High-activity material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicle hybrid power system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-activity material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicle hybrid power system, relates to the technical field of hybrid power and long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles, and solves the problem that an unmanned aerial vehicle power source does not give consideration to high energy density and high power density at the same time. A solid hydrolysis reactor is communicated with an anode inlet of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and an anode outlet is communicated with a gas-liquid separator I; a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator I is communicated with an anode inlet through a circulating gas pump, and a liquid outlet, a circulating water pump and a solid hydrolysis reactor are sequentially communicated; a cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is communicated with a gas-liquid separator II; a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator II is communicated with the atmosphere, and a liquid outlet is communicated with the circulating water pump; the unmanned aerial vehicle load is connected with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the lithium battery. A more flexible solid hydrolysis hydrogen production mode is adopted, the fuel cell and the lithium battery work cooperatively through the energy management system, and long-endurance operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid power and long-flight UAV, and in particular to a hybrid power system of a UAV using a renewable fuel cell that can produce hydrogen by hydrolyzing highly active materials. Background Art

[0002] Various types of drones have been widely used in many fields such as route inspection and agricultural mechanization. However, drones consume a lot of energy during flight, especially when performing difficult actions, which require more energy support. When facing complex working conditions, drones need to perform difficult actions, such as rapid climbing, diving, hovering, etc. These actions require the power system to have a high power density and be able to provide the required power to the drone in an instant; and when cruising for a long time, a higher energy density is required. Although the current power sources include internal combustion engines, fuel cells, batteries, solar cells, and supercapacitors, they have not yet taken into account both high energy density and high power density. Therefore, solving the power problem of single-power source drones is crucial to the future development of drones. Hybrid power system drones are a feasible solution. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem that the existing UAV power source mentioned above does not take into account both high energy density and high power density, the present invention proposes a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system. The present invention adopts a more flexible solid hydrolysis hydrogen production method, and the fuel cell and lithium battery work together through the energy management system to achieve long-term operation of the UAV.

[0004] The present invention proposes a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system, which specifically includes a solid hydrolysis reactor, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a gas-liquid separator 1, a circulating air pump, a gas-liquid separator 2, a circulating water pump, a lithium battery, a fuel cell output module, a power management module and a UAV load, wherein the outlet end of the solid hydrolysis reactor is connected to the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell; the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to the gas-liquid separator 1; the gas outlet side of the gas-liquid separator 1 is connected to the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell via the circulating air pump; the liquid outlet side of the gas-liquid separator 1, the circulating water pump and the solid hydrolysis reactor are connected in sequence; the cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to the gas-liquid separator 2; the gas outlet side of the gas-liquid separator 2 is connected to the atmosphere, and the liquid outlet side is connected to the circulating water pump; the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to the UAV load via the fuel cell output module, and the lithium battery is connected to the UAV load via the power management module.

[0005] Furthermore, an air compressor is provided at the cathode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0006] Furthermore, an outlet valve is provided between the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the gas-liquid separator 1.

[0007] Furthermore, an inlet valve is provided at the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0008] Furthermore, a water storage tank is arranged between the circulating water pump and the solid hydrolysis reactor.

[0009] Furthermore, the solid hydrolysis reactor is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes an energy management system, which is respectively connected to the solid hydrolysis reactor, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the lithium battery, the fuel cell output module, the power management module and the UAV load.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a fuel tank, which is connected to the solid hydrolysis reactor.

