end with a smaller diameter facing downward.

[0032] The outer wall of the soil-taking tube 14 is coaxially sleeved with a casing 13. The outer wall of the bottom end of the soil-taking tube 14 is provided with a circle of annular bosses that cooperate with the casing 13. The bosses and the soil-taking tube 14 are an integral structure, and the outer diameter of the bosses is the same as the outer diameter of the casing 13.

[0033] The top end face of the boss contacts the bottom end face of the casing 13. The ends of the boss and the casing 13 that contact each other are both adapted frustum-shaped with the smaller diameter end facing downward. A sealing gasket is provided on the end face of the boss, and soil cutting threads are provided on the outer walls of the boss and the casing 13.

[0034] The casing 13 is inserted from the upper part of the soil taking tube 14 until the bottom end surface of the casing 13 abuts against the sealing gasket. At this time, the casing 13 and the soil taking tube 14 form a cylindrical soil taking assembly. When the soil taking assembly is screwed into the soil to take soil, the soil cutting thread on its outer wall facilitates the soil taking assembly to be screwed into the soil.

[0035] A bottom plate 37 is provided inside the soil collecting barrel 14, and the bottom plate 37 is arranged horizontally, and there is a distance between the bottom plate 37 and the bottom end of the soil collecting barrel 14. The bottom plate 37 is provided with two feed ports 36 symmetrical about the center of the circle, and the feed ports 36 are strip-shaped and extend from the edge of the bottom plate 37 to the center of the bottom plate 37.

[0036] A soil cutter 19 is rotatably provided in the feed port 36. The soil cutter 19 is strip-shaped, and the width of the soil cutter 19 is adapted to the feed port 36. The soil cutter 19 is rotatably connected to one side wall of the feed port 36. A first limit block 361 is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the feed port 36 below the rotation connection, and a second limit block 362 matching the soil cutter 19 is provided at the top of the other side wall of the feed port 36. Both the first limit block 361 and the second limit block 362 are strip-shaped.

[0037] The soil cutter 19 has two states: soil cutting and closed. When the soil cutter 19 is in the soil cutting state, the soil cutter 19 rotates downward in the feed port 36 to be tilted, and the soil cutter 19 abuts against the first limit block 361. The blade height of the soil cutter 19 is not lower than the bottom end of the soil sampling tube 14. The projections of the blades of the two soil cutters 19 on the bottom plate 37 are on the same bottom plate 37 diameter, so that the cutting range of the blades of the two soil cutters 19 covers the entire internal cross section of the soil sampling tube 14. The soil cutter 19 cuts and samples the soil body as the soil sampling tube 14 rotates, and the sample enters the soil sampling tube 14 from the feed port 36. When the soil cutter 19 is in the closed state, the soil cutter 19 rotates upward in the feed port 36 to be horizontal, and the end of the soil cutter 19 abuts against the bottom of the second limit block 362. The soil cutter 19 closes the feed port 36 to prevent the sample in the soil sampling tube 14 from flowing out of the feed port 36.

[0038] A lifting rod 15 coaxial with the soil taking cylinder 14 is provided in the soil taking cylinder 14, and a spiral blade 16 is provided on the lifting rod 15. Two transmission rods 20 are provided at the bottom of the lifting rod 15, and the two transmission rods 20 are vertically arranged and symmetrical about the center of the circle of the bottom plate 37, and the two transmission rods 20 are respectively located above the two soil cutting knives 19. A slider is rotatably provided at the bottom of the transmission rod 20, and a slide rail slidably connected to the slider is provided on the soil cutting knives 19 below the slider, and the slide rail is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the soil cutting knives 19.

[0039] The lifting rod 15 is raised and lowered, and the transmission rod 20 is raised and lowered accordingly, and drives the slider to raise and lower. The slider drives the soil cutting knife 19 to rotate so that it switches between the soil cutting state and the closed state. During the rotation of the soil cutting knife 19, the slider slides adaptively on the slide rail.

[0040] A plurality of inner rods 141 are provided on the top end surface of the soil collecting barrel 14 . The inner rods 141 are parallel to the axial direction of the soil collecting barrel 14 . The plurality of inner rods 141 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the top end surface of the soil collecting barrel 14 .

[0041] A plurality of external rods 131 are disposed on the top end surface of the casing 13 . The external rods 131 are parallel to the axial direction of the casing 13 . The plurality of external rods 131 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the top end surface of the casing 13 .

