Method and device for determining perforation detonation response of perforation tubular column

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for determining perforation detonation response of a perforation tubular column, and the method comprises the steps: building a structure model of a target perforation tubular column; inputting the geometric data of the tubular column, the attribute data of the tubular column, the boundary data of the tubular column and the mechanical model attribute data of the shock absorber of the target type into a structural model of the target perforation tubular column so as to establish a perforation detonation analysis finite element model with the shock absorber; and loading the detonation impact load of each perforating bullet in the load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in the actual working condition on the perforation tubular column of the perforation detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner, so as to obtain the response to perforation detonation of the perforation tubular column. According to the scheme, the problem that the accuracy rate is low due to the fact that an existing finite element analysis model does not consider the influence of the shock absorber is solved, and the technical effect of accurately simulating the perforation detonation response of the perforation tubular column with the shock absorber is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and in particular, relates to a method and device for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforating string. Background Art

[0002] During the shaped-energy perforating operation in oil and gas wells, when the shaped-energy perforating charge is detonated to complete the perforation penetration, the detonation gas will trigger a detonation shock wave. The shock wave acts on the downhole tubing and perforating fluid, causing the perforating section tubing to be subjected to impact loads and produce violent vibrations. In severe cases, it will lead to plastic bending of the perforating section tubing, tubing breakage, breakage of the center pipe of the packer and other accidents.

[0003] At present, shock absorbers are generally used as shock absorbing tools for perforating strings to prevent damage to downhole test strings, packers, downhole pressure gauges and electronic ignition heads. In perforating operations, the performance of different shock absorbers will be significantly different. For example, three types of perforating joint shock absorbing tools with different uses and applicable conditions can be used, such as longitudinal unidirectional shock absorbers, radial shock absorbers, and bidirectional shock absorbers. However, these shock absorbers are not ideal for the high-speed impact load of the perforating string caused by the detonation impact. The explosive vertical shock absorber mainly uses the characteristics of the bidirectional crushable circular tube shock absorbing element that the structure will undergo large plastic deformation when it is impacted, converting the kinetic energy of the shock wave into heat and quickly dissipating the impact load, which can effectively detonate the safety of downhole tools and strings.

[0004] It can be seen that different types of shock absorbers have different responses to the perforation detonation of the perforating string. There is currently no effective solution for accurately simulating the perforation detonation response process of the perforating string with shock absorbers in order to accurately evaluate the safety of the string and the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method and device for determining the perforation detonation response of a perforating string, which can accurately simulate the perforation detonation response of a perforating string with a shock absorber, so as to clarify the specific role of the shock absorber and improve the safety of the string.

[0006] The present application provides a method and device for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforation string, which is implemented as follows:

[0007] A method for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforation string, the method comprising:

[0008] Establishing a structural model of a target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly;

[0009] Acquire geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of a target type of shock absorber;

[0010] Inputting the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber;

[0011] Acquiring load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions;

[0012] Each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data is loaded on the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

[0013] In one embodiment, establishing a structural model of a target perforating string includes:

[0014] Connecting the upper end point of the shock absorber to the lower end point of the oil pipe assembly, and connecting the lower end point of the shock absorber to the upper end point of the perforating gun assembly;

[0015] The shock absorber is equivalent to a connector unit, and the packer, tubing assembly, perforating gun assembly and casing assembly are equivalent to a pipe unit to form a structural model of the target perforating string.

[0016] In one embodiment, the detonation impact load of each perforating charge is applied to the perforating string in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforation detonation of the perforating string, including:

[0017] According to the spatial position of each perforation hole on the pipe string of the perforating gun assembly section, it is defined as the concentrated force vertical to the pipe string and the concentrated force along the axial direction of the pipe string;

[0018] According to the detonation time of each perforating bullet and the disappearance time of the jet, the detonation impact load of each perforating bullet is concentrated and dynamically loaded on the perforating string.

[0019] In one embodiment, the mechanical model properties of the shock absorber include at least one of the following: elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, damping mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, plastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, and upper and lower limits of the shock absorber movement.

