Multifunctional water quality monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional water quality monitoring method, which covers water quality indexes in multiple aspects such as chemical components and microorganism content, can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the water quality condition, combines multiple detection technologies, synchronously establishes a comprehensive analysis model, improves the monitoring precision, reduces the error, can timely master the water quality change, and improves the water quality monitoring accuracy. The water quality problem can be found and solved in time, and the problems that comprehensive information of the overall water quality condition cannot be reflected by means of a single detection parameter and visual comprehensive degree expression after monitoring cannot be achieved in an existing water quality monitoring technology are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and in particular to a multifunctional water quality monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Existing water quality monitoring technologies often focus on one or several specific water quality parameters, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH value, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), etc. Although these parameters can reflect certain aspects of water quality, they cannot fully characterize the water quality conditions.

[0003] For example, dissolved oxygen is an important indicator of the amount of oxygen available to organisms in water, pH reflects the acidity and alkalinity of water, and ammonia nitrogen is an indicator of the nitrogen content in water. However, monitoring of these single parameters cannot provide comprehensive information about the overall status of water quality.

[0004] At the same time, existing monitoring methods often cannot achieve an intuitive and comprehensive expression of the degree of monitoring after monitoring. This means that when the water quality changes, the monitoring system can only issue an early warning based on a single indicator. It is difficult to comprehensively consider the degree of change in the current water quality, and the early warning accuracy is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] In view of the above problems existing in the existing water quality monitoring technology, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing water quality monitoring technology cannot reflect the comprehensive information of the overall water quality status by relying on a single detection parameter, and cannot realize the intuitive comprehensive degree expression after monitoring.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multifunctional water quality monitoring method, comprising the following steps: S1: water quality parameter selection: select the water quality parameters to be monitored according to the monitoring requirements; S2: sensor installation: install different types of sensors on the water quality monitoring equipment, and each sensor corresponds to monitoring a specific water quality parameter; S3: data acquisition: start the monitoring equipment, and the sensor starts to collect data of various water quality parameters; S4: data processing: perform real-time preprocessing on the data collected by the sensor through the data acquisition module; S5: comprehensive analysis: input the processed data into the comprehensive analysis module, establish a comprehensive analysis model to perform multi-parameter comprehensive analysis, and output the comprehensive analysis results; S6: output warning: based on the comprehensive analysis results, perform water quality abnormality judgment, and simultaneously transmit the comprehensive analysis results and judgment results to the monitoring center through the data transmission interface wirelessly, and the monitoring center issues a warning reminder.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method of the present invention, the water quality parameters include pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and heavy metal ion concentration.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method described in the present invention, in step S4, the data preprocessing step includes filtering, calibration and conversion.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method of the present invention, the comprehensive analysis model established is specifically: ; Among them, δ is the comprehensive analysis result, α is the pH value, β is the dissolved oxygen, λ is the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ε is the biological oxygen demand (BOD), η is the turbidity, μ is the heavy metal ion concentration, 1.04, 1.35, -1.33, 0.98, 2.106 and 1.92 are all adjustment constants, and dx is the integral operation.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method described in the present invention, when water quality abnormality is determined based on the comprehensive analysis result, when the comprehensive analysis result is higher than the warning threshold, it is determined that the water quality is abnormal.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method described in the present invention, the threshold value is set to 3.69 or 3.691.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides a multifunctional water quality monitoring method, which covers water quality indicators in multiple aspects such as chemical composition and microbial content, can comprehensively and accurately evaluate water quality conditions, adopts a combination of multiple detection technologies, and simultaneously establishes a comprehensive analysis model, which improves monitoring accuracy, reduces errors, and can timely grasp water quality changes, which is helpful to timely discover and solve water quality problems, and solves the problem that existing water quality monitoring technology cannot reflect the comprehensive information of the overall water quality condition on the one hand by relying on a single detection parameter, and cannot realize the intuitive comprehensive degree expression after monitoring on the other hand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them: Figure 1 This is an overall method flow chart of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Existing water quality monitoring technologies often focus on one or several specific water quality parameters, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH value, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), etc. Although these parameters can reflect certain aspects of water quality, they cannot fully characterize the water quality conditions.

