Method and system for detecting influence of salt crust on slope erosion

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of side slope erosion, and discloses a method for detecting the influence of salt crust on side slope erosion, which comprises the following steps: collecting soil data, salt crust data and physical crust data of a side slope to be detected, and constructing a side slope simulation device; constructing a rainfall erosion simulation device; the rainfall erosion simulation device is used for carrying out rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device, crust monitoring data in the rainfall simulation process are obtained, when the crust monitoring data reach physical crust data, recording points are set, the corresponding initial rainfall duration is obtained, runoff collection data are obtained after rainfall simulation is stopped, and the runoff collection data are stored in the slope simulation device. And determining an erosion modulus according to the runoff collection data, and establishing a correlation model of the influence of the salt crust on the slope erosion based on the erosion modulus. By comprehensively considering the influence of salt crust and physical crust on slope erosion, the erosion process of the slope under the actual rainfall condition can be simulated more accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope erosion, and in particular to a method and system for detecting the influence of salt crust on slope erosion. Background Art

[0002] Slope erosion is a global geological disaster problem with negative impacts on many aspects. Slopes are affected by many factors, and salt crusts affect the ability of slopes to resist erosion by changing key soil properties. Traditional slope erosion research methods have problems such as insufficient research on the role of salt crusts, difficulty in quantifying detection methods, and difficulty in field observation. They cannot provide a scientific basis for slope protection, so a method is needed to effectively detect the impact of salt crusts on slope erosion. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for detecting the influence of salt crust on slope erosion, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for detecting the influence of salt crust on slope erosion, comprising:

[0005] Collect soil data, salt crust data and physical crust data of the slope to be tested, and construct a slope simulation device according to the soil data and salt crust data;

[0006] Constructing a rainfall erosion simulation device, the rainfall erosion simulation device comprising a rainfall module, a runoff collection module and a crust monitoring module;

[0007] The slope simulation device is used to perform rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device, and the crust monitoring data of the crust monitoring module during the rainfall simulation is obtained in real time. When the crust monitoring data reaches the physical crust data, a recording point is set, and the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is obtained. After the rainfall simulation is stopped, the runoff collection data of the runoff collection module is obtained;

[0008] The erosion modulus of the slope simulation device is determined according to the runoff collection data, and a relevant model of the influence of salt crust on slope erosion is established based on the erosion modulus.

[0009] Preferably, the soil data includes: soil texture, soil bulk density, slope gradient, soil water content and soil porosity;

[0010] The salt crust data include: salt crust moisture content, salt crust thickness, salt crust hardness and salt crust porosity;

[0011] The physical crust data include: physical crust hardness and physical crust porosity.

[0012] Preferably, using the rainfall erosion simulation device to perform rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device comprises:

[0013] Acquire meteorological data of the area where the slope to be detected belongs, and set rainfall simulation data according to the meteorological data, wherein the rainfall simulation data includes rainfall intensity and rainfall duration;

[0014] The slope simulation device is subjected to rainfall simulation according to the rainfall simulation data.

[0015] Preferably, the crusting monitoring data of the crusting monitoring module during the rainfall simulation is obtained in real time, and when the crusting monitoring data reaches the physical crusting data, a recording point is set, and the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is obtained, including:

[0016] The crust monitoring module includes an electron microscope and a soil hardness meter, wherein the electron microscope is used to observe the microstructural changes and porosity of salt crust and physical crust, and the soil hardness meter is used to detect the hardness of the slope surface;

[0017] The crust monitoring data include crust microstructure changes, porosity and slope surface hardness;

[0018] Obtain the crust microstructure changes of the slope simulation device, and when it is determined that the salt crust is broken and the physical crust is generated, obtain the slope surface hardness;

[0019] The slope surface hardness is compared with the physical crust hardness. If the slope surface hardness reaches the physical crust hardness, the current time is set as the recording point, and the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is obtained.

[0020] Preferably, after stopping the rainfall simulation, the method further comprises:

[0021] Waiting for the slope in the slope simulation device to dry naturally, and obtaining final physical crusting data of the slope simulation device through a crusting monitoring module, wherein the final physical crusting data includes final hardness and final porosity of the physical crust;

[0022] Determining the water permeability of the slope in the slope simulation device according to the final physical crust data;

[0023] The water permeability is determined according to the following formula:

[0024] P = (a × Kb × Y) × i;

[0025] Among them, P represents the water permeability, K represents the final porosity of the physical crust, Y represents the final hardness of the physical crust, i represents the slope gradient, and a and b represent the water permeability influence coefficients.