[0042] A connecting cover 12 is provided on the top of the soil collecting tube 14 and the casing 13. An outer slot 121 cooperating with the outer plug rod 131 is provided at a corresponding position at the bottom of the connecting cover 12. The outer slot 121 extends upward from the bottom of the connecting cover 12 to the middle. An inner slot 122 cooperating with the inner plug rod 141 is provided at a corresponding position at the bottom of the connecting cover 12. The inner slot 122 penetrates the connecting cover 12.

[0043] A connecting column 10 connected to the base 9 is provided on the connecting cover 12 at the top of the inner slot 122 , and the connecting cover 12 is fixedly connected to the base 9 through the connecting column 10 .

[0044] A connecting slot 101 connected to the inner slot 122 is provided at the bottom of the connecting column 10, and the inner rod 141 enters the connecting slot 101 after passing through the inner slot 122. A sliding groove 102 is provided in the connecting column 10 on the side of the connecting slot 101, and a block 21 is slidably provided in the sliding groove 102, and the block 21 slides horizontally in the sliding groove 102. A sliding rod 22 connected to the block 21 is provided in the sliding groove 102, and the outer end of the sliding rod 22 slides out of the connecting column 10 and is connected to a pull block 23. A circle of limiting rings is provided at the outer end of the sliding groove 102, and a circle of limiting rings cooperating with the limiting rings is provided on the side of the block 21 away from the connecting slot 101. The limiting rings cooperate with the limiting rings to limit the block 21, so that the block 21 will not completely slide out of the sliding groove 102. A spring is provided on the outside of the sliding rod 22 in the sliding groove 102, and the two ends of the spring are respectively against the block 21 and the inner end of the sliding groove 102.

[0045] Under the elastic force of the spring, the block 21 is pushed toward the outer end of the slide slot 102, at which time the limit ring abuts against the limit ring, and a portion of the block 21 is in the connection slot 101. The shifting block 23 is shifted outward, the slide bar 22 slides outward, and the block 21 slides into the slide slot 102 along with the slide bar 22, and the block 21 is no longer in the connection slot 101.

[0046] The bottom of the block 21 is a sloped structure, and the top of the inner rod 141 is also provided with a sloped structure adapted thereto. A slot 142 cooperating with the block 21 is provided at a corresponding position on the side wall of the inner rod 141 .

[0047] After the casing 13 is sleeved on the outside of the soil extraction tube 14, the casing 13 and the soil extraction tube 14 are installed into the bottom of the connection cover 12, and the inner plug rod 141 passes through the inner slot 122 and the connection slot 101 in sequence, and the outer plug rod 131 is inserted into the outer slot 121. When the inner plug rod 141 is inserted into the connection slot 101, the inclined surface at the top of the inner plug rod 141 cooperates with the inclined surface at the bottom of the block 21, and the block 21 is pushed into the slide groove 102. As the inner plug rod 141 continues to be inserted into the connection slot 101, the slot 142 on the inner plug rod 141 moves to the block 21. Under the elastic force of the spring, the block 21 is pushed into the slot 142, so that the connection slot 101 is engaged with the inner plug rod 141, and the top end face of the soil extraction tube 14 is against the bottom of the connection cover 12, so that the soil extraction tube 14 and the connection cover 12 are fixedly connected, and the casing 13 is clamped by the connection cover 12 and the boss to achieve fixation.

[0048] A connecting rod 17 is coaxially provided at the top of the lifting rod 15. The connecting rod 17 is in the shape of a regular prism. A connecting hole matching the connecting rod 17 is provided at a corresponding position on the connecting cover 12. The connecting hole is in the shape of a regular prism matching the connecting rod 17. A first electric push rod 11 is provided at the bottom of the base 9 above the connecting hole. A cylindrical plug column 35 is provided at the bottom of the first electric push rod 11. A cylindrical plug hole 171 matching the plug column 35 is provided at the top of the connecting rod 17. A connecting ring 18 is rotatably provided at the top of the connecting rod 17. The connecting ring 18 is coaxial with the plug hole 171. The inner diameter of the connecting ring 18 is not less than the inner diameter of the plug hole 171. Four connecting grooves 351 are provided on the side wall of the plug column 35. Four connecting blocks 181 matching the connecting grooves 351 are provided at corresponding positions on the inner wall of the connecting ring 18.