[0020] In one embodiment, when the shock absorber is a spring shock absorber or a hydraulic shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameter of the shock absorber is expressed as:

[0021] F=k*x

[0022] Wherein, F represents the elastic force generated by the spring or hydraulic rod of the shock absorber when subjected to external force, k represents the elastic coefficient of the shock absorber, and x represents the degree of deformation generated by the shock absorber when subjected to external force;

[0023] In the case where the shock absorber is an impact-resistant shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are represented by an axial deformation curve measured experimentally.

[0024] In one embodiment, the friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as:

[0025]

[0026] f1=μ1*F1

[0027] f2=μ2*M2

[0028] Among them, f t max represents the composite friction force, f1 represents the axial friction force of the shock absorber, f2 represents the friction force in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, μ1 represents the axial friction coefficient of the shock absorber, μ2 represents the friction coefficient in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, F1 represents the axial force of the shock absorber, and M2 represents the rotational torque of the shock absorber.

[0029] In one embodiment, the damping mechanical property parameter of the shock absorber is expressed as:

[0030] D1=C1*v1

[0031] D2=C2*v2

[0032] Among them, D1 represents the axial damping force of the shock absorber, C1 represents the axial damping coefficient of the shock absorber, v1 represents the axial movement speed, D2 represents the rotational damping force of the shock absorber, C2 represents the rotational damping coefficient of the shock absorber, and v2 represents the circumferential rotation angular velocity.

[0033] A device for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforation string, comprising:

[0034] A building module is used to build a structural model of a target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly;

[0035] A first acquisition module is used to acquire geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of a target type of shock absorber;

[0036] An input module, used for inputting the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber;

[0037] A second acquisition module is used to acquire load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions;

[0038] The loading module is used to load each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data on the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

[0039] An electronic device comprises a processor and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor, wherein the steps of the above method are implemented when the processor executes the instructions.

[0040] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program / instruction, which implements the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0041] The present application provides a method and device for determining the perforation detonation response of a perforating string. By establishing a structural model of a target perforating string including a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly, the geometric data of the string, the attribute data of the string, the boundary data of the string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the shock absorber of the target type are input into the structural model of the target perforating string to establish a perforation detonation analysis finite element model with a shock absorber. Furthermore, the load data caused by the perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions can be obtained, and each perforating bullet detonation impact load in the load data is loaded on the perforating string of the perforation detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner, thereby obtaining a response to the perforation detonation of the perforating string. The above scheme solves the problem of low accuracy caused by the existing finite element analysis model not considering the influence of the shock absorber, and achieves the technical effect of accurately simulating the perforation detonation response of the perforating string with the shock absorber, so as to clarify the specific role of the shock absorber and improve the safety of the string. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0043] Figure 1It is a method flow chart of an embodiment of a method for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforation string provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the perforation completion string, the perforation acidizing test combination string and the corresponding structural model provided by the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of data required for the finite element model of perforation detonation analysis of a perforation string with a shock absorber provided in the present application;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a load-displacement curve provided in this application;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device for a method for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforation string provided in the present application;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of an embodiment of a device for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforation string provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a method flow chart of an embodiment of the method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforation string provided by the present application. Although the present application provides method operation steps or device structures as shown in the following embodiments or drawings, more or fewer operation steps or module units may be included in the method or device based on routine or no creative labor. In the steps or structures where there is no necessary causal relationship logically, the execution order of these steps or the module structure of the device is not limited to the execution order or module structure described in the embodiments of the present application and shown in the drawings. When the method or module structure is applied to an actual device or terminal product, it can be connected according to the method or module structure shown in the embodiments or drawings for sequential execution or parallel execution (for example, a parallel processor or a multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed processing environment).

