Gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon concentration monitoring, in particular to a gas carbon concentration monitoring system and method. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system comprises a busbar group, a gas concentration analyzer, a first suction pump, a second suction pump and a plurality of groups of input assemblies, gas to be detected enters the monitoring system after being subjected to two-stage filtration, and meanwhile, particulate matters are prevented from entering the monitoring system and the gas concentration analyzer along with a pipeline joint; therefore, before entering the gas concentration analyzer, the gas enters the gas concentration analyzer through the three-stage filtering unit, so that the monitoring precision of the gas concentration analyzer is improved. And the plurality of groups of input assemblies are arranged, and the third suction pumps in the plurality of groups of input assemblies can be sequentially arranged in the vertical height, so that the accuracy of the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the gas in the detected area can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon concentration monitoring, and in particular to a gas carbon concentration monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] The detection of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations is of great significance in many fields such as environmental protection, industrial production, and medical health. However, the CH4 or CO2 concentration detection devices and methods in the prior art generally face the problem of low detection accuracy, which greatly limits their application effects in related fields.

[0003] At present, the detection of CH4 and CO2 concentrations mainly relies on a variety of sensor technologies such as optics, electrochemistry, and gas chromatography. Although these technologies can achieve quantitative measurement of concentrations to a certain extent, in actual applications, due to interference from various factors, the detection accuracy is often difficult to reach the ideal level, especially the World Meteorological Organization / Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO / GAW) standard (CH4 and CO2 concentration accuracy must be 1.5ppb and 0.1ppm respectively).

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas carbon concentration monitoring system with high detection accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a gas carbon concentration monitoring system and a monitoring method, which solve the technical problem of low detection accuracy of CH4 or CO2 in the gas.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention provides a gas carbon concentration monitoring system, comprising a bus group, a gas concentration analyzer, a first suction pump, a second suction pump, a second valve and multiple groups of input components; each group of input components comprises a third suction pump, a primary filter unit, a secondary filter unit, a buffer bottle and a first valve connected in sequence; the air inlets of the third suction pumps in the multiple groups of input components are arranged in sequence in vertical height to suck gases at different heights; the first air outlets of the first valves in the multiple groups of input components are all connected to the air inlet of the bus group, and the air outlet of the bus group is connected to the first suction pump; the second air outlets of the first valves in the multiple groups of input components are all connected to the air inlet of the gas concentration analyzer through the second valve and then through the tertiary filter unit, and the air outlet of the gas concentration analyzer is connected to the second suction pump; the filtration accuracy of the primary filter unit, the secondary filter unit and the tertiary filter unit increases in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the primary filter unit includes a cylinder, a spiral blade and a filter element; a test gas inlet is provided on one side of the outer wall of the cylinder, the test gas inlet is connected to the third suction pump, a dust-containing gas outlet is provided at the bottom end of the cylinder, and an air flow channel is formed in the cylinder and between the test gas inlet and the dust-containing gas outlet, the spiral blade is arranged in the cylinder and one end is abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder so that particulate matter in the incoming air can slide along the spiral blade to the dust-containing gas outlet; the filter element is located in the cylinder and the bottom end extends out of the cylinder to form a clean gas outlet, the clean gas outlet is connected to the secondary filter unit, and a plurality of groups of filter holes are provided on the outer wall of the filter element.

[0011] Preferably, the filter element is a cylindrical structure, and the top end of the filter element is conical; the bottom end of the filter element is open to form a dust-containing gas outlet.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of spiral shielding plates are provided on the outer wall of the filter element; the plurality of spiral shielding plates are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of groups of filter holes, and are located above the filter hole groups; the inclination direction of the spiral shielding plates is consistent with the inclination direction of the spiral plates, and a gap is provided between the spiral shielding plates and the spiral plates in the radial direction.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the cylinder is an inverted cone structure.

