Isolation switch system based on contact dynamic control

Abstract

The invention discloses an isolating switch system based on contact dynamic control, and the system comprises an arc detection unit which comprises a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and an optical sensor; the contact motion control unit comprises a plurality of servo motors and a motion controller, the servo motors drive the contacts to operate according to a designed trajectory, and the motion controller is used for executing a trajectory planning algorithm; the protection unit comprises an overcurrent protection element and a temperature detection element; and the performance evaluation unit comprises a data recording module and a life prediction module. Compared with the prior art, the isolating switch system based on contact dynamic control has the following beneficial effects: the isolating switch system based on contact dynamic control not only solves the problem of limited space, but also can reduce the equipment cost and improve the reliability and maintainability of the system by optimizing the motion trail and speed of the contact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an isolating switch control system, in particular to an isolating switch system based on dynamic contact control. Background Art

[0002] As an important switchgear in the power system, the isolating switch is mainly used to achieve electrical isolation when the circuit is opened or closed. Ideally, the isolating switch should be opened and closed under no-load conditions. However, in actual operation, due to operating errors or special working conditions, the isolating switch is sometimes opened and closed under current conditions, which may cause arcing.

[0003] When the disconnector contacts separate, a high-temperature arc will be generated in the contact gap due to the sudden interruption of the current. This arc will not only damage the contact surface, causing ablation and deformation of the contact material, but may also cause more serious safety accidents. Especially in high-voltage power systems, the energy of the arc is greater and the destructiveness is more severe. In addition, when the system fails or the misoperation causes the load to be disconnected, the arc phenomenon will be more severe, posing a serious safety hazard to the equipment and operators.

[0004] In the prior art, arc extinguishing devices are mainly used to solve arc problems. Traditional arc extinguishing devices usually adopt structures such as arc extinguishing chambers and arc extinguishing grids to achieve arc extinguishing by extending the arc path, dividing the arc, and forced cooling. However, this solution has obvious technical limitations in the application of disconnectors. The first is the problem of space limitation. The installation position of disconnectors is usually relatively compact, and the space reserved for arc extinguishing devices is very limited, making it difficult to install traditional arc extinguishing structures. Secondly, the original design intention of the disconnector itself is not to be used as an arc extinguishing element such as a circuit breaker. Adding an arc extinguishing device will not only increase the cost of the equipment, but also increase the complexity of the structure, affecting the reliability of the equipment.

[0005] At the same time, the use of traditional arc extinguishing devices also brings about the problem of increased maintenance costs. The parts in the arc extinguishing device will wear and age after long-term use, and need to be regularly inspected and replaced, which increases the difficulty of equipment maintenance and operating costs. In addition, in some special applications, such as outdoor high-altitude areas, the performance of the arc extinguishing device will be affected by environmental factors, and reliability is difficult to guarantee.

[0006] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an isolating switch system that does not require an additional arc extinguishing device but achieves the arc extinguishing function by precisely controlling the movement of the contacts. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a disconnector system based on dynamic contact control. This disconnector system based on dynamic contact control can not only solve the problem of limited space by optimizing the movement trajectory and speed of the contacts, but also reduce equipment costs and improve system reliability and maintainability.

[0008] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A disconnector system based on dynamic contact control comprises: an arc detection unit, the arc detection unit comprises a current sensor, a voltage sensor and an optical sensor, the current sensor is used to collect arc current, the voltage sensor is used to collect arc voltage, and the optical sensor is used to detect arc length and the spatial distribution state of the arc; a contact motion control unit, the contact motion control unit comprises a plurality of servo motors and a motion controller, the servo motor drives the contact to run according to a designed trajectory, and the motion controller is used to execute a trajectory planning algorithm; a protection unit, the protection unit comprises an overcurrent protection element and a temperature detection element; a performance evaluation unit, the performance evaluation unit comprises a data recording module and a life prediction module.

