A detection method and system for hydrogeological and environmental geological structures based on ground penetrating radar

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detection method and system for hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structures based on ground penetrating radar, belonging to the technical field of detection of hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structures. Based on the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, the obtained ground penetrating radar image data and seismic wave data are jointly inverted, and the joint inversion result is compared with the actual situation. By determining the formation interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image, the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion are set, the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and the seismic wave is obtained, a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is established, the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is meshed, and by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the load action under the actual working condition is simulated, and the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure are obtained, and the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is monitored in real time. This method can improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structure detection, and more particularly to a detection method and system for hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures based on ground penetrating radar. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures refer to the geological structures and features underground and on the surface related to water conservancy projects, environmental projects and geological projects, including stratum distribution, lithological changes, faults, landslide bodies, groundwater flow, etc., which have important impacts on the stability, safety and economy of engineering projects. Understanding and accurately detecting these geological structures is a prerequisite for engineering design and construction.

[0003] The reason for detecting hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures is that accurate geological information helps to identify potential geological hazard risks, such as landslides, fault activities, groundwater gushing, etc., so as to take preventive measures to ensure project safety. By detecting geological structures, the engineering design scheme can be optimized, unnecessary geological treatment costs can be avoided, and the project cost can be reduced. Understanding geological structures helps to reasonably plan water resource utilization, protect the ecological environment and achieve the sustainable development of the project. Therefore, it is very necessary to detect hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures.

[0004] Traditional methods for detecting hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures mainly include drilling, adit exploration and geophysical prospecting. Although these methods can directly obtain physical samples of underground rock and soil layers, they are complex in operation, high in cost, and have certain damage to the surface and underground environments. Geophysical prospecting (such as resistivity method, electromagnetic method, etc.) has the advantages of non-destructiveness and fast measurement speed, but is greatly limited by terrain and geological conditions, and there are multiple solutions in the interpretation results, resulting in poor accuracy of detection results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in the above fields, the present invention proposes a detection method and system for hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures based on ground penetrating radar. By using a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar scanning system to perform grid scanning on the detection area, jointly inverting the ground penetrating radar image data and seismic wave data of each scanning point, and analyzing the ground penetrating radar image data, the stratum interface, lithological changes and abnormal bodies can be accurately identified. The established finite element model of hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures can simulate the load action under actual working conditions. By obtaining the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures, the change situation of hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures can be monitored in real time, and the accuracy and reliability of detection results are improved.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a detection method for hydrogeological, environmental and engineering geological structures based on ground penetrating radar, including the following steps:

[0007] According to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, continuous scanning is carried out along the set survey line to obtain the geological radar image data of each scanning point;

[0008] A plurality of measuring points are arranged around the detection area to collect seismic wave data;

[0009] Based on the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, the geological radar image data and seismic wave data are jointly inverted. The joint inversion result is compared with the actual situation. By determining the stratigraphic interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the geological radar image, the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion are set to obtain the joint inversion result of geological radar and seismic wave;

[0010] According to the joint inversion result of geological radar and seismic wave, a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is established; According to the finite element model, the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is meshed. By setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the load action under the actual working condition is simulated to obtain the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure;

[0011] According to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the change of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is monitored in real time.

[0012] Preferably, the obtaining of the joint inversion result of geological radar and seismic wave includes the following steps:

[0013] Synchronize the time and match the coordinates of the geological radar image data and the seismic wave data, and preprocess the seismic wave data, including denoising and baseline correction;

[0014] According to the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, set the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion. The initial velocity model is preliminarily divided according to the stratigraphic interface and lithology change in the geological radar image, and the density model is set by referring to known geological data or empirical values;

[0015] The selected joint inversion algorithms include Bayesian inversion and genetic algorithm inversion. Prepare the parameters according to the requirements of the joint inversion algorithm, including geological radar image data, seismic wave data and initial model;

[0016] Run the joint inversion algorithm, and gradually approximate the real geological structure through iterative calculation. During the inversion process, adjust the initial model parameters in time according to the adjustment suggestions feedback by the joint inversion algorithm;

[0017] Compare the joint inversion results with the actual situation to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the inversion. The evaluation results include the stratigraphic interfaces, lithology changes, and the positions of anomalies in the ground penetrating radar images. According to the evaluation results, adjust the parameters or initial models of the joint inversion algorithm, and repeat the inversion process until the set initial velocity model, density model, and parameters of the inversion meet the requirements.

[0018] Preferably, the obtaining of the key indicators of the stress distribution, displacement field, and bearing capacity of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure includes the following steps:

[0019] Based on the joint inversion results of the ground penetrating radar and seismic waves, determine the mechanical parameters such as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of each rock layer. Set the boundary conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure, including self-weight, water pressure, external loads, and the contact relationships between strata, and use the boundary conditions as constraint conditions to establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure through FLAC3D.