[0014] Preferably, the gas concentration analyzer includes a laser light source module, a closed-circuit optical cavity module, a signal detection and processing module and an Internet of Things module; the laser light source module is used to generate a laser light beam for measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured and enter the closed-circuit optical cavity module; the closed-circuit optical cavity module is used to make the laser light beam interact with the gas to be measured and generate an optical signal; the signal detection and processing module is used to receive the optical signal after the laser light beam interacts with the gas to be measured, and convert it into an electrical signal and collect, process and analyze the electrical signal, obtain the concentration information of the gas to be measured after processing and analysis, and send the gas concentration information to the Internet of Things module; the Internet of Things module is used to communicate and interact with other smart devices.

[0015] Preferably, the laser light source module comprises a white noise source, a laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier connected.

[0016] Preferably, the first valve is a three-way solenoid valve.

[0017] Preferably, three sets of input components are included.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring gas carbon concentration, which uses the above-mentioned gas carbon concentration monitoring system to perform monitoring through the following steps:

[0019] S1. Collect the gas to be tested at different heights through multiple sets of input components;

[0020] S2, the gas to be tested enters the primary filter unit for primary filtration, and then enters the secondary filter unit for secondary filtration;

[0021] S3, the gas to be tested after secondary filtration enters the buffer bottle to filter out the interference of instantaneous concentration changes on the monitoring signal of the gas concentration analyzer;

[0022] S4, the first gas outlets of the first valves in the multiple groups of input components are all connected to the bus group, the first suction pump is turned on, and the gas to be tested in the multiple groups of input components enters the bus group and is discharged into the atmosphere;

[0023] S5. When the gas concentration analyzer monitors the gas to be tested in any one of the multiple groups of input components, the first air outlet of the first valve in the monitored input component is closed, the second air outlet of the first valve is opened, and the second suction pump is turned on. The gas to be tested passes through the three-stage filtration unit and then enters the gas concentration analyzer for CH4 or CO2 concentration monitoring.

[0024] (III) Beneficial effects

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention includes a busbar group, a gas concentration analyzer, a first suction pump, a second suction pump and multiple groups of input components. Since each group of input components includes a third suction pump, a primary filter unit, a secondary filter unit, a buffer bottle and a first valve connected in sequence, the gas to be tested enters the monitoring system after two-stage filtration. Since the gas concentration analyzer is a precision instrument, in order to avoid particulate matter from entering the monitoring system and entering the gas concentration analyzer through the pipeline connection, the gas to be tested passes through the third-stage filter unit before entering the gas concentration analyzer, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the gas concentration analyzer. At the same time, since multiple groups of input components are provided, the third suction pumps in the multiple groups of input components can be arranged in sequence in vertical height, which can further improve the accuracy of the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the gas in the measured area. And since a busbar group is provided, when it is necessary to monitor the gas to be tested, the opening and closing of the first valve is changed, so that the gas to be tested flowing into the busbar group directly enters the gas concentration analyzer, shortening the gas path and improving the monitoring efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the middle level filtration unit;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas concentration analyzer;

[0030] Figure 4 The Allan variance analysis results when the gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention is used to monitor the CH4 concentration (where the optimal accuracy of the measured CH4 concentration reaches 1.12ppb);

[0031] Figure 5 This is the Allan variance analysis result when the gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention is used to monitor the CO2 concentration (where the optimal accuracy of the actual measurement of CO2 concentration reaches 0.46ppm).

[0032] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0033] 1: the third suction pump; 2: the primary filter unit; 21: the cylinder; 22: the spiral sheet; 23: the filter element; 231: the filter hole group; 24: the inlet of the gas to be tested; 25: the outlet of the dusty gas; 26: the outlet of the clean gas; 27: the spiral shielding sheet; 3: the secondary filter unit; 4: the buffer bottle; 5: the first valve; 6: the bus group; 7: the second valve; 8: the gas concentration analyzer; 9: the first suction pump; 10: the second suction pump; 11: the third filter unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gas carbon concentration monitoring system, which includes a bus group 6, a gas concentration analyzer 8, a first suction pump 9, a second suction pump 10, a second valve 7 and multiple groups of input components. In this embodiment, three groups of input components are included. Of course, the number of input components can be set according to the actual size of the required measurement area.