[0009] The present invention is further configured that: the arc characteristics detected by the arc detection unit are described by the following arc characteristic equation: ; Among them, u arc (t) represents the arc voltage, l(t) is the arc length, i(t) is the arc current, the index n ranges from 0.5≤n≤1.0, and the coefficients A, B, C, and D are arc characteristic parameters.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the spatial trajectory planning algorithm of the contact is implemented by the following formula: ; ; ; Among them, x0, y0, z0 are the coordinates of the initial position of the contact, R is the radius of the horizontal motion trajectory, ω is the angular velocity, α, β are the attenuation coefficients, and k is the vertical motion rate.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the trajectory planning algorithm also includes a trajectory correction formula: ; ; ; ; Among them, S0 is the initial correction amplitude, λ is the correction attenuation coefficient, T is the correction period, [n x,n y ,n z ] is the correction direction unit vector.

[0012] The present invention is further configured that the movement speed state of the contact is controlled by the following formula: ; ; .

[0013] Where V0 is the initial velocity and a is the acceleration. max is the maximum speed, t1 is the acceleration to V max The time required, t2 is the duration of uniform motion, and t3 is the time required to decelerate to 0.

[0014] The present invention is further configured that the contact movement speed is controlled by the following dynamic speed optimization formula: ; Among them, V opt (t) is the optimized contact real-time speed, V(t) is the basic contact speed, k V is the speed correction factor, K κ is the curvature correction coefficient; Speed ​​correction factor k V The calculation formula is: ; Among them, P max is the maximum arc power allowed by the system, Parc(t) is the real-time arc power, d(t) is the current contact distance, d crit is the critical safety distance, α, β are experimental calibration coefficients; Curvature correction coefficient K κ The calculation formula is: ; Among them, κ(t) is the real-time curvature of the contact trajectory, κ max is the maximum allowed curvature, and γ is the curvature attenuation exponent.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the overcurrent and overheat protection conditions of the protection unit are: ; Among them, k i is the adjustment coefficient, I rated is the rated current, T max is the threshold temperature, set to 150°C.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the dynamic characteristics of the contact are described by the following equation: ; Where M is the mass, C is the damping coefficient, K is the stiffness coefficient, r is the displacement, F is the driving force, F s is the trajectory correction force.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the arc extinguishing time t recorded by the performance evaluation unit ext Calculated by the following formula: ; Among them, t f is the end time of arc extinguishing process, t0 is the start time of arc extinguishing process, and the target is set to t ext ≤20ms; The energy loss is calculated according to the arc extinguishing state, the formula is as follows: ; Among them, E loss : Total energy loss, the total energy consumption caused by the arc and current during the arc extinguishing process. arc (t): arc power, determined by arc voltage and current; : Arc energy consumption, the total energy during the arc action time. : Current loss, heat loss caused by contact resistance R(t). i(t): contact current; R(t): change of contact resistance over time.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: the contact life prediction of the performance evaluation unit is calculated by the following formula: ; Where L is the remaining life of the contact, L0 is the initial rated life of the contact, k is the reduction factor, ∑W arc is the accumulated value of arc energy, W rated It is the rated energy bearing value of the contact.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This disconnector system based on dynamic contact control achieves efficient arc extinguishing without the need for traditional mechanical arc extinguishing devices through precise arc characteristic modeling and contact motion control. The system uses arc characteristic equations to describe the dynamic behavior of arcs, and combines current, voltage and optical sensors to monitor the arc state in real time. The contact motion path is designed through equations such as three-dimensional space trajectory planning, and a trajectory correction function is introduced to achieve dynamic adjustment to adapt to the changing characteristics of the arc.

[0020] Speed ​​optimization adopts a segmented control strategy, and the speed correction coefficient and curvature correction coefficient are used to achieve precise adjustment of the contact movement speed. The system integrates an overcurrent and overheat protection mechanism, which triggers an emergency shutdown when the current or temperature exceeds the threshold. The dynamic characteristic equation of the contact ensures the smoothness of movement. Performance evaluation is quantitatively evaluated through indicators such as arc extinguishing time, energy loss and contact life.

[0021] The system achieves precise control of contact movement through intelligent algorithms, overcoming the defects of traditional mechanical arc extinguishing devices in terms of space limitations, structural complexity and maintenance costs. Dynamic optimization and real-time adjustment of the contact movement trajectory ensure rapid and effective arc extinguishing, while the system's multiple protection mechanisms and performance evaluation functions ensure the safety and reliability of equipment operation. The overall solution has the advantages of simple structure, strong adaptability, easy maintenance and precise control, providing an innovative solution for disconnector arc extinguishing technology.

