Multi-energy port medium and long term optimization scheduling method and system considering long and short term energy storage cooperation

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-energy port medium and long term optimization scheduling method and system considering long and short term energy storage cooperation. The method comprises the following steps: collecting port equipment parameters and load data information; establishing a multi-energy port operation constraint considering an electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy coupling relationship and long-time hydrogen energy storage-short-time electric energy storage cooperation; according to the method, the port electricity purchase cost, the multi-energy equipment operation and maintenance cost, the load shedding cost and the wind and light abandoning cost are considered, the lowest comprehensive cost is taken as an objective function, the multi-energy port operation constraint is taken as a constraint condition, and a multi-energy port medium-and-long-term optimization scheduling model considering the electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy coupling relation and long-time hydrogen energy storage-short-time electricity energy storage cooperation is constructed; and solving the model, and obtaining the power grid electricity purchasing power of the port in the scheduling period and the output condition of each type of equipment. According to the invention, complementation and mutual assistance among multiple time scales and multiple types of energy sources of the port can be realized, the operation cost of the comprehensive energy system of the port is reduced, and medium and long-term power fluctuation of the net load under photovoltaic access of the port area is dealt with.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of port optimization and scheduling, and relates to a medium- and long-term optimization and scheduling method and system for a multi-energy port considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage. Background Art

[0002] With the low carbonization and electrification of port energy, ports are gradually becoming new clean energy centers integrating power systems, hydrogen energy and other low-carbon fuels. In addition, large-scale access to new energy sources has put forward higher energy storage requirements for the port's carrying capacity. However, the current focus of port integrated energy systems is more on the optimized operation within the day, and there is insufficient research on medium- and long-term optimization, and less on the long-term storage characteristics of hydrogen energy storage.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new medium- and long-term optimization scheduling method for multi-energy ports that takes into account the synergy of long- and short-term energy storage. By fully considering the coupling of electric and hydrogen energy and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electric energy storage, the economy and low-carbon nature of the port can be improved, which will help improve the port's power supply capacity and the level of new energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a medium- and long-term optimization scheduling method and system for a multi-energy port taking into account the synergy of long-term and short-term energy storage. Based on the medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model of a multi-energy port taking into account the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat multiple energy sources and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage, the method realizes the complementarity and mutual assistance among multiple time scales and multiple types of energy in the port, reduces the operating cost of the port's comprehensive energy system, and copes with the medium- and long-term power fluctuations of the net load under photovoltaic access in the port area.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention proposes a mid- to long-term optimization scheduling method for a multi-energy port considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage, comprising:

[0007] Collect port equipment parameters and load data information;

[0008] Based on the port equipment parameters and load data information, establish multi-energy port operation constraints that consider the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage;

[0009] Taking into account the port's electricity purchase cost, multi-energy equipment operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost, and wind and solar power abandonment cost, with the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function and the multi-energy port operation constraints as constraints, a medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model for multi-energy ports is constructed, which takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage. The model is solved to obtain the power purchased by the power grid and the output of various equipment in the port during the scheduling period.

[0010] Preferably, the port equipment parameters include operating parameter information of electric hydrogen production equipment, electric energy storage, hydrogen storage device and hydrogen fuel cell; the load data information includes electric load and thermal load data information.

[0011] Preferably, based on the port equipment parameters and load data information, a multi-energy port operation constraint is established that takes into account the electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy coupling relationship and the long-term hydrogen energy storage-short-term electricity energy storage coordination, including multi-energy equipment operation constraints, energy balance constraints and system operation constraints; wherein the multi-energy equipment operation constraints include electric hydrogen production equipment operation constraints, hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints, and long-term hydrogen energy storage-short-term electricity energy storage coordinated operation constraints.

[0012] Preferably, the operating constraints of the electric hydrogen production equipment are as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Where: P t ELZ , is the input power of hydrogen production at time t and t-1;

[0015] is the output hydrogen power of hydrogen produced by electricity at time t;

[0016] is the output thermal power of hydrogen production at time t;

[0017] k is the boundary point of the electric hydrogen production operation area;

[0018] S ELZ is a set of boundary points of the operation domain of hydrogen production by electricity;

[0019] and They are the electric power boundary value and the thermal power boundary value of the output operation range of the electric hydrogen production equipment respectively;

[0020] η t,k is the output coefficient of the kth boundary point of hydrogen production by electricity at time t;

[0021] P ELZ,max and P ELZ,min They are the upper and lower limits of the input electric power for hydrogen production from electricity, respectively;

[0022] U ELZ and D ELZ They are the maximum up and down climbing capabilities of hydrogen production from electricity, respectively.