[0026] Preferably, determining the erosion modulus of the slope simulation device according to the runoff collection data comprises:

[0027] The runoff collection data include runoff volume and sediment volume;

[0028] The erosion modulus is determined according to the following formula:

[0029] Me=Se / R;

[0030] Among them, Me represents the erosion modulus, Se represents the amount of sediment, and R represents the runoff.

[0031] Preferably, before establishing a relevant model of the effect of salt crust on slope erosion based on the erosion modulus and crust monitoring data, the method further includes:

[0032] Based on the rainfall intensity and initial rainfall duration, determining a damage relationship between rainfall and salt crust according to the thickness and hardness of the salt crust;

[0033] I×t=(D×h×H) / k;

[0034] Among them, D represents the degree of damage, I represents the rainfall intensity, t represents the initial rainfall duration, h represents the thickness of the salt crust, H represents the hardness of the salt crust, and k represents the proportional constant.

[0035] Preferably, a relevant model of the effect of salt crust on slope erosion is established based on the erosion modulus, including:

[0036] Determine the rainfall duration difference between the rainfall duration and the initial rainfall duration, and determine the physical crust hardness difference between the physical crust hardness and the physical crust final hardness;

[0037] Based on the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration difference, and according to the physical crust hardness difference, determine the relationship between rainfall and the formation of physical crust;

[0038] Based on the relationship between rainfall and the formation of physical crust, the relationship between rainfall and the destruction of salt crust, water permeability and erosion modulus, a relevant model of the influence of salt crust on slope erosion is established.

[0039] The present invention also discloses a detection system for the effect of salt crust on slope erosion, which is used to apply the above-mentioned detection method for the effect of salt crust on slope erosion, and comprises:

[0040] A slope simulation construction unit is configured to collect soil data, salt crust data and physical crust data of the slope to be detected, and construct a slope simulation device according to the soil data and salt crust data;

[0041] A rainfall erosion simulation device, the rainfall erosion simulation device comprising a rainfall module, a runoff collection module and a crust monitoring module;

[0042] an erosion simulation unit, configured to use the rainfall erosion simulation device to perform rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device, obtain the crusting monitoring data of the crusting monitoring module in real time during the rainfall simulation, set a recording point when the crusting monitoring data reaches the physical crusting data, obtain the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point, stop the rainfall simulation, and obtain the runoff collection data of the runoff collection module;

[0043] The erosion impact analysis unit is configured to determine the erosion modulus of the slope simulation device according to the runoff collection data, and establish a relevant model of the impact of salt crust on slope erosion based on the erosion modulus and crust monitoring data.

[0044] Preferably, the erosion simulation unit is also configured to wait for the slope in the slope simulation device to dry naturally after stopping the rainfall simulation, and obtain the final physical crusting data of the slope simulation device through the crusting monitoring module, wherein the final physical crusting data includes the final hardness of the physical crust and the final porosity of the physical crust, and determine the water permeability of the slope in the slope simulation device according to the final physical crusting data.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effect that it can accurately quantify the influence of salt crust on slope erosion. By constructing a simulation device and establishing a relevant model with collected data, it helps to understand its mechanism of action and provide a reliable basis for slope erosion prediction and prevention. The simulation device can simulate the real environment, eliminate interference, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the results. Based on the model, the erosion risk of different slopes under different conditions can be predicted, providing targeted solutions for the design of slope protection projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting the influence of salt crust on slope erosion according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a functional block diagram of a detection system for the influence of salt crust on slope erosion according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for detecting the influence of salt crust on slope erosion, comprising: collecting soil data, salt crust data and physical crust data of the slope to be detected, and constructing a slope simulation device according to the soil data and salt crust data.

[0050] Construct a rainfall erosion simulation device, including a rainfall module, a runoff collection module, and a crust monitoring module.

[0051] A rainfall erosion simulation device is used to simulate rainfall on the slope simulation device, and the crust monitoring data of the crust monitoring module during the rainfall simulation is obtained in real time. When the crust monitoring data reaches the physical crust data, a recording point is set, and the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is obtained. After stopping the rainfall simulation, the runoff collection data of the runoff collection module is obtained.

[0052] The erosion modulus of the slope simulation device is determined according to the runoff collection data, and a relevant model of the influence of salt crust on slope erosion is established based on the erosion modulus.