[0018] At the same time, existing monitoring methods often cannot achieve an intuitive and comprehensive expression of the degree of monitoring after monitoring. This means that when the water quality changes, the monitoring system can only issue an early warning based on a single indicator. It is difficult to comprehensively consider the degree of change in the current water quality, and the early warning accuracy is insufficient.

[0019] Therefore, please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a multifunctional water quality monitoring method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1: Water quality parameter selection: Select the water quality parameters to be monitored according to monitoring requirements; S2: Sensor installation: Different types of sensors are installed on the water quality monitoring equipment, and each sensor monitors a specific water quality parameter; S3: Data collection: Start the monitoring equipment, and the sensor begins to collect various water quality parameter data; S4: Data processing: real-time preprocessing of the data collected by the sensor through the data acquisition module; S5: Comprehensive analysis: input the processed data into the comprehensive analysis module, establish a comprehensive analysis model to perform multi-parameter comprehensive analysis, and output the comprehensive analysis results; S6: Output warning: Water quality abnormality is determined based on the comprehensive analysis results, and the comprehensive analysis results and the determination results are simultaneously transmitted wirelessly to the monitoring center through the data transmission interface, and the monitoring center issues a warning reminder.

[0020] Specifically, water quality parameters include pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and heavy metal ion concentration.

[0021] It should be noted that: 1. PH value: Technical explanation: pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution, ranging from 0 (extremely acidic) to 14 (extremely alkaline), with 7 being neutral. pH is usually measured using a pH meter or pH test paper. A pH meter is an electronic device that measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution through electrodes in contact with a water sample, and converts this concentration into a pH value for display.

[0022] Application: pH value is crucial to the growth and survival of aquatic organisms, and different organisms have different adaptability to pH values. In addition, pH value also affects chemical reactions in water, such as the solubility of heavy metals and the decomposition of organic matter.

[0023] 2. Dissolved oxygen (DO): Technical explanation: Dissolved oxygen refers to the amount of oxygen dissolved in water, usually expressed in milligrams per liter (mg / L). Dissolved oxygen can be measured using the electrode method or the optical sensor method. The electrode method determines the dissolved oxygen concentration by measuring the reduction current of oxygen on the electrode, while the optical sensor method determines it by detecting the absorption of light of a specific wavelength by oxygen.

[0024] Application: Dissolved oxygen is a necessary condition for the respiration of aquatic organisms, and its concentration level reflects the redox state of the water body.

[0025] 3. Turbidity: Technical explanation: Turbidity refers to the content of suspended particles in water, usually expressed in NTU (nephelometric units) or FNU (formazine nephelometric units). Turbidity is usually measured using a turbidimeter, which assesses turbidity by measuring the degree of light scattering or absorption by a water sample.

[0026] Application: Turbidity is an indicator for evaluating the cleanliness of water. High turbidity indicates that the water contains a large amount of suspended matter, which may affect the transparency of the water and the survival of aquatic organisms.

[0027] 4. Chemical oxygen demand (COD): Technical explanation: Chemical oxygen demand refers to the amount of oxygen required for the oxidation of organic matter and inorganic reducing substances in a water sample under the action of a strong oxidant (such as potassium dichromate), usually expressed in milligrams per liter (mg / L). COD is usually measured by chemical titration.

[0028] Application: COD is an important parameter for evaluating the organic pollution load in water bodies. It reflects the content of organic matter in water bodies and is an important indicator for sewage treatment and environmental impact assessment.

[0029] 5. Biological oxygen demand (BOD): Technical explanation: Biological oxygen demand refers to the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to decompose organic matter in water samples under specific conditions. BOD is usually measured by sealing the water sample and keeping it in the dark at a certain temperature (such as 20°C), and then measuring the reduction of dissolved oxygen over a certain period of time (such as 5 days).

[0030] Application: BOD is an indicator to measure the biodegradability of organic matter in water and is also an important parameter for evaluating the effectiveness of sewage treatment.

