Method and system for analyzing and identifying the path of external water infiltration of a hydropower cavern group and risks

Abstract

The application provides a path analysis and risk identification method and system for external water infiltration of a hydropower station cavern group, which dynamically simulates the propagation path of water flow by establishing a catchment network model of the underground cavern group, comprehensively evaluates the risk of external water infiltration, and displays the water flow path, thereby achieving comprehensive path analysis and risk identification of external water infiltration of a complex underground cavern group. The application effectively solves the problems of low accuracy of the result of risk evaluation of water flow infiltration of the hydropower station cavern group and difficulty in accurately predicting the propagation path and the range of the water flow, provides a scientific water flow management and protection scheme for the hydropower station, and provides scientific technical support for the anti-infiltration design, risk management and emergency response of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station, and has strong engineering practical significance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and relates to a path analysis and risk identification method and system for external water infiltration. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cavern group of a hydropower station underground powerhouse is greatly affected by complex geological conditions and hydrological environment, has the characteristics of deep burial, high-pressure water environment and complex channel connection network, and external water infiltration is a major threat to its safety. The underground cavern group is often located in a catchment area or an area rich in groundwater. Water flows into the hydropower station underground powerhouse through surface rainfall, groundwater infiltration and other ways, which may cause structural damage, facility failure, emergency shutdown and even major safety accidents of the hydropower station underground powerhouse. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of external water infiltration of the cavern group of a hydropower station and analyze the water flow path to ensure the safe and stable operation of large-scale hydropower projects.

[0003] At present, the risk assessment of water flow infiltration of the cavern group of a hydropower station mainly relies on experience and simple hydrological analysis, lacks systematic automatic analysis tools, is often based on qualitative judgment or local data, lacks a comprehensive understanding of the overall cavern group catchment channel, and especially when faced with complex geological conditions, the accuracy of the risk assessment result is low. The current water flow monitoring technology of the cavern group of a hydropower station mainly relies on fixed-point monitoring equipment such as water infiltration monitors and water pressure sensors. These devices can only provide local monitoring data and cannot intuitively show how water flows spread to other nodes and lines after infiltrating from a certain node in a complex underground environment. They cannot comprehensively display the water flow path and water flow propagation area, and it is difficult to accurately predict the propagation path and range of water flow. They cannot provide comprehensive and dynamic risk analysis and emergency plans for management personnel. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems of low accuracy of the risk assessment result of water flow infiltration of the cavern group of a hydropower station and difficulty in accurately predicting the propagation path and range of water flow in the background art, the application provides a path analysis and risk identification method and system for external water infiltration of the cavern group of a hydropower station.

[0005] The method of the application comprises the following steps:

[0006] According to the structure and connection relationship data of the cavern group of a hydropower station, nodes are used to represent each cavern or channel intersection point, and connection lines are used to represent the underground caverns or channels connecting the nodes, to construct a cavern group catchment network model;

[0007] Based on the places where surface water is concentrated or the areas around the cavern group where external water infiltration is prone to occur, potential risk points for external water infiltration are selected in the cavern group catchment network model, and relevant parameters of the external water infiltration amount including rainfall, groundwater level and water flow infiltration amount are input for each potential risk point.

[0008] According to the potential risk points of external water infiltration and the external water infiltration amount related parameters of each potential risk point, a water flow dynamics simulation algorithm is used to analyze the spreading path of external water infiltration, and the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of underground cavern groups is simulated;

[0009] According to the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of underground cavern groups, the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of water flow propagation, and the elevation difference of water flow spreading are obtained, the shortest path from the water flow input node to the target node, the maximum spreading range of water flow, and the water flow elevation change map are calculated, and the path analysis of external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station is realized;

[0010] According to the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of water flow propagation, and the elevation difference of water flow spreading, the risk of each node and connected line of the cavern group catchment network model is evaluated, and the risk identification of external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station is realized.

