A formation coordination method based on manned-unmanned hybrid heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicle group

Abstract

The application provides a formation coordination method based on manned aircraft commanding heterogeneous unmanned aircraft groups, and belongs to the technical field of unmanned aircraft formation control. The method comprises the following steps: at least two first-type unmanned aircrafts and at least two second-type unmanned aircrafts are carried by a manned aircraft to form a coordinated formation, wherein the manned aircraft is located at the rear of the coordinated formation and keeps silent, the first-type unmanned aircrafts are arranged in a transverse queue at the front of the coordinated formation and are used for being responsible for front detection of the coordinated formation, and the second-type unmanned aircrafts are arranged in a predetermined formation between the manned aircraft and the first-type unmanned aircrafts and are used for being responsible for passive detection and electromagnetic interference.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of aircraft cooperative control, and particularly relates to a formation cooperative method based on manned aircraft commanding heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicle group. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the aerial confrontation, the traditional aircraft needs to use the detection sensor, self-defense jamming device and projectile carried by itself to realize the whole process of the killing chain from discovering the target, tracking the target, to launching the projectile and completing the guidance. This process has the following limitations: (1) the detection distance is limited, especially for the hidden target, the detection distance of the radar and light radar of the aircraft is greatly compressed, which leads to the inability to match the range of the projectile; (2) the aircraft is easy to be exposed, once the aircraft radar is turned on, the radio frequency signal is easily intercepted by the electromagnetic reconnaissance equipment of the target aircraft, thereby exposing the position of the aircraft; (3) the electromagnetic interference capability is limited, the traditional aircraft only has self-defense jamming capability, the jamming power and style are limited, the jamming angle of the target radar is small, the jamming effect is poor, and it is difficult to ensure the safety of the aircraft; (4) the electromagnetic reconnaissance effect is poor, the frequency band covered by the ESM (Electronic Support Measures) system of the traditional aircraft is limited, and the direction finding capability of the radiation source signal is poor; (5) the mobility of the electronic jamming pod is limited, in order to improve the electromagnetic detection capability, the traditional fighter aircraft usually carries an electronic jamming pod, which not only destroys the stealth characteristics of the aircraft, but also seriously reduces the mobility of the aircraft; (6) it is difficult to leave in time after launching the projectile, after the traditional fighter aircraft launches the projectile, it needs to continuously guide the projectile until the target is intercepted by the projectile seeker. During this period, the manned aircraft cannot leave, which puts the aircraft in danger. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a formation cooperative method based on manned aircraft commanding heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicle group, to solve or alleviate at least one problem in the background art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present application is: a formation cooperative method based on manned aircraft commanding heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicle group, comprising: at least two first type unmanned aerial vehicles and at least two second type unmanned aerial vehicles are carried by the manned aircraft to form a cooperative formation, wherein the manned aircraft is at the rear of the cooperative formation and keeps silent, the first type unmanned aerial vehicles are deployed in a horizontal queue at the front of the cooperative formation to be responsible for the front detection of the cooperative formation, and the second type unmanned aerial vehicles are deployed in a predetermined formation between the manned aircraft and the first type unmanned aerial vehicles to be responsible for passive detection and electromagnetic jamming.

[0005] Preferably, the first type unmanned aerial vehicle is an optical-electric unmanned aerial vehicle, and the second type unmanned aerial vehicle is an electromagnetic unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0006] Preferably, the photoelectric UAVs are two in number and deployed in a horizontal queue at a distance of 50km to 60km in front of the manned aircraft to form a detection baseline of not less than 50km.

[0007] The electromagnetic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) consist of four UAVs deployed in a diamond formation 30 km ahead of the manned aircraft, with a spacing of 20 km to 30 km between them.

[0008] Preferably, during the forward movement, the photoelectric UAVs periodically scan the area where the target aircraft may exist according to their assigned tasks. When one photoelectric UAV detects the target aircraft, it immediately guides the other photoelectric UAV to perform cooperative positioning and autonomously plans its flight path to maintain stable tracking of the target aircraft. After the two photoelectric UAVs complete data fusion, they report the position and speed information of the target aircraft to the manned aircraft.

[0009] Preferably, one of the electromagnetic UAVs simulates the target-locking radar radiation signal and behavior pattern of a manned aircraft, scans the airspace range where the target aircraft may exist, triggers the target aircraft system alarm, and induces the target aircraft to turn on its radar to search.

[0010] The remaining electromagnetic UAVs maintain a passive detection mode. When the target aircraft turns on its radar, they immediately perform cooperative passive positioning to obtain the target aircraft's position information. The target aircraft's position information is then transmitted to the electro-optical UAV via a manned aircraft to guide the electro-optical UAV to detect the target aircraft.