[0020] According to the finite element model, perform mesh generation on the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure through FLAC3D, and adjust the mesh size to 0.5 m to 2 m according to the complexity of the geological structure and the calculation requirements.

[0021] Run FLAC3D to simulate the load effects under actual working conditions, including uniform loading and concentrated loading. Perform finite element analysis and calculation on the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure through the software. During the calculation process, monitor the changes in the stress distribution, displacement field, and key indicators of the bearing capacity.

[0022] According to the monitored changes in the stress distribution, displacement field, and key indicators of the bearing capacity, analyze the stress distribution, displacement field, and key indicators of the bearing capacity of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure, evaluate the stability and safety of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure, and determine whether reinforcement measures are needed.

[0023] Preferably, the obtaining of the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point includes the following steps:

[0024] Select a ground penetrating radar device with a center frequency of 100 MHz, and adjust the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval.

[0025] Measure the boundary of the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure through a GPS locator; use a tape measure to measure the key distances; take rock or soil samples on the ground surface for preliminary lithology analysis; conduct tests on the pre-selected area; perform continuous scanning along the set survey line, record the ground penetrating radar image data, and adjust the gain and sampling interval parameters of the ground penetrating radar in a timely manner according to the test results.

[0026] According to the size and shape of the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure, use GIS software to plan the scanning grid, set the grid point spacing to 0.4 m to 0.6 m, and ensure that the entire area is evenly covered.

[0027] At each grid point, the scanning parameters configured for the ground penetrating radar include the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval, and the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval are consistent with the parameter settings corresponding to the selected ground penetrating radar device;

[0028] Start the automatic scanning function of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar scanning system, and perform scanning point by point along the planned grid path, and record the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, including the reflection intensity, travel time, and waveform characteristics.

[0029] Preferably, it also includes preprocessing the ground penetrating radar image data of each obtained scanning point, including the following steps:

[0030] After the scanning is completed, conduct a preliminary inspection on the collected data, eliminate abnormal data points caused by equipment failures or external interferences, and for missing or abnormal data, perform interpolation or re-scanning and complementing according to the data of adjacent points;

[0031] Use the filtering function in MATLAB to perform filtering processing on the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, set the Gaussian filter, window size, and threshold parameters, and obtain the filtered ground penetrating radar image;

[0032] Through the image processing function in MATLAB, analyze the filtered ground penetrating radar image to identify the distribution and properties of underground media, including formation interfaces, lithological changes, and abnormal bodies.

[0033] Preferably, the specific steps for real-time monitoring of the changes in the hydrogeological and engineering geological structure are as follows:

[0034] Arrange groundwater monitoring wells in the exploration area of the hydrogeological and engineering geological structure, install water level gauges and water quality monitoring equipment, regularly record monitoring data including water levels and water quality indicators, and establish a groundwater dynamic database;

[0035] Establish a groundwater flow model through MODFLOW, determine the formation permeability and storage coefficient parameters according to the geological structure characteristics and the data in the groundwater dynamic database; set the boundary conditions of the groundwater flow model including water source recharge and discharge conditions, input the monitoring data as the initial conditions into the groundwater flow model, and run the groundwater flow model for groundwater dynamic simulation;

[0036] Evaluate the impact of groundwater changes on the bearing capacity of the geological structure according to the simulation results, and predict the future change trend of the groundwater level.

[0037] Preferably, during the process of obtaining the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, the value of the pulse width is set within the range of 0.095 ns to 0.105 ns, the value of the receiving antenna gain is between 39.5 dB and 40.5 dB, and the sampling interval is within the tolerance range of 0.009 m to 0.011 m.

[0038] Preferably, there is also provided a hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure detection system based on ground penetrating radar, including:

[0039] A data acquisition module, configured to continuously scan along a set survey line according to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point; set multiple measuring points around the detection area to collect seismic wave data;

[0040] A data inversion module, configured to jointly invert the ground penetrating radar image data and the seismic wave data based on the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, compare the joint inversion result with the actual situation, determine the formation interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image, set the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion, and obtain the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and the seismic wave;

[0041] A data monitoring module, configured to establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and the seismic wave; perform mesh division on the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the finite element model, simulate the load action under the actual working condition by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and obtain the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure; monitor the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time according to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure.

[0042] Preferably, a computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the following steps:

[0043] Continuously scan along a set survey line according to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point;

[0044] Set multiple measuring points around the detection area to collect seismic wave data;

[0045] Jointly invert the ground penetrating radar image data and the seismic wave data based on the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, compare the joint inversion result with the actual situation, determine the formation interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image, set the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion, and obtain the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and the seismic wave;

[0046] According to the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves, a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is established; according to the finite element model, the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is meshed, and by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the load action under actual working conditions is simulated, and the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure are obtained;

[0047] According to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is monitored in real time.