[0011] Further, in the cavern group catchment network model, the attributes of the nodes include: node position, node elevation, node type, permeability; the node type includes cavern, catchment point, intersection point;

[0012] In the cavern group catchment network model, the attributes of the connected line include: line length, slope, undulation, channel section size, material property, permeability;

[0013] In the construction of the cavern group catchment network model, according to the topographic data, geological conditions, fault distribution and underground hydrological data of the cavern group of the hydropower station, according to the theory of hydrodynamics and geotechnical engineering, the motion law of water flow in complex geological structure is described through the fluid dynamics equation between nodes and lines, and the connected logic diagram of the cavern group of the hydropower station is generated, which is used as the connected relationship data of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

[0014] Further, in the external water infiltration amount related parameters, the rainfall is obtained through historical rainfall data or real-time weather data, the groundwater level is the groundwater level affecting infiltration obtained according to the underground hydrological data, and the water flow infiltration amount is set through the permeability test results and material properties of the region.

[0015] Further, the simulation method of the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of underground cavern groups includes:

[0016] Perform initial water flow distribution simulation: starting from the selected potential risk point of external water infiltration, based on the influence of gravity, permeability and geological resistance, simulate how water flow enters the underground cavern network and the propagation process of water flow between nodes and lines;

[0017] carrying out path propagation analysis: based on the elevation difference between nodes, the ups and downs of the line and the slope, the water flow preferentially flows to the node with lower elevation, the flow direction and path of the water flow are determined, and the flow velocity and range of the water flow in each line are obtained according to the channel capacity of different lines;

[0018] carrying out extended path calculation: by repeatedly iterating the calculation of the path of the water flow from the infiltration point, through each line and reaching other nodes, the water flow transmission capacity of each line is calculated in the process of water flow spreading, and the farthest range that the water flow can reach is evaluated.

[0019] Further, in the path analysis of water infiltration outside the cavern group of the hydropower station, the shortest path is the shortest propagation path from the water input node to the target node; the maximum spreading range is the maximum range that the water flow can propagate, that is, the farthest node and connected line that the water flow can reach; and the elevation change graph is an elevation change graph along the way of the water flow obtained according to the distribution of the water flow at different elevations.

[0020] Further, in the path analysis of water infiltration outside the cavern group of the hydropower station, according to the propagation process of the water flow in the connected network of the underground cavern group, the starting point of the water flow, the nodes and lines passed by the water flow, and the nodes and connected lines affected by the water flow are marked with different colors to show the process of water flow spreading and the extended path and speed of the water flow.

[0021] Further, in the risk identification of water infiltration outside the cavern group of the hydropower station, the calculation formula of risk assessment is:

[0022] R = alpha * L + beta * A + gamma * H,

[0023] In the formula, R is the risk value of each node; L is the length of the water flow path; A is the coverage area affected by the water flow; H is the elevation difference of the water flow spreading; alpha, beta and gamma are weight coefficients of risk assessment, which are set according to specific engineering experience;

[0024] The risk value of the node is compared with the set threshold value, and the node is divided into a low-risk area, a medium-risk area and a high-risk area; the setting of the threshold value can be optimized based on historical data analysis, simulation result calibration and dynamic adjustment of the actual environment.

[0025] To realize the above-mentioned method, the present application also proposes a path analysis and risk identification system for water infiltration outside the cavern group of a hydropower station, which comprises a cavern group catchment network model construction module, a potential risk point selection module, a water infiltration spreading path simulation module, a water infiltration path analysis module and a water infiltration risk identification module.

[0026] The cavern group catchment network model construction module is configured to construct a cavern group catchment network model according to the structure and connection relationship data of the cavern group of the hydropower station, with nodes representing each cavern or channel intersection point and connection lines representing the underground caverns or channels connecting the nodes.

[0027] The potential risk point selection module is configured to select potential risk points of external water infiltration in the cavern group catchment network model based on places where surface water concentrates or areas around the cavern group where external water infiltration is prone to occur, and input external water infiltration amount related parameters including rainfall, underground water level and water flow infiltration amount for each potential risk point.