[0011] Preferably, when the electromagnetic UAV detects the target aircraft, it guides the manned aircraft to maneuver and take up a position. At the same time, the electromagnetic UAV, which simulates the target locking radar radiation signal and behavior pattern of the manned aircraft, switches to a simulated radar tracking mode to induce the target aircraft to launch projectiles for attack.

[0012] Preferably, the manned aircraft completes the preparation of the projectile and the positioning for attack based on the target aircraft's position and speed information reported by the electro-optical UAV. After launching the projectile, it immediately disengages and hands it over to the electro-optical UAV for relay guidance. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided in this application, the accompanying drawings will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the formation coordination method for heterogeneous UAV swarms based on manned aircraft commanding the present application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] This application proposes a formation coordination method based on manned aircraft commanding heterogeneous UAV swarms. By distributing and deploying manned aircraft and heterogeneous UAVs in a tiered manner, a functionally complementary, interconnected, and decentralized aerial game system can be constructed.

[0017] like Figure 1 The diagram shows the formation coordination method for heterogeneous UAV swarms based on manned aircraft command and control provided in this application. The manned aircraft takes off carrying at least two Type 1 UAVs and at least two Type 2 UAVs. After arriving at the designated airspace, the manned aircraft sequentially releases and launches the Type 1 UAVs and the Type 2 UAVs.

[0018] In this application, the first type of drone is an electro-optical drone, and the second type of drone is an electromagnetic drone.

[0019] This application uses a typical architecture comprising two electro-optical UAVs and four electromagnetic UAVs as an example. A manned aircraft carrying two electro-optical UAVs and four electromagnetic UAVs takes off and, upon reaching the designated airspace, sequentially launches all six UAVs. After the six UAVs establish a communication network, they deploy forward according to a real-time planned flight path. The two electro-optical UAVs are positioned in a line formation approximately 50 km ahead of the manned aircraft, with a spacing of approximately 40-50 km between members, advancing at approximately Mach 0.8 and an altitude of 7 km, for wide-area search and precise location of target aircraft within the target area. The four electromagnetic UAVs are positioned in a diamond formation approximately 30 km ahead of the manned aircraft, with a spacing of 20-30 km between members, advancing at approximately Mach 0.8 and an altitude of 10 km. The manned aircraft is deployed at the rear of the formation and descends to an altitude below approximately 5 km, flying at approximately Mach 0.8 while maintaining radar silence, for unified situational awareness generation, airborne command and decision-making, and precision strikes to destroy targets.

[0020] This application utilizes electro-optical unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for detection and positioning. The process includes: two UAVs advancing in a line formation, each activating its electro-optical detection equipment, and periodically scanning the area where the target aircraft might be located, according to their assigned tasks. If one UAV detects the target aircraft, it immediately guides the other UAV for collaborative positioning and autonomously plans its flight path to maintain stable tracking of the target aircraft. After data fusion between the two UAVs, they report the target's position and speed to the manned aircraft, creating conditions for a manned attack.

[0021] This application utilizes electromagnetic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for electromagnetic interference. The process includes: one UAV simulating the target-locking radar radiation signals and behavioral patterns of a manned aircraft, scanning the airspace where the target aircraft might be located, triggering an alarm on the target aircraft's ESM system, and inducing the target aircraft to activate its radar for searching, thus achieving active electromagnetic deception. The remaining three UAVs maintain a passive detection mode. When the target aircraft activates its radar, the UAVs immediately coordinate passive localization to obtain the target aircraft's position information, and transmit this position information to the electro-optical UAVs via the manned aircraft, guiding the electro-optical UAVs to detect the target aircraft.

[0022] This application utilizes electromagnetic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to deplete the destructive capabilities of a target aircraft. The process includes: after the electromagnetic UAV formation detects the target, it guides manned aircraft to maneuver and reposition themselves, while simultaneously guiding the decoy electromagnetic UAVs to switch to simulated radar tracking mode, inducing the target aircraft to launch projectiles for attack. Once the enemy projectiles approach, they are dragged by speed and distance, thus depleting the target aircraft's destructive resources.

[0023] In this application, electromagnetic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used to cover manned aircraft. The process includes: when the manned aircraft is maneuvering and flying at high speed, the electromagnetic UAVs are instructed to form a cover formation to generate multiple false targets, creating a complex air situation on the target aircraft's radar screen, forcing the target aircraft's radar processing channels to saturate, making it difficult to identify and select targets for attack, and thus unable to form a mission closure.

[0024] In this application, a manned aircraft and an electro-optical unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are used for relay guidance. The process includes: the manned aircraft uses the target information reported by the electro-optical UAV to complete the preparation of the projectile and the positioning for attack. After launching the projectile, the manned aircraft immediately disengages and hands over the relay guidance of the projectile to the electro-optical UAV.