[0023] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints are as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Where: η FC is the total thermoelectric efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0026] is the hydrogen energy power of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t and t-1;

[0027] P t FC is the electric power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t;

[0028] is the thermal power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t;

[0029] λ1 and λ2 are the lower and upper limits of the thermoelectric power ratio of hydrogen fuel cells;

[0030] M FC,min and M FC,max The lower and upper limits of hydrogen energy power of hydrogen fuel cells;

[0031] U FC and D FC They are the maximum uphill and downhill climbing capabilities of hydrogen fuel cells respectively.

[0032] Preferably, the long-term hydrogen energy storage-short-term electric energy storage coordinated operation constraints are:

[0033]

[0034] W PS,min ≤W t PS ≤W PS,max (28)

[0035] Where: are the capacities of the hydrogen storage device at time t and time t-1 respectively;

[0036] η HS,ch , η HS,dis They are the charging and discharging efficiency of the hydrogen storage device respectively;

[0037] is the power of charging and discharging hydrogen of the hydrogen storage device at time t;

[0038] are the capacities of the hydrogen storage device at the initial moment and at time T respectively;

[0039] The state variables of hydrogen storage device charging and discharging hydrogen;

[0040] M HS,max 、M HS,max The upper and lower limits of hydrogen charging and discharging power for the hydrogen storage device;

[0041] E HS,min 、EHS,max are the minimum and maximum storage capacities of the hydrogen storage device, respectively;

[0042] T is a scheduling period;

[0043] They are the energy storage capacity at time t and time t-1 respectively;

[0044] P t PS,ch , P t PS,dis are the charging and discharging powers of the energy storage at time t respectively;

[0045] η PS,ch , η PS,di s are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage;

[0046] They are the energy storage capacity at the initial moment and at time T respectively;

[0047] [·] is the rounding function, when t is an integer multiple of 24, [t / 24]=t / 24 holds;

[0048] and P is the state variable of energy storage charging and discharging; PS,max It is the upper limit of charging and discharging power of electric energy storage;

[0049] W PS,min and W PS,max are the minimum and maximum storage capacities of electric energy storage, respectively.

[0050] Preferably, the energy balance constraint is as follows:

[0051] P t BESS,dis +P t g,buy +P t res +P t FC =P t ELZ +P t ED +P t BESS,ch (29)

[0052]

[0053] Where: P t BESS,dis is the power discharged by the port's energy storage at time t;

[0054] P t g,buyThe power purchased by the port from the main power grid at time t;

[0055] P t res is the actual output of the port's new energy at time t;

[0056] P t FC is the electric power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t;

[0057] P t ELZ is the input power of hydrogen production at time t;

[0058] P t ED is the actual absorbed power of the port's electrical load at time t;

[0059] P t BESS,ch is the power stored by the port's electric energy storage at time t;

[0060] is the actual absorbed power of the port's heat load at time t;

[0061] is the thermal power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t;

[0062] is the output hydrogen power of hydrogen produced by electricity at time t;

[0063] is the hydrogen energy power of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t;

[0064] is the power of storing and discharging electricity of the hydrogen storage device at time t;

[0065] is the actual absorbed power of the port’s hydrogen load at time t.

[0066] Preferably, the system operation constraints are:

[0067] 0≤P t g,buy ≤P g,max (32)

[0068] 0≤P t res ≤P t cal (33)

[0069] 0≤P t ED ≤P t EL (34)

[0070]

[0071] Where: P t g,buy The power purchased by the port from the main power grid at time t;

[0072] P g,max The maximum power that the port can purchase from the upper grid;

[0073] P t res is the actual output of the port's new energy at time t;

[0074] P t cal is the predicted power of the port's new energy at time t;

[0075] P t ED is the actual absorbed power of the port's electrical load at time t;

[0076] P t EL is the power demand of the port electrical load at time t;

[0077] is the actual absorbed power of the port's heat load at time t;

[0078] is the power demand of the port heat load at time t;

[0079] is the actual absorbed power of the port’s hydrogen load at time t;

[0080] is the power demand of the port hydrogen load at time t.