[0012] Furthermore, the fuel tank is filled with aluminum, magnesium hydride, calcium hydride or sodium borohydride.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the hybrid power system of a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell drone described in the present invention are:

[0014] (1) The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system described in the present invention overcomes the problem that the existing UAV power source does not take into account both high energy density and high power density. In the UAV power system, proton exchange membrane fuel cells are widely used due to their advantages such as high energy density, low emissions and long life. Through the hydrogen provided by solid hydrolysis hydrogen production technology, the fuel cell can continuously provide power for the UAV to meet its long-term flight needs; lithium batteries, as auxiliary power sources in the UAV power system, have the characteristics of fast charging and discharging, high energy density and long cycle life. In scenarios where the UAV requires high power output or fast start-up, the lithium battery can respond quickly and provide the required energy. The energy management system can efficiently integrate and manage the power supply of fuel cells and lithium batteries to achieve intelligent switching and coordinated operation of the two power sources. This system can monitor the energy usage of the UAV in real time, including key parameters such as battery power, fuel consumption, power demand, etc., and make intelligent adjustments according to the actual needs of the flight mission. When the UAV needs high power output, the fuel cell can provide stable power supply; when the UAV requires lower power, the fuel cell can charge the lithium battery to achieve rational use of energy; through the integrated energy management system, the UAV can achieve the coordinated work of fuel cells and lithium batteries, thereby optimizing energy utilization, extending flight time and improving flight efficiency.

[0015] (2) The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell drone hybrid power system described in the present invention uses hydrogen as fuel. Hydrogen is a renewable clean energy source with high combustion calorific value and the combustion product is water. It has the advantages of abundant sources, light weight, and diverse storage and utilization methods. The current hydrogen storage method commonly used is high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks. The mass hydrogen storage density of the most advanced 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is about 10%. In contrast, high-pressure gaseous or liquid hydrogen has a greater safety hazard. Solid hydrolysis hydrogen production technology is a new type of hydrogen production method, which uses highly active materials to react with water to produce hydrogen. This technology has the advantages of high hydrogen production efficiency, fast reaction speed, and high product purity. In the drone power system, solid hydrolysis hydrogen production technology provides a stable hydrogen source for fuel cells, thereby realizing portable hydrogen production on drones. The present invention uses highly active hydrolysis materials to produce hydrogen. The highly active material hydrolysis technology can efficiently convert specific substances into hydrogen. In this process, not only is the energy conversion efficiency high, but the generated hydrogen is also of high purity, which is very suitable as a fuel for fuel cells. Fuel cells use the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. This process is clean and pollution-free, and the energy density is much higher than traditional lithium batteries, allowing drones to carry more energy at the same weight, thereby significantly extending the flight time of the drone.

[0016] (3) The hybrid power system of a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen-producing renewable fuel cell UAV described in the present invention uses a lithium battery as an auxiliary power source, which together with the fuel cell provides power to the UAV, forming an efficient and reliable power supply mode. Lithium batteries have the characteristics of fast charging and discharging and high energy density, and can provide the required energy for the UAV in a short time. The advantages of lithium batteries are particularly obvious when the UAV needs to start quickly or perform high-power operations. The fuel cell can maintain a stable power supply during long-term flight, ensuring the continuous combat capability of the UAV.

[0017] (4) The combination of solid hydrolysis technology and fuel cells in the highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system described in the present invention also brings about improved safety. Traditional lithium batteries may have safety hazards under extreme conditions, while solid hydrolysis technology uses solid reactants to effectively reduce safety risks. At the same time, the reaction process of the fuel cell is stable and is not prone to accidents such as explosions or fires, further improving the safety of the UAV. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] In the attached picture:

[0020] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a hybrid power system of a renewable fuel cell drone using high-activity material hydrolysis to produce hydrogen according to the present invention;

[0021] Among them: 1-solid hydrolysis reactor, 2-inlet valve, 3-proton exchange membrane fuel cell, 4-outlet valve, 5-gas-liquid separator, 6-circulating air pump, 7-air compressor, 8-gas-liquid separator, 9-circulating water pump, 10-water storage tank, 11-fuel tank, 12-lithium battery, 13-power management module, 14-fuel cell output module, 15-UAV load, 16-energy management system, 17-pressure sensor, 18-temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] Specific implementation method 1: See Figure 1Specific description of this embodiment. A highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell drone hybrid power system described in this embodiment specifically includes a solid hydrolysis reactor 1, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3, a gas-liquid separator 1 5, a circulating air pump 6, a gas-liquid separator 2 8, a circulating water pump 9, a lithium battery 12, a fuel cell output module 13, a power management module 14 and a drone load 15. The outlet of the solid hydrolysis reactor 1 is connected to the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3; the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 1 5; the gas outlet side of the gas-liquid separator 1 5 is connected to the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 via the circulating air pump 6; the liquid outlet side of the gas-liquid separator 1 5, the circulating water pump 9 and the solid hydrolysis reactor 1 are connected in sequence; the cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 2 8; the gas outlet side of the gas-liquid separator 2 8 is connected to the atmosphere, and the liquid outlet side is connected to the circulating water pump 9;