[0048] Preferably, it further includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor performs the following steps:

[0049] According to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, continuous scanning is carried out along the set survey line to obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point;

[0050] A plurality of measuring points are arranged around the detection area to collect seismic wave data;

[0051] Based on the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, the ground penetrating radar image data and seismic wave data are jointly inverted, the joint inversion results are compared with the actual situation, and by determining the stratigraphic interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image, the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion are set to obtain the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves;

[0052] According to the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves, a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is established; according to the finite element model, the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is meshed, and by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the load action under actual working conditions is simulated, and the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure are obtained;

[0053] According to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is monitored in real time.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] The method for detecting the hydro-environmental geological structure based on geological radar proposed in the present invention can fully cover the detection area of the hydro-environmental geological structure through continuous scanning, obtain detailed geological radar image data, and provide a basis for subsequent analysis. The collected seismic wave data provides information on the deep part of the geological structure, complements the geological radar image data, and enhances the accuracy and depth of detection. Through joint inversion, the stratigraphic interface, lithologic changes and the location of abnormal bodies in the hydro-environmental geological structure can be more accurately revealed, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection of the hydro-environmental geological structure. Through the establishment and analysis of the finite element model, the load effect under actual working conditions can be simulated, and the stress distribution, displacement field and bearing capacity key indicators of the hydro-environmental geological structure can be obtained, providing a basis for the stability and safety assessment of the hydro-environmental geological structure. At the same time, by real-time monitoring of the changes in the hydro-environmental geological structure, the changing trend of the geological structure can be discovered in a timely manner, providing early warning and decision-making support for taking necessary reinforcement measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for detecting water conservancy and environmental geological structures based on geological radar proposed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following is a combination of the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only used to describe specific implementation methods and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a method for detecting water conservancy and environmental geological structures based on geological radar, which includes the following steps:

[0059] S1: According to the detection area boundary of the hydraulic and geological structure, continuous scanning is carried out along the set survey line to obtain geological radar image data of each scanning point;

[0060] S2: Set up multiple measuring points around the detection area to collect seismic wave data;

[0061] S3: Based on the geological structure and detection targets of the detection area, the geological radar image data and seismic wave data are jointly inverted, and the joint inversion results are compared with the actual situation. By determining the stratigraphic interface, lithologic changes and abnormal body locations in the geological radar image, the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion are set to obtain the joint inversion results of the geological radar and seismic wave;

[0062] S4: Establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves; divide the mesh of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the finite element model, simulate the load action under actual working conditions by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and obtain the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure;

[0063] S5: Monitor the change of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time according to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure.

[0064] Specifically, obtaining the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves includes the following steps:

[0065] Synchronize the time and match the coordinates of the ground penetrating radar image data and the seismic wave data, and preprocess the seismic wave data, including denoising and baseline correction;

[0066] According to the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, set the initial velocity model, density model and parameters for inversion. The initial velocity model is preliminarily divided according to the stratigraphic interface and lithology change in the ground penetrating radar image, and the density model is set by referring to known geological data or empirical values;

[0067] The selected joint inversion algorithms include Bayesian inversion and genetic algorithm inversion. Prepare the parameters according to the requirements of the joint inversion algorithm, including ground penetrating radar image data, seismic wave data and initial model;

[0068] Run the joint inversion algorithm, and gradually approximate the real geological structure through iterative calculation. During the inversion process, adjust the initial model parameters in time according to the adjustment suggestions fed back by the joint inversion algorithm;

[0069] Compare the joint inversion results with the actual situation, evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the inversion. The evaluation results include the stratigraphic interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image; according to the evaluation results, adjust the parameters of the joint inversion algorithm or the initial model, and repeat the inversion process until the set initial velocity model, density model and parameters for inversion meet the requirements.

[0070] Obtaining the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure includes the following steps:

[0071] According to the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves, determine the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and other mechanical parameters of each rock layer, set the boundary conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure including self-weight, water pressure, external load and contact relationship between strata, and use the boundary conditions as constraint conditions to establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure through FLAC3D;

[0072] According to the finite element model, the hydrogeological structure is meshed by FLAC3D, and the mesh size is adjusted to 0.5 m to 2 m according to the complexity of the geological structure and the calculation requirements;

[0073] Run FLAC3D to simulate the load effects under actual working conditions, including uniform loading and concentrated loading. Perform finite element analysis and calculation on the hydrogeological structure through the software. During the calculation process, monitor the changes in key indicators such as stress distribution, displacement field, and bearing capacity;

[0074] According to the monitored changes in stress distribution, displacement field, and key indicators of bearing capacity, analyze the stress distribution, displacement field, and key indicators of bearing capacity of the hydrogeological structure, evaluate the stability and safety of the hydrogeological structure, and determine whether reinforcement measures are needed.