[0053] By comprehensively considering the effects of salt crust and physical crust on slope erosion, the erosion process of slopes under actual rainfall conditions can be simulated more accurately. This method not only improves the accuracy of slope erosion detection, but also provides strong technical support for slope protection and management.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, soil data include: soil texture, soil bulk density, slope gradient, soil moisture content and soil porosity; salt crust data include: salt crust moisture content, salt crust thickness, salt crust hardness and salt crust porosity; physical crust data include: physical crust hardness and physical crust porosity.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, a rainfall erosion simulation device is used to perform rainfall simulation on a slope simulation device, including: obtaining meteorological data of the area to which the slope to be detected belongs, setting rainfall simulation data according to the meteorological data, the rainfall simulation data including rainfall intensity and rainfall duration; and performing rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device according to the rainfall simulation data.

[0056] It can be understood that by simulating actual rainfall conditions, the erosion of the slope during rainfall can be more realistically reflected. This method not only improves the authenticity of slope erosion simulation, but also provides reliable basic data for subsequent data analysis and model building.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, crust monitoring data of a crust monitoring module during rainfall simulation is acquired in real time, and when the crust monitoring data reaches the physical crust data, a recording point is set, and an initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is acquired, including: the crust monitoring module includes an electron microscope and a soil hardness meter, the electron microscope is used to observe the microstructural changes and porosity of salt crust and physical crust, and the soil hardness meter is used to detect the surface hardness of the slope; the crust monitoring data includes crust microstructural changes, porosity and slope surface hardness; the crust microstructural changes of the slope simulation device are acquired, and when it is determined that the salt crust is broken and a physical crust is generated, the slope surface hardness is acquired; the slope surface hardness is compared with the physical crust hardness, and if the slope surface hardness reaches the physical crust hardness, the current moment is set as the recording point, and the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is acquired.

[0058] It is understandable that by real-time monitoring of the crusting during rainfall simulation, the key moment of the transformation of salt crust into physical crust can be accurately captured, thereby accurately recording the initial rainfall duration of physical crust formation. At the same time, combined with the use of electron microscopes and soil hardness testers, comprehensive monitoring of the microstructure and physical properties of the crust is achieved, providing a scientific basis for in-depth analysis of the relationship between crusting and slope erosion.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, after stopping the rainfall simulation, it also includes: waiting for the slope in the slope simulation device to dry naturally, obtaining the final physical crust data of the slope simulation device through the crust monitoring module, the final physical crust data including the final hardness of the physical crust and the final porosity of the physical crust; determining the permeability of the slope in the slope simulation device according to the final physical crust data; the permeability is determined according to the following formula: P=(a×Kb×Y)×i; wherein P represents the permeability, K represents the final porosity of the physical crust, Y represents the final hardness of the physical crust, i represents the slope gradient, and a and b represent the permeability influence coefficients.

[0060] It is understandable that by obtaining the final state data of the physical crust of the slope in the slope simulation device, these data provide key indicators for evaluating the water permeability of the slope. The calculation formula of the water permeability rate comprehensively considers multiple factors such as the porosity and hardness of the physical crust and the slope gradient, making the calculation result of the water permeability rate more accurate and reliable.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, determining the erosion modulus of the slope simulation device according to the runoff collection data includes: the runoff collection data includes the runoff volume and the sediment volume;

[0062] The erosion modulus is determined according to the following formula:

[0063] Me=Se / R;

[0064] Among them, Me represents the erosion modulus, Se represents the amount of sediment, and R represents the runoff.

[0065] It is understandable that by collecting and analyzing runoff data, the erosion of the slope simulator during rainfall simulation can be directly quantified. The erosion modulus combines the amount of sediment with the amount of runoff to accurately reflect the erosion intensity of the slope. It not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of slope erosion assessment, but also provides data support for the formulation of slope erosion prevention and control strategies.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, before establishing a relevant model of the effect of salt crust on slope erosion based on the erosion modulus and crust monitoring data, the method further includes: determining a destructive relationship between rainfall and salt crust according to the thickness of the salt crust and the hardness of the salt crust based on the rainfall intensity and the initial rainfall duration;

[0067] I×t=(D×h×H) / k;

[0068] Among them, D represents the degree of damage, I represents the rainfall intensity, t represents the initial rainfall duration, h represents the thickness of the salt crust, H represents the hardness of the salt crust, and k represents the proportional constant.