[0051] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforation string may include the following steps:

[0052] Step 101: establishing a structural model of a target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly;

[0053] When implementing, the upper end point of the shock absorber can be connected to the lower end point of the tubing assembly, and the lower end point of the shock absorber can be connected to the upper end point of the perforating gun assembly; the shock absorber can be equivalent to a connector unit, and the packer, tubing assembly, perforating gun assembly and casing assembly can be equivalent to a pipe unit to form a structural model of the target perforating string. Specifically, the packer, tubing assembly, perforating gun assembly and casing assembly can be represented by the pipe unit PIPE31, and the shock absorber can be represented by the connector unit CONN3D2. The upper and lower ends of the shock absorber are respectively connected to the lower end point of the tubing assembly and the upper end point of the perforating gun assembly, and the CYLINDRICAL attribute of the connector unit can be used to define the mechanical model attribute data of the axial displacement and circumferential rotation of the shock absorber.

[0054] Step 102: Acquire geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of a target type of shock absorber;

[0055] Step 103: inputting the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber;

[0056] Specifically, a finite element model for perforating string perforating detonation analysis with a shock absorber can be automatically generated according to parameters such as wellbore structure, wellbore trajectory, perforating string, shock absorber performance, reservoir parameters, and perforating detonation operation parameters.

[0057] Step 104: Obtaining load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions;

[0058] Step 105: Load each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data onto the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

[0059] During implementation, the detonation impact load of each perforating bullet is loaded on the perforating string in the form of concentrated force to obtain a response to the perforation detonation of the perforating string. This can be defined as a concentrated force vertical to the string and a concentrated force along the axial direction of the string according to the spatial position of each perforation hole on the perforating gun assembly section string; and the detonation impact load of each perforating bullet is dynamically and concentratedly loaded on the perforating string according to the detonation time of each perforating bullet and the disappearance time of the jet.

[0060] Among them, the mechanical model properties of the above-mentioned shock absorber may include but are not limited to at least one of the following: elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, damping mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, plastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, and upper and lower limits of the shock absorber movement.

[0061] Different elastic mechanical property parameters can be used for different types of shock absorbers, specifically:

[0062] 1) When the shock absorber is a spring shock absorber or a hydraulic shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as:

[0063] F=k*x

[0064] Wherein, F represents the elastic force generated by the spring or hydraulic rod of the shock absorber when subjected to external force, k represents the elastic coefficient of the shock absorber, and x represents the degree of deformation generated by the shock absorber when subjected to external force;

[0065] 2) When the shock absorber is an impact-resistant shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber can be represented by an axial deformation curve measured experimentally.

[0066] The friction mechanical property parameters of the above shock absorber can be expressed as:

[0067]

[0068] f1=μ1*F1

[0069] f2=μ2*M2

[0070] Among them, f t max represents the composite friction force, f1 represents the axial friction force of the shock absorber, f2 represents the friction force in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, μ1 represents the axial friction coefficient of the shock absorber, μ2 represents the friction coefficient in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, F1 represents the axial force of the shock absorber, and M2 represents the rotational torque of the shock absorber.

[0071] The damping mechanical property parameters of the above shock absorber can be expressed as:

[0072] D1=C1*v1

[0073] D2=C2*v2

[0074] Among them, D1 represents the axial damping force of the shock absorber, C1 represents the axial damping coefficient of the shock absorber, v1 represents the axial movement speed, D2 represents the rotational damping force of the shock absorber, C2 represents the rotational damping coefficient of the shock absorber, and v2 represents the circumferential rotation angular velocity.

[0075] The above method is described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment. However, it should be noted that this specific embodiment is only for better illustrating the present application and does not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0076] In view of the lack of research on the role of shock absorbers in perforating detonation of perforating strings, especially the mechanical model of shock absorbers, this paper provides a method for quickly and accurately simulating the perforating detonation process of a string with shock absorbers, guiding the safe design and use of shock absorbers and perforating strings, and accurately evaluating shock absorbers. Specifically, by establishing a mechanical model of shock absorbers and combining it with the mechanical perforating detonation analysis model of the string, the perforating detonation response process of the perforating string with shock absorbers can be accurately simulated, thereby improving the safety of the string and the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber.

