Multifunctional simulation hazardous chemical substance tank car training device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional simulation hazardous chemical substance tank car training device and method, and belongs to the technical field of simulation training devices.The multifunctional simulation hazardous chemical substance tank car training device specifically comprises a training system and a control terminal; the training system comprises a real fire module, an explosion module, a low-temperature nitrogen leakage module, a high-temperature steam leakage module, a liquid inverted tank module, a liquid phase replacement type plugging module, a gas leakage module, a liquid leakage module, an electrostatic grounding module, a fuming module, a gas detection module and a water medium avoiding module. The control terminal is connected with the training system and controls different modules of the training system, so that simulation of various types of tank cars is realized, and the training efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of simulation training devices, and in particular relates to a multifunctional simulation hazardous chemicals tank truck training device and method. Background Art

[0002] Dangerous chemicals are generally transported in hazardous chemical tank trucks, which become a mobile source of danger. Once a traffic accident occurs, there is a risk of vehicle destruction and loss of life. It may also cause explosions or leaks, seriously affecting public safety and the ecological environment around the accident site. This also poses a great challenge to subsequent firefighting and rescue operations. How to respond to and promptly deal with hazardous chemical tank truck accidents has become an important topic in current firefighter training.

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the existing technical solution CN201810830289.8 "A fire simulation training system for hazardous chemicals tank trucks" can perfectly simulate the combustion and explosion process caused by the leakage of liquid hazardous chemicals, and can also simulate the sudden explosion and combustion of gaseous pressure vessels, thereby improving the authenticity of the training. However, there are the following problems:

[0004] The fire simulation training system for hazardous chemical tank trucks in the existing technical solutions can often only simulate a single type of hazardous chemical tank truck, which not only has poor scalability, but also makes it difficult to meet the training efficiency requirements.

[0005] Based on the above technical problems, it is necessary to design a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device and method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, which is characterized by specifically comprising:

[0008] Training system, control terminal; wherein the training system includes a real fire module, an explosion module, a low-temperature nitrogen leakage module, a high-temperature steam leakage module, a liquid tank dumping module, a liquid phase replacement plugging module, a gas leakage module, a liquid leakage module, an electrostatic grounding module, a smoke module, a gas detection module, and a water-proof medium module;

[0009] The control terminal is connected to the training system and controls different modules of the training system.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the real fire module includes a solenoid valve, an igniter, a combustible gas pipeline, a flow regulating valve, a temperature sensor, and a gas alarm.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the explosion module includes an air-fuel ratio valve, a gas pipeline, and an igniter, wherein the igniter is placed in a semi-enclosed space above the tank body of the tank truck, and the semi-enclosed space is embedded in the tank body of the tank truck, and the explosion or combustion control is performed by electronically changing the flow ratio of the gas entering the air-fuel ratio valve and the flow ratio of the gas and air entering the air-fuel ratio valve.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the high-temperature steam leakage module includes a steam constant pressure valve, a high-temperature solenoid valve, a water tank, a gas tank, a water pipeline, a steam pipeline, a circulating pump, a high-temperature pressure gauge and an intelligent steam generator, wherein the intelligent steam generator cooperates with the high-temperature pressure gauge to process the size of the gas combustion in the automatic intelligent steam generator through the internal logic algorithm of the programmable logic controller to achieve a constant internal pressure in the pipeline, the water pipeline connects the water tank to the circulating pump to reach the intelligent steam generator; the steam pipeline connects the air outlet of the intelligent steam generator to the steam constant pressure valve through the branch pipelines of each leakage point of the high-temperature steam leakage module and then through the solenoid valves of each branch pipeline to reach the leakage point.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the liquid phase replaceable leak plugging module includes a solenoid valve, a manual valve, a liquid pipeline, a three-phase motor booster pump, and a leakage tool, wherein the leakage tool is composed of a pipeline or a flange, and the leakage port shapes of the leakage tool include cross-shaped, straight-shaped, and circular, and are installed at the pipeline diameter change, flange connection or the bottom of the pipeline.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training method, which uses the above-mentioned multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, and is characterized in that it specifically includes:

[0015] Setting the simulated vehicle type and the accident type through the control system, and controlling different modules of the training system based on the accident type and the simulated vehicle type to generate a training environment;

[0016] The number of assessment items for accident handling of the accident type and the simulated vehicle surrounding environment, the processing order of different assessment items and the assessment objectives are determined, and the training score of the trainee is derived in combination with the training operation results of the trainee in the training environment, and training operation suggestions are given based on the training score.

[0017] A further technical solution is that the vehicle types include cryogenic liquid tank trucks, flammable and explosive tank trucks, and ordinary liquid tank trucks.

[0018] A further technical solution is to control different modules of the training system based on the accident type and the simulated vehicle type to generate a training environment, specifically including:

[0019] The types of modules to be activated, the order in which different modules are activated, and the activation duration of the modules are determined based on the simulated vehicle type and the accident type, and the training environment is generated based on the types of modules to be activated, the order in which different modules are activated, and the activation duration of the modules.

[0020] A further technical solution is that the assessment objectives of the assessment project include processing time and processing completion, wherein the processing completion is determined based on the processing results of the training personnel of the assessment project and the preset target processing results of the assessment project.

[0021] A further technical solution is that the specific steps of determining the training score of the trainer are:

[0022] S11 determines the operation scores of different assessment items based on the assessment objectives of the assessment items of the accident handling of the accident type and the training operation results, and determines the unqualified assessment items through the operation scores, and judges whether the trainee has unqualified assessment items. If so, proceed to step S13, if not, proceed to the next step;

[0023] S12 determines the assessment items of the training personnel whose operation sequence is wrong according to the processing sequence of different assessment items of the accident processing of the accident type and the training operation result, and takes the assessment items of the wrong operation sequence as the problem sequence assessment items, and judges whether the training personnel has the problem sequence assessment items, if so, proceeds to step S13, if not, derives the training score of the training personnel through the operation scores of the different assessment items of the training personnel;

[0024] S13: determining the weight of the assessment item based on the type of the assessment item, determining the unqualified operation score of the assessment item according to the weight, number and operation score of the unqualified assessment item, and determining the comprehensive operation score of the trainee in combination with the number, weight and operation score of the assessment item;

[0025] S14 obtains the weight and number of the question sequence assessment items of the trainee, and determines the training score of the trainee in combination with the comprehensive operation score of the trainee and the training operation result.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The present invention simulates the entire accident scene of hazardous chemicals tank trucks through the combination of various modules, allowing firefighters to experience the real accident scene, train their psychological quality, improve their professional skills, and correct the secondary disasters caused by the firefighters' wrong operations. In emergency rescue, from discovery to reconnaissance to the use of tools for rescue, the whole process simulation and the real consequences of wrong rescue will allow fire trainers to feel the danger of the real disaster scene in advance. There is no need to additionally light tires, flames and other auxiliary scenes, which are time-consuming, laborious and cause air pollution.

[0028] 2. The present invention is not limited to a single function, and can realize accident scene simulation training for multiple disasters. For example, the disasters caused by different hazardous chemical transportation accidents are different, so one vehicle can be used for multiple purposes, and training can be carried out as needed. It is not limited to the site and external power supply, which greatly saves training costs, and provides multiple constant pressure adjustment methods for safety performance to ensure the safety of equipment and trainees. Currently, there is no tank truck training device that simulates multiple tank truck accidents for fire emergency response training and assessment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemical tank truck training device to comprehensively teach fire trainers how to deal with most tank truck accidents and disasters, as well as the consequences of secondary accidents caused by incorrect handling, so as to accelerate the rapid growth of firefighters.

[0029] 3. The present invention determines the training score of the trainee by comprehensively considering the operation sequence and the weights of different assessment items and the operation scores, which can not only accurately reflect the actual training results of the trainee, but also lays the foundation for further output of differentiated training suggestions.

[0030] Other features and advantages will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the invention. The purpose and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is the appearance structure diagram of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device.

[0034] Figure 2 This is the internal structure diagram of the real fire module.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the explosion module.

