A gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of carbon concentration monitoring technology, and in particular to a gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system includes a busbar group, a gas concentration analyzer, a first suction pump, a second suction pump, and multiple sets of input components. Since the gas to be measured undergoes two-stage filtration before entering the monitoring system, and to prevent particulate matter from entering the monitoring system and the gas concentration analyzer through the pipe connection, the gas to be measured passes through a three-stage filtration unit before entering the gas concentration analyzer, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the gas concentration analyzer. Furthermore, since multiple sets of input components are provided, the third suction pumps in the multiple sets of input components can be arranged in sequence in vertical height, which can further improve the accuracy of the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the gas within the measured area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon concentration monitoring, and in particular to a gas carbon concentration monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Measuring methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations is crucial in a variety of fields, including environmental protection, industrial production, and healthcare. However, existing CH4 or CO2 concentration detection devices and methods generally suffer from low detection accuracy, which significantly limits their application in these fields.

[0003] Currently, CH4 and CO2 concentration detection primarily relies on a variety of sensor technologies, including optical, electrochemical, and gas chromatography. While these technologies can achieve quantitative concentration measurement to a certain extent, in practice, interference from various factors often prevents detection accuracy from reaching ideal levels, particularly those meeting the World Meteorological Organization / Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO / GAW) standards (CH4 and CO2 concentration accuracy requirements of 1.5 ppb and 0.1 ppm, respectively).

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas carbon concentration monitoring system with high detection accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method, which solves the technical problem of low detection accuracy of CH4 or CO2 in gas.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention provides a gas carbon concentration monitoring system, comprising a bus group, a gas concentration analyzer, a first suction pump, a second suction pump, a second valve and multiple groups of input components; each group of input components comprises a third suction pump, a primary filter unit, a secondary filter unit, a buffer bottle and a first valve connected in sequence; the air inlets of the third suction pumps in the multiple groups of input components are arranged in sequence at vertical heights to suck gases at different heights; the first air outlets of the first valves in the multiple groups of input components are all connected to the air inlet of the bus group, and the air outlet of the bus group is connected to the first suction pump; the second air outlets of the first valves in the multiple groups of input components are all connected to the air inlet of the gas concentration analyzer through the second valve and the third filter unit, and the air outlet of the gas concentration analyzer is connected to the second suction pump; the filtration accuracy of the primary filter unit, the secondary filter unit and the third filter unit increases in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the primary filter unit includes a cylinder, a spiral sheet and a filter element; a test gas inlet is provided on one side of the outer wall of the cylinder, the test gas inlet is connected to the third suction pump, a dust-containing gas outlet is provided at the bottom end of the cylinder, and an air flow channel is formed in the cylinder and between the test gas inlet and the dust-containing gas outlet, the spiral sheet is arranged in the cylinder and one end is abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder so that particulate matter in the incoming air slides along the spiral sheet to the dust-containing gas outlet; the filter element is located in the cylinder and the bottom end extends out of the cylinder to form a clean gas outlet, the clean gas outlet is connected to the secondary filter unit, and a plurality of filter hole groups are provided on the outer wall of the filter element.

[0011] Preferably, the filter element is a cylindrical structure, and the top end of the filter element is conical; the bottom end of the filter element is open to form a dust-laden gas outlet.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of spiral shielding plates are provided on the outer wall of the filter element; the plurality of spiral shielding plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of groups of filter holes and are located above the filter hole groups; the inclination direction of the spiral shielding plates is consistent with the inclination direction of the spiral plates, and a gap is provided between the spiral shielding plates and the spiral plates in the radial direction.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the cylinder is an inverted cone structure.