[0049] When the plug post 35 is connected to the socket 171 at the top of the connecting rod 17, the connecting ring 18 is rotated to align the positions of the four connecting blocks 181 with the four connecting grooves 351 respectively. When the plug post 35 passes through the connecting ring 18 during the insertion of the socket 171, the connecting block 181 slides through the connecting groove 351. After the plug post 35 is fully inserted into the socket 171, the connecting ring 18 is rotated to misalign the connecting block 181 with the connecting groove 351. The connecting block 181 rests on the top of the plug post 35, and the plug post 35 is fixed in the socket 171. The first electric push rod 11 completes the connection with the connecting rod 17, and the first electric push rod 11 can drive the connecting rod 17 and the lifting rod 15 to rise and fall.

[0050] When the plug post 35 is disconnected from the insertion hole 171 at the top end of the connecting rod 17 , the connecting ring 18 is rotated to align the connecting block 181 with the connecting groove 351 , and the plug post 35 can be pulled out from the insertion hole 171 .

[0051] A leveling mechanism and a driving source for driving the leveling mechanism to move in both directions are provided at the bottom of the base 1. After the driving source drives the leveling mechanism to descend to the sampling ground, it drives the leveling mechanism to slide so that the leveling mechanism levels the sampling ground.

[0052] The leveling mechanism includes a leveling knife 27 arranged obliquely, the blade of the leveling knife 27 is at the lower end, and the higher end of the leveling knife 27 is connected to the driving source of the leveling mechanism. Wheel grooves 33 are provided on both sides of the leveling knife 27 in corresponding positions, and pulleys 32 are rotatably provided in the wheel grooves 33. A belt 34 that circulates in a direction parallel to the blade of the leveling knife 27 is provided between the two pulleys 32, and a plurality of push pieces 29 are provided on the belt 34 at equal intervals. A worm wheel 30 connected to the pulley 32 is coaxially provided, and a worm 31 meshing with the two worm wheels 30 is rotatably provided in the leveling knife 27, and the two ends of the worm 31 extend out of the leveling knife 27, respectively, and running wheels 28 are coaxially provided at the two ends of the worm 31, and the bottom of the running wheel 28 is lower than the blade of the lower end of the leveling knife 27, and the running wheel 28 is covered with a plurality of convex teeth.

[0053] When the leveling mechanism moves on the sampling ground, the walking wheel 28 contacts the sampling ground, and the rolling of the walking wheel 28 drives the worm 31 to rotate, and the worm 31 drives the two worm wheels 30 to rotate, and the two pulleys 32 rotate accordingly to drive the belt 34 to circulate, and the push piece 29 on the belt 34 circulates accordingly. When the leveling knife 27 moves, the soil impurities scooped up by the blade move toward the higher end of the leveling knife 27, and the push piece 29 pushes these soil impurities to one side of the leveling knife 27, so that the soil impurities enter the side of the sampling ground, preventing the scooped soil impurities from falling into the sampling ground along the higher end of the leveling knife 27.

[0054] The driving source of the leveling mechanism includes a linear module 38 disposed at the bottom of the base 1. A second electric push rod 39 is disposed on the slide seat (actuator) of the linear module 38. The second electric push rod 39 is vertically disposed and connected to the higher end of the leveling knife 27. During leveling, the second electric push rod 39 pushes the leveling knife 27 downward, so that the blade of the leveling knife 27 is lower than the bottom of the pulley 2, and the walking wheel 28 contacts the sampling ground. The linear module 38 drives the second electric push rod 39 to drive the leveling knife 27 to move horizontally to level the ground.

[0055] Before the operation is carried out, the casing 13 is sleeved on the outside of the soil taking tube 14 to form a soil taking assembly, the soil taking assembly is plugged into the connecting column 10, the connecting rod 17 is plugged into the first electric push rod 11, and the first electric push rod 11 drives the connecting rod 17 to drive the lifting rod 15 to descend, so that the soil cutting knife 19 is in a soil cutting state.