[0022] This technology uses software algorithms to replace traditional mechanical devices to achieve arc extinguishing functions, which greatly reduces equipment costs and structural complexity. The system can adaptively adjust contact movement according to the real-time arc state, improve arc extinguishing efficiency, and extend the service life of the equipment. Overall, this solution has significant advantages in terms of technological innovation, practical value, and economic benefits, and provides a feasible way for the intelligent upgrade of power system disconnectors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process structure of an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a disconnector system based on contact dynamic control includes an arc detection unit, a contact motion control unit, a protection unit and a performance evaluation unit.

[0026] The arc detection unit includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor and an optical sensor. The current sensor is used to be set around the disconnector contacts and collect the arc current i(t) in real time when the disconnector is separated. The voltage sensor is used to collect the arc voltage u in real time. arc (t). The optical sensor is used to detect the arc length l(t) and the spatial distribution of the arc.

[0027] The contact motion control unit includes a servo motor and a motion controller. Multiple servo motors are set to drive the contact to run according to the designed trajectory, and the maximum speed is set to V max The motion controller is used to execute the trajectory planning algorithm, that is, to generate motion-specified position and velocity instructions.

[0028] The protection unit includes an overcurrent protection element and a temperature detection element. The overcurrent protection element triggers an emergency stop when the current is too large, and the temperature detection element monitors the contact temperature T(t) through a thermocouple, and its threshold is T max =150℃.

[0029] The performance evaluation unit includes a data recording module and a life prediction module. The data recording module is used to store the arc extinction time t ext The life prediction module is used to predict the remaining service life of the contact under the condition of multiple accumulation of arc energy.

[0030] For the above units, in order to achieve precise control of the movement trajectory and speed of the contacts, dynamic optimization and real-time control methods are used to efficiently extinguish arcs without mechanical arc extinguishing devices. The algorithm includes the following main steps: 1. Arc characteristic modeling: The dynamic behavior of the arc is described by the arc characteristic equation. 2. Contact movement trajectory planning: Design the spatial movement trajectory of the contact, including three-dimensional path and speed planning. 3. Dynamic control strategy: Combine the real-time status of current and voltage to adjust the trajectory and speed. 4. Optimization and protection mechanism: Achieve optimal performance through optimization algorithms, and add multiple protection mechanisms to ensure safety. 5. Performance evaluation and feedback: Evaluation is based on indicators such as arc extinguishing time, energy loss and contact life.

[0031] The details are as follows: 1. Arc characteristic modeling: Arc characteristic modeling describes the generated arc state based on the information collected by the arc detection unit.

[0032] Among them, the dynamic behavior description equation of the arc is as follows:

[0033] Among them, u arc (t) represents the voltage of the arc, which is measured by a voltage sensor and reflects the dynamic change of the resistance characteristics of the arc during the arc extinguishing process.

[0034] l(t) is the arc length, measured by an optical sensor. As the contacts separate, the arc length increases, causing the arc voltage to increase.

[0035] i(t) is the arc current, measured by a current sensor. The change in current directly affects the arc maintenance conditions; the exponent n (0.5≤n≤1.0) represents the nonlinear effect of the control current on the arc voltage.

[0036] Coefficients A, B, C, and D are characteristic parameters of the arc, which are related to arc material, arc length, temperature, and humidity factors respectively.

[0037] The arc characteristic equation is used to model the nature, state, current and voltage of the arc, thereby obtaining an arc characteristic model, which facilitates the subsequent adjustment of the movement state of the contact according to the arc state.

[0038] The arc power formula is as follows:

[0039] Among them, the arc power P arc (t) is the instantaneous power consumed by the arc, which is directly related to the arc voltage u arc (t) is related to the arc current i(t). By reducing the arc power, the arc maintenance energy can be reduced, thereby accelerating the arc extinguishing.