[0028] The external water infiltration spreading path simulation module is configured to analyze the spreading path of external water infiltration by using a water flow dynamics simulation algorithm according to the potential risk points of external water infiltration and the external water infiltration amount related parameters of each potential risk point, and simulate the propagation process of water flow in the connection network of the underground cavern group.

[0029] The external water infiltration path analysis module is configured to obtain the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of water flow propagation and the elevation difference of water flow spreading according to the propagation process of water flow in the connection network of the underground cavern group, calculate the shortest path from the water flow input node to the target node, the maximum spreading range of water flow and the water flow elevation change graph, and realize path analysis of external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

[0030] The external water infiltration risk identification module is configured to perform risk assessment on each node and connection line of the cavern group catchment network model according to the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of water flow propagation and the elevation difference of water flow spreading, and realize risk identification of external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

[0031] The application further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, which are in communication connection with each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor realizes the path analysis and risk identification method of external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station by executing the computer instructions.

[0032] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the path analysis and risk identification method of external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the underground cavern group catchment network model is established, the water flow propagation path is dynamically simulated, the external water infiltration risk is comprehensively evaluated, and the water flow path is displayed, so that the path analysis and risk identification of the external water infiltration of the complex underground cavern group are realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The method flowchart of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 The system architecture diagram of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 The underground cavern group catchment network model schematic diagram of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station in the embodiment.

[0037] Figure 4 The dynamic simulation schematic diagram of the water flow propagation path in the embodiment.

[0038] Figure 5 The water flow path and elevation change diagram in the embodiment.

[0039] Figure 6 The risk level determination diagram in the embodiment.

[0040] Figure 7 The water flow shortest path calculation diagram in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0042] The path analysis and risk identification method of the external water infiltration of the hydropower station cavern group, the flowchart is as shown in Figure 1 , and is specifically as follows.

[0043] Firstly, according to the structure and connection relationship data of the hydropower station cavern group, the nodes represent the intersection points of each cavern or channel, and the connection lines represent the underground caverns or channels connecting the nodes, and the cavern group catchment network model is constructed.

[0044] Specifically, in the cavern group catchment network model, the attributes of the nodes include: node position, node elevation, node type, permeability; the node type includes cavern, catchment point, intersection point; the attributes of the connecting lines include: line length, slope, undulation, cross-section size, material properties, permeability.

[0045] In the construction of the cavern group catchment network model, according to the topographic data, geological conditions, fault distribution and groundwater data of the cavern group of the hydropower station, according to the theory of hydrodynamics and geotechnical engineering, the motion law of water flow in the complex geological structure is described through the fluid dynamics equation between the nodes and the lines, and the connecting logic diagram of the cavern group of the hydropower station is generated, which is used as the connecting relationship data of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

[0046] Then, based on the place where surface water is concentrated or the area around the cavern group where external water infiltration is easy to occur, the potential risk points of external water infiltration are selected in the cavern group catchment network model, and the external water infiltration amount related parameters including rainfall, groundwater level and water flow infiltration amount are input for each potential risk point.

[0047] Specifically, in the external water infiltration amount related parameters, the rainfall is obtained through historical rainfall data or real-time weather data, the groundwater level is the groundwater level affecting infiltration obtained according to the groundwater data, and the water flow infiltration amount is set through the permeability test results and material properties of the area.

[0048] Then, according to the potential risk points of external water infiltration and the external water infiltration amount related parameters of each potential risk point, the spreading path of external water infiltration is analyzed by using the water flow dynamics simulation algorithm, and the propagation process of water flow in the connecting network of the underground cavern group is simulated.

[0049] Specifically, the simulation method of the propagation process of water flow in the connecting network of the underground cavern group is as follows:

[0050] Simulate the initial water flow distribution: starting from the selected potential risk point of external water infiltration, based on the influence of gravity, permeability and geological resistance, simulate how water flow enters the underground cavern network and the propagation process of water flow between nodes and lines;

[0051] Path propagation analysis: based on the elevation difference between nodes, the undulation and slope of the line, water flow preferentially flows to nodes with lower elevation, the flow direction and path of water flow are determined, and the flow velocity and range of water flow in each line are obtained according to the channel capacity of different lines;

[0052] Extended path calculation: by repeatedly iterating the calculation of the path of water flow from the infiltration point, through each line and reaching other nodes, in the process of water flow spreading, the water flow transmission capacity of each line is calculated, and the farthest range that water flow can reach is evaluated.