[0077] In this example, a finite element analysis method for perforation detonation of a perforation string considering the effect of a shock absorber is provided, wherein the perforation string can be a perforation completion string or a perforation acidizing test string. Figure 2 As shown, the perforation completion string may include: tubing, short tubing for depth calibration, testing tools, packers, shock absorbers, detonators, perforating guns, interlayer guns, and gun tails; the perforation test joint string may include: tubing, permanent completion packers, shock absorbers, screens, high-pressure detonators, perforating guns, and gun tails. A structural model of the target perforation string is established, wherein the structural model may include: packers, tubing assemblies, shock absorbers, perforating gun assemblies, and casing assemblies; wherein the packers, tubing assemblies, perforating gun assemblies, and casing assemblies may be represented by pipe unit PIPE31, and the shock absorbers may be represented by connector unit CONN3D2, and the upper and lower end points of the shock absorbers are respectively connected to the lower end point of the tubing assemblies and the upper end point of the perforating gun assemblies.

[0078] Furthermore, the properties of the connector unit can be used to define the mechanical properties of the axial displacement and circumferential rotation of the shock absorber. The mechanical properties may include: the elastic coefficient, damping coefficient, friction coefficient, plastic properties of the axial and circumferential rotation of the shock absorber, and the upper and lower limits of the shock absorber movement, the upper and lower limits of the force or bending moment locking, etc. Among them, the plastic properties may include: equivalent yield force or moment, equivalent relative plastic movement and equivalent relative plastic movement rate, etc. That is, the shock absorber is simplified into a connector, and each perforating bomb detonation impact load is loaded on the perforating string in the form of concentrated force. By automatically generating a finite element model for perforating string perforation detonation analysis, the perforating string perforation detonation response is accurately simulated. In this way, a system and method for simulating the perforating detonation process of a perforating string with a shock absorber were created, which achieved full-scale rapid simulation of the perforating detonation process of a perforating string with a shock absorber, thereby evaluating and optimizing the vibration reduction performance of the shock absorber, an important component, and providing safety guarantees for the rational use of the shock absorber, the safe design of the string, and the safe implementation of the perforating operation.

[0079] Specifically, you can Figure 3 As shown, a finite element model for perforation explosion analysis of a perforating string with a shock absorber is automatically generated based on wellbore data, tubing data, shock absorber data, perforation data and reservoir data. Among them, wellbore data may include: wellbore trajectory, wellbore structure, wellbore fluid properties, wellbore pressure distribution, and bottom hole filling method; tubing data may include: casing combination, tubing combination, perforating gun and screen; shock absorber data may include: shock absorber position, elastic coefficient, damping coefficient, friction coefficient, plastic characteristics, upper and lower limits of movement, and upper and lower limits of locking; perforation data may include: perforating bullet type, explosive amount, explosive density, perforating bullet density, azimuth and aperture; reservoir data may include: rock mechanics type, rock mechanics parameters, ground stress magnitude, reservoir permeability, reservoir fluid properties, reservoir anisotropy, and reservoir temperature.

[0080] In this example, a mechanical model for perforating explosion analysis with a shock absorber is established. A finite element model for explosion analysis of a perforating string is established for the perforating completion string or the perforating test string, and is implemented by Abaqus software modeling. The model may include: packer, tubing assembly, shock absorber, perforating gun assembly and casing assembly, etc., wherein the packer, tubing assembly, perforating gun assembly and casing assembly are represented by the pipe unit PIPE31, and the shock absorber is represented by the connector unit CONN3D2. The upper and lower ends of the shock absorber are connected to the lower end of the tubing assembly and the upper end of the perforating gun assembly respectively. The boundary conditions of the packer and casing assembly can be set as fixed support, and the interaction relationship between the perforating string and the casing assembly is realized using the edge-to-edge technology. For the load caused by perforating explosion, according to the spatial position of each perforation hole on the perforating gun assembly section string, it is defined as the concentrated force vertical to the string and the concentrated force along the axial direction of the string, and dynamic loading is performed according to the detonation time of each perforating bullet and the elapsed time of its jet.