[0040] According to the above arc power, the total energy consumed by the arc is calculated as follows:

[0041] Among them, W arc It is the total energy consumed by the arc during the entire arc extinguishing process. Total arc energy W arc It is the state description of the contact ablation degree. When W arc The greater the energy, the more severe the contact wear.

[0042] Through the above formula, an arc characteristic model is established to describe the arc state information.

[0043] 2. Contact motion trajectory planning: The contact motion control unit plans the specific operating state of the contact motion control unit based on the above arc state information.

[0044] The spatial trajectory planning formula of the contact is as follows: ; ; .

[0045] Through the above formula, three-dimensional coordinates are established to define the position state of the contact in three-dimensional space.

[0046] Among them, x0, y0, z0 (unit: m): initial position coordinates of the contact.

[0047] R (unit: m): radius of horizontal motion trajectory.

[0048] ω (unit: rad / s): angular velocity, controls the horizontal movement frequency.

[0049] α,β(unit: s -1 ): Attenuation coefficient to ensure smooth convergence of the trajectory.

[0050] k (unit: m / s): vertical movement rate.

[0051] In the above, cos(ωt) and sin(ωt) define the rotation trajectory of the contact on the plane; R is the trajectory radius, which controls the rotation range; 1-e -αt It is an exponential decay function, which limits the rapid growth of the contact trajectory in the initial stage and gradually stabilizes. As the contacts separate, the arc path gradually lengthens, the impedance of the arc increases, and the arc power is reduced.

[0052] The above state describes the state when the contacts are separated. In order to improve the adaptability of the contacts to different arc state characteristics and achieve optimized arc extinguishing action, the present invention corrects the above trajectory. The trajectory correction formula is as follows: ; ; ; .

[0053] Among them, S0 (unit: m): initial correction amplitude; λ (unit: s -1 ): Correction attenuation coefficient; T (unit: s): Correction period; [n x ,n y ,n z ]: Correction direction unit vector, determined by the arc position.

[0054] The correction function S(t) mentioned above realizes dynamic offset of the contact trajectory, and can better adapt to complex arc changes, such as arc reignition and other changing states.

[0055] S0*exp(-λt) sets an exponential decay term so that the correction amplitude gradually decreases over time. Since the arc change is generally more drastic in the initial state, setting the exponential decay term can reduce the adjustment offset amplitude of the contact trajectory and adapt to the actual arc state changes.

[0056] sin(πt / T): The sinusoidal term introduces periodic changes, and the movement characteristics of the contact oscillating in the arc are described by the changes in the sinusoidal term.

[0057] Through the planning and design of the contact movement trajectory, the movement of the contact can be adjusted accordingly according to the arc characteristics, thereby achieving the optimal arc extinguishing effect.

[0058] 3. Speed ​​Optimization Based on the arc characteristics, the contact movement speed needs to be adjusted according to the different arc states. The specific formula is as follows: ; ; .

[0059] Where V0 is the initial velocity and a is the acceleration. max is the maximum speed, t1 is the acceleration to V max The time required, t2 is the duration of uniform motion, and t3 is the time required to decelerate to 0.

[0060] Through the segmented design of contact speed, the arc path is quickly lengthened and the arc power is reduced in the acceleration stage, the uniform speed stage is stable, and the structure is protected from impact in the deceleration stage.

[0061] Based on the above speed formula, the dynamic speed optimization formula is used to make corresponding corrections to the above speed: ; Among them, V opt (t): Optimized real-time contact speed (unit: m / s). Function: Indicates the optimal contact movement speed after dynamic adjustment based on the arc state and trajectory characteristics at time t.

[0062] V(t): basic contact speed (unit: m / s), function: initial planned speed value, which may be generated based on segmented control (acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration stages).

[0063] k V : Speed ​​correction factor (dimensionless) used to adjust the speed according to arc power and contact spacing.

[0064] Among them, the speed correction factor K V The calculation formula is as follows: ; Among them, P max : The maximum arc power allowed by the system (unit: W); P arc (t): Real-time arc power (unit: W), derived from P arc (t) = u arc (t)*i(t) is calculated; d(t): current distance between contacts (unit: m); d crit : Critical safety distance (unit: m), the minimum distance that contacts need to maintain to avoid arc reignition.