[0014] Preferably, the gas concentration analyzer includes a laser light source module, a closed-circuit optical cavity module, a signal detection and processing module and an Internet of Things module; the laser light source module is used to generate a laser light beam for measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured and enter the closed-circuit optical cavity module; the closed-circuit optical cavity module is used to make the laser light beam interact with the gas to be measured and generate an optical signal; the signal detection and processing module is used to receive the optical signal after the laser light beam interacts with the gas to be measured, and convert it into an electrical signal and collect, process and analyze the electrical signal, obtain the concentration information of the gas to be measured after processing and analysis, and send the gas concentration information to the Internet of Things module; the Internet of Things module is used to communicate and interact with other smart devices.

[0015] Preferably, the laser light source module includes a white noise source, a laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier connected together.

[0016] Preferably, the first valve is a three-way solenoid valve.

[0017] Preferably, three groups of input components are included.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring gas carbon concentration, which uses the above-mentioned gas carbon concentration monitoring system to perform monitoring through the following steps:

[0019] S1. Collect the gas to be tested at different heights through multiple sets of input components;

[0020] S2, the gas to be tested enters the first filter unit for primary filtration, and then enters the second filter unit for secondary filtration;

[0021] S3. The gas to be tested after secondary filtration enters the buffer bottle to filter out the interference of instantaneous concentration changes on the monitoring signal of the gas concentration analyzer;

[0022] S4. The first gas outlets of the first valves in the multiple input assemblies are all connected to the busbar assembly, the first suction pump is turned on, and the gas to be tested in the multiple input assemblies enters the busbar assembly and is then discharged into the atmosphere;

[0023] S5. When the gas concentration analyzer monitors the gas to be measured in any one of the multiple groups of input components, the first air outlet of the first valve in the monitored input component is closed, the second air outlet of the first valve is opened, and the second suction pump is turned on at the same time. The gas to be measured passes through the three-stage filtration unit and enters the gas concentration analyzer for CH4 or CO2 concentration monitoring.

[0024] (3) Beneficial effects

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention includes a busbar group, a gas concentration analyzer, a first suction pump, a second suction pump and multiple groups of input components. Since each group of input components includes a third suction pump, a primary filter unit, a secondary filter unit, a buffer bottle and a first valve connected in sequence, the gas to be measured passes through two stages of filtration before entering the monitoring system. Since the gas concentration analyzer is a precision instrument, in order to prevent particulate matter from entering the monitoring system and entering the gas concentration analyzer through the pipeline connection, the gas to be measured passes through the third filter unit before entering the gas concentration analyzer, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the gas concentration analyzer. At the same time, since multiple groups of input components are provided, the third suction pumps in the multiple groups of input components can be arranged in sequence at a vertical height, which can further improve the accuracy of the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the gas in the measured area. And since a busbar group is provided, when it is necessary to monitor the gas to be measured, the opening and closing of the first valve is changed so that the gas to be measured flowing into the busbar group directly enters the gas concentration analyzer, shortening the gas path and improving the monitoring efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle-level filtration unit;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas concentration analyzer;

[0030] Figure 4 The Allan variance analysis results when the gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention is used to monitor the CH4 concentration (where the optimal accuracy of the measured CH4 concentration reaches 1.12 ppb);

[0031] Figure 5 This is the Allan variance analysis result when the gas carbon concentration monitoring system of the present invention is used to monitor the CO2 concentration (the optimal accuracy of the actual measurement of CO2 concentration reaches 0.46ppm).

[0032] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0033] 1: Third suction pump; 2: Primary filter unit; 21: Cylinder; 22: Spiral sheet; 23: Filter element; 231: Filter hole group; 24: Test gas inlet; 25: Dust-laden gas outlet; 26: Clean gas outlet; 27: Spiral shielding sheet; 3: Secondary filter unit; 4: Buffer bottle; 5: First valve; 6: Bus bar group; 7: Second valve; 8: Gas concentration analyzer; 9: First suction pump; 10: Second suction pump; 11: Third-stage filter unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gas carbon concentration monitoring system, which includes a bus group 6, a gas concentration analyzer 8, a first suction pump 9, a second suction pump 10, a second valve 7 and multiple groups of input components. In this embodiment, three groups of input components are included. Of course, the number of input components can be set according to the actual size of the required measurement area.