[0036] Figure 4 This is the internal structure diagram of the low-temperature nitrogen leakage module.

[0037] Figure 5 It is the internal structure diagram of the high-temperature steam leakage module, liquid leakage module, and liquid phase replacement plugging module.

[0038] Figure 6 This is the structural diagram of the electrostatic grounding module.

[0039] Figure 7 The present invention is a flowchart of a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training method.

[0040] 1. True fire module; 2. Explosion module; 3. Low temperature nitrogen leakage module; 4. High temperature steam leakage module; 5. Liquid tank dumping module; 6. Liquid phase replacement plugging module; 1a. Gas tank; 1b. Low fire pressure reducing valve; 1c. Low fire solenoid valve; 1d. Needle valve; 1f. Ignitor; 1h. High fire pressure reducing valve; 1j. High fire solenoid valve; 1K. High fire flow regulating valve; 1g. Water basin; 2a. Gas tank; 2b. Ignition solenoid valve; 2c. Ignitor; 2d. Explosion solenoid valve; 2e. Air-fuel ratio valve; 2f. Explosion box; 3a. Liquid nitrogen tank; 3b. Solenoid valve; 3e. Low Temperature leakage point; 4a, circulation pump; 4b, steam generator; 4c, solenoid valve for steam leakage; 4d, steam leakage point; 401, large water tank; 402, overflow port; 403, three-phase motor booster pump; 5a, manhole; 5b, solenoid valve for liquid leakage; 5c, manual valve; 6a, solenoid valve of liquid phase replaceable plugging module; 6b, detachable leakage tool of liquid phase replaceable plugging module; 6c detachable leakage tool leakage point of liquid phase replaceable plugging module; 9a, electrostatic grounding clamp; 9b, exposed metal wire head; 9c, electrostatic grounding measuring device; 9d, wireless transmission device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0042] The terms "a", "an", "the", and "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are used to express an open-ended inclusive meaning and mean that additional elements / components / etc. may be present in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] In order to solve the above technical problems, Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, which is characterized by specifically comprising:

[0045] Training system, control terminal; wherein the training system includes a real fire module, an explosion module, a low-temperature nitrogen leakage module, a high-temperature steam leakage module, a liquid tank dumping module, a liquid phase replacement plugging module, a gas leakage module, a liquid leakage module, an electrostatic grounding module, a smoke module, a gas detection module, and a water-proof medium module;

[0046] like Figure 1 The figure shows the appearance structure of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device of this embodiment. 1. Real fire module; 2. Explosion module; 3. Low temperature nitrogen leakage module; 4. High temperature steam leakage module; 5. Liquid tank dumping module; 6. Liquid phase replacement plugging module;

[0047] See Figure 3 , the internal structure diagram of the explosion module in this embodiment. 2a, gas tank; 2b, ignition solenoid valve; 2c, igniter; 2d, explosion solenoid valve; 2e, air-fuel ratio valve; 2f, explosion box;

[0048] See Figure 4 , the internal structure diagram of the cryogenic nitrogen leakage module in this embodiment. 3a, liquid nitrogen tank; 3b, solenoid valve; 3e, cryogenic leakage point;

[0049] See Figure 5 , the internal structure diagram of the high-temperature steam leakage module, liquid leakage module, and liquid phase replacement plugging module in this embodiment. 4a, circulation pump; 4b, steam generator; 4c, solenoid valve for steam leakage; 4d, steam leakage point; 401, large water tank; 402, overflow port; 403, three-phase motor booster pump; 5a, manhole; 5b, solenoid valve for liquid leakage; 5c, manual valve; 6a, solenoid valve for liquid phase replacement plugging module; 6b, detachable leakage tool for liquid phase replacement plugging module; 6c, detachable leakage tool leakage point for liquid phase replacement plugging module;

[0050] See Figure 6 , the structure diagram of the electrostatic grounding module in this embodiment. 9a, electrostatic grounding clamp; 9b, exposed metal wire head; 9c, electrostatic grounding measurement device; 9d, wireless transmission device;

[0051] The control terminal is connected to the training system and controls different modules of the training system.

[0052] It should be noted that the real fire module includes a solenoid valve, an igniter, a combustible gas pipeline, a flow regulating valve, a temperature sensor, and a gas alarm.

[0053] See Figure 2 , the internal structure diagram of the real fire module in this embodiment. 1a, gas tank; 1b, low fire pressure reducing valve; 1c, low fire solenoid valve; 1d, needle valve; 1f, igniter; 1h, high fire pressure reducing valve; 1j, high fire solenoid valve; 1k, high fire flow regulating valve; 1g, water basin;

[0054] The real fire module includes a solenoid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the combustible gas delivery; an igniter, the principle of which is to trigger the pilot fire by igniting the combustible gas through high pressure, and then trigger the main fire by opening the solenoid valve of the main fire gas pipeline; a combustible gas pipeline, which is used to transport combustible gas, wherein the combustible gas pipeline is composed of a main pipeline and two branch pipelines, the main pipeline is provided with a main solenoid valve, and the two branch pipelines are each provided with a solenoid valve to open the pilot fire and the main fire respectively; a flow regulating valve, which is arranged on the main fire gas pipeline, and the valve ratio can be arbitrarily adjusted through the instructions of the programmable logic controller, and then the size of the main fire flame can be arbitrarily adjusted; a temperature sensor, which is used to identify the surrounding environment and the temperature around the flame; a pressure sensor, which is used to determine whether the pressure in the gas pipeline is in a normal state; a gas alarm, which is used to determine whether the gas concentration in the tank exceeds the standard, and if it exceeds the standard, it will feedback to the programmable logic controller to link the fan in the tank to discharge the combustible gas.

[0055] Furthermore, the explosion module includes an air-fuel ratio valve, a gas pipeline, and an igniter, wherein the igniter is placed in a semi-enclosed space above the tank body of the tank truck, and the semi-enclosed space is embedded in the tank body of the tank truck, and the explosion or combustion control is performed by electronically changing the flow ratio of the gas entering the air-fuel ratio valve and the flow ratio of the gas and air entering the air-fuel ratio valve.

[0056] See Figure 3 , the internal structure diagram of the explosion module in this embodiment. 2a, gas tank; 2b, ignition solenoid valve; 2c, igniter; 2d, explosion solenoid valve; 2e, air-fuel ratio valve; 2f, explosion box;

[0057] The explosion module includes an air-fuel ratio valve, a gas pipeline, and an igniter. The gas pipeline is connected to the air-fuel ratio valve to reach the igniter. The igniter is placed in a semi-enclosed space above the tank, and the semi-enclosed space is embedded in the tank. The gas and air are electronically controlled to change the flow rate into the air-fuel ratio valve, so that the concentration of the gas in the semi-enclosed space after it is ejected reaches the explosion limit of 5%-15%, and then the igniter is turned on, and then an explosion occurs. The flow rate ratio of the gas and air entering the air-fuel ratio valve is changed again by electronic control, so that the concentration of the ejected gas in the semi-enclosed space is no longer in the range of 5%-15%, and then the igniter is turned on again to start burning. Explosion and combustion can be turned on at will as needed, and multiple explosions can be made or they can be burned directly without explosion. This explosion will only produce shock waves above the tank of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device and above the semi-enclosed space where the explosion module is located, and will not cause harm to the people below.

[0058] The cryogenic nitrogen leakage module is equipped with manual valves, cryogenic solenoid valves, nitrogen tanks, and one-to-one pipelines and valves in the liquid nitrogen tank truck operation box to ensure safety. Circular, cross-shaped, and straight-shaped leakage ports are provided at various locations on its pipelines or flanges to allow nitrogen to leak from here. The nitrogen tank is installed inside the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device and is connected to the one-to-one pipelines and valves in the liquid nitrogen tank truck operation box in the operation box through a pipeline.