[0065] k p ,α,β: experimental calibration coefficients (default value: k p =1.0,α=0.5,β=0.3).

[0066] kV Adjust the contact speed to suit the arc power P arc and the real-time state of the contact distance d. When P arc Larger or d is close to the critical value d crit When the arc is extended, the speed is increased to accelerate the arc lengthening.

[0067] K κ : Curvature correction coefficient, used to adjust the speed according to the curvature of the contact track. The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where, κ(t): real-time curvature of the contact trajectory (unit: m -1 ), reflecting the curvature of the trajectory; κ max : Maximum allowable curvature (unit: m -1 ), which is determined by the structural limitations of the contact motion control unit; γ: curvature attenuation exponent (default value: γ=0.2).

[0068] By using the above curvature correction coefficient, the curvature κ(t) of the contact trajectory is limited, so that the contact movement is dynamically smooth without drastic changes. On the basis of improving the arc extinguishing efficiency, the safety and stability of the overall system are guaranteed.

[0069] 4. Dynamic control strategy Based on the above-mentioned contact path planning and speed optimization state, a dynamic control algorithm is set so that the contact movement is adjusted accordingly at each time point. The state equation formula is as follows: ; The state vector x(t) includes the contact position d(t), velocity V(t), arc current i(t), temperature T(t) and trajectory curvature κ(t), which reflects the dynamic state of the overall system.

[0070] The control law equation is as follows: ; Where, K, N, G: control gain matrix; r(t): reference trajectory vector; S(t): trajectory correction vector.

[0071] Through the above control law equation, −K*x(t) is used to adjust the movement of the contact, and N*r(t) is used to make the contact follow the planned trajectory; G*S(t) introduces a correction term to adapt to dynamic changes.

[0072] 5. Optimization and protection mechanism: In the process of overall contact separation, in order to ensure the safety of the system, a corresponding protection mechanism is designed: Overcurrent and overheat protection: ; Among them, ki Represents the adjustment factor, which is used to define the safety threshold of the current.

[0073] I rated is the rated current, unit is A.

[0074] T max is the threshold temperature in degrees Celsius, which is set to 150°C in the present invention.

[0075] When the current i(t) or T(t) exceeds the threshold, the shutdown protection operation is triggered.

[0076] The dynamic characteristic equation of the contact is as follows: ; Where, M is mass, which represents the inertial characteristics of the system, and its unit is kg.

[0077] d²r / dt²: The second derivative of displacement r with respect to time, i.e. acceleration, in meters per second (m / s²).

[0078] C: Damping coefficient, which represents the energy dissipation characteristics of the system, and its unit is N·s / m.

[0079] dr / dt: The first derivative of displacement r with respect to time, i.e. velocity, in meters per second (m / s). It describes the instantaneous velocity of the contact movement.

[0080] K: Stiffness coefficient, which represents the elastic restoring force characteristics of the system, unit is N / m.

[0081] r: displacement, describing the displacement of the contact in three-dimensional space, unit is m.

[0082] F: driving force, unit is N.

[0083] F s : Trajectory correction force, unit is N. .

[0084] In the above formula, the dynamic characteristic equation describes the mechanical state of the contact movement. During the contact movement, if an unstable state is detected (such as excessive oscillation amplitude or excessive speed), the F or F s To achieve emergency braking or trajectory correction and avoid contact damage or arc deterioration.

[0085] 6. Performance evaluation and optimization The arc extinction time, i.e. the arc extinguishing time t, is recorded by the performance evaluation unit. ext . Set the target to t ext ≤20ms, the formula is as follows:

[0086] ; Among them, t ext: Arc extinguishing time refers to the time from the beginning of contact disconnection to the complete extinguishing of the arc. f : The end time of arc extinguishing process, which refers to the final moment when the arc is extinguished. t0: The start time of arc extinguishing process, which refers to the moment when the contact breaking action starts.

[0087] According to the calculation of energy loss during arc extinguishing, the formula is as follows: ; Among them, E loss : Total energy loss, the total energy consumption caused by the arc and current during the arc extinguishing process. arc (t): arc power, determined by arc voltage and current; : Arc energy consumption, the total energy during the arc action time. : Current loss, heat loss caused by contact resistance R(t). i(t): contact current; R(t): change of contact resistance over time.