[0081] Preferably, the objective function of the multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model taking into account the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage is:

[0082] minC=C GRID +C ELZ +C BESS +C HS +C FC +C CUT +C ABA (37)

[0083] Where: C is the comprehensive cost;

[0084] C GRID , C ELZ , C BESS , C HS , CFC , C CUT and C ABA They are electricity purchase cost, electric hydrogen production equipment operation and maintenance cost, electric energy storage operation and maintenance cost, hydrogen storage device operation and maintenance cost, hydrogen fuel cell operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost and wind and solar power abandonment cost.

[0085] Preferably, the electricity purchase cost is:

[0086]

[0087] Where: T is a scheduling period;

[0088] is the day-ahead price of electricity purchased by the port main power grid at time t;

[0089] P t g,buy The power purchased by the port from the main power grid at time t;

[0090] The operation and maintenance costs of the electric hydrogen production equipment, the electric energy storage, the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen fuel cell are as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Where: c ELZ is the unit operation and maintenance cost coefficient of hydrogen production by electricity;

[0093] P t ELZ is the input power of hydrogen production at time t;

[0094] c BESS,ch and c BESS,dis The unit storage and discharge operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the electric energy storage unit;

[0095] P t BESS,ch and P t BESS,dis is the power stored and discharged by the port's energy storage at time t;

[0096] c HS,ch and c HS,dis is the unit storage and discharge operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the hydrogen storage device;

[0097] is the power of storing and discharging electricity of the hydrogen storage device at time t;

[0098] c FC is the unit operation and maintenance cost coefficient of hydrogen fuel cells;

[0099] is the hydrogen energy power of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t;

[0100] The load shedding cost is:

[0101]

[0102] Where: and are the unit electricity load cutting, heat load cutting and hydrogen load cutting cost coefficients respectively;

[0103] P t cut , and are the power of electric load, thermal load and hydrogen load removed at time t respectively;

[0104] The cost of curtailing wind and solar power is:

[0105]

[0106] Where: is the unit cost of wind and solar power abandonment, P t ABA is the abandoned wind and solar power at time t.

[0107] The second aspect of the present invention proposes a mid- to long-term optimization scheduling system for a multi-energy port taking into account the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage, comprising:

[0108] Data acquisition module, used to collect port equipment parameters and load data information;

[0109] An operation constraint building module is used to establish multi-energy port operation constraints that consider the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage based on port equipment parameters and load data information;

[0110] The model building and solving module is used to consider the port's electricity purchase cost, multi-energy equipment operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost, and wind and solar power abandonment cost. It takes the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function and the multi-energy port operation constraints as constraints to build a multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model that takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage. The model is solved to obtain the power purchased by the power grid and the output of various equipment in the port during the scheduling period.

[0111] A third aspect of the present invention provides a terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used to store instructions; the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method.

[0112] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the method when executed by a processor.

[0113] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0114] The present invention obtains multi-energy port operation constraints that take into account the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat multiple energy sources and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage, and constructs a medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model of a port comprehensive energy system with multiple time scales and multi-energy complementarity of hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage with the objective function of minimizing comprehensive cost. The output of various types of port equipment and the balance of supply and demand of the port are obtained by solving the model. With green hydrogen as the carrier and based on the electric hydrogen production operation domain model, the coordinated optimization of the port system under the coupling of electricity, hydrogen and heat multiple energy sources is realized, which can effectively reduce the cost of energy supply, promote the consumption of photovoltaic resources, and effectively support power fluctuations at different time scales through hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage.

[0115] The present invention also takes into account different weather characteristics within the scheduling period. The scheduling period is one week, and optimized scheduling is carried out on a weekly basis, which reduces the port operation cost and ensures the energy supply reliability of the port in severe weather. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0116] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0117] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-energy port;

[0118] Figure 3 It is the charging and discharging situation of electric / hydrogen energy storage during the dispatch cycle;

[0119] Figure 4 It is a comparison of hydrogen energy storage and hydrogen storage capacity under different scenarios. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0120] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the spirit of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0121] like Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a medium- and long-term optimization scheduling method for a multi-energy port considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0122] Step 1: Collect port equipment parameters and load data information;

[0123] Further preferably, the port equipment parameters and load data information include electric hydrogen production equipment, electric energy storage, hydrogen storage device, hydrogen fuel cell operation parameter information, as well as electric load and thermal load data information.