[0069] It is understandable that by introducing the damage relationship of rainfall on salt crust, the influence of rainfall conditions on the stability of salt crust is refined, making the establishment of relevant models more accurate and comprehensive. The damage relationship comprehensively considers multiple factors such as rainfall intensity, initial rainfall duration, salt crust thickness and hardness, ensuring the applicability and accuracy of the formula, improving the scientific nature of the assessment of the impact of salt crust on slope erosion, and providing a more reliable theoretical basis for the formulation of targeted slope protection and restoration measures.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, a correlation model of the effect of salt crust on slope erosion is established based on the erosion modulus, including: determining the rainfall duration difference between the rainfall duration and the initial rainfall duration, and determining the physical crust hardness difference between the physical crust hardness and the final hardness of the physical crust; based on the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration difference, determining the relationship between rainfall and the formation of physical crust according to the physical crust hardness difference; establishing a correlation model of the effect of salt crust on slope erosion based on the relationship between rainfall and the formation of physical crust, the relationship between rainfall and the destruction of salt crust, water permeability and erosion modulus.

[0071] It is understandable that by considering the difference between the duration of rainfall and the initial rainfall duration and the change in the hardness of the physical crust, the analysis of the impact of rainfall conditions on the dynamic changes of salt crust and physical crust is further enriched. The difference in rainfall duration reflects the persistence of the rainfall process, while the difference in the hardness of the physical crust reveals the change in the strength of the crust under the action of rainfall. This enables the model to more accurately capture the formation and destruction mechanism of the crust during rainfall, and improves the ability to predict the impact on slope erosion. At the same time, combined with the permeability and erosion modulus, the established related model comprehensively considers multiple dimensions such as water penetration, crust characteristics and erosion degree, providing a powerful tool for comprehensively evaluating the impact of salt crust on slope erosion.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also discloses a detection system for the influence of salt crust on slope erosion, which is used to apply the above detection method, including:

[0073] The slope simulation construction unit is configured to collect soil data, salt crust data and physical crust data of the slope to be detected, and construct a slope simulation device according to the soil data and salt crust data.

[0074] The rainfall erosion simulation device comprises a rainfall module, a runoff collection module and a crust monitoring module.

[0075] The erosion simulation unit is configured to use the rainfall erosion simulation device to perform rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device, obtain the crust monitoring data of the crust monitoring module in real time during the rainfall simulation, set the recording point when the crust monitoring data reaches the physical crust data, obtain the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point, stop the rainfall simulation, and obtain the runoff collection data of the runoff collection module.

[0076] The erosion impact analysis unit is configured to determine the erosion modulus of the slope simulation device according to the runoff collection data, and establish a relevant model of the impact of salt crust on slope erosion based on the erosion modulus and crust monitoring data.

[0077] The erosion simulation unit is also configured to stop the rainfall simulation, wait for the slope in the slope simulation device to dry naturally, obtain the final physical crust data of the slope simulation device through the crust monitoring module, the final physical crust data includes the final hardness of the physical crust and the final porosity of the physical crust, and determine the permeability of the slope in the slope simulation device according to the final physical crust data.

[0078] The slope simulation construction unit can accurately simulate the actual conditions of the slope to be tested, including soil properties, salt crust distribution, and the initial state of the physical crust, providing a highly simulated experimental environment for subsequent rainfall erosion simulation. The rainfall erosion simulation device integrates a rainfall module, a runoff collection module, and a crust monitoring module, which can fully simulate the erosion effect of the rainfall process on the slope, while monitoring the changes in the crust in real time. The erosion simulation unit uses this device to perform accurate rainfall simulation and obtain key data by setting recording points, providing strong support for subsequent analysis. The erosion impact analysis unit uses advanced algorithms to establish a relevant model of the impact of salt crust on slope erosion based on runoff collection data and crust monitoring data, realizing a quantitative assessment of the impact of slope erosion.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion, characterized in that: include: Collect soil data, salt crust data and physical crust data of the slope to be tested, and construct a slope simulation device according to the soil data and salt crust data; Constructing a rainfall erosion simulation device, the rainfall erosion simulation device comprising a rainfall module, a runoff collection module and a crust monitoring module; The slope simulation device is used to perform rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device, and the crust monitoring data of the crust monitoring module during the rainfall simulation is obtained in real time. When the crust monitoring data reaches the physical crust data, a recording point is set, and the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is obtained. After the rainfall simulation is stopped, the runoff collection data of the runoff collection module is obtained; The erosion modulus of the slope simulation device is determined according to the runoff collection data, and a relevant model of the influence of salt crust on slope erosion is established based on the erosion modulus.

2. The method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil data include: soil texture, soil bulk density, slope gradient, soil water content and soil porosity; The salt crust data include: salt crust moisture content, salt crust thickness, salt crust hardness and salt crust porosity; The physical crust data include: physical crust hardness and physical crust porosity.