[0027] The proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 is connected to the drone load 15 via the fuel cell output module 13, and the lithium battery 12 is connected to the drone load 15 via the power management module 14. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 and the lithium battery 12 jointly bear the drone load demand.

[0028] An air compressor 7 is provided at the cathode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 .

[0029] An outlet valve 4 is provided between the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 and the gas-liquid separator 5 .

[0030] An inlet valve 2 is provided at the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 .

[0031] A water storage tank 10 is arranged between the circulating water pump 9 and the solid hydrolysis reactor 1, so that the system can circulate water; water is produced in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3, and enters the circulating water pump 9 through the gas-liquid separator 1 5 and the gas-liquid separator 2 8, thereby realizing the regeneration water circulation of the system. At the same time, the high-activity hydrolysis material in the solid hydrolysis reactor 1 is also regenerated after subsequent treatment.

[0032] The solid hydrolysis reactor 1 is provided with a pressure sensor 17 and a temperature sensor 18. The hydrogen production rate in the reactor 1 can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of water according to the temperature and pressure.

[0033] It also includes an energy management system 16, which is connected to the solid hydrolysis reactor 1, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3, the lithium battery 12, the fuel cell output module 13, the power management module 14 and the drone load 15 respectively; the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 and the lithium battery 12 work together through the energy management system 16, and the energy management system 16 controls the hydrogen production rate of the solid reactor 1 to ensure the stability of the output of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3. At the same time, the lithium battery 12 assists in power supply, so that the drone can operate stably under flight conditions and provide a guarantee for the long flight time of the drone. In addition, when the drone requires low power, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 can charge the lithium battery 12 under the control of the energy management system 16.

[0034] The fuel tank 11 is also included, and the fuel tank 11 is connected to the solid hydrolysis reactor 1. The fuel tank 11 is filled with highly active hydrolysis materials, which are generally active metals, metal hydrides and borohydrides. In this embodiment, the fuel tank 11 is filled with aluminum, magnesium hydride, calcium hydride or sodium borohydride.

[0035] The specific working principle of the hybrid power system of a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell drone described in the present invention is:

[0036] The present invention is a hybrid power system based on a proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 and a lithium battery 12. The hydrogen of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 comes from the hydrolysis of a high-activity material in a solid hydrolysis reactor 1. A pressure sensor 17 and a temperature sensor 18 are arranged above the solid hydrolysis reactor 1. The hydrogen production rate in the solid hydrolysis reactor 1 can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of water according to the temperature and pressure. The air comes from the atmosphere and is compressed by an air compressor 7 and introduced into the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3. The anode tail gas of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 contains the remaining hydrogen and the generated water. After being separated by a gas-liquid separator 5, the hydrogen is returned to the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 through a circulating air pump 6. After the cathode tail gas of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 is processed by a gas-liquid separator 8, the water is returned to the water storage tank 10 through a circulating water pump 9 for reuse. Through the control of the energy management system 16, the UAV load is supplied by the fuel cell 3 and the lithium battery 12. By controlling the hydrogen production rate of the solid hydrolysis reactor 1, the stability of the output of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 is ensured. At the same time, the lithium battery 12 assists in power supply, so that the UAV can operate stably under flight conditions.