[0031] 6. Heavy metal ion concentration: Technical explanation: The concentration of heavy metal ions is usually measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) or voltammetry, etc. These methods can accurately measure the concentration of heavy metal ions in water samples, such as lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, etc.

[0032] Application: The presence of heavy metal ions in water may cause serious harm to the ecological environment and human health. Monitoring the concentration of heavy metal ions helps to detect and deal with water pollution problems in a timely manner.

[0033] Specifically, in step S4, the data preprocessing step includes filtering, calibration and conversion.

[0034] It should be noted that: 1. Filtering: Filtering is the process of removing noise and unnecessary signal components from data. In water quality monitoring data preprocessing, the filtering step mainly includes the following methods: a. Bandpass filter: used to remove high-frequency noise and low-frequency drift. It only allows signals within a specific frequency range to pass through, while blocking signals of other frequencies.

[0035] b. Low-pass filter: Used to remove high-frequency noise and allow low-frequency signals to pass. This is especially useful when processing fast-changing signals, such as rapid fluctuations in current or voltage.

[0036] c. High-pass filter: The opposite of a low-pass filter, it is used to remove low-frequency noise and only allow high-frequency signals to pass.

[0037] d. Digital Filters: In digital signal processing, filtering can be achieved by designing various algorithms such as FIR filters, IIR filters, which are performed in software and can process data in real time.

[0038] 2. Calibration: Calibration is the process of ensuring the accuracy of measuring equipment by comparing known standard values ​​with measured values ​​to adjust the equipment. In water quality monitoring, the calibration steps include: a. Standard solution calibration: Use a standard solution of known concentration to calibrate the monitoring equipment to ensure that the measured value matches the actual value.

[0039] b. Slope and Intercept Adjustment: Ensure accurate readings by adjusting the linear relationship between the output signal of the measuring device and the concentration.

[0040] c. Cross-calibration: If you use multiple sensors to measure different parameters, you need to ensure that the measurement results between them are consistent with each other.

[0041] d. Real-time calibration: Calibration is performed regularly during the monitoring process to compensate for possible drift and deviation.

[0042] 3. Conversion: Conversion involves converting data from one format or unit to another format or unit for easy analysis and comparison. Here are some common conversion steps: a. Unit Conversion: Converting data from one unit of measurement to another, such as converting temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit, or concentration units from ppm to mg / L.

[0043] b. Coordinate conversion: If the data contains geographic location information, it may be necessary to convert the coordinate system from one to another, such as from WGS 84 to UTM.

[0044] c. Data format conversion: Convert data from one file format (such as CSV, Excel) to another (such as JSON, XML) to facilitate data exchange between different systems.

[0045] d. Encoding conversion: For cases involving text data, it may be necessary to convert character encoding from one to another, such as from ASCII to UTF-8.

[0046] Furthermore, the comprehensive analysis model established is as follows: ; Among them, δ is the comprehensive analysis result, α is the pH value, β is the dissolved oxygen, λ is the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ε is the biological oxygen demand (BOD), η is the turbidity, μ is the heavy metal ion concentration, 1.04, 1.35, -1.33, 0.98, 2.106 and 1.92 are all adjustment constants, and dx is the integral operation.

[0047] Specifically, when water quality abnormality is determined based on the comprehensive analysis result, when the comprehensive analysis result is higher than the warning threshold, it is determined that the water quality is abnormal.

[0048] Furthermore, the threshold is set to 3.69 or 3.691.

[0049] In order to verify the technical effect of the present invention, the following simulation experiment is now carried out: Purpose Verify the effectiveness of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method in comprehensively assessing water quality conditions, improving monitoring accuracy and reducing errors.

[0050] Experimental design Experimental preparation: Select a representative water area as the experimental object.

[0051] Identify the water quality parameters that need to be monitored: pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and heavy metal ion concentrations.

[0052] Prepare the corresponding sensors and monitoring equipment and install them on the water quality monitoring system.

[0053] Data collection: Use monitoring equipment to continuously collect water quality data over a certain period of time (e.g., one week).

[0054] The values ​​of various parameters are recorded at regular intervals (for example, every hour).