[0056] When the present invention is in operation, the pulley 2 drives the equipment to move to the sampling ground, the second electric push rod 39 drives the leveling knife 27 to descend, and the linear module 38 drives the leveling knife 27 to slide over the sampling ground below the sampling hole 4. The leveling knife 27 shovels up a layer of uneven soil impurities on the surface of the sampling ground, and the soil impurities are pushed to one side by the push piece 29 to prevent the shoveled soil impurities from falling on the sampling ground below the sampling hole 4. After the leveling knife 27 slides over, the sampling ground is flat and most of the soil impurities on the surface are shoveled away. The lifting motor 26 runs, the carrying platform 6 descends, driving the soil barrel 14 to descend, and the soil barrel 14 passes through the sampling hole 4 and enters the sampling ground. The driving motor 7 is running, so that the soil sampling tube 14 and the casing 13 are rotated while descending, and the connecting rod 17 on the lifting rod 15 and the connecting hole on the connecting cover 12 are in the shape of a regular prism. The connecting cover 12 rotates to drive the connecting rod 17 to rotate, and the lifting rod 15 rotates accordingly to drive the spiral blade 16 to rotate synchronously with the soil sampling tube 14. The soil sample enters the soil sampling tube 14 under the cutting of the soil cutting knife 19 and moves to the upper part of the soil sampling tube 14 with the spiral blade 16. Since the blade height of the soil cutting knife 19 is not lower than the bottom end of the soil sampling tube 14, the bottom end of the soil sampling tube 14 is first screwed into the soil body to a certain depth, and the soil cutting knife 19 then cuts the soil body. At this time, the soil body cut by the soil cutting knife 19 is in the soil sampling tube 14, which reduces or avoids the collapse of the surrounding soil body when the soil cutting knife 19 cuts the soil body, resulting in inaccurate sampling. After the carrying platform 6 is lowered to a certain height, the soil sampling tube 14 is embedded in the soil to a certain depth and the sampling is completed. The first electric push rod 11 drives the connecting rod 17 to drive the lifting rod 15 to rise, the lifting rod 15 drives the transmission rod 20 to rise, and the transmission rod 20 drives the soil cutter 19 to rotate so that it is in a closed state in the feed port 36, and the sample is left in the soil sampling tube 14. The lifting motor 26 drives the carrying platform 6 to rise, and the soil sampling tube 14 and the casing 13 rise and leave the soil sampling ground until they pass through the sampling hole 4.

[0057] After the operation is completed, the present invention disconnects the connection between the soil sampling assembly and the connecting column 10, disconnects the connection between the connecting rod 17 and the first electric push rod 11, removes the soil sampling assembly, removes the casing 13 outside the soil sampling tube 14, cleans some residual soil at the bottom of the soil sampling tube 14, measures the volume and mass of the soil sample, and takes out the soil sample in the soil sampling tube 14 for other soil detection and analysis.

[0058] The volume of soil samples was measured as follows: When the soil sampling tube 14 is above the sampling hole 4, it is in the initial position, and the height is A; The position of the soil sampling tube 14 when it descends and embeds into the soil to complete sampling is the sampling position, and the height is B; When the leveling knife 27 is lowered and is ready to level the sampling ground, the height of the blade of the leveling knife 27 is C; The inner radius of the soil extraction tube 14 is r; The volume of the soil sample is V, then V=[AB-(AC)]·πr²=(CB)·πr², where, except for B, the others are fixed values. B is determined by the soil sampling depth. Therefore, after completing the soil sampling, the volume V of the soil sample can be directly calculated based on B.

[0059] The mass of soil samples was measured as follows: The mass of the soil collecting tube 14 and its internal components is m1, wherein the internal components of the soil collecting tube 14 include a lifting rod 15, a connecting rod 17, and a spiral blade 16; After the soil sampling is completed, the mass of the soil sampling tube 14, the soil sample and its internal components is m2; The mass of the soil sample is m, then m=m2-m1, where m1 is a fixed value.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: A detachable casing 13 is arranged outside the soil sampling tube 14. During the soil sampling process, the soil outside the soil sampling area adheres to the casing 13. The casing 13 is removed before the subsequent weighing and determination of the sample mass, thereby reducing or avoiding the measurement error caused by the soil adhesion making the sample mass higher than the actual value, so that the weighed soil sample mass is closer to the actual value; The surface of the roadbed is often uneven and has a thin layer of impurities. The leveling mechanism performs leveling before soil extraction, so that the top of the soil extraction area is flat, and the soil extraction area is closer to a cylindrical shape. The volume of the sample taken out is controllable and close to the actual value. The impurities on the top of the soil extraction area are eliminated to avoid the subsequent test results being affected by impurities. The equipment can carry out soil sampling operations in the construction area by itself. The operators only need to replace the soil sampling components. The operation is simple and the soil sampling efficiency is improved. The volume of the soil sample can be directly determined according to the embedding depth of the soil sampling components, which simplifies the volume measurement steps of the soil sample. Compared with manual operation, the operation of the equipment is not affected by human operation factors. The soil sampling depth of the soil sampling component can be adaptively adjusted. In addition to being used for soil sampling during compaction testing, it can also be used for soil sampling operations in other testing projects, and has a wide range of applications.