[0037] Among them, each group of input components includes a third suction pump 1, a primary filter unit 2, a secondary filter unit 3, a buffer bottle 4 and a first valve 5 connected in sequence. The air inlet of the third suction pump 1 in multiple groups of input components is arranged in sequence in vertical height to suck gas at different heights. The gas to be tested enters the monitoring system after two-stage filtration. The first air outlet of each first valve 5 in multiple groups of input components is connected to the air inlet of the bus group 6, and the air outlet of the bus group 6 is connected to the first suction pump 9. The second air outlet of the first valve 5 in multiple groups of input components is connected to the same second valve 7, and then connected to the air inlet of the gas concentration analyzer 8 after passing through the third filter unit 11. The air outlet of the gas concentration analyzer 8 is connected to the second suction pump 10. The filtering accuracy of the primary filter unit 2, the secondary filter unit 3 and the third filter unit 11 increases in sequence. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the gas concentration analyzer 8 is used to monitor the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the area to be tested. The first valve 5 is a three-way solenoid valve, and the second valve 7 is a four-way valve.

[0038] Since the gas concentration analyzer 8 is a precision instrument, in order to prevent particulate matter from entering the monitoring system and the gas concentration analyzer 8 through the pipeline connection, the particulate matter passes through the three-stage filtration unit 11 before entering the gas concentration analyzer 8, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0039] At the same time, since multiple groups of input components are provided, the third suction pumps 1 in the multiple groups of input components can be arranged in sequence in the vertical height to form gradient sampling, which can further improve the accuracy of the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the gas in the measured area. And since the busbar group 6 is provided, when it is necessary to monitor the gas to be measured, the opening and closing of the first valve 5 is changed, so that the gas to be measured flowing into the busbar group 6 directly enters the gas concentration analyzer 8, shortening the gas path, improving the monitoring efficiency, and ensuring smooth airflow without accumulation in the monitoring system.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the primary filter unit 2 includes a cylinder 21, a spiral sheet 22 and a filter element 23. A test gas inlet 24 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the cylinder 21, and the test gas inlet 24 is connected to the third suction pump 1. A dust-containing gas outlet 25 is provided at the bottom end of the cylinder 21. An air flow channel is formed in the cylinder 21 and between the test gas inlet 24 and the dust-containing gas outlet 25. Due to the action of centrifugal force, most of the particles in the test gas rotate to the inner wall of the cylinder 21. Since the spiral sheet 22 is arranged in the cylinder 21 and one end is close to the inner wall of the cylinder 21, large particles in the incoming air collide with the inner wall of the cylinder 21 and slide down to the dust-containing gas outlet 25 along the spiral sheet 22 due to gravity. The filter element 23 is located in the cylinder 21 and the bottom end extends out of the cylinder 21 to form a clean gas outlet 26. The clean gas outlet 26 is connected to the secondary filter unit 3. A plurality of filter hole groups 231 are provided on the outer wall of the filter element 23. The gas to be tested enters the cylinder 21 through the gas inlet 24, wherein the third suction pump 1 is used to suck the gas to be tested into the primary filtration unit 2, and the second suction pump 10 / the third suction pump 1 is used to suck the filtered clean air into the atmosphere / gas concentration analyzer 8, and the suction pumps on both sides cooperate to ensure the reliability of the circulation of the gas to be tested in the system.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the gas to be tested enters the cylinder 21, the particles in the air slide along the spiral blade 22 to the dust-containing gas outlet 25. In order to prevent some particles from falling along the inner part of the spiral blade 22 to the middle part of the cylinder 21, that is, falling to the top of the filter 23 to cause particle accumulation, the filter 23 is a cylindrical structure, and the top of the filter 23 is conical, and the bottom of the filter 23 is open to form the dust-containing gas outlet 25. The top of the filter 23 is conical to facilitate the particles to fall from the dust-containing gas outlet 25, wherein, after the particles in the gas to be tested are partially filtered, they are filtered again through the filter hole group 231 on the filter 23 to ensure the reliability of the filtration.