[0081] In this example, it is necessary to establish a mechanical model of the shock absorber, and the mechanical properties of the connector unit can be used. Through this property, the user is allowed to define the mechanical properties of the axial displacement and circumferential rotation of the shock absorber according to the actual characteristics of the shock absorber, which can include: the elastic coefficient, damping coefficient, friction coefficient, plastic characteristics of the axial and circumferential rotation of the shock absorber (which may include: equivalent yield force or moment, equivalent relative plastic motion and equivalent relative plastic motion rate, etc.), as well as the upper and lower limits of the shock absorber movement, the upper and lower limits of force or bending moment locking, etc.

[0082] Specifically, the properties of the shock absorber mechanical model may include:

[0083] 1) Elastic mechanical property parameters of shock absorber:

[0084] When the shock absorber is a spring shock absorber or a hydraulic shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as:

[0085] F=k*x

[0086] Wherein, F represents the elastic force generated by the spring or hydraulic rod of the shock absorber when subjected to external force, k represents the elastic coefficient of the shock absorber, and x represents the degree of deformation generated by the shock absorber when subjected to external force;

[0087] When the shock absorber is an impact-resistant shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber can be represented by the axial deformation curve measured experimentally. The vibration reduction unit of the impact-resistant shock absorber mainly uses a crushable spring tube to absorb the detonation impact energy. Its axial deformation curve is mainly obtained through experimental measurement. The typical load-displacement curve can be shown as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the axial load unloading curve derived based on the energy dissipation factor, where D p represents the permanent deformation factor, point D corresponds to the permanent deformation When the connector is loaded, the force follows the path given by the ABE loading curve. If the connector is unloaded, for example starting at point B, the force follows the unloading curve BCD. When the load causes the displacement to become greater than The load path will follow the ABE loading curve.

[0088] 2) The friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as:

[0089]

[0090] f1=μ1*F1

[0091] f2=μ2*M2

[0092] Among them, f t max represents the composite friction force, f1 represents the axial friction force of the shock absorber, f2 represents the friction force in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, μ1 represents the axial friction coefficient of the shock absorber, μ2 represents the friction coefficient in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, F1 represents the axial force of the shock absorber, and M2 represents the rotational torque of the shock absorber.

[0093] 3) The damping mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as:

[0094] D1=C1*v1

[0095] D2=C2*v2

[0096] Among them, D1 represents the axial damping force of the shock absorber, C1 represents the axial damping coefficient of the shock absorber, v1 represents the axial movement speed, D2 represents the rotational damping force of the shock absorber, C2 represents the rotational damping coefficient of the shock absorber, and v2 represents the circumferential rotation angular velocity.

[0097] In the above example, a perforation detonation analysis system with shock absorbers is established. Its hardware equipment can be a high-performance computing workstation, and the software system can be a perforation detonation analysis system with shock absorbers, finite element analysis software Abaqus, software development platforms Visual Studio and Intel Parallel Studio XE, and database system SQL Server. Each software system runs on a high-performance computing workstation system. For users, they only need to input the key parameters required for simulation to realize the perforation detonation analysis of the pipe string considering the shock absorber. Specifically, it can be composed of modules such as pipe string geometry generation module, pipe string attribute setting module, boundary condition setting module, shock absorber attribute setting module, dynamic load setting module and result display module. Among them, the tubing geometry generation module can generate the tubing geometry model in segments according to the actual wellbore trajectory data of the tubing; the tubing attribute setting module provides a tubing attribute parameter interface for users to input, which can quickly and easily change the key parameters of the tubing, facilitate batch submission of examples, and obtain relevant laws; the boundary condition setting module can realize the rapid setting of tubing boundary conditions; the shock absorber attribute setting module is used to provide a shock absorber parameter input interface; the dynamic load module is used to discretely attach the load response data measured in the field to the tubing model, so as to accurately reflect the mechanical response of the tubing; the result display module is used to use Matplotlib to display concise and clear result graphs.