[0053] Finally, according to the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of underground cavern group, the length of water flow path, the coverage area of water flow spread and the elevation difference of water flow spread are obtained, and the shortest path from the water input node to the target node, the maximum spread range of water flow and the water elevation change map are calculated to realize the path analysis of water infiltration outside the cavern group of hydropower station.

[0054] Specifically, in the path analysis of water infiltration outside the cavern group of hydropower station, the shortest path is the shortest propagation path from the water input node to the target node; the maximum spread range is the maximum range that water flow can propagate, that is, the farthest node and connected line that water flow can reach; and the elevation change map is the elevation change map of water flow along the way obtained according to the distribution of water flow at different elevations.

[0055] More specifically, in the path analysis of water infiltration outside the cavern group of hydropower station, according to the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of underground cavern group, the starting point of water flow, the nodes and lines through which water flow passes, and the nodes and connected lines affected by water flow are marked with different colors to show the spread process of water flow and the expansion path and speed of water flow.

[0056] Finally, according to the length of water flow path, the coverage area of water flow spread and the elevation difference of water flow spread, the risk of each node and connected line of the cavern group catchment network model is evaluated to realize the risk identification of water infiltration outside the cavern group of hydropower station.

[0057] Specifically, in the risk identification of water infiltration outside the cavern group of hydropower station, the calculation formula of risk assessment is:

[0058] R = a x L + b x A + g x H,

[0059] wherein R is the risk value of each node; L is the length of water flow path; A is the coverage area of water flow spread; H is the elevation difference of water flow spread; a, b and g are weight coefficients of risk assessment, which are set according to specific engineering experience;

[0060] The risk value of the node is compared with the set threshold value, and the node is divided into low risk area, medium risk area and high risk area; the setting of the threshold value can be optimized based on historical data analysis, simulation result calibration and dynamic adjustment of actual environment.

[0061] The path analysis and risk identification system of water infiltration outside the cavern group of hydropower station has a structure diagram as shown in Figure 2 The system is composed of a cavern group catchment network model construction module, a potential risk point selection module, a spread path simulation module of external water infiltration, a path analysis module of external water infiltration and a risk identification module of external water infiltration.

[0062] The cavern group catchment network model construction module is configured to construct a cavern group catchment network model according to structure and connection relationship data of the cavern group of the hydropower station, with nodes representing intersection points of caverns or passages and connection lines representing underground caverns or passages connecting the nodes.

[0063] The potential risk point selection module is configured to select potential risk points of external water infiltration in the cavern group catchment network model based on places where surface water concentrates or areas around the cavern group where external water infiltration is prone to occur, and input parameters related to the amount of external water infiltration, including rainfall, underground water level and water flow infiltration amount, for each potential risk point.

[0064] The external water infiltration spreading path simulation module is configured to analyze the spreading path of external water infiltration by using a water flow dynamics simulation algorithm according to the potential risk points of external water infiltration and the parameters related to the amount of external water infiltration of each potential risk point, and simulate the propagation process of water flow in the connection network of the underground cavern group.

[0065] The path analysis module of external water infiltration is configured to obtain the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of the water flow and the elevation difference of the water flow spreading according to the propagation process of the water flow in the connection network of the underground cavern group, calculate the shortest path from the input node to the target node, the maximum spreading range of the water flow and the water flow elevation change graph, and realize the path analysis of the external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

[0066] The risk identification module of external water infiltration is configured to evaluate the risk of each node and connection line of the cavern group catchment network model according to the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of the water flow and the elevation difference of the water flow spreading, and realize the risk identification of the external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

[0067] The implementation of each module in the system is consistent with the method described above, and will not be described here.