[0124] Step 2: Based on the port equipment parameters and load data information, establish multi-energy port operation constraints that consider the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage;

[0125] Further preferably, based on the port equipment parameters and load data information, the multi-energy coupling relationship and the long-term hydrogen energy storage-short-term electric energy storage synergy are considered to obtain the multi-energy port operation constraints, which specifically include:

[0126] (1) Operation constraints of multi-energy equipment

[0127] 1) Electric hydrogen production equipment

[0128] Considering that the operating efficiency of hydrogen production is closely related to its working area, and taking into account the waste heat recovery process, the operating constraints of hydrogen production units based on the operating domain are as follows:

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] P ELZ,min ≤P t ELZ ≤P ELZ,max (6)

[0132]

[0133] Where: P t ELZ is the input power of hydrogen production at time t; H is the output hydrogen power of hydrogen production at time t; t ELZ is the output thermal power of hydrogen production at time t; k is the boundary point of the hydrogen production operation area; S ELZ is a set of boundary points of the operation domain of hydrogen production by electricity; and are the electric power boundary value and thermal power boundary value of the output operation range of the electric hydrogen production equipment respectively; η t,k is the output coefficient of the kth boundary point of hydrogen production by electricity at time t;

[0134] and It is the boundary value of the output operation range of the electric hydrogen production equipment. ELZ,max and P ELZ,min U is the upper and lower limits of the input power of hydrogen production; ELZ and D ELZ They are the maximum up and down climbing capabilities of hydrogen production from electricity, respectively.

[0135] Formula (1) is the power balance equation of the electric hydrogen production equipment; Formulas (2)-(3) are used to calculate the power of the electric hydrogen production equipment for hydrogen production and heat generation respectively; Formulas (4)-(5) are used to limit the output coefficient of the boundary point of the electric hydrogen production;

[0136] Formula (6) describes the upper and lower limits of the operating power of the electric hydrogen production system; Formula (7) is the ramp constraint of the electric hydrogen production equipment.

[0137] 2) Hydrogen fuel cells

[0138] The thermal and electrical outputs of hydrogen fuel cells are linearly related and adjustable within a certain range. The specific operating constraints are as follows:

[0139]

[0140] Where: η FC is the total thermoelectric efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; P is the hydrogen power of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; t FC is the electric power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; is the thermal power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; λ1 and λ2 are the upper and lower limits of the thermal power ratio of the hydrogen fuel cell; M FC,min and M FC,max is the lower and upper limits of hydrogen energy power of hydrogen fuel cells; D FC and U FC This is the limit of the climbing ability of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0141] Formula (14) defines the power balance relationship of the hydrogen fuel cell; Formula (15) describes the constraint relationship between heat generation and power generation of the hydrogen fuel cell; Formula (16) defines the upper and lower limits of the operating power of the hydrogen fuel cell; Formula (17) is the ramp constraint of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0142] This patent sets up a long-term hydrogen energy storage-short-term electric energy storage coordinated operation model to handle the energy interaction of a typical day in the medium and long term, which is specifically expressed as follows:

[0143] 3) Long-term hydrogen energy storage model

[0144]

[0145] Formula (18) describes the capacity change of the hydrogen storage device; Formula (19) shows that the capacity of hydrogen storage at the initial moment is the same as the capacity at the final moment. Formula (20) describes the maximum charging and discharging power limit of the hydrogen storage device at each moment; Formula (21) constrains that hydrogen storage and discharging cannot be carried out at the same time; Formula (22) constrains the capacity of hydrogen energy storage.

[0146] 4) Short-term electrical energy storage model

[0147]

[0148] Where: are the capacities of the hydrogen storage device at time t and time t-1 respectively; η HS,ch , η HS,dis They are the charging and discharging efficiency of the hydrogen storage device respectively; is the power of charging and discharging hydrogen of the hydrogen storage device at time t; are the capacities of the hydrogen storage device at the initial moment and at time T respectively; M is the state variable of hydrogen storage device charging and discharging hydrogen; HS,max 、M HS,max The upper and lower limits of the hydrogen storage device’s charging and discharging power; E HS,min 、E HS,max are the minimum and maximum storage capacities of the hydrogen storage device respectively; T is a scheduling cycle; W t PS , are the energy storage capacity at time t and time t-1 respectively; P t PS,ch , P t PS,dis are the charging and discharging powers of the energy storage at time t; η PS,ch , η PS,dis are the charging and discharging efficiency of electric energy storage respectively; and P is the state variable of energy storage charging and discharging; PS,max The upper limit of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage; W PS,min and W PS,max are the minimum and maximum storage capacities of electric energy storage respectively, [x] is the rounding function, and when t is an integer multiple of 24, [t / 24]=t / 24 holds.