[0098] Specifically, a simulation method for perforation detonation response with a shock absorber is provided, which may include:

[0099] Step 1: Start the high-performance workstation and configure the supporting software required for the perforation detonation analysis system with shock absorber;

[0100] Step 2: Establish a pipe string model for perforation detonation with a shock absorber;

[0101] Step 3: Establish the mechanical model of the shock absorber;

[0102] Step 4: Set the key parameters of the pipe string geometry generation, pipe string attribute setting, boundary condition setting, and dynamic load setting modules respectively, and use the elastic coefficient, damping coefficient and other parameters in the shock absorber mechanical model to form a perforation detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber;

[0103] Step 5: discretely attach the load response data measured on site to the pipe string model to perform perforation detonation simulation analysis and calculation;

[0104] Step 6: Call the result analysis module to perform a graphical analysis on key mechanical parameters. For example, a comparison diagram of the accelerations at the upper and lower ends of the shock absorber can be displayed, from which it can be found that the shock absorber can reduce the axial acceleration of the pipe column.

[0105] In the above example, based on the parameters such as wellbore structure, wellbore trajectory, perforating string, shock absorber performance, reservoir parameters, and perforating explosion operation parameters or the dynamic load data measured on site, the shock absorber is simplified into a connector, and each perforating bullet explosion impact load is loaded on the perforating string in a concentrated force manner. By automatically generating a perforating string perforating explosion analysis finite element model, the perforating string perforating explosion response is accurately simulated, thereby providing a reliable analysis system and method for evaluating the safety of the string and the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber. The method is simple to operate, fast to calculate, and reliable in results. Among them, the dynamic simulation can accurately simulate the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber, truly restore the impact effect during the perforating explosion process, and more accurately reflect the response of the string under actual working conditions. Through detailed finite element analysis and parameter calculation, the response laws of the string vibration displacement, velocity, acceleration, and equivalent stress can be obtained to improve accurate data support. According to the performance characteristics of shock absorbers in oil and gas wells, the performance of the connection unit is openly customized to achieve the simulation of the performance of different types of shock absorbers. The perforating detonation process of the perforating string with shock absorbers can be further simulated, and numerical calculation close to the real perforating detonation process can be achieved, which provides safety guarantee for the rational use of shock absorbers, the safe design of the string and the safe implementation of perforating operations.

[0106] The method embodiments provided in the above embodiments of the present application can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device. Taking running on an electronic device as an example, Figure 5 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device for determining a perforation string perforation detonation response provided by the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include one or more (only one is shown in the figure) processors 02 (the processor 02 may include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA), a memory 04 for storing data, and a transmission module 06 for communication functions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 5 The structure shown is only for illustration and does not limit the structure of the above electronic device. Figure 5 More or fewer components as shown, or with Figure 5 Different configurations are shown.

[0107] The memory 04 can be used to store software programs and modules of application software, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforating string in the embodiment of the present application. The processor 02 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 04, that is, the method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforating string of the above-mentioned application is realized. The memory 04 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 04 may further include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 02, and these remote memories may be connected to the electronic device 10 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0108] The transmission module 06 is used to receive or send data via a network. The specific example of the above network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the electronic device 10. In one example, the transmission module 06 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission module 06 can be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0109] At the software level, the above-mentioned determination device of the perforation string perforation detonation response can be as follows: Figure 6 As shown, including:

[0110] Establishing module 601, for establishing a structural model of a target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly;

[0111] A first acquisition module 602 is used to acquire geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of a target type of shock absorber;

[0112] An input module 603 is used to input the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber;

[0113] The second acquisition module 604 is used to acquire load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions;

[0114] The loading module 605 is used to load each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data onto the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

[0115] In one embodiment, the establishment module 601 can specifically connect the upper end point of the shock absorber with the lower end point of the tubing assembly, and connect the lower end point of the shock absorber with the upper end point of the perforating gun assembly; the shock absorber is equivalent to a connector unit, and the packer, tubing assembly, perforating gun assembly and casing assembly are equivalent to a pipe unit to form a structural model of the target perforating string.

[0116] In one embodiment, the loading module 605 can be specifically defined as the concentrated force vertical to the string and the concentrated force along the axis of the string according to the spatial position of each perforation hole on the string of the perforating gun assembly section; and the detonation impact load of each perforating bullet is dynamically and concentratedly loaded on the perforating string according to the detonation time of each perforating bullet and the disappearance time of the jet.