3. The method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rainfall erosion simulation device is used to perform rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device, comprising: Acquire meteorological data of the area where the slope to be detected belongs, and set rainfall simulation data according to the meteorological data, wherein the rainfall simulation data includes rainfall intensity and rainfall duration; The slope simulation device is subjected to rainfall simulation according to the rainfall simulation data.

4. The method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 3, characterized in that: Real-time acquisition of crust monitoring data of the crust monitoring module during rainfall simulation, setting a recording point when the crust monitoring data reaches the physical crust data, and acquiring the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point, including: The crust monitoring module includes an electron microscope and a soil hardness meter, wherein the electron microscope is used to observe the microstructural changes and porosity of salt crust and physical crust, and the soil hardness meter is used to detect the hardness of the slope surface; The crust monitoring data include crust microstructure changes, porosity and slope surface hardness; Obtain the crust microstructure changes of the slope simulation device, and when it is determined that the salt crust is broken and the physical crust is generated, obtain the slope surface hardness; The slope surface hardness is compared with the physical crust hardness. If the slope surface hardness reaches the physical crust hardness, the current time is set as the recording point, and the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point is obtained.

5. The method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 4, characterized in that: After stopping the rainfall simulation, it also includes: Waiting for the slope in the slope simulation device to dry naturally, and obtaining final physical crusting data of the slope simulation device through a crusting monitoring module, wherein the final physical crusting data includes final hardness and final porosity of the physical crust; Determining the water permeability of the slope in the slope simulation device according to the final physical crust data; The water permeability is determined according to the following formula: P = (a × Kb × Y) × i; Among them, P represents the water permeability, K represents the final porosity of the physical crust, Y represents the final hardness of the physical crust, i represents the slope gradient, and a and b represent the water permeability influence coefficients.

6. The method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 5, characterized in that: Determining an erosion modulus of a slope simulation device based on the runoff collection data includes: The runoff collection data include runoff volume and sediment volume; The erosion modulus is determined according to the following formula: Me=Se / R; Among them, Me represents the erosion modulus, Se represents the amount of sediment, and R represents the runoff.

7. The method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before establishing a relevant model of the effect of salt crust on slope erosion based on the erosion modulus and crust monitoring data, it also includes: Based on the rainfall intensity and initial rainfall duration, determining a damage relationship between rainfall and salt crust according to the thickness and hardness of the salt crust; I×t=(D×h×H) / k; Among them, D represents the degree of damage, I represents the rainfall intensity, t represents the initial rainfall duration, h represents the thickness of the salt crust, H represents the hardness of the salt crust, and k represents the proportional constant.

8. The method for detecting the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the erosion modulus, a relevant model of the effect of salt crust on slope erosion is established, including: Determine the rainfall duration difference between the rainfall duration and the initial rainfall duration, and determine the physical crust hardness difference between the physical crust hardness and the physical crust final hardness; Based on the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration difference, and according to the physical crust hardness difference, determine the relationship between rainfall and the formation of physical crust; Based on the relationship between rainfall and the formation of physical crust, the relationship between rainfall and the destruction of salt crust, water permeability and erosion modulus, a relevant model of the influence of salt crust on slope erosion is established.

9. A detection system for the effect of salt crust on slope erosion, used for applying the detection method for the effect of salt crust on slope erosion as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: A slope simulation construction unit is configured to collect soil data, salt crust data and physical crust data of the slope to be detected, and construct a slope simulation device according to the soil data and salt crust data; A rainfall erosion simulation device, the rainfall erosion simulation device comprising a rainfall module, a runoff collection module and a crust monitoring module; an erosion simulation unit, configured to use the rainfall erosion simulation device to perform rainfall simulation on the slope simulation device, obtain the crusting monitoring data of the crusting monitoring module in real time during the rainfall simulation, set a recording point when the crusting monitoring data reaches the physical crusting data, obtain the initial rainfall duration corresponding to the recording point, stop the rainfall simulation, and obtain the runoff collection data of the runoff collection module; The erosion impact analysis unit is configured to determine the erosion modulus of the slope simulation device according to the runoff collection data, and establish a relevant model of the impact of salt crust on slope erosion based on the erosion modulus and crust monitoring data.

10. The detection system for the effect of salt crust on slope erosion according to claim 9, characterized in that: The erosion simulation unit is also configured to stop the rainfall simulation, wait for the slope in the slope simulation device to dry naturally, obtain the final physical crust data of the slope simulation device through the crust monitoring module, the final physical crust data includes the final hardness of the physical crust and the final porosity of the physical crust, and determine the permeability of the slope in the slope simulation device according to the final physical crust data.

Images