[0149] Formula (23) describes the relationship between the charging and discharging of energy storage and the remaining power in the device; Formula (24) limits the energy storage to charging and discharging only within the day, limiting the intraday balance of the energy storage capacity; Formulas (25)-(26) are the upper and lower limit constraints of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage; Formula (27) constrains that charging and discharging cannot be carried out at the same time; Formula (28) constrains the capacity of the energy storage.

[0150] (2) Energy balance constraints

[0151] Energy balance constraints include the supply and demand balance of electricity, heat, and hydrogen, which are shown below respectively.

[0152] P t BESS,dis +P t g,buy +P t res +P t FC =Pt ELZ +P t ED +P t BESS,ch (29)

[0153]

[0154] Where: P t res is the actual output of the port's new energy at time t; P t ED is the actual absorbed power of the port's electrical load at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port's heat load at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port’s hydrogen load at time t.

[0155] (3) Other constraints

[0156] System operation constraints also include grid power supply constraints, new energy output constraints, and upper and lower limit constraints on electricity, heat and hydrogen loads.

[0157] 0≤P t g,buy ≤P g,max (32)

[0158] 0≤P t res ≤P t cal (33)

[0159] 0≤P t ED ≤P t EL (34)

[0160]

[0161] Where: P g,max P is the maximum power purchased by the port from the upper power grid; t cal is the predicted power of the port's new energy at time t; P t EL is the power demand of the port electrical load at time t; is the power demand of the port heat load at time t; is the required power of the port hydrogen load at time t; P t res is the actual output of the port's new energy at time t; P t ED is the actual absorbed power of the port's electrical load at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port's heat load at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port’s hydrogen load at time t.

[0162] Step 3. Considering the port's electricity purchase cost, multi-energy equipment operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost, and wind and solar power abandonment cost, with the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function and the multi-energy port operation constraints as constraints, a medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model for a multi-energy port is constructed that takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen, and heat and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage. The model is solved to obtain the power purchased by the power grid and the output of various equipment in the port during the scheduling period.

[0163] Further optimization is performed by considering the port's electricity purchase cost, equipment operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost, and wind and solar power abandonment cost, taking the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function, and constructing a multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model that takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage. The model is solved to obtain the power purchase power of the power grid and the output of various equipment in the port during the scheduling period, as follows:

[0164] The objective function of the mid- and long-term optimal scheduling of multi-energy ports is:

[0165] minC=C GRID +C ELZ +C BESS +C HS +C FC +C CUT +C ABA (37)

[0166] Where: C is the total cost of system operation; C GRID , C ELZ , C BESS , C HS , C FC , C CUT and C ABA

[0167] They are respectively the cost of purchasing electricity, electric hydrogen production equipment, electric energy storage, hydrogen storage devices, operation and maintenance costs of hydrogen fuel cells, load shedding costs and wind and solar power abandonment costs.

[0168] By solving the multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model that takes into account the coupling relationship between electricity, hydrogen and heat and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage, the power purchased by the power grid and the output of various equipment under the scheduling cycle can be obtained, including: P t g,buy , P t FC , P t ELZ , P t BESS,ch , Pt BESS,dis ,

[0169] Specifically, the costs include the following:

[0170] (1) Power purchase cost

[0171]

[0172] Where: T is a scheduling period, which is 168h; is the day-ahead price of electricity purchased by the port main power grid at time t; t g,buy is the power purchased by port i from the main power grid at time t.

[0173] (2) Equipment operation and maintenance costs

[0174] Equipment operation and maintenance costs include the operation and maintenance costs of electric hydrogen production equipment, electric energy storage, hydrogen storage devices, and hydrogen fuel cells.

[0175]

[0176]

[0177] Where: c ELZ c is the unit operation and maintenance cost coefficient of hydrogen production by electricity; BESS,ch and c BESS,dis c is the unit storage and release operation and maintenance cost coefficient of electric energy storage; HS,ch and c HS,dis is the unit storage, release, operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the hydrogen storage device; c FC P is the unit operation and maintenance cost coefficient of hydrogen fuel cells; t BESS,ch and P t BESS,dis is the power stored and discharged by the energy storage at port i at time t.