[0059] See Figure 4 , the internal structure diagram of the cryogenic nitrogen leakage module in this embodiment. 3a, liquid nitrogen tank; 3b, solenoid valve; 3e, cryogenic leakage point;

[0060] It should be noted that the high-temperature steam leakage module includes a steam constant pressure valve, a high-temperature solenoid valve, a water tank, a gas tank, a water pipeline, a steam pipeline, a circulating pump, a high-temperature pressure gauge and an intelligent steam generator, wherein the intelligent steam generator cooperates with the high-temperature pressure gauge to process the size of the gas combustion in the automatic intelligent steam generator through the internal logic algorithm of the programmable logic controller to achieve a constant pressure inside the pipeline, the water pipeline connects the water tank to the circulating pump to reach the intelligent steam generator; the steam pipeline connects the air outlet of the intelligent steam generator to the steam constant pressure valve through the branch pipelines of each leakage point of the high-temperature steam leakage module and then through the solenoid valves of each branch pipeline to reach the leakage point.

[0061] The high-temperature steam leakage module includes a steam constant pressure valve, a high-temperature solenoid valve, a water tank, a gas tank, a water pipeline, a steam pipeline, a circulating pump, a high-temperature pressure gauge and an intelligent steam generator. The intelligent steam generator cooperates with the high-temperature pressure gauge to process the size of the gas combustion in the automatic intelligent steam generator through the internal logic algorithm of the programmable logic controller to achieve a constant pressure inside the pipeline. That is, when the steam pressure in the pipeline is too small, the intelligent steam generator burns at a high fire to release steam. When the steam pressure in the pipeline is close to the specified pressure, the intelligent steam generator automatically adjusts the medium or low fire to burn and release steam. If the steam pressure in the pipeline reaches the specified pressure, the intelligent steam generator will stop burning. The water pipeline connects the water tank to the circulating pump to reach the intelligent steam generator; the steam pipeline connects the outlet of the intelligent steam generator to the steam constant pressure valve through the branch pipelines of each leakage point of the high-temperature steam leakage module and then through the solenoid valves of each branch pipeline to reach each leakage point. This leakage point is composed of pipes or flanges of different shapes and types. Each leakage point has a leakage port of different shapes, which may be cross-shaped, straight-shaped, or circular, etc., and at different positions, or at the pipe diameter change point, or at the flange connection, or at the bottom of the pipe, steam can directly leak out high-temperature steam from this leakage point.

[0062] The liquid tank dumping module consists of a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet each contain a solenoid valve, a manual valve, and a liquid pipeline. After the solenoid valve and the manual valve of the liquid inlet are opened, water can be supplied externally to the water tank in the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device; after the solenoid valve and the manual valve of the liquid outlet are opened, the water in the water tank in the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device can be discharged. The liquid outlet is connected to the water tank in the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device by two liquid pipelines, one of which has only a solenoid valve and a manual valve, which can slowly discharge the water in the water tank in the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device; another liquid pipeline can also be used, which has a solenoid valve, a manual valve, and a three-phase motor booster pump, and the water in the water tank in the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device can be quickly discharged through the three-phase motor booster pump.

[0063] See Figure 5 , the internal structure diagram of the high-temperature steam leakage module, liquid leakage module, and liquid phase replacement plugging module in this embodiment. 4a, circulation pump; 4b, steam generator; 4c, solenoid valve for steam leakage; 4d, steam leakage point; 401, large water tank; 402, overflow port; 403, three-phase motor booster pump; 5a, manhole; 5b, solenoid valve for liquid leakage; 5c, manual valve; 6a, solenoid valve for liquid phase replacement plugging module; 6b, detachable leakage tool for liquid phase replacement plugging module; 6c, detachable leakage tool leakage point for liquid phase replacement plugging module;

[0064] Specifically, the liquid phase replaceable leak plugging module includes a solenoid valve, a manual valve, a liquid pipeline, a three-phase motor booster pump, and a leakage tool, wherein the leakage tool is composed of a pipeline or a flange, and the leakage port shapes of the leakage tool include cross-shaped, straight-shaped, and circular, and are installed at the pipeline diameter change, flange connection or the bottom of the pipeline.

[0065] The liquid phase replacement plugging module is composed of a solenoid valve, a manual valve, a liquid pipeline, a three-phase motor booster pump, and various leakage tools. Each leakage tool can be directly connected to the outlet of the liquid pipeline and can be freely disassembled. The leakage tool is composed of pipes or flanges of different shapes and types. Each tool has a leakage port of different shapes, which may be cross-shaped, straight-shaped, or circular, etc., and in different positions, or at the pipe diameter change, or at the flange connection, or at the bottom of the pipe. When in use, directly connect the leakage tool to the outlet of the liquid pipeline. After opening the solenoid valve and the manual valve, the liquid can directly leak out from the leakage point of this leakage tool. The liquid pipeline is connected to the three-phase motor booster pump through the solenoid valve and the maintenance manual valve to reach the water outlet connection port of the liquid phase replacement plugging module.

[0066] The gas leakage module is composed of an air compressor, a solenoid valve, and a gas pipeline. The gas pipeline connects the air compressor to the solenoid valve to the leakage point on the inner wall of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device. The tank of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device is provided with leakage points of different shapes, such as a cross, a straight line, or a circle.

[0067] The liquid leakage module is composed of a three-phase motor booster pump, a solenoid valve, and a water pipeline. The water pipeline connects the three-phase motor booster pump to the solenoid valve to the leakage point on the inner wall of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device. The tank of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device is provided with leakage points of different shapes, such as cross-shaped, straight-shaped, or circular.

[0068] The electrostatic grounding module includes an electrostatic grounding alarm and a wireless signal transmission device. The wireless signal transmission device is placed in the electrostatic grounding alarm box, and the antenna of the wireless signal transmission device is set outside the box. This module is a separation module, that is, the electrostatic grounding module requires fire trainers to hold the electrostatic grounding module in the electrostatic grounding alarm to clamp the vehicle body during simulation training. A strong spring is used inside the clamp body. The principle of the clamp body structure as a lever is used to make the paint-breaking needle at the head of the clamp have a strong pressure, which can break the barrier of rust. Through the effective connection of the paint-breaking needle, the clamp body, and the wire to the pile, the vehicle body and the earth are connected at equal potential to conduct static electricity. When the grounding is poor or disconnected, a sound alarm is sounded, and the signal is transmitted to the programmable logic controller through the wireless signal transmission device.

[0069] See Figure 6, the structure diagram of the electrostatic grounding module in this embodiment. 9a, electrostatic grounding clamp; 9b, exposed metal wire head; 9c, electrostatic grounding measurement device; 9d, wireless transmission device;

[0070] The smoke module is set under the chassis and consists of an intelligent smoke generator, a smoke oil box, a smoke oil pipeline, a solenoid valve, a liquid level meter, and a single-phase booster pump. The smoke oil pipeline connects the smoke oil box to the single-phase booster pump and reaches the smoke oil box inside the smoke generator through the solenoid valve. The liquid level meter is placed in the smoke oil box inside the smoke generator and in the smoke oil box, and the programmable logic controller determines whether to add smoke oil or alarm.

[0071] The gas detection module is a separate handheld gas monitoring device. The combustible gas concentration value is input through the wireless handheld control tablet. After the data is transmitted to the programmable controller, the handheld gas detection device is displayed and an alarm is sounded through the wireless signal transmission device. The separate handheld gas monitoring device has data display, alarm information and control buttons. The control button has a detection button, which is used to immediately detect the simulated gas concentration value nearby after being pressed near the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device, that is, the gas (combustible gas or toxic gas) concentration value data sent by the wireless handheld tablet is detected. The release button is used to immediately restore the gas concentration to normal value.

[0072] The water-resistant medium module is processed and judged by the water sensor through the programmable logic controller. Its principle is to detect water contact and send a signal to the programmable logic controller. It is mainly used to simulate the medium that cannot be treated by spraying water after the hazardous chemical transport vehicle leaks. The simulated medium can be switched through a wireless handheld tablet computer. During training or assessment, if water is sprayed on the medium that cannot be sprayed with water, an alarm, fire or explosion will occur.