[0068] The application also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor are connected with each other in communication, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor realizes the path analysis and risk identification method of external water infiltration of a cavern group of a hydropower station and the path analysis and risk identification system of external water infiltration of a cavern group of a hydropower station by executing the computer instructions.

[0069] The application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the path analysis and risk identification method of external water infiltration of a cavern group of a hydropower station and the path analysis and risk identification system of external water infiltration of a cavern group of a hydropower station.

[0070] Embodiments

[0071] The application is used for path analysis and risk identification of external water infiltration of a certain underground powerhouse cavern group of a hydropower station.

[0072] A catchment network model of the underground cavern group is constructed, which is composed of multiple tunnel connected nodes (Node) and tunnels (Cavern), representing the propagation path of water flow in the underground cavern, as shown in Figure 3 which shows the basic connectivity and elevation difference of the underground cavern group. Figure 3 In the figure, the circular nodes represent the nodes of the underground cavern of the hydropower station. The cavern is the core structure of the underground powerhouse, used to accommodate equipment and passages, and constitutes the basic unit of the underground cavern group. Straight lines or curves represent the connection lines between cavern nodes, representing tunnels or water flow channels. The cavern group is connected to each other through these lines, forming a complex network. The elevation of the nodes is distinguished by color: green represents nodes or caverns with high elevation, which are the starting points of water flow. Blue represents nodes with medium height, through which water flow gradually flows to lower places. Black represents low nodes, which are usually the collection points of water flow and are prone to water seepage or accumulation. Figure 3 which shows the connectivity and elevation difference of the underground cavern group, but does not involve the direction of water flow.

[0073] Each underground cavern or important water flow intersection point is represented as a tunnel connected node (Node), and the geometric properties (such as coordinates and elevation) of the tunnel connected node are determined by topographic exploration data and actual design.

[0074] As shown in Figure 3 , the tunnel connected nodes from Node 1 to Node 13 represent different positions of underground caverns or catchment intersection points. For example, Node 1 is located at a higher elevation and is usually the starting point of water flow. Water flow spreads from Node 1 to other tunnel connected nodes. Node 9 is located at a lower elevation and may become a water collection point, prone to water seepage or accumulation.

[0075] The elevation of the nodes is determined by topographic exploration data, and the system distinguishes the elevation difference by color: green represents the tunnel connected nodes with high elevation (such as Node 1); blue represents the tunnel connected nodes with medium height (such as Node 3, Node 5); black represents the tunnel connected nodes at low elevation (such as Node 9, Node 10).

[0076] Tunnels are water flow channels connecting connected nodes, representing the connection between underground caverns. In Figure 3In the figure, tunnels are identified by Cavern1-2, Cavern 1-3, etc. For example, Cavern 1-2 represents a tunnel connecting Node 1 and Node 2. Water flows along the tunnel from one tunnel-connected node to another. The length, slope, and cross-sectional size of the tunnel determine the flow rate and flow volume of the water. Longer tunnels may reduce water flow speed, while wider tunnels can accommodate more water flow.

[0077] Elevation difference is an important factor affecting the propagation path of water flow. The system determines the elevation of tunnel-connected nodes and tunnels through topographic data and underground hydrological exploration results. For example, water flows from Node 1 (high point) to Node 9 (low point) through Cavern 1-2 and Cavern 2-4. Geological properties affect the permeability and water flow speed of tunnels. If the permeability of a certain tunnel is low, the propagation of water flow in it will be resisted, affecting the flow rate.

[0078] Through the above steps, a complete underground powerhouse cavern group catchment network model of the hydropower station is constructed, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0079] After constructing the cavern group catchment network model, simulate the infiltration path of external water flow, evaluate the propagation path of water flow in the underground cavern group and its influence range after external water infiltration, and the dynamic simulation of water flow spreading path is shown in Figure 4 .