[0178] (3) Load shedding cost

[0179] In order to ensure the solvability of the scheduling model, this paper takes into account the system's load shedding cost, including the cost of cutting electricity load, the cost of cutting heat load and the cost of cutting hydrogen load.

[0180]

[0181] Where: and are the unit electricity load cutting, heat load cutting and hydrogen load cutting cost coefficients respectively; P t cut , and They are respectively the electric load, thermal load and hydrogen load powers removed at time t.

[0182] (4) Cost of curtailing wind and solar power

[0183]

[0184] Where: is the unit cost of wind and solar power abandonment, P t ABA is the abandoned wind and solar power at time t.

[0185] In summary, by obtaining the multi-energy port operation constraints that take into account the multi-energy coupling relationship and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electric energy storage, and taking the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function, a multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model that takes into account the multi-energy coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electric energy storage is constructed. The solution is solved with a scheduling cycle of one week to obtain the power purchase power of the port power grid, the output of various equipment, and the balance of supply and demand of the port.

[0186] The embodiment analysis is as follows:

[0187] The model established by the present invention is applied to a port for example verification, with a week of 168 hours as a complete scheduling cycle and a unit scheduling time of 1 hour. According to the output of wind and solar resources, a week is divided into two typical days: sunny days and rainy days, where Monday to Wednesday and Friday to Saturday are sunny, and Thursday and Sunday are cloudy.

[0188] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the multi-energy port of the present invention is given, involving three energy forms: electricity, hydrogen and heat. The input end considers power supply from the upper power grid and new energy power generation, and the output end considers electrical load and thermal load.

[0189] Figure 3 The charging and discharging conditions of electric / hydrogen energy storage within the dispatching period are given. Figure 3 It can be seen that electric energy storage is charged and stored at the peak time of photovoltaic output, and releases energy during the evening peak load, playing a certain role in peak load regulation; and, due to its shorter continuous charging and discharging time, electric energy storage usually plays a short-term electric energy balancing role in intraday scheduling (charging / discharging state balance 24 hours a day). In contrast, hydrogen energy storage performs long-term hydrogen storage on sunny days (t0-t72), and the hydrogen storage capacity increases steadily, while long-term hydrogen release on cloudy days (t73-t96) effectively supports the load fluctuations caused by long-term imbalance of wind and solar output.

[0190] Figure 4To compare the hydrogen storage capacity under different scenarios, three scenarios are set as follows: 1) Scenario 1: Based on the model proposed in this article, it is set that the whole week is sunny; 2) Scenario 2: Based on the model proposed in this article, it is set that Monday to Wednesday and Friday to Saturday are sunny, and Thursday and Sunday are cloudy; 3) Scenario 3: Based on the model proposed in this article, it is set that Monday to Wednesday and Friday to Saturday are sunny, and Thursday and Sunday are rainy. Figure 4 It can be seen that when the wind and solar power output fluctuates greatly in the medium and long term, hydrogen energy storage can give full play to the advantages of long-term energy storage and achieve medium and long-term electricity balance.

[0191] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a mid- to long-term optimization and dispatching system for a multi-energy port taking into account the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage, including:

[0192] Data acquisition module, used to collect port equipment parameters and load data information;

[0193] An operation constraint building module is used to establish multi-energy port operation constraints that consider the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage based on port equipment parameters and load data information;

[0194] The model building and solving module is used to consider the port's electricity purchase cost, multi-energy equipment operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost, and wind and solar power abandonment cost. It takes the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function and the multi-energy port operation constraints as constraints to build a multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model that takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage. The model is solved to obtain the power purchased by the power grid and the output of various equipment in the port during the scheduling period.

[0195] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a terminal, including a processor and a storage medium, wherein the storage medium is used to store instructions; the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method.

[0196] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the method when executed by a processor.

[0197] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0198] The present invention obtains multi-energy port operation constraints that take into account the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat multiple energy sources and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage, and constructs a medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model of a port comprehensive energy system with multiple time scales and multi-energy complementarity of hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage with the objective function of minimizing comprehensive cost. The output of various types of port equipment and the balance of supply and demand of the port are obtained by solving the model. With green hydrogen as the carrier and based on the electric hydrogen production operation domain model, the coordinated optimization of the port system under the coupling of electricity, hydrogen and heat multiple energy sources is realized, which can effectively reduce the cost of energy supply, promote the consumption of photovoltaic resources, and effectively support power fluctuations at different time scales through hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage.