[0037] Each input assembly includes a third suction pump 1, a primary filter unit 2, a secondary filter unit 3, a buffer bottle 4, and a first valve 5, which are connected in sequence. The air inlets of the third suction pumps 1 in multiple input assemblies are arranged in sequence at vertical heights to suck gas from different heights. The gas to be tested enters the monitoring system after two-stage filtration. The first air outlet of each first valve 5 in multiple input assemblies is connected to the air inlet of the bus group 6, and the air outlet of the bus group 6 is connected to the first suction pump 9. The second air outlet of the first valve 5 in multiple input assemblies is connected to the same second valve 7, and then connected to the air inlet of the gas concentration analyzer 8 after passing through the tertiary filter unit 11. The air outlet of the gas concentration analyzer 8 is connected to the second suction pump 10. The filtration accuracy of the primary filter unit 2, the secondary filter unit 3, and the tertiary filter unit 11 increases in sequence. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the gas concentration analyzer 8 is used to monitor the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the test area. The first valve 5 is a three-way solenoid valve, and the second valve 7 is a four-way valve.

[0038] Since the gas concentration analyzer 8 is a precision instrument, in order to prevent particulate matter from entering the monitoring system and the gas concentration analyzer 8 through the pipeline connection, it passes through the three-stage filtration unit 11 before entering the gas concentration analyzer 8, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0039] Furthermore, due to the presence of multiple input assemblies, the third suction pumps 1 within these assemblies can be arranged vertically in sequence to form a gradient sampling pattern, further improving the accuracy of CH4 or CO2 concentrations within the gas within the measured area. Furthermore, due to the presence of the busbar assembly 6, when monitoring the gas to be measured is required, the opening and closing of the first valve 5 are adjusted, allowing the gas to flow into the busbar assembly 6 to enter the gas concentration analyzer 8 directly. This shortens the gas path, improves monitoring efficiency, and ensures smooth airflow within the monitoring system without accumulation.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the primary filter unit 2 includes a cylinder 21, a spiral sheet 22 and a filter element 23. A test gas inlet 24 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the cylinder 21, and the test gas inlet 24 is connected to the third suction pump 1. A dust-laden gas outlet 25 is provided at the bottom end of the cylinder 21. An air flow channel is formed in the cylinder 21 and between the test gas inlet 24 and the dust-laden gas outlet 25. Due to the action of centrifugal force, most of the particles in the test gas rotate to the inner wall of the cylinder 21. Since the spiral sheet 22 is arranged in the cylinder 21 and one end is close to the inner wall of the cylinder 21, the large particles in the incoming air collide with the inner wall of the cylinder 21 and then slide along the spiral sheet 22 to the dust-laden gas outlet 25 due to gravity. The filter element 23 is located in the cylinder 21 and the bottom end extends out of the cylinder 21 to form a clean gas outlet 26. The clean gas outlet 26 is connected to the secondary filter unit 3. A plurality of groups of filter holes 231 are provided on the outer wall of the filter element 23. The gas to be tested enters the cylinder 21 through the gas inlet 24 to be tested, wherein the third suction pump 1 is used to suck the gas to be tested into the primary filter unit 2, and the second suction pump 10 / the third suction pump 1 is used to suck the filtered clean air into the atmosphere / gas concentration analyzer 8. The suction pumps on both sides cooperate to ensure the reliability of the circulation of the gas to be tested in the system.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the gas to be measured enters the cylinder 21, the particles in the air slide along the spiral blades 22 to the dust-laden gas outlet 25. To prevent some particles from falling along the inner portion of the spiral blades 22 to the middle of the cylinder 21, i.e., to the top of the filter element 23, thereby causing particle accumulation, the filter element 23 is a cylindrical structure with a conical top end. The bottom end of the filter element 23 is open to form the dust-laden gas outlet 25. The conical top end of the filter element 23 facilitates the falling of particles from the dust-laden gas outlet 25. After the particles in the gas to be measured are partially filtered, they are filtered again through the filter hole group 231 on the filter element 23 to ensure the reliability of the filtration.