[0055] Data processing: The acquired raw data is filtered, calibrated, and transformed to eliminate noise and erroneous readings.

[0056] Input the comprehensive analysis model for processing and calculate the comprehensive analysis results.

[0057] Result judgment: Based on the comprehensive analysis results, determine whether the water quality is abnormal and compare it with the pre-set threshold (such as 3.69 or 3.691).

[0058] Experimental procedures Install sensors: Install sensors for pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, COD, BOD and heavy metal ion concentration on the monitoring equipment.

[0059] Data collection: Continuously collect water quality data for 24 hours and record once every hour.

[0060] Data preprocessing: filtering, calibrating and converting the collected data.

[0061] Comprehensive analysis: Input the preprocessed data into the comprehensive analysis model to calculate the comprehensive analysis results.

[0062] Result determination: Determine whether the water quality is abnormal based on the comprehensive analysis results.

[0063] Data Table Time (hours) pH Dissolved oxygen (mg / L) Turbidity (NTU) COD (mg / L) BOD (mg / L) Heavy metal ion concentration (mg / L) Comprehensive analysis results Abnormal determination 1 7.2 9.0 2.1 40 10 0.02 2.5 normal 2 7.0 8.8 2.2 42 11 0.03 2.6 normal 24 7.1 9.2 2.0 38 9 0.01 2.3 normal Experimental results analysis Through the data table, you can intuitively see the various water quality parameters and comprehensive analysis results at each time point. If the comprehensive analysis result is higher than the warning threshold (for example, 3.69), it is judged as abnormal water quality. By comparing the comprehensive analysis results at different time points, the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring method can be evaluated.

[0064] in conclusion Through the above experimental verification process, the effect of the multifunctional water quality monitoring method of the present invention in practical application can be evaluated, including monitoring accuracy, error reduction, and accuracy of water quality abnormality judgment.

[0065] The present invention provides a multifunctional water quality monitoring method, which covers water quality indicators in multiple aspects such as chemical composition and microbial content, can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the water quality status, adopts a combination of multiple detection technologies, and simultaneously establishes a comprehensive analysis model, which improves monitoring accuracy, reduces errors, and can timely grasp water quality changes, which is helpful to timely discover and solve water quality problems, and solves the problem that the existing water quality monitoring technology cannot reflect the comprehensive information of the overall water quality status with a single detection parameter on the one hand, and cannot realize the intuitive comprehensive degree expression after monitoring on the other hand.

[0066] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional water quality monitoring method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Water quality parameter selection: Select the water quality parameters to be monitored according to monitoring requirements; S2: Sensor installation: Different types of sensors are installed on the water quality monitoring equipment, and each sensor monitors a specific water quality parameter; S3: Data collection: Start the monitoring equipment, and the sensor begins to collect various water quality parameter data; S4: Data processing: real-time preprocessing of the data collected by the sensor through the data acquisition module; S5: Comprehensive analysis: input the processed data into the comprehensive analysis module, establish a comprehensive analysis model to perform multi-parameter comprehensive analysis, and output the comprehensive analysis results; S6: Output warning: Based on the comprehensive analysis results, water quality abnormality is determined, and the comprehensive analysis results and the determination results are simultaneously wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring center through the data transmission interface, and the monitoring center issues a warning reminder.

2. The multifunctional water quality monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality parameters include pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and heavy metal ion concentration.

3. The multifunctional water quality monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the data preprocessing steps include filtering, calibration and conversion.

4. The multifunctional water quality monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The comprehensive analysis model established is specifically: ； Among them, δ is the comprehensive analysis result, α is the pH value, β is the dissolved oxygen, λ is the chemical oxygen demand, ε is the biological oxygen demand, η is the turbidity, μ is the heavy metal ion concentration, 1.04, 1.35, -1.33, 0.98, 2.106 and 1.92 are all adjustment constants, and dx is the integral operation.

5. The multifunctional water quality monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When water quality abnormality is determined based on the comprehensive analysis result, when the comprehensive analysis result is higher than the warning threshold, it is determined that the water quality is abnormal.

6. The multifunctional water quality monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threshold is set to 3.69 or 3.691.

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