[0073] All of the above simulation blocks can be controlled by the control terminal including a wireless handheld control tablet computer, which can be connected to the programmable logic controller through wireless routing to control all functional points downward and present the 3D effect of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device. It can control and display the module functional points of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device in all directions and from multiple angles.

[0074] The liquid tank emptying module, liquid phase replacement plugging module and liquid leakage module are all supplied with water by a three-phase motor booster pump. In order to maintain a constant pressure in the pipeline, the programmable logic controller algorithm is combined with the pressure sensor data to adjust the frequency converter to achieve constant water supply from the three-phase motor booster pump, ensuring that when the fire trainers are training to plug the above leakage points without using tools, there is corresponding pressure to spray water; after using tools to completely plug the above leakage points, maintain the corresponding water pressure in the pipeline, or reduce the water pressure in the pipeline.

[0075] Through the coordination of the above modules, firefighters are trained or assessed on their emergency handling skills for accidents involving hazardous chemicals tank trucks and the impact of incorrect operations.

[0076] To give a specific example,

[0077] The device consists of a vehicle head, a tank body, a chassis, an operating box, a control system and various functional modules.

[0078] The functional modules include a real fire module 1, an explosion module 2, a low-temperature nitrogen leakage module 3, a high-temperature steam leakage module 4, a liquid tank emptying module 5, a liquid phase replacement plugging module 6, a gas leakage module, a liquid leakage module, an electrostatic grounding module, a smoke module, a gas detection module, a water-proof medium module and a wireless handheld control tablet computer.

[0079] The control actuators in the real fire module 1, explosion module 2, low temperature nitrogen leakage module 3, high temperature steam leakage module 4, liquid tank dumping module 5, liquid phase replacement plugging module 6, gas leakage module, liquid leakage module, smoke module, and water-proof medium module are electrically connected to the programmable logic controller respectively. The electrostatic grounding module and the gas frame detection module are respectively transmitted to the programmable logic controller through wireless signals.

[0080] Its basic working principle is to use the programmable logic controller to receive signals through the data acquisition mechanism of the corresponding module, i.e. the sensor, and then perform internal algorithm logic processing before sending the control execution mechanism, i.e. the solenoid valve, etc.

[0081] The real fire module 1 is used to simulate a fire in a hazardous chemical tank truck, so as to train firefighters in fire-fighting skills and test their psychological qualities.

[0082] The function of explosion module 2 is to realistically simulate the explosion of a hazardous chemicals tank truck, so as to train firefighters in accident handling skills and test their psychological qualities.

[0083] The function of the cryogenic nitrogen leakage module 3 is to realistically simulate the leakage of nitrogen or cryogenic gas from a hazardous chemical tank truck, so as to train firefighters on methods and techniques for handling cryogenic accidents.

[0084] The high-temperature steam leakage module 4 is used to simulate the high-temperature gas leakage in a chemical plant, and is used to train firefighters on methods and techniques for handling high-temperature accidents.

[0085] The function of the liquid tank dumping module 5 is to simulate a hazardous chemical tank truck accident. The medium in the tank needs to be introduced into a safe tank body to train firefighters to deal with accidents and disasters, familiarize themselves with the tank dumping function, and master the tank dumping skills and techniques.

[0086] The liquid phase replacement plugging module 6 is used to simulate the leakage of pipelines of various shapes and diameters in the chemical plant area, so as to train firefighters to use different tools to plug the leakage of pipelines of different shapes and master the tools.

[0087] The gas leakage module is used to simulate gas leakage accidents in hazardous chemical tank trucks, and is used to train firefighters in basic qualities such as the use of gas leak plugging tools, skills, and psychological qualities when dealing with hazardous chemical tank truck accidents.

[0088] The liquid leakage module is used to simulate liquid leakage accidents in hazardous chemical tank trucks, and is used to train firefighters in basic qualities such as the use of liquid leak plugging tools, skills, and psychological qualities when dealing with hazardous chemical tank truck accidents.

[0089] The function of the static grounding module is to simulate the occurrence of an accident when a hazardous chemical tank truck is transporting flammable media, and to avoid static electricity on site. It is mainly used to train firefighters to master the operating procedures and avoid secondary disasters. This module is basically integrated into the assessment. For example, during the assessment, if the firefighter does not use the static grounding module to simulate the static electricity of the hazardous chemical tank truck device into the ground, when the time is up, it will trigger other chain actions such as the explosion module 2 or the real fire module 1.

[0090] The smoke module is used to simulate the smoke generation of a hazardous chemicals tank truck accident, which is used to train the psychological quality of firefighters and the actual process of a hazardous chemicals tank truck accident. It can be used together with the explosion module 2 or the real fire module 1.

[0091] The gas inspection module is used to simulate the leakage of flammable or toxic gases when a hazardous chemical tanker has an accident. Before emergency rescue, a gas monitoring device should be used to measure the gas concentration in the surrounding environment. It mainly trains firefighters to master the operating procedures and avoid secondary disasters. This module can also be used in conjunction with the explosion module 2, real fire module 1, smoke module, static grounding module and other modules for training or assessment.

[0092] The water-insensitive medium module is used to simulate the medium that may explode or catch fire after reacting with water when transporting hazardous chemicals in tank trucks. It is used to train and assess firefighters' understanding of water-insensitive substances and corresponding disposal methods.

[0093] The control system is basically stored in the tank of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, including programmable logic controller, high temperature solenoid valve, low temperature solenoid valve, ordinary solenoid valve, flow control valve, manual valve, three-phase motor booster pump, three-phase generator, smoke generator, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, gas alarm, wireless router, handheld industrial tablet computer. The three-phase generator supplies power to the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, so that the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device can be started, walked and trained at any time, not limited to the site and external power supply.

[0094] Each functional module is controlled by the control software on the handheld industrial tablet computer, which transmits signals to the programmable logic controller through a wireless router to control the corresponding components and equipment in the tank of the multi-functional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device.

[0095] Real Fire Module 1 contains:

[0096] Solenoid valves 1c and 1j are used to remotely control the opening and closing of the combustible gas delivery;

[0097] The igniter 1f, whose principle is to ignite the combustible gas through electronic pulses to trigger the pilot fire, and then the main fire can be triggered by opening the main fire gas pipeline solenoid valve 1j;

[0098] The combustible gas pipeline is used to transport combustible gas, wherein the combustible gas pipeline is composed of a main pipeline and two branch pipelines. The small fire pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve 1c, which can be used to pass the gas channel of the pipeline, and then ignite the small fire through the igniter; the main pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve 1j, and the flow rate of the gas through the pipeline is adjusted by the flow regulating valve 1k to control the fire;

[0099] The flow regulating valve 1k is arranged on the main fire gas pipeline, and the valve ratio can be adjusted arbitrarily through the instructions of the programmable logic controller, and then the size of the main fire flame can be adjusted arbitrarily;

[0100] Temperature sensor, used to identify the surrounding environment and the temperature around the flame;

[0101] Pressure sensor, used to determine whether the pressure in the gas pipeline is in a normal state;

[0102] The gas alarm is used to determine whether the gas concentration in the tank exceeds the standard. If it exceeds the standard, it will feedback to the programmable logic controller to activate the fan in the tank to discharge the combustible gas.

[0103] The explosion module 2 includes an air-fuel ratio valve 2e, a gas pipeline, and an igniter 2c. The gas pipeline is connected to the air-fuel ratio valve 2e to reach the igniter. The air-fuel ratio valve 2e is used to adjust the ratio test. At the moment when the solenoid valve 2d is opened, the air and gas mixture tested by the air-fuel ratio valve is sprayed into the explosion box 2f so that its concentration reaches the explosion limit. At this time, the igniter 2c is used to quickly emit an electronic pulse to ignite, producing an upward explosion effect.