[0075] Obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, including the following steps:

[0076] Select a ground penetrating radar device with a center frequency of 100 MHz, and adjust the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval;

[0077] Measure the boundary of the detection area of the hydrogeological structure by a GPS locator, measure the key distances with a tape measure, take rock or soil samples on the ground surface for preliminary lithology analysis, test the pre-selected area, conduct continuous scanning along the set survey line, record the ground penetrating radar image data, and adjust the gain and sampling interval parameters of the ground penetrating radar in a timely manner according to the test results;

[0078] According to the size and shape of the detection area of the hydrogeological structure, use GIS software to plan the scanning grid, set the grid point spacing to 0.4 m to 0.6 m to ensure that the entire area is evenly covered;

[0079] At each grid point, configure the scanning parameters of the ground penetrating radar, including the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval, and the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval are consistent with the parameter settings corresponding to the selected ground penetrating radar device;

[0080] Start the automatic scanning function of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar scanning system, scan point by point according to the planned grid path, and record the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, including reflection intensity, travel time, and waveform characteristics.

[0081] Preprocess the ground penetrating radar image data of each obtained scanning point, including the following steps:

[0082] After the scanning is completed, a preliminary inspection is carried out on the collected data, and abnormal data points caused by equipment failures or external interferences are excluded. For missing or abnormal data, interpolation is performed based on adjacent point data or rescan is carried out for completion;

[0083] Using the filtering function in MATLAB, the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point is filtered. Gaussian filter, window size and threshold parameters are set to obtain the filtered ground penetrating radar image;

[0084] Through the image processing function in MATLAB, the filtered ground penetrating radar image is analyzed to identify the distribution and properties of underground media, including formation interfaces, lithological changes and anomalies.

[0085] The change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is monitored in real time, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0086] Groundwater monitoring wells are arranged in the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and water level gauges and water quality monitoring instrument equipment are installed. Monitoring data including water level and water quality indicators are regularly recorded to establish a groundwater dynamic database;

[0087] A groundwater flow model is established through MODFLOW. According to the geological structure characteristics and the data in the groundwater dynamic database, formation permeability and storage coefficient parameters are determined; boundary conditions of the groundwater flow model including water source recharge and discharge conditions are set, and the monitoring data is input into the groundwater flow model as initial conditions, and the groundwater flow model is run for groundwater dynamic simulation;

[0088] According to the simulation results, the influence of groundwater change on the bearing capacity of the geological structure is evaluated, and the future change trend of the groundwater level is predicted.

[0089] During the process of obtaining the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, the value of the pulse width is set within the range of 0.095 ns to 0.105 ns, the value of the receiving antenna gain is between 39.5 dB and 40.5 dB, and the sampling interval is within the tolerance range of 0.009 m to 0.011 m.

[0090] The present invention also proposes a hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure detection system based on a ground penetrating radar, including:

[0091] A data acquisition module, which is used to continuously scan along the set survey line according to the boundary of the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure to obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point; a plurality of measuring points are set around the detection area to collect seismic wave data;

[0092] A data inversion module, which is used to jointly invert the ground penetrating radar image data and seismic wave data based on the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, compare the joint inversion result with the actual situation, determine the stratigraphic interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image, set the initial velocity model, density model and parameters of the inversion, and obtain the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and seismic wave;

[0093] A data monitoring module, which is used to establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and seismic wave; mesh the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the finite element model, simulate the load action under the actual working condition by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and obtain the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure; monitor the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time according to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure.

[0094] The hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure detection method based on ground penetrating radar proposed by the present invention can comprehensively cover the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure through continuous scanning, obtain detailed ground penetrating radar image data, and provide a basis for subsequent analysis. The collected seismic wave data provides information on the deep part of the geological structure, complements the ground penetrating radar image data, and enhances the accuracy and depth of detection. Through joint inversion, the stratigraphic interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure can be more accurately revealed, improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure. Through the establishment and analysis of the finite element model, the load action under the actual working condition can be simulated, the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure can be obtained, providing a basis for the stability and safety evaluation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure. At the same time, by monitoring the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time, the change trend of the geological structure can be found in time, providing early warning and decision-making support for taking necessary reinforcement measures.

[0095] In summary, the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure detection method based on ground penetrating radar proposed by the present invention realizes high-precision detection and comprehensive analysis of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure by comprehensively using ground penetrating radar and seismic wave data, combining joint inversion technology and finite element analysis method. It not only improves the accuracy and reliability of the detection of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, but also can monitor the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time, provides technical support for the design, construction and monitoring of hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological projects, more effectively evaluates the stability and safety of the geological structure, and provides a scientific basis for the safe operation of the project and disaster prevention.

[0096] Embodiment

[0097] In order to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed by the present invention, the present invention takes a hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure detection method based on ground penetrating radar as an example for the following analysis.