[0080] Figure 4 In the figure, circular nodes represent individual nodes of underground caverns, each of which can be a water inflow or outflow point. Arrows clearly indicate the direction of water flow, which spreads from the starting point (green node) along the arrow direction to other nodes. The green node represents the starting point of water flow, which is usually the entrance of external water flow into the underground network. Blue paths represent the areas affected by water flow, which means that water flow will spread to these nodes, indicating that these nodes are affected by water flow. Black nodes represent areas not affected by water flow, which are temporarily in a safe state. Figure 4 The starting point and spreading path of water flow are clearly shown by arrows.

[0081] The setting of external water infiltration points is as follows: External water infiltration points are usually located on the surface area above or around the underground cavern group. By setting external water infiltration points, the system simulates the infiltration of external water flow caused by rainfall or changes in groundwater level. In Figure 4 , Node 1 is set as an external water infiltration point. External water flow starts from Node 1 and gradually spreads to other tunnel-connected nodes through tunnels. Water flow first enters the tunnel Cavern 1-2 and propagates to Node 2, and then continues to spread to lower nodes.

[0082] The simulation of the water flow spreading path is as follows: according to the starting point of the water flow and the physical properties of the tunnel, the propagation path of the water flow is dynamically simulated, and the water flow path and elevation change diagram are as shown in Figure 5 .

[0083] Figure 5 In the figure, the circular nodes mark the path of water flow spreading from high to low, and each node is marked green, blue or black according to its elevation. The elevation difference is distinguished by color, with green representing high points, blue representing intermediate elevations, and black representing low points. The curved path represents the tunnel through which the water flow spreads from high to low, and the path of the water flow reflects the natural tendency under the action of gravity. Figure 5 The elevation change of the water flow in the cavern network is shown.

[0084] As shown in Figure 5 , the water flow starts from Node 1 and spreads along the tunnel Cavern 1-2 to Node 2, and then flows along Cavern 2-4 to Node 4 and other nodes. The flow rate of water in each tunnel is determined by the length, slope and other properties of the tunnel. The areas affected by the water flow are distinguished by color: blue nodes represent connected nodes (such as Node 2, Node 4) through which the water flow passes; black nodes represent nodes that have not been affected (such as Node 9, Node 10).

[0085] After the external water infiltration simulation, according to the affected range, path length and elevation difference of the water flow, the risk level of each tunnel connected node is determined, and the risk level determination diagram is as shown in Figure 6 , which shows the risk division of each node and the water flow path.

[0086] Figure 6 In the figure, the circular nodes represent risk areas in the underground cavern network, and the node colors are divided according to the risk level affected by the water flow: red represents high-risk areas where water flow may accumulate and cause danger; yellow represents medium-risk areas where water flow through these nodes has some risk; green represents low-risk areas where water flow is not easy to affect these nodes and is usually in a safe state. The arrows indicate the propagation process of the water flow from high-risk areas to low-risk areas, helping to identify the flow trend of the water flow and the potential risk range. Figure 6 The propagation path of the risk from high-risk to low-risk is clearly shown by the arrows.

[0087] As shown in Figure 6As shown, the nodes connected by the tunnels are divided into different risk levels, determined by the influence range of the water flow and the location of the nodes. Red nodes (such as Node 9) represent high-risk areas where water flow is likely to converge and cause leakage. Yellow nodes (such as Node 5) represent medium-risk areas where water flow may pose a risk when passing through. Green nodes (such as Node 1) represent low-risk areas that are not easily affected by water flow and are generally in a safe state. By analyzing the propagation path of the water flow and the risk level of the nodes, a risk path diagram is generated to help engineers identify the propagation trend of water flow from high-risk areas to low-risk areas, as shown in Figure 6 As shown, water flow propagates from the red high-risk area to yellow and green nodes, and this trend is shown by the arrows.

[0088] The shortest path of water flow in the tunnel network after external water infiltration is calculated to ensure that the propagation path and influence range of the water flow can be quickly identified, as shown in Figure 7 As shown, the shortest path of water flow is displayed.

[0089] Figure 7 In the figure, the circular nodes represent key nodes on the water flow path. The red arrow represents the shortest path of the water flow, which is the shortest propagation route of the water flow from the starting point to the target node. The blue arrow represents other paths of the water flow, although they are not the shortest path, but the water flow can still spread to these nodes. Figure 7 The shortest path of the water flow and other possible diffusion paths are shown by arrows to help engineers prioritize areas with higher water flow risks.