[0199] The present invention also takes into account different weather characteristics within the scheduling period. The scheduling period is one week, and optimized scheduling is carried out on a weekly basis, which reduces the port operation cost and ensures the energy supply reliability of the port in severe weather.

[0200] The present disclosure may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0201] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0202] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0203] The computer program instructions for performing the operation of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be customized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions, and the electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0204] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mid- to long-term optimization scheduling method for multi-energy ports considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage, characterized in that: include: Collect port equipment parameters and load data information; Based on the port equipment parameters and load data information, establish multi-energy port operation constraints that consider the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage; Taking into account the port's electricity purchase cost, multi-energy equipment operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost, and wind and solar power abandonment cost, with the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function and the multi-energy port operation constraints as constraints, a medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model for multi-energy ports is constructed, which takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage. The model is solved to obtain the power purchased by the power grid and the output of various equipment in the port during the scheduling period.

2. According to claim 1, a mid- and long-term optimization scheduling method for a multi-energy port considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage is characterized by: The port equipment parameters include electric hydrogen production equipment, electric energy storage, hydrogen storage device and hydrogen fuel cell operation parameter information; the load data information includes electric load and thermal load data information.

3. According to claim 1, a method for mid- and long-term optimization and scheduling of multi-energy ports taking into account the coordination of long- and short-term energy storage is characterized in that: Based on the port equipment parameters and load data information, a multi-energy port operation constraint is established that takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat multiple energy sources and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage, including multi-energy equipment operation constraints, energy balance constraints and system operation constraints; among which, the multi-energy equipment operation constraints include electric hydrogen production equipment operation constraints, hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints, and long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage coordinated operation constraints.

4. According to claim 3, a method for mid- and long-term optimization and scheduling of a multi-energy port taking into account the coordination of long- and short-term energy storage is characterized in that: The operating constraints of the electric hydrogen production equipment are as follows: Where: is the input power of hydrogen production at time t and t-1; is the output hydrogen power of hydrogen produced by electricity at time t; is the output thermal power of hydrogen production at time t; k is the boundary point of the electric hydrogen production operation area; S ELZ is a set of boundary points of the operation domain of hydrogen production by electricity; and They are the electric power boundary value and the thermal power boundary value of the output operation range of the electric hydrogen production equipment respectively; η t,k is the output coefficient of the kth boundary point of hydrogen production by electricity at time t; P ELZ,max and P ELZ,min They are the upper and lower limits of the input electric power for hydrogen production from electricity, respectively; U ELZ and D ELZ They are the maximum up and down climbing capabilities of hydrogen production from electricity, respectively.

5. According to claim 3, a method for mid- and long-term optimization and scheduling of a multi-energy port taking into account the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage is characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell operation constraints are as follows: Where: η FC is the total thermoelectric efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; is the hydrogen energy power of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t and t-1; is the electric power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; is the thermal power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; λ1 and λ2 are the lower and upper limits of the thermoelectric power ratio of hydrogen fuel cells; M FC,min and M FC,max The lower and upper limits of hydrogen energy power of hydrogen fuel cells; U FC and D FC They are the maximum uphill and downhill climbing capabilities of hydrogen fuel cells respectively.

6. According to claim 3, a method for mid- and long-term optimization and scheduling of a multi-energy port taking into account the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage is characterized in that: The long-term hydrogen energy storage-short-term electric energy storage coordinated operation constraints are: Where: are the capacities of the hydrogen storage device at time t and time t-1 respectively; η HS,ch , η HS,dis They are the charging and discharging efficiency of the hydrogen storage device respectively; is the power of charging and discharging hydrogen of the hydrogen storage device at time t; are the capacities of the hydrogen storage device at the initial moment and at time T respectively; The state variables of charging and discharging hydrogen for the hydrogen storage device; M HS,max 、M HS,max The upper and lower limits of hydrogen charging and discharging power for the hydrogen storage device; E HS,min 、E HS,max are the minimum and maximum storage capacities of the hydrogen storage device, respectively; T is a scheduling period; They are the energy storage capacity at time t and time t-1 respectively; are the charging and discharging powers of the energy storage at time t respectively; η PS,ch , η PS,dis are the charging and discharging efficiency of electric energy storage respectively; They are the energy storage capacity at the initial moment and at time T respectively; [·] is the rounding function, when t is an integer multiple of 24, [t / 24]=t / 24 holds; and P is the state variable of energy storage charging and discharging; PS,max It is the upper limit of charging and discharging power of electric energy storage; W PS,min and W PS,max are the minimum and maximum storage capacities of electric energy storage, respectively.