[0098] This method is implemented based on a ground penetrating radar device and a data transmission system. During the actual application process, it includes the following steps:

[0099] Step 1: Select a ground penetrating radar device with a center frequency of 100 MHz, ensure that the transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, and control system are normal, and adjust the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval.

[0100] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0101] Precisely adjust the center frequency of the ground penetrating radar to 100 MHz, input the frequency value using the radar control panel and confirm; set the pulse width to 0.1 ns, which is achieved by adjusting the time delay parameter of the pulse generator, ensuring that the pulse width is within the range of 0.095 ns to 0.105 ns; gradually increase the gain of the receiving antenna to 40 dB, conduct signal tests after each adjustment, ensuring that the gain value is stable between 39.5 dB and 40.5 dB; set the sampling interval to 0.01 m, check the actual application effect of the sampling interval after confirmation, ensuring that it is within the tolerance range of 0.009 m to 0.011 m.

[0102] Step 2: Use a GPS locator to measure the boundary of the detection area of the hydrogeological and engineering geological structure, use a tape measure to measure key distances, take rock or soil samples on the ground surface for preliminary lithology analysis, select a representative area for testing based on the preliminary exploration results, conduct continuous scanning along the set survey line, record the ground penetrating radar image data, and adjust the gain and sampling interval parameters of the ground penetrating radar in a timely manner according to the test effect.

[0103] Step 3: Use a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar scanning system to conduct grid scanning of the detection area, ensure that each point is scanned, and record the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, including reflection intensity, travel time, and waveform characteristics.

[0104] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0105] According to the size and shape of the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, use GIS software to plan the scanning grid, set the grid point spacing to be 0.4 meters to 0.6 meters to ensure that the entire area is evenly covered; at each grid point, configure the scanning parameters of the ground penetrating radar, including setting the center frequency, pulse width, gain and sampling interval as in step 1, to ensure that the scanning conditions at each point are consistent; start the automatic scanning function of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar scanning system, and scan point by point according to the planned grid path, and record the ground penetrating radar image data of each point, including reflection intensity, travel time and waveform characteristics; after the scanning is completed, conduct a preliminary inspection of the collected data, eliminate abnormal data points caused by equipment failures or external interferences, and for missing or abnormal data, interpolate or re-scan according to the data of adjacent points to complete; sort the qualified data according to the grid point positions to form a three-dimensional data set, store the data set on the storage medium, and back it up to the remote server.

[0106] Step 4: Process and analyze the scanned data, import the ground penetrating radar image data in step 3, use the three-dimensional modeling function to generate a three-dimensional model of the geological structure, and perform smoothing, cutting and rendering operations on the model to improve the accuracy and visualization effect of the model.

[0107] Step 5: Use the filtering function in MATLAB to filter the ground penetrating radar image data, set the Gaussian filter, window size and threshold parameters, and evaluate whether the filtering effect meets the requirements by comparing the images before and after filtering.

[0108] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0109] Select the Gaussian filter in MATLAB for image filtering, adjust the filter window to 3×3 to 7×7 pixels, and set the threshold parameter to 0.05 to 0.15; call the filtering function in MATLAB to filter the ground penetrating radar image data; compare the images before and after filtering, observe the reduction of noise and the improvement of image clarity, and use the signal-to-noise ratio and peak signal-to-noise ratio indicators to evaluate the filtering effect; according to the evaluation results, adjust the filter window size and threshold parameters, and repeat the filtering process and effect evaluation steps until the best filtering effect is achieved.

[0110] Step 6: Use the image processing function in MATLAB to analyze the filtered ground penetrating radar image, identify the distribution and properties of underground media, including stratigraphic interfaces, lithological changes and anomalies, mark the positions and properties of key geological structures on the image, and record the relevant information.

[0111] Step 7: Arrange seismic wave receiving devices and connect them to the data acquisition system. Set up multiple measuring points around the detection area, simultaneously generate seismic waves and record the received waveform data. Organize and analyze the collected seismic wave data, extract key information such as wave velocity and amplitude, perform joint inversion on the geological radar image data and seismic wave data, set the initial velocity model, density model and parameters for inversion according to the geological structure and detection target, and evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the inversion by comparing the inversion results with the actual situation.

[0112] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0113] Synchronize the time and match the coordinates of the geological radar image data and seismic wave data, and preprocess the seismic wave data, including denoising and baseline correction; set the initial velocity model, density model and parameters for inversion according to the geological structure and detection target. The velocity model is preliminarily divided according to the stratigraphic interface and lithology changes in the geological radar image, and the density model is set with reference to known geological data or empirical values; select a suitable joint inversion algorithm, such as Bayesian inversion or genetic algorithm inversion, and prepare the input data, that is, parameters, according to the algorithm requirements, including geological radar image data, seismic wave data and initial model; run the joint inversion algorithm, gradually approach the real geological structure through iterative calculation. During the inversion process, adjust the initial model parameters in a timely manner according to the adjustment suggestions fed back by the algorithm; compare the inversion results with the actual situation, evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the inversion. The evaluation results include the stratigraphic interface, lithology changes and the location of abnormal bodies in the geological radar image. Adjust the inversion algorithm parameters or the initial model according to the evaluation results, and repeat the inversion process until the requirements are met.