[0104] The igniter 2c is placed in a semi-enclosed space above the tank body, and the semi-enclosed space is embedded in the tank body. The gas and air are electrically controlled to change the flow rate and enter the air-fuel ratio valve 2e, so that the concentration of the gas in the semi-enclosed space after it is ejected reaches the explosion limit of 5%-15%, and then the igniter 2c is turned on, and then an explosion occurs. The flow rate ratio of the gas and air entering the air-fuel ratio valve 2e is changed again by electrical control, so that the concentration of the ejected gas in the semi-enclosed space is no longer in the range of 5%-15%, and then the igniter 2c is turned on again to start burning. The explosion and combustion can be turned on at will as needed, and multiple explosions can be made or direct combustion can be made without explosion. This explosion will only produce a shock wave above the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, above the semi-enclosed space where the explosion module 2 is located, and will not cause harm to the personnel below.

[0105] The cryogenic nitrogen leakage module 3 is provided with manual valves, cryogenic solenoid valves 3b, 3c, and 3d to ensure safety, and includes a nitrogen tank 3a, a one-to-one pipeline and valve in the liquid nitrogen tank truck operation box, and a circular, cross-shaped, straight-shaped leakage port 3e is provided at various locations on its pipeline or flange, so that the nitrogen leaks from here. The nitrogen tank is arranged inside the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device and is connected to the one-to-one pipeline and valve in the liquid nitrogen tank truck operation box in the operation box 3 through a pipeline.

[0106] The high-temperature steam leakage module 4 includes a steam constant pressure valve, a high-temperature solenoid valve 4c, a water tank 401, a gas tank, a water pipeline, a steam pipeline, a circulation pump 4a, a high-temperature pressure gauge and an intelligent steam generator 4b. The intelligent steam generator cooperates with the high-temperature pressure gauge to process the size of the gas combustion in the automatic intelligent steam generator through the internal logic algorithm of the programmable logic controller to achieve a constant pressure inside the pipeline. That is, when the steam pressure in the pipeline is too small, the intelligent steam generator burns at a high fire to release steam. When the steam pressure in the pipeline is close to the specified pressure, the intelligent steam generator automatically adjusts the medium fire or low fire to burn and release steam. If the steam pressure in the pipeline reaches the specified pressure, the intelligent steam generator will stop burning. The water pipeline connects the water tank to the circulation pump to the intelligent steam generator; the steam pipeline connects the intelligent steam generator outlet to the steam constant pressure valve through the branch pipelines of each leakage point of the high-temperature steam leakage module 4 and then through the solenoid valves 4c of each branch pipeline to reach each leakage point 4d. This leakage point 4d is composed of pipes or flanges of different shapes and types. Each leakage point 4d has a leakage port of different shapes, which may be cross-shaped, straight-shaped, or circular, etc., and at different positions, or at the pipe diameter change point, or at the flange connection, or at the bottom of the pipe, steam can directly leak out high-temperature steam from this leakage point 4d.

[0107] The liquid tank dumping module 5 is composed of a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet each include a solenoid valve 5b, a manual valve 5c, and a liquid pipeline. After the solenoid valve and the manual valve of the liquid inlet are opened, water can be supplied externally to the water tank in the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device; after the solenoid valve and the manual valve of the liquid outlet are opened, the water in the water tank in the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device can be discharged. The liquid outlet is connected to the water tank in the tank body of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device by two liquid pipelines, one of which has only a solenoid valve and a manual valve, and the water in the water tank in the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device can be slowly discharged; another liquid pipeline can also be used, which has a solenoid valve 5b, a manual valve 5c, and a three-phase motor booster pump 403, and the water in the water tank in the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device can be quickly discharged through the three-phase motor booster pump 403.

[0108] The liquid phase replacement plugging module 6 is composed of a solenoid valve 6a, a manual valve, a liquid pipeline, a three-phase motor booster pump, and various leakage tools 6c. Each leakage tool 6c can be directly connected to the outlet of the liquid pipeline and can be freely disassembled. The leakage tool is composed of pipes or flanges of different shapes and types. Each tool has a leakage port 6b of different shapes, which may be cross-shaped, straight-shaped, or circular, etc., and in different positions, or at the pipe reducer, or at the flange connection, or at the bottom of the pipe. When in use, the leakage tool 6c is directly connected to the outlet of the liquid pipeline. After opening the solenoid valve 6a and the manual valve, the liquid can directly leak out from the leakage point 6b of the leakage tool 6c. The liquid pipeline is connected to the three-phase motor booster pump 403 through the solenoid valve 6a and the maintenance manual valve to reach the water outlet connection port of the liquid phase replacement plugging module 6.

[0109] The gas leakage module is composed of an air compressor, a solenoid valve, and a gas pipeline. The gas pipeline connects the air compressor to the solenoid valve to the leakage point on the inner wall of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device. The tank of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device is provided with leakage points of different shapes, such as a cross, a straight line, or a circle.

[0110] The liquid leakage module is composed of a three-phase motor booster pump 403, a solenoid valve 7b, and a water pipeline. The water pipeline connects the three-phase motor booster pump 403 to the solenoid valve to the leakage point 7a on the inner wall of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device. The tank of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device is provided with leakage points 7a of different shapes, such as a cross, a straight line, or a circle.

[0111] The electrostatic grounding module includes an electrostatic grounding alarm and a wireless signal transmission device 9d. The wireless signal transmission device 9d is placed in the electrostatic grounding alarm box, and the antenna of the wireless signal transmission device 9d is arranged outside the box. This module belongs to a separation module, that is, the electrostatic grounding module requires fire trainers to hold the electrostatic grounding module to clamp the electrostatic grounding clamp 9a in the electrostatic grounding alarm to the car body during simulation training. A strong spring is used inside the clamp body. The principle of the clamp body structure forming a lever is used to make the paint-breaking needle at the head of the clamp have a strong pressure, which can break the barrier of rust. Through the effective connection of the paint-breaking needle, the clamp body, and the wire 9b to the pile, the car body and the earth are connected in equal potential, and static electricity is derived. When the grounding is poor or disconnected, a sound alarm is sounded, and the signal is transmitted to the programmable logic controller through the wireless signal transmission device. The working principle of the electrostatic grounding module is to detect whether the clamp body 9a and the two ends of the wire connected to the earth in the electrostatic grounding alarm are well connected, and the conduction signal is transmitted to the programmable logic controller through the wireless signal transmission device. The function is to be used together with other modules to achieve the purpose of training or assessment. The static grounding alarm is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission device and is powered by a built-in lithium battery.

[0112] The smoke module is set under the chassis and consists of an intelligent smoke generator, a smoke oil box, a smoke oil pipeline, a solenoid valve, a liquid level meter, and a single-phase booster pump. The smoke oil pipeline connects the smoke oil box to the single-phase booster pump and reaches the smoke oil box inside the smoke generator through the solenoid valve. The liquid level meter is placed in the smoke oil box inside the smoke generator and in the smoke oil box, and the programmable logic controller determines whether to add smoke oil or alarm.

[0113] The gas detection module is a separate handheld gas monitoring device. The combustible gas concentration value is input through the wireless handheld control tablet. After the data is transmitted to the programmable controller, the handheld gas detection device is displayed and an alarm is sounded through the wireless signal transmission device. The separate handheld gas monitoring device has data display, alarm information and control buttons. The control button has a detection button, which is used to immediately detect the simulated gas concentration value near the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device after being pressed near the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device, that is, the gas (combustible gas or toxic gas) concentration value data sent by the wireless handheld tablet is detected. The release button is used to immediately restore the gas concentration to a normal value. The release button and the detection button are respectively on the separate handheld gas monitoring device. After pressing the release button, a signal will be sent to the programmable logic controller through the wireless line signal transmission device. After receiving the command, the programmable logic controller restores the combustible gas concentration value that was once input through the wireless handheld tablet and restores it to a normal value. Its function is to continue training and assessment in the future. Only when the simulated gas concentration value in the environment is normal can training or assessment continue. For example, after completing the gas frame inspection, other accidents can be handled on site, otherwise it will be judged as unqualified or cause an explosion.