[0042] In order to further prevent the particles sliding down the inner side of the spiral sheet 22 from entering the filter hole group 231, a plurality of spiral shielding sheets 27 are provided on the outer wall of the filter element 23. The plurality of spiral shielding sheets 27 are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of filter hole groups 231 and are located above the filter hole groups 231. The inclination direction of the spiral shielding sheets 27 is consistent with the inclination direction of the spiral sheet 22. In order to allow the particles in the cylinder 21 to slide out smoothly along the spiral sheet 22, the lower end of the cylinder 21 is an inverted cone structure.

[0043] Through the structure of the primary filter unit 2 in this embodiment, the structure is compact and can realize dust removal of the gas to be tested, and effectively realize the separation of particles larger than 10μm. A secondary filter unit 3 is set at the rear end of the primary filter unit 2, which can effectively realize the separation of particles larger than 7μm. A buffer bottle 4 is set at the rear end of the secondary filter. The gas passes through the buffer bottle 4 to filter out the interference of instantaneous changes in concentration on the observation signal, ensuring that a stable concentration value is observed. Most of the existing atmospheric carbon concentration observation equipment does not have primary filtration, that is, a primary filter unit 2, or only uses a filter screen as the primary filtration, and only filters through the filter screen, but the filter screen is easily blocked, which increases the replacement frequency of the filter screen. At the same time, the filtering effect is not good through the filter screen, which is easy to reduce the detection accuracy of the gas concentration in the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the gas concentration analyzer 8 includes a laser light source module, a closed-circuit optical cavity module, a signal detection and processing module, and an Internet of Things module. Among them, the laser light source module is used to generate a laser beam for measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured and enter the closed-circuit optical cavity module, the closed-circuit optical cavity module is used to make the laser beam interact with the gas to be measured and generate an optical signal, the signal detection and processing module is used to receive the optical signal after the laser beam interacts with the gas to be measured, and convert it into an electrical signal and collect and process and analyze the electrical signal, obtain the concentration information of the gas to be measured after processing and analysis, and send the gas concentration information to the Internet of Things module, which is used to communicate and interact with other smart devices. And the laser light source module includes a connected white noise source, a laser, and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).

[0045] Among them, the closed-circuit optical cavity module adopts off-axis integrating cavity technology, which is a high-sensitivity absorption spectroscopy technology developed based on the Bill-Lambert theorem. Its core idea is to use an optical cavity composed of two high-reflectivity mirrors to increase the absorption optical path. The off-axis integrating cavity requires fine adjustment of the incident angle and position of the laser to suppress cavity mode noise.

[0046] However, due to the stability of the mechanical structure, it is often impossible to achieve an effective noise suppression effect for a long time. The origin of cavity mode noise is the optical interference effect, which is closely related to the wavelength of the laser. Therefore, in this embodiment, a white noise source is superimposed on the driving current of the laser, so that the wavelength of the laser is modulated by the noise signal in a small range, destroying the interference effect, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing cavity mode noise. However, the superimposed noise signal will modulate the output light intensity of the laser while modulating the wavelength, thereby increasing the intensity noise of the laser, thereby increasing the noise of the output signal of the photodetector, and reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal, and the detection sensitivity of this system is proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. Therefore, in this embodiment, a semiconductor optical amplifier is also connected to the tail end of the laser, and the saturation working characteristics of the semiconductor optical amplifier are utilized to pass the output laser beam through a high-gain semiconductor optical amplifier so that it works in the saturation region, and the laser intensity noise in the saturation region will be suppressed, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal and improving the detection sensitivity of the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0047] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to monitor the temperature in the closed-circuit optical cavity module, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the off-axis integrating cavity of the proportional optical cavity module.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] The present invention provides a method for monitoring carbon concentration in gas, which uses the carbon concentration monitoring system in the first embodiment to perform monitoring through the following steps:

[0050] S1. Collect the gas to be tested at different heights through multiple sets of input components;

[0051] S2, the gas to be tested enters the primary filter unit 2 for primary filtration, and then enters the secondary filter unit 3 for secondary filtration;

[0052] S3, the gas to be tested after secondary filtration enters the buffer bottle 4, filtering out the interference of instantaneous concentration changes on the monitoring signal of the gas concentration analyzer 8;

[0053] S4, the first gas outlets of the first valves 5 in the multiple input components are all connected to the busbar group 6, the first suction pump 9 is turned on, and the gas to be tested in the multiple input components enters the busbar group 6 and is then discharged into the atmosphere;

[0054] S5. When the gas concentration analyzer 8 monitors the gas to be tested in any one of the multiple input components, the first gas outlet of the first valve 5 in the monitored input component is closed, the second gas outlet of the first valve 5 is opened, and the second suction pump 10 is turned on. The gas to be tested passes through the three-stage filtration unit 11 and enters the gas concentration analyzer 8 for CH4 or CO2 concentration monitoring;

[0055] S6. After the gases to be tested in multiple groups of input components are monitored by a gas concentration analyzer, the CH4 or CO2 concentration in the area is averaged and calculated to ensure the accuracy of concentration monitoring.

[0056] Through the monitoring method of this embodiment, by arranging the third suction pumps 1 in multiple groups of input components in sequence in vertical height to form gradient sampling, the accuracy of the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the gas in the measured area can be improved.

[0057] The structure of the primary filter unit 2 can realize dust removal of the gas to be tested, and effectively realize the separation of particles larger than 10μm. The secondary filter unit 3 is set at the rear end of the primary filter unit 2, which can effectively realize the separation of particles larger than 7μm. The buffer bottle 4 is set at the rear end of the secondary filter. The gas passes through the buffer bottle 4 to filter out the interference of instantaneous concentration changes on the observation signal, ensuring that a stable concentration value is observed.

[0058] At the same time, since the laser light source module in the gas concentration analyzer 8 includes a connected white noise source, a laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier, the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal is improved, thereby improving the monitoring sensitivity of the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0059] Through the coordination of the above-mentioned settings, the monitoring accuracy of CH4 or CO2 concentration of the gas carbon concentration monitoring method is comprehensively improved.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the Allan variance analysis results when the CH4 concentration is monitored using the gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method in this application, wherein the optimal measurement accuracy of the CH4 concentration reaches 0.016ppb, and the stable time reaches 1000s. The CH4 original measurement data is averaged for 20s, and the standard deviation (1σ) is calculated by statistical methods as the accuracy index of the actual measurement, and the CH4 concentration accuracy reaches 1.12ppb@20s.

[0061] like Figure 5 The figure shows the Allan variance analysis results when the CO2 concentration is monitored using the gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method of the present application, where the CO2 concentration has the best measured accuracy of 0.001ppm and the stable time reaches 1700s. The CO2 original measurement data is averaged for 20s, and the standard deviation (1σ) is calculated using statistical methods as the accuracy index of the actual measurement, and the CO2 concentration accuracy reaches 0.46ppm@20s.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when a first feature is “on” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, when a first feature is “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. When a first feature is “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature, it may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas carbon concentration monitoring system, characterized in that: It comprises a busbar group (6), a gas concentration analyzer (8), a first suction pump (9), a second suction pump (10), a second valve (7) and a plurality of input components; Each group of the input components comprises a third suction pump (1), a primary filter unit (2), a secondary filter unit (3), a buffer bottle (4) and a first valve (5) which are connected in sequence; The gas inlets of the third suction pumps (1) in the plurality of groups of the input components are arranged in sequence in vertical height to suck gas at different heights; The first air outlets of the first valves (5) in the plurality of groups of input components are all connected to the air inlets of the busbar group (6), and the air outlets of the busbar group (6) are connected to the first suction pump (9); The second gas outlets of the first valves (5) in the plurality of groups of the input components are all connected to the gas inlet of the gas concentration analyzer (8) through the second valve (7) and then through the three-stage filtering unit (11), and the gas outlet of the gas concentration analyzer (8) is connected to the second suction pump (10); The filtering accuracies of the primary filtering unit (2), the secondary filtering unit (3) and the tertiary filtering unit (11) increase in sequence.

2. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary filtering unit (2) comprises a cylinder (21), a spiral sheet (22) and a filtering element (23); A test gas inlet (24) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the cylinder (21), the test gas inlet (24) is connected to the third suction pump (1), a dust-containing gas outlet (25) is provided at the bottom end of the cylinder (21), an air flow channel is formed in the cylinder (21) and between the test gas inlet (24) and the dust-containing gas outlet (25), the spiral blade (22) is arranged in the cylinder (21) and one end of the spiral blade is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder (21) so that particles in the incoming air slide along the spiral blade (22) to the dust-containing gas outlet (25); The filter element (23) is located in the cylinder (21) and its bottom end extends out of the cylinder (21) to form a clean gas outlet (26); the clean gas outlet (26) is connected to the secondary filter unit (3); and a plurality of groups of filter holes (231) are provided on the outer wall of the filter element (23).

3. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter element (23) is a cylindrical structure, and the top end of the filter element (23) is conical; The bottom end opening of the filter element (23) forms the dust-laden gas outlet (25).

4. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of spiral shielding sheets (27) are provided on the outer wall of the filter element (23); A plurality of spiral shielding sheets (27) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of filter hole groups (231), and are located above the filter hole groups (231); The inclination direction of the spiral shielding piece (27) is consistent with the inclination direction of the spiral piece (22), and a gap is provided between the spiral shielding piece (27) and the spiral piece (22) in the radial direction.

5. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the cylinder (21) is an inverted cone structure.

6. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas concentration analyzer (8) comprises a laser light source module, a closed-circuit optical cavity module, a signal detection and processing module and an Internet of Things module; The laser light source module is used to generate a laser light beam for measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured and enter the closed-circuit optical cavity module; The closed-circuit optical cavity module is used to make the laser beam interact with the gas to be measured and generate an optical signal; The signal detection and processing module is used to receive the optical signal after the laser beam interacts with the gas to be measured, convert it into an electrical signal, collect, process and analyze the electrical signal, obtain the concentration information of the gas to be measured after processing and analysis, and send the gas concentration information to the Internet of Things module; The Internet of Things module is used to communicate and interact with other smart devices.

7. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laser light source module includes a connected white noise source, a laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier.

8. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first valve (5) is a three-way solenoid valve.

9. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three groups of input components are included.

10. A method for monitoring carbon concentration in gas, characterized in that: The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to perform monitoring through the following steps; S1. Collect the gases to be tested at different heights through multiple groups of input components; S2, the gas to be tested enters the primary filtering unit (2) for primary filtration, and then enters the secondary filtering unit (3) for secondary filtration; S3, the gas to be tested after secondary filtration enters the buffer bottle (4), filtering out the interference of instantaneous concentration changes on the monitoring signal of the gas concentration analyzer (8); S4, the first gas outlets of the first valves (5) in the plurality of groups of input components are all connected to the busbar group (6), the first suction pump (9) is turned on, and the gas to be tested in the plurality of groups of input components enters the busbar group (6) and is then discharged into the atmosphere; S5. When the gas concentration analyzer (8) monitors the gas to be tested in any one of the multiple groups of input components, the first gas outlet of the first valve (5) in the monitored input component is closed, the second gas outlet of the first valve (5) is opened, and the second suction pump (10) is turned on. The gas to be tested passes through the three-stage filtration unit (11) and enters the gas concentration analyzer (8) for CH4 or CO2 concentration monitoring.

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