[0042] To further prevent particles from sliding down the inside of the spiral blades 22 from entering the filter hole groups 231, a plurality of spiral shielding pieces 27 are provided on the outer wall of the filter element 23. The plurality of spiral shielding pieces 27 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of filter hole groups 231 and are located above the filter hole groups 231. The inclination direction of the spiral shielding pieces 27 is consistent with the inclination direction of the spiral blades 22. To ensure that particles in the cylinder 21 can slide out smoothly along the spiral blades 22, the lower end of the cylinder 21 has an inverted conical structure.

[0043] Through the structure of the first-level filter unit 2 in this embodiment, the structure is compact and can realize dust removal of the gas to be measured, and effectively realize the separation of particles larger than 10μm. A second-level filter unit 3 is set at the rear end of the first-level filter unit 2, which can effectively realize the separation of particles larger than 7μm. A buffer bottle 4 is set at the rear end of the secondary filter. The gas passes through the buffer bottle 4 to filter out the interference of instantaneous changes in concentration on the observation signal, ensuring that a stable concentration value is observed. Most of the existing atmospheric carbon concentration observation equipment does not have primary filtration, that is, a first-level filter unit 2, or only uses a filter screen as the primary filtration, and only filters through the filter screen, but the filter screen is easily blocked, which increases the replacement frequency of the filter screen. At the same time, the filtration effect is poor through the filter screen, which can easily reduce the detection accuracy of the gas concentration in the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the gas concentration analyzer 8 includes a laser light source module, a closed-circuit optical cavity module, a signal detection and processing module, and an Internet of Things module. The laser light source module is used to generate a laser beam for measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured and enter the closed-circuit optical cavity module. The closed-circuit optical cavity module is used to allow the laser beam to interact with the gas to be measured and generate an optical signal. The signal detection and processing module is used to receive the optical signal after the laser beam interacts with the gas to be measured, convert it into an electrical signal, and collect, process, and analyze the electrical signal. After processing and analysis, the gas concentration information to be measured is obtained and sent to the Internet of Things module. The Internet of Things module is used to communicate and interact with other smart devices. The laser light source module includes a connected white noise source, a laser, and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).

[0045] The closed-circuit optical cavity module utilizes off-axis integrating cavity technology, a highly sensitive absorption spectroscopy technique developed based on the Beer-Lambert theorem. Its core concept is to increase the absorption optical path using an optical cavity composed of two high-reflectivity mirrors. This requires precise adjustment of the laser's incident angle and position to suppress cavity mode noise.

[0046] However, due to the stability of the mechanical structure, it is often impossible to achieve an effective noise suppression effect in the long term. The cavity mode noise originates from the optical interference effect and is closely related to the wavelength of the laser. Therefore, in this embodiment, a white noise source is superimposed on the driving current of the laser, so that the wavelength of the laser is modulated by the noise signal in a small range, destroying the interference effect, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing the cavity mode noise. However, the superimposed noise signal will modulate the output light intensity of the laser while modulating the wavelength, thereby increasing the intensity noise of the laser, thereby increasing the noise of the output signal of the photodetector and reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal. The detection sensitivity of this system is proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. Therefore, in this embodiment, a semiconductor optical amplifier is also connected to the tail end of the laser. By utilizing the saturation working characteristics of the semiconductor optical amplifier, the output laser beam is passed through a high-gain semiconductor optical amplifier so that it operates in the saturation region. The laser intensity noise in the saturation region will be suppressed, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal and improving the detection sensitivity of the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0047] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to monitor the temperature in the closed-circuit optical cavity module, a plurality of temperature sensors are provided in the off-axis integrating cavity of the proportional optical cavity module.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The present invention provides a method for monitoring carbon concentration in gas, which uses the carbon concentration monitoring system in Example 1 to perform monitoring through the following steps:

[0050] S1. Collect the gas to be tested at different heights through multiple sets of input components;