7. According to claim 3, a method for mid- and long-term optimization and scheduling of multi-energy ports taking into account the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage is characterized in that: The energy balance constraints are as follows: Where: is the power discharged by the port's energy storage at time t; The power purchased by the port from the main power grid at time t; is the actual output of the port's new energy at time t; is the electric power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; is the input power of hydrogen production at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port's electrical load at time t; is the power stored by the port's electric energy storage at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port's heat load at time t; is the thermal power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; is the output hydrogen power of hydrogen produced by electricity at time t; is the hydrogen energy power of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; is the power of storing and discharging electricity of the hydrogen storage device at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port’s hydrogen load at time t.

8. According to claim 3, a method for mid- and long-term optimization and scheduling of multi-energy ports taking into account the coordination of long- and short-term energy storage is characterized in that: The system operation constraints are: Where: The power purchased by the port from the main power grid at time t; P g,max The maximum power that the port can purchase from the upper grid; is the actual output of the port's new energy at time t; is the predicted power of the port's new energy at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port's electrical load at time t; is the power demand of the port electrical load at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port's heat load at time t; is the power demand of the port heat load at time t; is the actual absorbed power of the port’s hydrogen load at time t; is the power demand of the port hydrogen load at time t.

9. The method for mid- and long-term optimization scheduling of a multi-energy port considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function of the multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model taking into account the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage is: minC=C GRID +C ELZ +C BESS +C HS +C FC +C CUT +C ABA (37) Where: C is the comprehensive cost; C GRID , C ELZ , C BESS , C HS , C FC , C CUT and C ABA They are electricity purchase cost, electric hydrogen production equipment operation and maintenance cost, electric energy storage operation and maintenance cost, hydrogen storage device operation and maintenance cost, hydrogen fuel cell operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost and wind and solar power abandonment cost.

10. A mid- to long-term optimization scheduling method for a multi-energy port considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electricity purchase cost is: Where: T is a scheduling period; is the day-ahead price of electricity purchased by the port main power grid at time t; The power purchased by the port from the main power grid at time t; The operation and maintenance costs of the electric hydrogen production equipment, the electric energy storage, the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen fuel cell are as follows: Where: c ELZ is the unit operation and maintenance cost coefficient of hydrogen production by electricity; is the input power of hydrogen production at time t; c BESS,ch and c BESS,dis The unit storage and discharge operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the electric energy storage unit; and is the power stored and discharged by the port's energy storage at time t; c HS,ch and c HS,dis is the unit storage and discharge operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the hydrogen storage device; is the power of storing and discharging electricity of the hydrogen storage device at time t; c FC is the unit operation and maintenance cost coefficient of hydrogen fuel cells; is the hydrogen energy power of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; The load shedding cost is: Where: and are the unit electricity load cutting, heat load cutting and hydrogen load cutting cost coefficients respectively; and are the power of electric load, thermal load and hydrogen load removed at time t respectively; The cost of curtailing wind and solar power is: Where: is the unit wind and solar curtailment cost, is the wind and solar power abandoned at time t.

11. A multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling system considering the coordination of long-term and short-term energy storage, using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The system comprises: Data acquisition module, used to collect port equipment parameters and load data information; An operation constraint building module is used to establish multi-energy port operation constraints that consider the coupling relationship of electricity, hydrogen and heat and the coordination of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage based on port equipment parameters and load data information; The model building and solving module is used to consider the port's electricity purchase cost, multi-energy equipment operation and maintenance cost, load shedding cost, and wind and solar power abandonment cost. It takes the lowest comprehensive cost as the objective function and the multi-energy port operation constraints as constraints to build a multi-energy port medium- and long-term optimization scheduling model that takes into account the coupling relationship of electricity-hydrogen-heat multi-energy and the synergy of long-term hydrogen energy storage and short-term electricity energy storage. The model is solved to obtain the power purchased by the power grid and the output of various equipment in the port during the scheduling period.

12. A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-10.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

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