[0114] Step 8: Determine the mechanical parameters such as elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of each rock layer according to the joint inversion results of geological radar and seismic waves. Set the boundary conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, including self-weight, water pressure and external loads and the contact relationship between strata as constraint conditions, and use FLAC3D to mesh the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure.

[0115] Step 9: Establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, simulate the load effects under actual working conditions, including uniform loading and concentrated loading, obtain the key indexes of stress distribution, displacement field and bearing capacity of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure through software calculation, evaluate the stability and safety of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the calculation results, and judge whether reinforcement measures need to be taken.

[0116] Step 10: Reasonably arrange groundwater monitoring wells within the detection area, install water level gauges and water quality monitoring equipment, regularly record the monitoring data, establish a groundwater dynamic database, use MODFLOW to establish a groundwater flow model, consider formation permeability and storage coefficient parameters, set the boundary conditions of the model, including water source recharge and discharge conditions, input the monitoring data as the initial conditions, run the model for groundwater dynamic simulation, and evaluate the impact of groundwater changes on the bearing capacity of the geological structure according to the simulation results, and predict the future change trend of the groundwater level.

[0117] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0118] According to the joint inversion results of geological radar and seismic waves, use FLAC3D to establish a finite element model of the geological structure; conduct mesh division on the geological structure, and adjust the mesh size to 0.5 meters to 2 meters according to the complexity of the geological structure and calculation requirements; set the boundary conditions of the hydrogeological structure, including self-weight, water pressure external load, and contact relationship between strata as constraint conditions; run FLAC3D to conduct finite element analysis and calculation on the geological structure, and during the calculation process, monitor the changes in stress distribution, displacement field, and key bearing capacity indicators; according to the calculation results, analyze the stress distribution, displacement field, and key bearing capacity indicators of the hydrogeological structure, and evaluate the stability and safety of the hydrogeological structure.

[0119] Step 11: Arrange long-term monitoring points at the geological structure parts of the fault zone and landslide body, install displacement monitors and stress monitors, and monitor the changes in the hydrogeological structure in real time.

[0120] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0121] Reasonably arrange groundwater monitoring wells within the detection area, install water level gauges and water quality monitoring equipment, regularly record the monitoring data, including water level and water quality indicators, and establish a groundwater dynamic database; use MODFLOW to establish a groundwater flow model, set formation permeability and storage coefficient parameters according to the characteristics of the hydrogeological structure and the data in the groundwater dynamic database; input the monitoring data as the initial conditions into the model, including the initial water level and water quality indicators of each monitoring well; run MODFLOW for groundwater dynamic simulation, and according to the simulation results, evaluate the impact of groundwater changes on the bearing capacity of the geological structure, and predict the future change trend of the groundwater level.

[0122] Step 12: Establish a data transmission system to ensure that the monitoring data can be uploaded to the data center in real time.

[0123] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0124] Long-term monitoring points are arranged at the geological structure parts of fault zones and landslide bodies, and displacement monitoring instruments and stress monitoring instrument equipment are installed; a data transmission system is established, and the data transmission system includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, and a data reception module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data from the monitoring equipment, and the data transmission module transmits the data to the data reception module by wired or wireless means; the parameters of the data transmission system are set, including the transmission frequency, data format, and transmission protocol; a data reception system is established on a data center or a remote server to receive and store the data from the monitoring points; the received monitoring data is monitored and analyzed in real time, and the monitoring data and analysis results are regularly sorted into reports.

[0125] Based on the fact that ground-penetrating radar can emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves, penetrate the shallow surface layer of the earth, obtain high-resolution geological structure images, accurately identify stratigraphic interfaces, lithological changes, and anomalies, cause little damage to the surface and underground environments during the detection process, have little impact on the environment, are portable, and are flexible to operate, and are applicable to various complex terrains and geological conditions. When processing the obtained ground-penetrating radar image data, a variety of technical means such as 3D scanning, filtering processing, image processing, and joint inversion are combined to improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection results. Through the data transmission system, the changes in the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structures can be monitored in real time, potential risks can be discovered in a timely manner, and its capabilities of high resolution, non-destructiveness, and real-time monitoring can greatly reduce project risks and costs.