[0061] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without creative work should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for measuring soil physical properties, characterized in that: include: Pedestal; A plurality of pulleys are rotatably disposed at the bottom of the base; The soil excavation assembly is arranged above the base and includes: The soil collecting tube is cylindrical; The casing is cylindrical and coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the soil barrel; A bottom plate is provided at the bottom of the soil collecting tube; A feed inlet is provided on the bottom plate and extends from the edge of the bottom plate to the center of the bottom plate; A soil cutting knife is rotatably arranged in the feed inlet; The transmission rod is escalably arranged in the soil taking barrel, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is connected to the soil cutting knife; Among them, the base is provided with a lifting mechanism and a rotating mechanism for driving the soil-taking component to lift and rotate, and the bottom of the base is provided with a leveling mechanism that can move in both directions.

2. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting rod which can be raised and lowered is coaxially arranged in the soil taking cylinder, a spiral blade is arranged on the lifting rod, and the transmission rod is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting rod.

3. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two feed ports are provided on the bottom plate, and the two feed ports are symmetrical about the center of the bottom plate. Two transmission rods are provided at the bottom of the lifting rod, which are symmetrical about the center of the bottom plate. A slider is rotatably provided at the bottom of the transmission rod. A sliding rail is provided on the soil cutting knife below the slider, and the sliding rail is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the soil cutting knife.

4. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a bearing platform arranged above the base, the soil taking assembly is connected to the bearing platform, at least two through holes are arranged on the bearing platform, screws passing through the through holes are arranged at corresponding positions on the base, a driving ring which cooperates with the screw thread is rotatably arranged in the through hole, and a lifting motor which drives multiple driving rings to rotate synchronously is arranged on the bearing platform.

5. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bearing platform is provided with four through holes arranged in a rectangular shape, the top of the driving ring is provided with a driving worm gear coaxially connected thereto, two first driving rods are rotatably provided on the top of the bearing platform, both sides of the first driving rods respectively have worm segments that can mesh with the driving worm gear, and the worm segments of the two first driving rods are respectively meshed with the four driving worm gears, the lifting motor is a double-axis motor, the output shafts on both sides of the lifting motor are respectively coaxially connected with the second driving rod, the end of the second driving rod is coaxially provided with a second bevel gear, and the corresponding positions on the two first driving rods are coaxially provided with first bevel gears meshing with the second bevel gear.

6. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a base rotatably arranged on the lifting mechanism, a driving motor for driving the base to rotate is arranged at a corresponding position on the lifting mechanism, a connecting column is arranged at the bottom of the base, a connecting cover is arranged at the bottom of the connecting column, the soil taking assembly is detachably connected to the connecting column and the connecting cover, and a first electric push rod for driving the transmission rod to rise and fall is arranged on the base.

7. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top end surfaces of the soil-taking barrel and the casing are respectively provided with a plurality of inner rods and outer rods, the corresponding positions of the connecting cover are provided with inner slots and outer slots cooperating with the inner rods and the outer rods, the bottom of the connecting column is provided with a connecting slot connected with the inner slot, the inner rod passes through the inner slot into the connecting slot and is movably connected with the connecting column, the connecting cover is provided with a connecting hole in the shape of a regular prism, a connecting rod matching its shape is slidably provided in the connecting hole, the top of the connecting rod is movably connected with the first electric push rod, and the bottom of the connecting rod is connected with the transmission rod.

8. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling mechanism comprises a leveling knife which is arranged obliquely, the blade of the leveling knife is at the lower end, and the blade of the leveling knife is lower than the bottom of the pulley.

9. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two side walls of the leveling knife are provided with corresponding wheel grooves, a pulley is rotatably provided in the wheel groove, a circulating belt is provided between the two pulleys, a plurality of push plates are provided on the belt, a worm wheel connected to the pulley is coaxially provided on the pulley, a worm screw meshing with the two worm wheels is rotatably provided in the leveling knife, both ends of the worm screw are outside the leveling knife and coaxially provided with traveling wheels, the bottom of the traveling wheel is lower than the blade of the leveling knife, and the traveling wheel is covered with a plurality of convex teeth.

10. The sampling device for measuring soil physical properties according to claim 9, characterized in that: A linear module is provided at the bottom of the base, a second electric push rod is vertically provided on the slide seat of the linear module, and the second electric push rod is connected to the higher end of the leveling knife.

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