[0025] This application describes a dynamic reconfiguration process following damage to electro-optical and / or electromagnetic UAVs. This process includes: during the confrontation, if an electro-optical or electromagnetic UAV is damaged, the remaining corresponding UAVs immediately reconfigure their formation. During this process, the UAV formation strives to ensure the continuous and complete position and velocity information of the target aircraft, providing a transparent air situational awareness for manned aircraft.

[0026] The formation coordination method based on manned aircraft commanding heterogeneous UAV swarms provided in this application has the following advantages:

[0027] 1) Utilize electro-optical and electromagnetic drones for forward deployment, thereby acting as the "eyes" of manned aircraft, significantly expanding the detection range of manned aircraft, and offsetting the stealth advantage of target aircraft in a cost-effective manner;

[0028] 2) Utilize electromagnetic UAVs for collaborative passive positioning of target aircraft, guide electro-optical UAVs for precise tracking, reduce the false alarm probability of electro-optical UAVs, and improve the efficiency of electro-optical detection.

[0029] 3) Utilize optoelectronic UAVs for collaborative detection to achieve high-precision positioning of target aircraft, supporting a high-precision mission loop for manned aircraft to launch projectiles over long distances;

[0030] 4) Use electromagnetic drones to actively deceive and disrupt the target aircraft's decision-making, inducing it to turn on its radar and expose its own tracks.

[0031] 5) Multiple false targets can be generated by electromagnetic drones to form a "shield" for manned aircraft, providing electromagnetic cover for manned aircraft to maneuver and occupy positions, while inducing target aircraft to attack false targets and consume damage resources.

[0032] 6) Manned aircraft use target aircraft data detected by electro-optical UAVs to prepare projectiles and take up positions for attack. After launching the projectiles, they immediately disengage and hand over the guidance to the electro-optical UAVs, which greatly improves their own survivability.

[0033] 7) If the drone formation is damaged in aerial combat, it can autonomously reorganize with other members to maintain detection of target aircraft and cover manned aircraft.

[0034] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A formation coordination method for heterogeneous UAV swarms based on manned aircraft command and control, characterized in that, include: The manned aircraft carries at least two Type 1 drones and at least two Type 2 drones to form a cooperative formation. The manned aircraft is positioned at the rear of the cooperative formation and remains silent. The Type 1 drones are deployed in a horizontal formation at the forefront of the cooperative formation and are responsible for forward reconnaissance. The Type 2 drones are deployed in a predetermined formation between the manned aircraft and the Type 1 drones and are responsible for passive detection and electromagnetic interference. Among them, the first type of drone is an electro-optical drone, and the second type of drone is an electromagnetic drone; As the electro-optical UAVs advance, they periodically scan the area where the target aircraft may be located according to their assigned tasks. When one of the electro-optical UAVs detects the target aircraft, it immediately guides the other electro-optical UAV to perform cooperative positioning and autonomously plans its flight path to maintain stable tracking of the target aircraft. After the two electro-optical UAVs complete data fusion, they report the position and speed information of the target aircraft to the manned aircraft. One of the electromagnetic UAVs simulates the target-locking radar radiation signal and behavior pattern of a manned aircraft, scans the airspace where the target aircraft may exist, triggers the target aircraft's system alarm, and induces the target aircraft to activate its radar for search; the remaining electromagnetic UAVs maintain a passive detection mode, and when the target aircraft activates its radar, they immediately perform cooperative passive positioning to obtain the target aircraft's position information, and transmit the target aircraft's position information to the electro-optical UAV through the manned aircraft, guiding the electro-optical UAV to detect the target aircraft.

2. The formation coordination method for heterogeneous UAV swarms based on manned aircraft command and control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-optical UAVs are deployed in two horizontal formations 50km to 60km in front of the manned aircraft to form a detection baseline of no less than 50km. The electromagnetic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) consist of four UAVs deployed in a diamond formation 30 km ahead of the manned aircraft, with a spacing of 20 km to 30 km between them.

3. The formation coordination method for heterogeneous UAV swarms based on manned aircraft command and control as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Once the electromagnetic UAV detects the target aircraft, it guides the manned aircraft to maneuver and take up a position. At the same time, the electromagnetic UAV, which simulates the target-locking radar radiation signal and behavior pattern of the manned aircraft, switches to a simulated radar tracking mode to induce the target aircraft to launch projectiles for attack.

4. The formation coordination method for heterogeneous UAV swarms based on manned aircraft command and control as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The manned aircraft prepares the projectile and occupies the strike position based on the target aircraft's position and speed information reported by the electro-optical UAV. After launching the projectile, it immediately disengages and hands it over to the electro-optical UAV for relay guidance.

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