[0117] In one embodiment, the mechanical model properties of the shock absorber may include but are not limited to at least one of the following: elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, damping mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, plastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, and upper and lower limits of the shock absorber movement.

[0118] In one embodiment, when the shock absorber is a spring shock absorber or a hydraulic shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber can be expressed as:

[0119] F=k*x

[0120] Wherein, F represents the elastic force generated by the spring or hydraulic rod of the shock absorber when subjected to external force, k represents the elastic coefficient of the shock absorber, and x represents the degree of deformation generated by the shock absorber when subjected to external force;

[0121] In the case where the shock absorber is an impact-resistant shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are represented by an axial deformation curve measured experimentally.

[0122] In one embodiment, the friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber can be expressed as:

[0123]

[0124] f1=μ1*F1

[0125] f2=μ2*M2

[0126] Among them, f t maxrepresents the composite friction force, f1 represents the axial friction force of the shock absorber, f2 represents the friction force in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, μ1 represents the axial friction coefficient of the shock absorber, μ2 represents the friction coefficient in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, F1 represents the axial force of the shock absorber, and M2 represents the rotational torque of the shock absorber.

[0127] In one embodiment, the damping mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber can be expressed as:

[0128] D1=C1*v1

[0129] D2=C2*v2

[0130] Among them, D1 represents the axial damping force of the shock absorber, C1 represents the axial damping coefficient of the shock absorber, v1 represents the axial movement speed, D2 represents the rotational damping force of the shock absorber, C2 represents the rotational damping coefficient of the shock absorber, and v2 represents the circumferential rotation angular velocity.

[0131] The embodiment of the present application also provides a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all the steps in the method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforating string in the above embodiment, wherein the electronic device specifically includes the following contents: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a bus; wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other through the bus; the processor is used to call a computer program in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, all the steps in the method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforating string in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0132] Step 1: Establish a structural model of the target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly;

[0133] Step 2: Obtaining geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber;

[0134] Step 3: inputting the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber;

[0135] Step 4: Obtaining load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions;

[0136] Step 5: Load each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data on the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

[0137] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all the steps in the method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforation string in the above embodiment. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, all the steps in the method for determining the perforation detonation response of the perforation string in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0138] Step 1: Establish a structural model of the target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly;

[0139] Step 2: Obtaining geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber;

[0140] Step 3: inputting the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber;

[0141] Step 4: Obtaining load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions;

[0142] Step 5: Load each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data on the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

[0143] From the above description, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present application establishes a structural model of a target perforating string including a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly, and inputs the geometric data of the string, the attribute data of the string, the boundary data of the string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating string to establish a perforating explosion analysis finite element model with a shock absorber; further, the load data caused by the perforating explosion of the target perforating in actual working conditions can be obtained, and each perforating bullet explosion impact load in the load data is loaded on the perforating string of the perforating explosion analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner, thereby obtaining a response to the perforating explosion of the perforating string. The above scheme solves the problem of low accuracy caused by the existing finite element analysis model not considering the influence of the shock absorber, and achieves the technical effect of accurately simulating the perforating explosion response of the perforating string with a shock absorber, so as to clarify the specific role of the shock absorber and improve the safety of the string.

[0144] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0145] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0146] Although the present application provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the order of many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order of the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0147] Although the present specification embodiment provides the method operation steps as described in the embodiment or flow chart, more or less operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative means. The order of steps listed in the embodiment is only one way in the order of execution of many steps, and does not represent a unique execution order. When the device or terminal product in practice is executed, it can be executed in sequence or in parallel (such as a parallel processor or a multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment) according to the method shown in the embodiment or the accompanying drawings. The term "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, product or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not clearly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, product or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, it is not excluded that there are other identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product or equipment including the elements.