[0088] According to the above arc energy loss formula, the contact life is predicted as follows: ; L: Remaining life of the contact, which is the service life of the contact predicted based on the cumulative consumption of arc energy. L0: Initial rated life of the contact, which is the theoretical service life of the contact under standard working conditions. k: Reduction factor, which indicates the influence of arc energy on contact life, which depends on the contact material. ∑W arc : The accumulated value of arc energy, the accumulated amount of total arc energy during the arc extinguishing process: ; W rated : The rated energy bearing value of the contact refers to the total amount of arc energy that the contact can withstand during its design life.

[0089] Through the above formula, the arc extinguishing time, energy loss and contact life are quantified, so as to optimize the arc extinguishing process and determine the equipment maintenance time.

[0090] In summary, the intelligent arc extinguishing system for disconnectors based on dynamic contact control described in this specification, by introducing core technologies such as arc characteristic modeling, contact motion trajectory planning, dynamic control strategy, speed optimization and multiple protection mechanisms, enables disconnectors to achieve efficient arc extinguishing without additional mechanical arc extinguishing devices, and has significant technical effects.

[0091] First, the present invention can accurately describe the arc characteristics and their changing rules through dynamic modeling of state parameters such as arc voltage, current and length, and provide a real-time optimization basis for contact movement. This dynamic modeling method based on arc characteristics can not only effectively reduce arc power and total energy loss, but also reduce the degree of ablation of contact materials, fundamentally solving the space limitation problem faced by traditional arc extinguishing devices.

[0092] Secondly, by optimizing the contact motion trajectory and speed planning, the present invention adopts a three-dimensional motion model and an exponentially decaying trajectory correction algorithm to ensure that the contact can adapt to complex arc states during the switching operation. This design provides a larger trajectory adjustment range in the initial stage of drastic changes in the arc, and achieves trajectory convergence when it gradually stabilizes in the later stage. It not only improves the arc extinguishing efficiency, but also improves the smoothness of the contact movement, and avoids the arc reignition caused by vibration or trajectory deviation. In terms of dynamic control, the present invention combines the real-time arc state and realizes precise adjustment of the contact movement through the control law. By introducing the correction coefficient for speed optimization, the contact speed can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time state of the arc power and the contact spacing; at the same time, combined with the curvature correction, the smoothness and safety of the contact motion trajectory are ensured. This control strategy effectively improves the response speed of the arc extinguishing action and the stability of the system operation, which is significantly better than the passive control method of the traditional arc extinguishing device.

[0093] In addition, the present invention has designed multiple protection mechanisms based on overcurrent, overheating and other working conditions, which can trigger emergency stop when the current or temperature exceeds the safety threshold to prevent the equipment from being damaged by overload or high temperature. At the same time, the arc extinguishing time, energy loss and contact life are quantitatively analyzed through the performance evaluation unit, providing data support for equipment maintenance and optimization. This full-process dynamic optimization and protection mechanism design ensures the reliability and safety of the system.

[0094] The present invention overcomes the technical defects of space limitation and high maintenance cost of traditional arc extinguishing devices by dynamically controlling the movement trajectory and speed of the contacts, while achieving the comprehensive technical effects of efficient arc extinguishing, low energy loss and long contact life.