[0090] As shown in Figure 7 The shortest path of water flow from the external water infiltration point to each node connected by the tunnels is calculated by the algorithm. The red arrow represents the shortest path, and the blue arrow represents other possible paths of the water flow. For example, water flow starts from Node 1, passes through Cavern 1-2 and Cavern 2-4, and reaches Node 9 via the shortest path. This diagram helps engineers prioritize areas with higher water flow risks to ensure the safety of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station.

[0091] Through the above description, the construction of the catchment network model of the cavern group of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station, the dynamic simulation of the water flow, the risk assessment, and the shortest path calculation are realized, providing a scientific water flow management and protection scheme for the hydropower station.

[0092] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the application can be devised for a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, etc.) embodying computer readable program code. Embodiments of the present application can be implemented in various computer languages including, but not limited to, Java, C++, Python, and JavaScript.

[0093] The present application is described in reference to the flow diagrams and / or block diagrams of the methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each block of the flow diagrams and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flow diagrams and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processing device or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flow diagrams and / or block diagrams block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flow diagram and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flow diagram and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0094] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the flow diagrams and / or block diagrams block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flow diagram and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flow diagram and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0095] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the flow diagrams and / or block diagrams block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flow diagram and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flow diagram and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0096] While preferred embodiments of the application have been described, modifications and alterations thereto can occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the preceding description. It is intended to include all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the basic inventive concepts disclosed herein.

[0097] Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the path and identifying the risk of external water infiltration of a hydropower cavern group, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: According to the structure and connection relationship data of the underground cavern group of the hydropower station, a node represents each cavern or intersection point of the channel, and a connection line represents the underground cavern or channel connecting each node, to construct a cavern group catchment network model; Based on the places where surface water is concentrated or the areas around the cavern group where external water infiltration is prone to occur, potential risk points of external water infiltration are selected in the cavern group catchment network model, and relevant parameters of the external water infiltration amount, including rainfall, underground water level and water flow infiltration amount, are input for each potential risk point; According to the potential risk points of external water infiltration and the relevant parameters of the external water infiltration amount of each potential risk point, a water flow dynamics simulation algorithm is used to analyze the spreading path of the external water infiltration, and the propagation process of the water flow in the connection network of the underground cavern group is simulated; According to the propagation process of the water flow in the connection network of the underground cavern group, the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of the water flow propagation and the elevation difference of the water flow spreading are obtained, the shortest path from the water flow input node to the target node, the maximum spreading range of the water flow and the water flow elevation change graph are calculated, and the path analysis of the external water infiltration of the underground cavern group of the hydropower station is realized; According to the length of the water flow path, the coverage area of the water flow propagation and the elevation difference of the water flow spreading, the risk of each node and connection line of the cavern group catchment network model is evaluated, and the risk identification of the external water infiltration of the underground cavern group of the hydropower station is realized.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: In the cavern group catchment network model, the attributes of the node include node position, node elevation, node type and permeability; the node type includes cavern, catchment point and intersection point; In the cavern group catchment network model, the attributes of the connection line include line length, slope, undulation, channel cross-section size, material properties and permeability; In the construction of the cavern group catchment network model, according to the topographic data, geological conditions, fault distribution and underground hydrological data of the underground cavern group of the hydropower station, according to the theory of hydrodynamics and geotechnical engineering, the motion law of water flow in complex geological structure is described through the fluid dynamics equation between nodes and lines, and the connection logic diagram of the underground cavern group of the hydropower station is generated as the connection relationship data of the underground cavern group of the hydropower station.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: In the relevant parameters of the external water infiltration amount, the rainfall is obtained through historical rainfall data or real-time weather data, the underground water level is the underground water level affecting the infiltration obtained according to the underground hydrological data, and the water flow infiltration amount is set through the permeability test results and material properties of the region.