[0114] The water-resistant medium module is processed and judged by the water sensor through the programmable logic controller. Its principle is to detect water contact and send a signal to the programmable logic controller. It is mainly used to simulate the medium that cannot be treated by spraying water after the hazardous chemical transport vehicle leaks. The simulated medium can be switched through a wireless handheld tablet computer. During training or assessment, if water is sprayed on the medium that cannot be sprayed with water, an alarm, fire or explosion will occur.

[0115] All simulation blocks can be controlled by a wireless handheld control tablet computer, which is connected to the programmable logic controller through wireless routing to control all functional points downward and present the 3D effect of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device. It can control and display the functional points of the modules encountered in the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device in all directions and from multiple angles.

[0116] The liquid tank dumping module 5, the liquid phase replacement plugging module 6, and the liquid leakage module are all supplied with water by the three-phase motor booster pump 403. In order to maintain a constant pressure in the pipeline, the programmable logic controller algorithm is combined with the pressure sensor data to adjust the frequency converter to achieve constant water supply of the three-phase motor booster pump 403, ensuring that the fire trainers have corresponding pressure to spray water when they do not use tools to plug the above leakage points during the plugging training; after using tools to completely plug the above leakage points, maintain the corresponding water pressure in the pipeline, or reduce the water pressure in the pipeline. Because after the pipeline leakage point is blocked, the water pump will continue to supply water, causing the pressure in the pipeline to continue to increase, which is easy to cause the pipeline to burst or burn the water pump. Therefore, the programmable logic controller algorithm is combined with the pressure sensor data to adjust the frequency converter to achieve constant water supply of the three-phase motor booster pump, ensuring constant pressure in the pipeline. After the leakage point is blocked, the load of the three-phase motor booster pump 403 is reduced to reduce the water pressure in the pipeline. When the leak point is not blocked, the load of the three-phase motor booster pump 403 is increased to maintain the water pressure in the pipeline and achieve a jetting effect, so as to achieve the effect of the pressure leak blocking subject in the firefighter training.

[0117] The real fire module 1 uses a programmable logic controller algorithm to adjust the flow control valve to change the size of the main fire flame. The algorithm is based on the maximum value Max and minimum value Min of the analog value of the flow control valve, and its flame adjustment is equivalent to a linear formula, that is, K*X+B=Y. Substituting the maximum value Max and the minimum value Min into K*X+B=Y, the coefficient K and the offset B can be obtained, and then the X value is changed according to the demand to change the Y value, that is, the size of the flame.

[0118] The high-temperature steam leakage module 4 is composed of a programmable logic controller algorithm and a high-temperature pressure sensor to adjust the intelligent steam generator 4b. The algorithm theory is based on the basic formula of steam network hydraulic calculation:

[0119]

[0120] Where R is the pressure loss along the pipe per meter (specific friction resistance), unit is Pa / m; Gt is the steam mass flow rate in the pipeline, unit is t / h; d is the inner diameter of the pipeline, unit is m; K is the equivalent absolute roughness of the steam pipeline, unit is m, take K=2*10-4m; ρ is the density of steam in the pipe section, unit is Kg / m3.

[0121] However, during the steam transmission process, the steam temperature T drops along the way, which will cause the steam pressure P to drop, resulting in a large change in steam density. In the steam network hydraulic calculation, due to the long network, the density of steam changes greatly during the pipeline flow process, so the change in density ρ must be corrected and calculated. However, the steam pipeline of the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training device is only a few meters long, so the correction calculation can be ignored here.

[0122] The equivalent length method is directly used for hydraulic calculation. The total pressure drop of the calculation section in the steam network is:

[0123] ΔP=R*L;

[0124] Where L is the converted length of the pipe section, in meters.

[0125] A pressure sensor is installed on the main steam pipeline, and the data is displayed as P in Pa.

[0126] Combined with the above formula, the steam mass flow rate Gt of the intelligent steam engine can be adjusted by the programmable controller PID to achieve constant steam pressure at the end of the steam pipeline, that is, at the solenoid valve to avoid excessive steam pressure and the inability of the solenoid valve to open. That is, the end pressure is equivalent to:

[0127]

[0128] The liquid tank dumping module 5, the liquid phase replacement plugging module 6 and the liquid leakage module are all regulated by a programmable logic controller algorithm to supply water to a three-phase motor booster pump, and the algorithm theory is based on Billy's law of the pump.

[0129] That is, the pump will definitely change its speed through frequency conversion. Assume that the flow rate, speed, head, and effective power of the three-phase motor booster pump before frequency conversion are Q1, N1, H1, and P1 respectively. After frequency conversion, the flow rate, speed, head, and effective power of the three-phase motor booster pump are Q2, N2, H2, and P2 respectively. Then:

[0130] Q2 / Q1=N2 / N1;

[0131] H2 / H1=(N2 / N1)2;

[0132] P2 / P1=(N2 / N1)3;

[0133] The pump speed formula is N0 = 60f / p, N = 60f*(1-S) / p;

[0134] The slip formula is S = (N0-N) / N0;

[0135] Where p is the number of motor poles, N0 is the synchronous speed, N is the actual speed, and f is the power supply frequency.

[0136] The slip rate S is an important parameter of the three-phase motor booster pump, and its size can reflect the various operating conditions and speed of the three-phase motor booster pump. The greater the load of the three-phase motor booster pump, the lower the speed and the greater its slip rate; conversely, the smaller the load, the higher the speed and the smaller its slip rate. When the three-phase motor booster pump is under rated load, its rated speed is very close to the synchronous speed, so the slip rate is very small, generally 0.01 to 0.06.

[0137] Ignoring the slip rate, assume that N = 60f / p. The number of motor pole pairs is fixed and will not change before and after the frequency conversion.

[0138] The equivalent deduction of the head and power frequency before and after the frequency conversion is:

[0139] H2 / H1=(60f2 / p)2÷(60f1 / p)2;

[0140] That is, H2 / H1=(f2 / f1)2;

[0141] From the above formula, we can know that the pump head is proportional to the square of the power frequency. Here, the programmable logic controller cooperates with the pressure sensor to adjust the frequency f of the inverter to finally change the head of the three-phase motor booster pump to achieve constant pressure in the pipeline.

[0142] The gas leakage module uses the inverter to control the frequency of the air compressor to maintain constant pressure in the pipeline. Since the air compressor is similar to a three-phase motor booster pump, its algorithm is the same as the above formula.

[0143] The smoke module is controlled by a programmable controller in conjunction with the liquid level gauge in the smoke oil tank and the liquid level gauge in the smoke oil tank of the smoke generator to keep the smoke oil in the smoke oil tank of the smoke generator sufficient. The liquid level gauge is set to three limits, namely low limit, middle limit and high limit. When the smoke oil in the smoke oil tank of the smoke generator is at the middle limit, the single-phase booster pump and the solenoid valve are turned on to make the smoke oil in the smoke oil tank flow through the pipeline to the smoke oil tank of the smoke generator. When the high limit is reached, the single-phase booster pump and the solenoid valve are turned off. When the smoke oil in the smoke oil tank is at the low limit, the program logic automatically sends an alarm message to the wireless handheld control tablet computer to remind it to add smoke oil.

[0144] PID adjustment is the PID algorithm formula, namely:

[0145] Where Kp is the proportional gain, which is inversely related to the proportionality; Tt is the integral time constant; TD is the differential time constant; e(t) is the difference between the given value r(t) and the measured value; u(t) is the output signal of the PID controller.

[0146] Since the PID algorithm prototype is a continuous function and cannot be executed in a programmable logic controller, it is discretized and a position or incremental method is used.

[0147] The PID algorithm controls the controlled variable through an error signal, and the algorithm itself is the sum of three links: proportional, integral, and differential.

[0148] At time t, the input is i(t); the output is o(t); then the deviation e(t) = i(t) - o(t)

[0149] Use a programmable controller to sample the data of the device to be controlled at intervals starting from time 0, then there are k T moments, namely (e0, e1, e2...ek), and correspondingly (u0, u1, u2...uk).