[0095] In order to better understand the technical purpose of the present invention, this application provides the following calculation examples: 1. Initial parameter setting Assume that during a disconnector opening operation, the system parameters are as follows: Arc characteristics modeling: A=20V,B=5V / m,C=50V,D=2V / m,n=0.8 Initial arc length l(t)=0.01m, arc current i(t)=100A Contact motion trajectory planning: Initial position: x0=0m, y0=0m, z0=0m Trajectory radius R = 0.1m, angular velocity ω = 10rad / s Attenuation coefficient α=5s -1 ,β=2s -1 , vertical speed k = 0.5m / s Speed ​​Optimization: Maximum speed V max =2m / s Correction coefficient kp=1.0,α=0.5,β=0.3 Critical safety distance d crit =0.2m Curvature correction parameters: Maximum allowable curvature κ max =1.0m -1 Curvature decay exponent γ = 0.2 Dynamic control gain matrix: K=[0.5,0.1,0.2,0.05,0.3] N=[0.8,0.2,0.0,0.0,0.0] G=[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.1] Protection mechanism threshold: Overcurrent protection threshold ki×i rated =1.2×200A=240A Overheat protection threshold T max =150°C Contact resistance model: R(t)=R0×(1+γ×T(t)), where R0=0.01Ω, γ=0.003℃ -1 2. Arc characteristics modeling and calculation Step 1: Calculate the arc voltage u arc (t) Take the arc length l(t)=0.05m and the current i(t)=80A at t=0.1s: u arc (0.1)=20+5×0.05+(50+2×0.05) / 80^0.8 =20.25+50.1 / 33.1≈21.76V Step 2: Calculate the arc power P arc (t): P arc (0.1)=u arc (0.1)×i(0.1)=21.76×80=1740.8W Step 3: Integrate and calculate the total arc energy W arc (Assume that t∈[0,0.02s] within P arc (t) linear decrease): W arc =38J.

[0096] 3. Contact motion trajectory planning Step 1: Calculate the uncorrected trajectory (t=0.05s): x(0.05)=0+0.1×cos(0.5)×(1-e^(-0.25))≈0.0194m y(0.05)=0+0.1×sin(0.5)×(1-e^(-0.25))≈0.0106m z(0.05)=0+0.5×0.05×(1-e^(-0.1))≈0.0024m Step 2: Trajectory correction (S0=0.01m,λ=10s -1 ,T=0.01s): S(0.05)=0.01×e^(-0.5)×sin(5π)=0→The corrected trajectory is consistent with the original trajectory 4. Speed ​​Optimization Step 1: Basic speed planning (acceleration phase t∈[0,0.01s], a=100m / s²): V(0.005)=0+100×0.005=0.5m / s Step 2: Dynamic speed correction (assuming d(0.005)=0.1m, P arc =2000W): k V =1.0×(3000 / 2000)^0.5×(0.1 / 0.2)^0.3≈1.0 Step 3: Curvature correction (real-time curvature κ(t) = 0.8m -1 ): k κ =(1.0 / 0.8)^0.2≈1.044 Step 4: Optimized speed calculation: V opt (0.005)=min(0.5×1.0×1.044,2.0)=0.522m / s 5. Dynamic control strategy implementation Step 1: State vector update (t=0.1s): x(t)=[0.15m,1.5m / s,120A,130°C,0.8m -1 ] Step 2: Calculation of control law equations (reference trajectory r(t)=[0.2,2.0,0,0,0], correction vector S(t)=0.01m): u(t)=-[0.075,0.15,24,6.5,0.24]+[0.16,0.4,0,0,0]+[0,0,0,0,0.001]=[0.085,0.25,-24,-6.5,-0.239] Output command: Reduce current 24A, smooth curvature 0.239m -1 .

[0097] 6. Protection mechanism triggered Scenario simulation: When t=0.15s, i(t)=250A, T(t)=160°C is detected Trigger conditions: 250A>240A and 160°C>150°C System Response: 1. Emergency stop contact movement 2. Start the cooling unit 3. Record fault events 7. Performance Evaluation Step 1: Arc extinguishing time t ext t ext =t f -t0=0.018s-0s=18ms (satisfying t ext <20ms) Step 2: Total energy loss E loss Assume that the contact resistance R(t)=0.01×(1+0.003×130)=0.0139Ω: E loss =38J (arc energy) + ∫(100-5000t)×0.0139dt≈38+1.39=39.39J.

[0098] Step 3: Contact life prediction L=10 5 ×exp(-0.1×38 / 1000)≈10 5 × 0.996 = 99,600 times 8. Performance Evaluation Summary Arc extinguishing time t ext =18ms<20ms; Arc energy W arc =38Jminimize; Total energy loss E loss =39.39Jminimize; Contact life L = 99,600 times close to 10 5 Second-rate.