[0148] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described in various modules according to their functions. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or more software and / or hardware, or the module implementing the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0149] Those skilled in the art also know that, in addition to implementing the controller in a purely computer-readable program code, the controller can be made to implement the same function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, such a controller can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices for implementing various functions included therein can also be considered as structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules for implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0150] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0151] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0152] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0153] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0154] The memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0155] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0156] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of this specification may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments of this specification may take the form of complete hardware embodiments, complete software embodiments or embodiments combining software and hardware. Moreover, the embodiments of this specification may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0157] The present specification embodiments may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present specification embodiments may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0158] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description of this specification, the description of the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of this specification. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily target the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, in the absence of contradiction, a person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0159] The above is only an example of the embodiment of the present specification and is not intended to limit the embodiment of the present specification. For those skilled in the art, the embodiment of the present specification may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiment of the present specification shall be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiment of the present specification.

Claims

1. A method for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforating string, characterized in that: The method comprises: Establishing a structural model of a target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly; Acquire geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of a target type of shock absorber; Inputting the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber; Acquiring load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions; Each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data is loaded on the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Establish the structural model of the target perforating string, including: Connecting the upper end point of the shock absorber to the lower end point of the oil pipe assembly, and connecting the lower end point of the shock absorber to the upper end point of the perforating gun assembly; The shock absorber is equivalent to a connector unit, and the packer, tubing assembly, perforating gun assembly and casing assembly are equivalent to a pipe unit to form a structural model of the target perforating string.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The detonation impact load of each perforating charge is applied to the perforating string in the form of concentrated force to obtain the response to the perforation detonation of the perforating string, including: According to the spatial position of each perforation hole on the perforating gun assembly section string, it is defined as the concentrated force vertical to the string and the concentrated force along the axial direction of the string; According to the detonation time of each perforating bullet and the disappearance time of the jet, the detonation impact load of each perforating bullet is concentrated and dynamically loaded on the perforating string.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical model properties of the shock absorber include at least one of the following: elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, damping mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, plastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber, and upper and lower limits of the shock absorber movement.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that When the shock absorber is a spring shock absorber or a hydraulic shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as: F=k*x Wherein, F represents the elastic force generated by the spring or hydraulic rod of the shock absorber when subjected to external force, k represents the elastic coefficient of the shock absorber, and x represents the degree of deformation generated by the shock absorber when subjected to external force; In the case where the shock absorber is an impact-resistant shock absorber, the elastic mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are represented by an axial deformation curve measured experimentally.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The friction mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as: f1=μ1*F1 f2=μ2*M2 Among them, f t max represents the composite friction force, f1 represents the axial friction force of the shock absorber, f2 represents the friction force in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, μ1 represents the axial friction coefficient of the shock absorber, μ2 represents the friction coefficient in the rotational direction of the shock absorber, F1 represents the axial force of the shock absorber, and M2 represents the rotational torque of the shock absorber.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The damping mechanical property parameters of the shock absorber are expressed as: D1=C1*v1 D2=C2*v2 Among them, D1 represents the axial damping force of the shock absorber, C1 represents the axial damping coefficient of the shock absorber, v1 represents the axial movement speed, D2 represents the rotational damping force of the shock absorber, C2 represents the rotational damping coefficient of the shock absorber, and v2 represents the circumferential rotation angular velocity.

8. A device for determining a perforation detonation response of a perforating string, characterized in that: include: A building module is used to build a structural model of a target perforating string, wherein the structural model includes: a packer, a tubing assembly, a shock absorber, a perforating gun assembly and a casing assembly; A first acquisition module is used to acquire geometric data of the pipe string, attribute data of the pipe string, boundary data of the pipe string, and mechanical model attribute data of a target type of shock absorber; An input module, used for inputting the geometric data of the pipe string, the attribute data of the pipe string, the boundary data of the pipe string, and the mechanical model attribute data of the target type of shock absorber into the structural model of the target perforating pipe string to establish a perforating detonation analysis finite element model with shock absorber; A second acquisition module is used to acquire load data caused by perforation detonation of the target perforation in actual working conditions; The loading module is used to load each perforating charge detonation impact load in the load data on the perforating string of the perforating detonation analysis finite element model in a concentrated force manner to obtain a response to the perforating detonation of the perforating string.

9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the instructions, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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