[0051] S2, the gas to be tested enters the primary filter unit 2 for primary filtration, and then enters the secondary filter unit 3 for secondary filtration;

[0052] S3, the gas to be tested after secondary filtration enters the buffer bottle 4, filtering out the interference of instantaneous concentration changes on the monitoring signal of the gas concentration analyzer 8;

[0053] S4: The first gas outlets of the first valves 5 in the multiple input components are all connected to the busbar group 6, the first suction pump 9 is turned on, and the gas to be tested in the multiple input components enters the busbar group 6 and is then discharged into the atmosphere;

[0054] S5. When the gas concentration analyzer 8 monitors the gas to be measured in any one of the multiple input components, the first gas outlet of the first valve 5 in the monitored input component is closed, the second gas outlet of the first valve 5 is opened, and the second suction pump 10 is turned on. The gas to be measured passes through the three-stage filtration unit 11 and enters the gas concentration analyzer 8 for CH4 or CO2 concentration monitoring;

[0055] S6. After the gas to be measured in multiple groups of input components is monitored by a gas concentration analyzer, the CH4 or CO2 concentration in the area is averaged and calculated to ensure the accuracy of the concentration monitoring.

[0056] Through the monitoring method of this embodiment, by arranging the third suction pumps 1 in multiple groups of input components in sequence in vertical height to form gradient sampling, the accuracy of the concentration of CH4 or CO2 in the gas in the measured area can be improved.

[0057] The structure of the primary filter unit 2 removes dust from the gas being measured, effectively separating particles larger than 10μm. A secondary filter unit 3 is installed at the rear end of the primary filter unit 2, effectively separating particles larger than 7μm. A buffer bottle 4 is installed at the rear end of the secondary filter. The gas passes through the buffer bottle 4, filtering out interference from transient concentration changes on the observation signal, ensuring a stable concentration value.

[0058] At the same time, since the laser light source module in the gas concentration analyzer 8 includes a connected white noise source, a laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier, the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal is improved, thereby improving the monitoring sensitivity of the gas concentration analyzer 8.

[0059] By coordinating the above-mentioned settings, the monitoring accuracy of CH4 or CO2 concentration of the gas carbon concentration monitoring method is comprehensively improved.

[0060] like Figure 4 The following table shows the Allan variance analysis results for CH4 concentration monitoring using the gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method described in this application. The optimal measured CH4 concentration accuracy reached 0.016 ppb, with a stability time of 1000 seconds. A 20-second sliding average of the raw CH4 measurement data was performed, and the standard deviation (1σ) was calculated using statistical methods as the actual measurement accuracy indicator. The CH4 concentration accuracy reached 1.12 ppb at 20 seconds.

[0061] like Figure 5 The following table shows the Allan variance analysis results when monitoring CO2 concentration using the gas carbon concentration monitoring system and monitoring method of this application. The optimal CO2 concentration measurement accuracy reached 0.001ppm, with a stabilization time of 1700s. A 20s sliding average of the raw CO2 measurement data was performed, and the standard deviation (1σ) was calculated using statistical methods as the actual measurement accuracy indicator. The CO2 concentration accuracy reached 0.46ppm at 20s.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0064] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" refer to the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example and included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas carbon concentration monitoring system, characterized in that: It comprises a busbar group (6), a gas concentration analyzer (8), a first suction pump (9), a second suction pump (10), a second valve (7) and multiple groups of input components; Each group of the input components comprises a third suction pump (1), a primary filter unit (2), a secondary filter unit (3), a buffer bottle (4) and a first valve (5) which are connected in sequence; The air inlets of the third suction pumps (1) in the plurality of groups of the input assemblies are arranged in sequence in vertical height to suck gas at different heights; The first air outlets of the first valves (5) in the plurality of groups of input components are all connected to the air inlet of the busbar group (6), and the air outlet of the busbar group (6) is connected to the first suction pump (9); The second gas outlets of the first valves (5) in the plurality of groups of the input components are all connected to the gas inlet of the gas concentration analyzer (8) through the second valve (7) and then through the three-stage filter unit (11), and the gas outlet of the gas concentration analyzer (8) is connected to the second suction pump (10); The filtering accuracies of the primary filtering unit (2), the secondary filtering unit (3), and the tertiary filtering unit (11) increase in sequence.

2. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: The primary filter unit (2) comprises a cylinder (21), a spiral sheet (22) and a filter element (23); A gas inlet (24) to be tested is provided on one side of the outer wall of the cylinder (21), and the gas inlet (24) to be tested is communicated with the third suction pump (1). A dust-laden gas outlet (25) is provided at the bottom end of the cylinder (21), and an air flow channel is formed in the cylinder (21) and between the gas inlet (24) to be tested and the dust-laden gas outlet (25). The spiral blade (22) is arranged in the cylinder (21) and one end of the spiral blade is abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder (21) so that particles in the incoming air slide along the spiral blade (22) to the dust-laden gas outlet (25); The filter element (23) is located in the cylinder (21) and its bottom end extends out of the cylinder (21) to form a clean gas outlet (26). The clean gas outlet (26) is connected to the secondary filter unit (3). A plurality of filter hole groups (231) are provided on the outer wall of the filter element (23).

3. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: The filter element (23) is a cylindrical structure, and the top end of the filter element (23) is conical; The bottom end opening of the filter element (23) forms the dust-laden gas outlet (25).

4. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein: A plurality of spiral shielding sheets (27) are provided on the outer wall of the filter element (23); A plurality of spiral shielding sheets (27) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of filter hole groups (231), and are located above the filter hole groups (231); The inclination direction of the spiral shielding piece (27) is consistent with the inclination direction of the spiral piece (22), and a gap is provided between the spiral shielding piece (27) and the spiral piece (22) in the radial direction.

5. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: The lower end of the cylinder (21) is an inverted cone structure.

6. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: The gas concentration analyzer (8) comprises a laser light source module, a closed-circuit optical cavity module, a signal detection and processing module, and an Internet of Things module; The laser light source module is used to generate a laser beam for measuring the concentration of the gas to be measured and enter the closed-circuit optical cavity module; The closed-circuit optical cavity module is used to make the laser beam interact with the gas to be measured and generate an optical signal; The signal detection and processing module is used to receive the optical signal after the laser beam interacts with the gas to be measured, convert it into an electrical signal, collect, process and analyze the electrical signal, obtain the concentration information of the gas to be measured after processing and analysis, and send the gas concentration information to the Internet of Things module; The IoT module is used to communicate and interact with other smart devices.

7. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein: The laser light source module includes a connected white noise source, a laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier.

8. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: The first valve (5) is a three-way solenoid valve.

9. The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: Three groups of input components are included.

10. A method for monitoring carbon concentration in gas, characterized by: The gas carbon concentration monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to perform monitoring through the following steps: S1. Collect the gas to be tested at different heights through multiple sets of input components; S2, the gas to be tested enters the primary filter unit (2) for primary filtration, and then enters the secondary filter unit (3) for secondary filtration; S3, the gas to be tested after secondary filtration enters the buffer bottle (4), filtering out the interference of instantaneous concentration changes on the monitoring signal of the gas concentration analyzer (8); S4, the first gas outlets of the first valves (5) in the plurality of groups of input components are all connected to the busbar group (6), the first suction pump (9) is turned on, and the gas to be tested in the plurality of groups of input components enters the busbar group (6) and is then discharged into the atmosphere; S5. When the gas concentration analyzer (8) monitors the gas to be measured in any one of the multiple groups of input components, the first gas outlet of the first valve (5) in the monitored input component is closed, the second gas outlet of the first valve (5) is opened, and the second suction pump (10) is turned on at the same time, and the gas to be measured passes through the three-stage filtration unit (11) and enters the gas concentration analyzer (8) for CH4 or CO2 concentration monitoring.

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