[0099] By adjusting the contact trajectory and speed in real time through dynamic control strategies, the system can: 1. Fast arc extinguishing: arc extinguishing time is shortened to 18ms, meeting design requirements 2. Low energy loss: The total energy loss is controlled at 39.39J, which significantly reduces contact ablation 3. Long life prediction: The remaining life of the contacts is 99,600 operations, close to the initial rated life. The dynamic control and protection mechanism effectively improves the safety and reliability of the system.

[0100] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A disconnector system based on dynamic contact control, characterized in that: include: An arc detection unit, the arc detection unit comprising a current sensor, a voltage sensor and an optical sensor, the current sensor is used to collect arc current, the voltage sensor is used to collect arc voltage, and the optical sensor is used to detect arc length and arc spatial distribution; A contact motion control unit, the contact motion control unit comprising a plurality of servo motors and a motion controller, the servo motors driving the contacts to run according to a designed trajectory, and the motion controller being used to execute a trajectory planning algorithm; A protection unit, the protection unit comprising an overcurrent protection element and a temperature detection element; A performance evaluation unit, comprising a data recording module and a life prediction module.

2. The isolating switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc characteristics detected by the arc detection unit are described by the following arc characteristic equation: ； Among them, u arc (t) represents the arc voltage, l(t) is the arc length, i(t) is the arc current, the index n ranges from 0.5≤n≤1.0, and the coefficients A, B, C, and D are arc characteristic parameters.

3. The isolating switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial trajectory planning algorithm of the contact is implemented by the following formula: ； ； ； Among them, x0, y0, z0 are the coordinates of the initial position of the contact, R is the radius of the horizontal motion trajectory, ω is the angular velocity, α, β are the attenuation coefficients, and k is the vertical motion rate.

4. The isolating switch system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The trajectory planning algorithm also includes a trajectory correction formula: ； ； ； ； Among them, S0 is the initial correction amplitude, λ is the correction attenuation coefficient, T is the correction period, [n x ,n y ,n z ] is the correction direction unit vector.

5. The isolating switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movement speed state of the contact is controlled by the following formula: ； ； ； Where V0 is the initial velocity and a is the acceleration. max is the maximum speed, t1 is the acceleration to V max The time required, t2 is the duration of uniform motion, and t3 is the time required to decelerate to 0.

6. The isolating switch system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The contact movement speed is controlled by the following dynamic speed optimization formula: ； Among them, V opt (t) is the optimized contact real-time speed, V(t) is the basic contact speed, k V is the speed correction factor, K κ is the curvature correction coefficient; The speed correction factor k V The calculation formula is: ； Among them, P max is the maximum arc power allowed by the system, Parc(t) is the real-time arc power, d(t) is the current contact distance, d crit is the critical safety distance, α, β are experimental calibration coefficients; The curvature correction coefficient K κ The calculation formula is: ； Among them, κ(t) is the real-time curvature of the contact trajectory, κ max is the maximum allowed curvature, and γ is the curvature attenuation exponent.

7. The isolating switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overcurrent and overheat protection conditions of the protection unit are: ； Among them, k i is the adjustment coefficient, I rated is the rated current, T max is the threshold temperature, set to 150°C.

8. The isolating switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact dynamic characteristics are described by the following equation: ； Where M is the mass, C is the damping coefficient, K is the stiffness coefficient, r is the displacement, F is the driving force, F s is the trajectory correction force.

9. The isolating switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing time t recorded by the performance evaluation unit ext Calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, t f is the end time of arc extinguishing process, t0 is the start time of arc extinguishing process, and the target is set to t ext ≤20ms; The energy loss is calculated according to the arc extinguishing state, the formula is as follows: ； Among them, E loss : Total energy loss, the total energy consumption caused by the arc and current during the arc extinguishing process. arc (t): arc power, determined by arc voltage and current; : Arc energy consumption, the total energy during the arc action time. : Current loss, heat loss caused by contact resistance R(t). i(t): contact current; R(t): change of contact resistance over time.

10. The isolating switch system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The contact life prediction of the performance evaluation unit is calculated by the following formula: ； Where L is the remaining life of the contact, L0 is the initial rated life of the contact, k is the reduction factor, ∑W arc is the accumulated value of arc energy, W rated It is the rated energy bearing value of the contact.

Images