[0150] Then the deviation e(k) = i(t) - O(t);

[0151] The integral part is expressed in the form of a sum, i.e., e1+e2+e3+...+e(k);

[0152] The differential link is expressed in the form of slope, that is, {e(k)-e(k-1)} / T;

[0153] Using the positional method:

[0154] The integral is the discretized accumulation, and the differential is the slope of the line connecting the node at the previous moment:

[0155]

[0156] The integral part and the differential part of the above formula are directly equivalent to the coefficient product, that is:

[0157] The integral part is Ki = Kp*T / Tt;

[0158] The differential part is Kd = Kp*TD / T; then:

[0159]

[0160] The incremental method is: Assume that the discrete formula of incremental PID is:

[0161] Δu(k)=Kp{e(k)-e(k-1)}+Ki*e(k)+Kd*{e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)}

[0162] The output result in the above formula is substituted into the Gt parameter in the high-temperature steam leakage module 4 and the frequency f parameter of the inverter in the liquid tank dumping module 5, the liquid phase replacement plugging module 6 and the liquid leakage module.

[0163] Proportional parameter Kp: The output of the algorithm is proportional to the input deviation value. Once the system has a deviation, the proportional adjustment immediately takes effect to reduce the deviation. The characteristics are simple and fast process, large proportional effect, which can speed up the adjustment and reduce the error; however, it reduces the stability of the system, causing instability and residual error.

[0164] Integral parameter Ki: The integral link is mainly used to eliminate static error. The so-called static error is the difference between the output value and the set value after the system is stable. The integral link is actually a process of deviation accumulation. The accumulated error is added to the original system to offset the static error caused by the system.

[0165] Differential parameter Kd: The differential signal reflects the changing law, or the changing trend, of the deviation signal. Advance adjustment is performed based on the changing trend of the deviation signal, thereby increasing the rapidity of the system.

[0166] According to the actual situation on site, determine the proportional coefficient Kp. First, remove the integral and differential terms of PID, and set Tt = 0 and TD = 0 to make it a pure proportional regulation. The input is set to 60% to 70% of the maximum output allowed by the system. The proportional coefficient Kp gradually increases from 0 until the system oscillates; conversely, the proportional coefficient Kp at this time gradually decreases until the system oscillation disappears. Record the proportional coefficient Kp at this time and set the proportional coefficient Kp of PID to 60% to 70% of the current value. The proportional action is based on the size of the deviation and is also called gain. When the control quantity is in direct proportion to the controlled quantity, the gain is a positive number; when the control quantity is in inverse proportion to the controlled quantity, the gain is a negative number.

[0167] Then determine the integral time constant Tt, set a larger integral time constant Tt, and then gradually reduce Tt until the system oscillates, and then conversely, gradually increase Tt until the system oscillation disappears. Record Tt at this time, and set the integral time constant Tt of PID to 150% to 180% of the current value.

[0168] Finally, determine the differential time constant TD. The differential time constant TD generally does not need to be set and can be 0. At this time, PID regulation is converted to PI regulation. If set, the method is the same as determining Kp, taking 30% of its value when there is no oscillation.

[0169] After determining the above parameters, fine-tune the PID parameters by performing no-load and load joint commissioning of the system until the on-site performance requirements are met.

[0170] Real fire module 1, explosion module 2, low temperature nitrogen leakage module 3, high temperature steam leakage module 4, liquid tank dumping module 5, liquid phase replacement plugging module 6, gas leakage module, liquid leakage module, static grounding module, smoke module, gas detection module, water-proof medium module can provide fire training personnel with automated single module training, or combined automated training. That is, the automated control can be triggered by one key through a wireless handheld tablet computer.

[0171] Examples of combinations include:

[0172] The smoke module is combined with the real fire module 1, that is, after one-button triggering, the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device starts to smoke and then starts to catch fire;

[0173] The smoke module is combined with the real fire module 1 and the explosion module 2, that is, after one-button triggering, the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device starts to smoke, and then explodes and starts to catch fire;

[0174] The smoke module is combined with the real fire module 1, the explosion module 2, the gas leakage module, the electrostatic grounding module, and the gas detection module. That is, after one-button triggering, the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device starts to leak gas. At this time, a separate handheld gas monitoring device is used to detect the concentration of nearby combustible gas. If the concentration is too high, and the gas leakage point is not plugged without waiting time or pressing the release button, it will explode and start to smoke and catch fire. Or after ensuring that the combustible gas concentration is normal, if the electrostatic grounding alarm is not used to remove static electricity, it will explode and catch fire.

[0175] The above combinations can be matched arbitrarily according to actual conditions, and the order within the combination can be increased, decreased or changed as needed.

[0176] The real fire module 1, explosion module 2, low-temperature nitrogen leakage module 3, liquid tank dumping module 5, gas leakage module, liquid leakage module, electrostatic grounding module, smoke module, gas detection module, and water-resistant medium module in the multifunctional simulated hazardous chemical tanker training device can be applied to accident disaster simulation of hazardous chemical transport vehicles, mainly for emergency rescue training and emergency rescue assessment. The high-temperature steam leakage module 4, liquid phase replacement plugging module 6, real fire module 1, explosion module 2, electrostatic grounding module, smoke module, gas detection module, and water-resistant medium module can also be applied to accident disaster simulation of chemical plant areas, mainly for emergency rescue training and emergency rescue assessment. It can freely switch between multiple scenes, have training and assessment functions, and achieve the purpose of reducing training costs with one vehicle with multiple functions.

[0177] The training allows firefighters to observe the pipelines in the low-temperature nitrogen leakage module 3 box to achieve the purpose of learning, while other modules can help firefighters learn how to deal with and respond to accidents.

[0178] As for the assessment, the instructor can assess the team members' routine training, build the accident scene based on the combination sequence between the modules, and use a wireless handheld control tablet to start timing to assess the rescue process. If an incorrect operation is performed, the corresponding module function will be triggered.

[0179] Its main function is to deepen the impression of the training personnel, so that they can sweat more in peacetime and bleed less in war.

[0180] Example 2

[0181] On the other hand, Figure 7 As shown, the present application provides a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training method, which adopts the above-mentioned multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, and is characterized in that it specifically includes:

[0182] Setting the simulated vehicle type and the accident type through the control system, and controlling different modules of the training system based on the accident type and the simulated vehicle type to generate a training environment;

[0183] It should be noted that the vehicle types include cryogenic liquid tank trucks, flammable and explosive tank trucks, and ordinary liquid tank trucks.

[0184] Furthermore, based on the accident type and the simulated vehicle type, the different modules of the training system are controlled to generate a training environment, specifically including:

[0185] The types of modules to be activated, the order in which different modules are activated, and the activation duration of the modules are determined based on the simulated vehicle type and the accident type, and the training environment is generated based on the types of modules to be activated, the order in which different modules are activated, and the activation duration of the modules.

[0186] The number of assessment items for accident handling of the accident type and the simulated vehicle surrounding environment, the processing order of different assessment items and the assessment objectives are determined, and the training score of the trainee is derived in combination with the training operation results of the trainee in the training environment, and training operation suggestions are given based on the training score.

[0187] It is understandable that the assessment objectives of the assessment project include processing time and processing completion, wherein the processing completion is determined based on the processing results of the training personnel of the assessment project and the preset target processing results of the assessment project.

[0188] In one possible embodiment, the specific steps of determining the training score of the trainer in the above steps are:

[0189] S11 determines the operation scores of different assessment items based on the assessment objectives of the assessment items of the accident handling of the accident type and the training operation results, and determines the unqualified assessment items through the operation scores, and judges whether the trainee has unqualified assessment items. If so, proceed to step S13, if not, proceed to the next step;

[0190] S12 determines the assessment items of the training personnel whose operation sequence is wrong according to the processing sequence of different assessment items of the accident processing of the accident type and the training operation result, and takes the assessment items of the wrong operation sequence as the problem sequence assessment items, and judges whether the training personnel has the problem sequence assessment items, if so, proceeds to step S13, if not, derives the training score of the training personnel through the operation scores of the different assessment items of the training personnel;

[0191] S13: determining the weight of the assessment item based on the type of the assessment item, determining the unqualified operation score of the assessment item according to the weight, number and operation score of the unqualified assessment item, and determining the comprehensive operation score of the trainee in combination with the number, weight and operation score of the assessment item;

[0192] S14 obtains the weight and number of the question sequence assessment items of the trainee, and determines the training score of the trainee in combination with the comprehensive operation score of the trainee and the training operation result.