[0126] The above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0127] In addition, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

Claims

1. A detection method for hydrogeological and engineering geological structures based on ground penetrating radar, characterized in that It includes the following steps: According to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, continuous scanning is carried out along the set survey line to obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point; A plurality of measuring points are set around the detection area to collect seismic wave data; Synchronize the time and match the coordinates of the ground penetrating radar image data and the seismic wave data, and preprocess the seismic wave data, including denoising and baseline correction; According to the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, set the initial velocity model and density model for inversion. The initial velocity model is preliminarily divided according to the stratigraphic interface and lithology change in the ground penetrating radar image, and the density model is set by referring to known geological data or empirical values; The selected joint inversion algorithms include Bayesian inversion and genetic algorithm inversion, and prepare parameters according to the requirements of the joint inversion algorithm, including ground penetrating radar image data, seismic wave data, and initial velocity model; Run the joint inversion algorithm, and gradually approximate the real geological structure through iterative calculation. During the inversion process, adjust the initial velocity model in a timely manner according to the adjustment suggestions fed back by the joint inversion algorithm; Compare the joint inversion result with the actual situation, evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the inversion. The evaluation results include the stratigraphic interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image; according to the evaluation results, adjust the parameters of the joint inversion algorithm, and repeat the inversion process until the set initial velocity model and density model for inversion meet the requirements; Establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and seismic wave; according to the finite element model, perform mesh division on the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and simulate the load action under the actual working conditions by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, so as to obtain the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure; According to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, monitor the change of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time.

2. The hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure detection method based on ground penetrating radar according to claim 1, wherein, The obtaining of the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure includes the following steps: According to the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and seismic wave, determine the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio mechanical parameters of each rock layer, set the boundary conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure including self-weight, water pressure external load and contact relationship between strata, and use the boundary conditions as constraint conditions to establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure through FLAC3D; According to the finite element model, perform mesh division on the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure through FLAC3D, and adjust the mesh size to 0.5 m to 2 m according to the complexity of the geological structure and calculation requirements; Run FLAC3D to simulate the load action under the actual working conditions, including uniform loading and concentrated loading, perform finite element analysis and calculation on the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure through the software, and monitor the change of the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes during the calculation process; According to the change of the monitored stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes, analyze the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, evaluate the stability and safety of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and judge whether reinforcement measures need to be taken.

3. The detection method of hydrogeological and environmental geological structure based on ground penetrating radar according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition of ground penetrating radar (GPR) image data for each scanning point includes the following steps: Select a GPR device with a center frequency of 100 MHz and adjust the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval; Measure the boundary of the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure using a GPS locator, measure the key distances using a tape measure, take rock or soil samples on the ground surface for preliminary lithology analysis, test the pre-selected area, conduct continuous scanning along the set survey line, record the GPR image data, and adjust the gain and sampling interval parameters of the GPR in a timely manner according to the test results; According to the size and shape of the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure, use GIS software to plan the scanning grid, set the grid point spacing to be 0.4 m to 0.6 m to ensure that the entire area is evenly covered; At each grid point, configure the scanning parameters of the GPR, including the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval, and the settings of the center frequency, pulse width, receiving antenna gain, and sampling interval are consistent with the parameters of the selected GPR device; Start the automatic scanning function of the three-dimensional GPR scanning system, scan point by point according to the planned grid path, and record the GPR image data of each scanning point, including the reflection intensity, travel time, and waveform characteristics.

4. The detection method of hydrogeological cycle geological structure based on ground penetrating radar according to claim 3, characterized in that It also includes preprocessing the GPR image data of each scanning point obtained, including the following steps: After the scanning is completed, conduct a preliminary inspection of the collected data, eliminate the abnormal data points caused by equipment failures or external interferences, and for the missing or abnormal data, perform interpolation or re-scanning to complete it according to the data of adjacent points; Use the filtering function in MATLAB to perform filtering processing on the GPR image data of each scanning point, set the Gaussian filter, window size, and threshold parameters to obtain the filtered GPR image; Through the image processing function in MATLAB, analyze the filtered GPR image to identify the distribution and properties of underground media, including stratigraphic interfaces, lithology changes, and anomalies.

5. The detection method of hydrogeological and environmental geological structure based on ground penetrating radar according to claim 4, characterized in that, The real-time monitoring of the changes in the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure specifically includes the following steps: Arrange groundwater monitoring wells within the detection area of the hydrogeological, engineering geological, and environmental geological structure, install water level gauges and water quality monitoring equipment, regularly record the monitoring data including water levels and water quality indicators, and establish a groundwater dynamic database; Establish a groundwater flow model using MODFLOW, determine the formation permeability and storage coefficient parameters according to the geological structure characteristics and the data in the groundwater dynamic database; set the boundary conditions of the groundwater flow model, including the water source recharge and discharge conditions, input the monitoring data as the initial conditions into the groundwater flow model, and run the groundwater flow model for groundwater dynamic simulation; Evaluate the impact of groundwater changes on the bearing capacity of the geological structure according to the simulation results and predict the future trend of groundwater level changes.