4. The method for analyzing and identifying the path of water infiltration from outside a hydropower station cavern complex according to claim 3 is characterized by: The simulation method of the propagation process of the water flow in the connection network of the underground cavern group comprises: Perform initial water flow distribution simulation: starting from the selected potential risk point of external water infiltration, based on the influence of gravity, permeability and geological resistance, simulate how the water flow enters the underground cavern network and the propagation process of the water flow between nodes and lines; Perform path propagation analysis: based on the elevation difference between nodes, the undulation and slope of the line, the water flow preferentially flows to the node with lower elevation, the flow direction and path of the water flow are determined, and the flow velocity and propagation range of the water flow in each line are obtained according to the channel capacity of different lines; Carrying out extended path calculation: by repeatedly iterating, the path of water flow from the infiltration point, through each line, to other nodes is calculated, and in the process of water flow spreading, the water flow transmission capacity of each line is calculated, and the farthest range that water flow can reach is evaluated.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: In the path analysis of external water infiltration of the hydropower station cavern group, the shortest path is the shortest propagation path from the water input node to the target node; the maximum spreading range is the maximum range that water flow can propagate, i.e. the farthest node and connected line that water flow can reach; and the elevation change map is obtained according to the distribution of water flow at different elevations.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: In the path analysis of external water infiltration of the hydropower station cavern group, according to the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of the underground cavern group, the starting point of water flow, the nodes and lines passed by water flow, and the nodes and connected lines affected by water flow are marked in different colors to show the process of water flow spreading and the extended path and speed of water flow.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: determining the water inflow path and the risk of the water inflow path of the water power station cavern group. In the risk identification of external water infiltration of the hydropower station cavern group, the calculation formula of risk assessment is: R = α × L + β × A + γ × H, wherein R is the risk value of each node; L is the length of the water flow path; A is the covered area affected by water flow; H is the elevation difference of water flow spreading; and α, β, and γ are weight coefficients of risk assessment, which are set according to specific engineering experience; The risk value of the node is compared with the set threshold value, and the node is divided into a low-risk area, a medium-risk area, and a high-risk area; the setting of the threshold value can be optimized based on historical data analysis, simulation result calibration, and dynamic adjustment of the actual environment.

8. A system for path analysis and risk identification of external water infiltration of a hydropower cavern group implementing the method of any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It comprises a cavern group catchment network model construction module, a potential risk point selection module, an external water infiltration spreading path simulation module, an external water infiltration path analysis module, and an external water infiltration risk identification module. The cavern group catchment network model construction module is used to construct a cavern group catchment network model according to the structure and connected relationship data of the hydropower station cavern group, with nodes representing each cavern or channel intersection point and connected lines representing the underground caverns or channels connecting the nodes. The potential risk point selection module is used to select potential risk points of external water infiltration in the cavern group catchment network model based on places where surface water concentrates or areas around the cavern group where external water infiltration is prone to occur, and input external water infiltration amount related parameters including rainfall, groundwater level, and water flow infiltration amount for each potential risk point. The external water infiltration spreading path simulation module is used to analyze the spreading path of external water infiltration by using a water flow dynamics simulation algorithm according to the potential risk points of external water infiltration and the external water infiltration amount related parameters of each potential risk point, and simulate the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of the underground cavern group. The external water infiltration path analysis module is used to obtain the length of the water flow path, the covered area affected by water flow, and the elevation difference of water flow spreading according to the propagation process of water flow in the connected network of the underground cavern group, calculate the shortest path from the water input node to the target node, the maximum spreading range of water flow, and the water flow elevation change map, and realize path analysis of external water infiltration of the hydropower station cavern group. The risk identification module of the external water infiltration is used for risk assessment of each node and connected line of the cavern group catchment network model according to the length of the water flow path, the covered area of the water flow and the elevation difference of the water flow spreading, so as to realize the risk identification of the external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

9. An electronic device, comprising: Comprise: A memory and a processor, which are in communication connection with each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor realizes the path analysis and risk identification method of the external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station by executing the computer instructions.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the path analysis and risk identification method of the external water infiltration of the cavern group of the hydropower station.

Images