[0193] Specifically, the specific steps for determining the operational score of the assessment item are:

[0194] The operation time score is determined based on the operation time of the assessment item and the target operation time, and the operation score of the assessment item is determined in combination with the processing completion degree of the assessment item.

[0195] In another possible embodiment, the specific steps of determining the training score of the trainer in the above steps are:

[0196] Determine the operation scores of different assessment items based on the assessment objectives of the assessment items of the accident handling of the accident type and the training operation results, and determine unqualified assessment items through the operation scores;

[0197] Determine the assessment items for which the training personnel have incorrect operation sequence according to the processing sequence of different assessment items for the accident processing of the accident type and the training operation results, and use the assessment items for which the operation sequence is incorrect as the problem sequence assessment items;

[0198] The weights of the assessment items are determined based on the types of the assessment items, and the comprehensive weight sum is determined based on the weight sum of the assessment items with incorrect operation sequences and the weight sum of the unqualified assessment items. When the comprehensive weight sum meets the requirements:

[0199] Determining the training score of the trainer according to the operation scores and weights of different assessment items of the trainer;

[0200] When the comprehensive weights and the requirements are not met:

[0201] The unqualified operation score of the assessment item is determined by the weight, number and operation score of the unqualified assessment items, and the comprehensive operation score of the trainee is determined in combination with the number, weight and operation score of the assessment items; the weight and number of the trainee's question sequence assessment items are obtained, and the training score of the trainee is determined in combination with the trainee's comprehensive operation score and the training operation results.

[0202] Through the above embodiments, the present application achieves the following technical effects:

[0203] 1. The present invention simulates the entire accident scene of hazardous chemicals tank trucks through the combination of various modules, allowing firefighters to experience the real accident scene, train their psychological quality, improve their professional skills, and correct the secondary disasters caused by the firefighters' wrong operations. In emergency rescue, from discovery to reconnaissance to the use of tools for rescue, the whole process simulation and the real consequences of wrong rescue will allow fire trainers to feel the danger of the real disaster scene in advance. There is no need to additionally light tires, flames and other auxiliary scenes, which are time-consuming, laborious and cause air pollution.

[0204] 2. The present invention is not limited to a single function, and can realize accident scene simulation training for multiple disasters. For example, the disasters caused by different hazardous chemical transportation accidents are different, so one vehicle can be used for multiple purposes, and training can be carried out as needed. It is not limited to the site and external power supply, which greatly saves training costs, and provides multiple constant pressure adjustment methods for safety performance to ensure the safety of equipment and trainees. Currently, there is no tank truck training device that simulates multiple tank truck accidents for fire emergency response training and assessment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemical tank truck training device to comprehensively teach fire trainers how to deal with most tank truck accidents and disasters, as well as the consequences of secondary accidents caused by incorrect handling, so as to accelerate the rapid growth of firefighters.

[0205] 3. The present invention determines the training score of the trainee by comprehensively considering the operation sequence and the weights of different assessment items and the operation scores, which can not only accurately reflect the actual training results of the trainee, but also lays the foundation for further output of differentiated training suggestions.

[0206] In the embodiments of the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installation", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0207] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it needs to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0208] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "a preferred embodiment", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0209] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device, characterized in that: Specifically include: Training system, control terminal; wherein the training system includes a real fire module, an explosion module, a low-temperature nitrogen leakage module, a high-temperature steam leakage module, a liquid tank dumping module, a liquid phase replacement plugging module, a gas leakage module, a liquid leakage module, an electrostatic grounding module, a smoke module, a gas detection module, and a water-proof medium module; The control terminal is connected to the training system and controls different modules of the training system.

2. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real fire module comprises a solenoid valve, an igniter, a combustible gas pipeline, a flow regulating valve, a temperature sensor, and a gas alarm.

3. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion module includes an air-fuel ratio valve, a gas pipeline, and an igniter, wherein the igniter is placed in a semi-enclosed space above the tank body of the tank truck, and the semi-enclosed space is embedded in the tank body of the tank truck. The explosion or combustion control is performed by electronically changing the flow ratio of the gas entering the air-fuel ratio valve and the flow ratio of the gas and air entering the air-fuel ratio valve.

4. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature steam leakage module includes a steam constant pressure valve, a high-temperature solenoid valve, a water tank, a gas tank, a water pipeline, a steam pipeline, a circulating pump, a high-temperature pressure gauge and an intelligent steam generator, wherein the intelligent steam generator cooperates with the high-temperature pressure gauge to process the size of the gas combustion in the automatic intelligent steam generator through the internal logic algorithm of the programmable logic controller to achieve a constant pressure inside the pipeline, the water pipeline connects the water tank to the circulating pump to reach the intelligent steam generator; the steam pipeline connects the air outlet of the intelligent steam generator to the steam constant pressure valve through the branch pipelines of each leakage point of the high-temperature steam leakage module and then through the solenoid valves of each branch pipeline to reach the leakage point.

5. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid phase replaceable plugging module includes a solenoid valve, a manual valve, a liquid pipeline, a three-phase motor booster pump, and a leakage tool, wherein the leakage tool is composed of a pipeline or a flange, and the leakage port shapes of the leakage tool include cross-shaped, straight-shaped, and circular, and are installed at the pipeline diameter change, flange connection or pipeline bottom.

6. A multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training method, using a multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tank truck training device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Specifically include: Setting the simulated vehicle type and the accident type through the control system, and controlling different modules of the training system based on the accident type and the simulated vehicle type to generate a training environment; The number of assessment items for accident handling of the accident type and the simulated vehicle surrounding environment, the processing order of different assessment items and the assessment objectives are determined, and the training score of the trainee is derived in combination with the training operation results of the trainee in the training environment, and training operation suggestions are given based on the training score.

7. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vehicle types include cryogenic liquid tank trucks, flammable and explosive tank trucks, and ordinary liquid tank trucks.

8. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control of different modules of the training system based on the accident type and the simulated vehicle type to generate a training environment specifically includes: The types of modules to be activated, the order in which different modules are activated, and the activation duration of the modules are determined based on the simulated vehicle type and the accident type, and the training environment is generated based on the types of modules to be activated, the order in which different modules are activated, and the activation duration of the modules.

9. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The assessment objectives of the assessment project include processing time and processing completion, wherein the processing completion is determined based on the processing results of the training personnel of the assessment project and the preset target processing results of the assessment project.

10. The multifunctional simulated hazardous chemicals tanker training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of determining the training score of the trainer are: S11 determines the operation scores of different assessment items based on the assessment objectives of the assessment items of the accident handling of the accident type and the training operation results, and determines the unqualified assessment items through the operation scores, and judges whether the trainee has unqualified assessment items. If so, proceed to step S13, if not, proceed to the next step; S12 determines the assessment items of the training personnel whose operation sequence is wrong according to the processing sequence of different assessment items of the accident processing of the accident type and the training operation result, and takes the assessment items of the wrong operation sequence as the problem sequence assessment items, and judges whether the training personnel has the problem sequence assessment items, if so, proceeds to step S13, if not, derives the training score of the training personnel through the operation scores of the different assessment items of the training personnel; S13: determining the weight of the assessment item based on the type of the assessment item, determining the unqualified operation score of the assessment item according to the weight, number and operation score of the unqualified assessment item, and determining the comprehensive operation score of the trainee in combination with the number, weight and operation score of the assessment item; S14 obtains the weight and number of the question sequence assessment items of the trainee, and determines the training score of the trainee in combination with the comprehensive operation score of the trainee and the training operation result.

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