6. The detection method for hydrogeological and engineering geological structures based on ground penetrating radar according to claim 5, characterized in that During the process of obtaining the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point, the value of the pulse width is set within the range of 0.095 ns to 0.105 ns, the value of the receiving antenna gain is between 39.5 dB and 40.5 dB, and the sampling interval is within the tolerance range of 0.009 m to 0.011 m.

7. A hydrogeological and environmental geological structure detection system based on ground penetrating radar, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module for continuously scanning along a set survey line according to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure to obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point; A plurality of measuring points are arranged around the detection area to collect seismic wave data; A data inversion module for synchronizing the time and matching the coordinates of the ground penetrating radar image data and the seismic wave data, and preprocessing the seismic wave data, including denoising and baseline correction; setting the initial velocity model and density model for inversion according to the geological structure and detection target of the detection area, the initial velocity model is preliminarily divided according to the stratigraphic interface and lithology change in the ground penetrating radar image, and the density model is set by referring to known geological data or empirical values; the selected joint inversion algorithms include Bayesian inversion and genetic algorithm inversion, and parameters are prepared according to the requirements of the joint inversion algorithm, including ground penetrating radar image data, seismic wave data, and initial velocity model; running the joint inversion algorithm, gradually approaching the real geological structure through iterative calculation, and during the inversion process, timely adjusting the initial velocity model according to the adjustment suggestions fed back by the joint inversion algorithm; comparing the joint inversion result with the actual situation, evaluating the accuracy and reliability of the inversion, and the evaluation results include the stratigraphic interface, lithology change and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image; according to the evaluation results, adjusting the parameters of the joint inversion algorithm and repeating the inversion process until the set initial velocity model and density model for inversion meet the requirements; A data monitoring module for establishing a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the joint inversion result of the ground penetrating radar and the seismic wave; dividing the grid of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the finite element model, simulating the load action under the actual working condition by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and obtaining the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure; monitoring the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time according to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure.

8. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the following steps: Continuously scan along the set survey line according to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure to obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point; Arrange a plurality of measuring points around the detection area to collect seismic wave data; Synchronize the time and match the coordinates of the ground penetrating radar image data and the seismic wave data, and preprocess the seismic wave data, including denoising and baseline correction; Set the initial velocity model and density model for inversion according to the geological structure and detection target of the detection area. The initial velocity model is preliminarily divided according to the stratigraphic interface and lithology change in the ground penetrating radar image, and the density model is set by referring to known geological data or empirical values. The selected joint inversion algorithms include Bayesian inversion and genetic algorithm inversion. Prepare parameters according to the requirements of the joint inversion algorithms, including ground penetrating radar image data, seismic wave data, and initial velocity model. Run the joint inversion algorithms, and gradually approximate the real geological structure through iterative calculation. During the inversion process, adjust the initial velocity model in a timely manner according to the adjustment suggestions feedback by the joint inversion algorithms. Compare the joint inversion results with the actual situation, and evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the inversion. The evaluation results include the stratigraphic interface, lithology change, and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image. According to the evaluation results, adjust the parameters of the joint inversion algorithms, and repeat the inversion process until the set initial velocity model and density model for inversion meet the requirements. Establish a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure according to the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves. According to the finite element model, conduct mesh division on the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, and simulate the load action under actual working conditions by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, so as to obtain the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure. Monitor the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure in real time according to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor performs the following steps: According to the detection area boundary of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, conduct continuous scanning along the set survey line to obtain the ground penetrating radar image data of each scanning point. Set multiple measuring points around the detection area and collect seismic wave data. Synchronize the time and match the coordinates of the ground penetrating radar image data and the seismic wave data, and preprocess the seismic wave data, including denoising and baseline correction. Set the initial velocity model and density model for inversion according to the geological structure and detection target of the detection area. The initial velocity model is preliminarily divided according to the stratigraphic interface and lithology change in the ground penetrating radar image, and the density model is set by referring to known geological data or empirical values. The selected joint inversion algorithms include Bayesian inversion and genetic algorithm inversion. Prepare parameters according to the requirements of the joint inversion algorithms, including ground penetrating radar image data, seismic wave data, and initial velocity model. Run the joint inversion algorithms, and gradually approximate the real geological structure through iterative calculation. During the inversion process, adjust the initial velocity model in a timely manner according to the adjustment suggestions feedback by the joint inversion algorithms. Compare the joint inversion results with the actual situation, and evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the inversion. The evaluation results include the stratigraphic interface, lithology change, and abnormal body position in the ground penetrating radar image. According to the evaluation results, adjust the parameters of the joint inversion algorithms, and repeat the inversion process until the set initial velocity model and density model for inversion meet the requirements. Based on the joint inversion results of ground penetrating radar and seismic waves, a finite element model of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is established; according to the finite element model, the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is meshed, and by setting the constraint conditions of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the load action under actual working conditions is simulated, and the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure are obtained; According to the stress distribution, displacement field and key bearing capacity indexes of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure, the change situation of the hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological structure is monitored in real time.

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