[0037] The present invention provides a stable source of hydrogen for the UAV by using solid hydrolysis technology. Hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the fuel cell to generate electricity. This process is not only clean and environmentally friendly, but also has a high energy density, which significantly improves the endurance of the UAV. At the same time, the lithium battery, as an auxiliary power source, can quickly replenish energy in a short period of time to ensure that the UAV can respond quickly when high power output is required. This complementary power supply mode of fuel cells and lithium batteries enables the UAV to intelligently adjust energy distribution according to actual needs during flight, thereby maximizing the use of energy. At the same time, when the UAV needs to fly for a long time or perform complex tasks, the energy management system can give full play to its advantages, further extending the flight time of the UAV by optimizing energy distribution and reducing energy waste. The present invention not only improves the flight efficiency and reliability of the UAV, but also provides strong support for the application of UAVs in a wider range of fields.

[0038] Summarizing the above implementation cases, the high-activity material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system described in the present invention overcomes the problem that the existing UAV power source does not take into account both high energy density and high power density. In the UAV power system, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 3 is widely used due to its advantages such as high energy density, low emissions and long life. Through the hydrogen provided by the solid hydrolysis hydrogen production technology, the fuel cell can continuously provide power for the UAV to meet its long-term flight needs; the lithium battery 12, as an auxiliary power source in the UAV power system, has the characteristics of fast charging and discharging, high energy density and long cycle life. In scenarios where the UAV requires high power output or fast start, the lithium battery 12 can respond quickly and provide the required energy. The energy management system 16 can efficiently integrate and manage the power supply of the fuel cell and the lithium battery, and realize the intelligent switching and coordinated work of the two power sources. This system can monitor the energy usage of the UAV in real time, including key parameters such as battery power, fuel consumption, and power demand, and make intelligent adjustments according to the actual needs of the flight mission. When the UAV needs high power output, the fuel cell can provide stable power supply; when the UAV requires lower power, the fuel cell can charge the lithium battery 12 to achieve rational use of energy; through the integrated energy management system, the UAV can achieve the coordinated work of the fuel cell and the lithium battery 12, thereby optimizing energy utilization, extending flight time and improving flight efficiency.

[0039] The invention discloses a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell drone hybrid power system, which uses hydrogen as fuel. Hydrogen is a renewable clean energy source, has a high combustion calorific value and the combustion product is water, and has the advantages of abundant sources, light weight, and diverse storage and utilization methods. The current hydrogen storage method commonly used is high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks for hydrogen storage. The mass hydrogen storage density of the most advanced 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is about 10%. In contrast, high-pressure gaseous or liquid hydrogen has a greater safety hazard. Solid hydrolysis hydrogen production technology is a new type of hydrogen production method, which uses highly active materials to react with water to produce hydrogen. This technology has the advantages of high hydrogen production efficiency, fast reaction speed, and high product purity. In the drone power system, solid hydrolysis hydrogen production technology provides a stable hydrogen source for fuel cells, thereby realizing portable hydrogen production on drones. The invention adopts highly active hydrolysis materials to produce hydrogen. The highly active material hydrolysis technology can efficiently convert specific substances into hydrogen. In this process, not only the energy conversion efficiency is high, but also the hydrogen produced is of high purity, which is very suitable as a fuel for fuel cells. Fuel cells use the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. This process is clean and pollution-free, and the energy density is much higher than traditional lithium batteries, allowing drones to carry more energy at the same weight, thereby significantly extending the flight time of the drone.

[0040] The hybrid power system of a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen-producing renewable fuel cell UAV described in the present invention uses a lithium battery as an auxiliary power source, and together with the fuel cell, it supplies power to the UAV, forming an efficient and reliable power supply mode. The lithium battery 12 has the characteristics of fast charging and discharging and high energy density, and can provide the required energy for the UAV in a short time, especially when the UAV needs to start quickly or perform high-power operations, the advantages of the lithium battery 12 are particularly obvious. The fuel cell can maintain a stable power supply during long-term flight, ensuring the continuous combat capability of the UAV.

[0041] The invention discloses a highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system, the combination of solid hydrolysis technology and fuel cell also brings about improved safety. Traditional lithium batteries may have safety hazards under extreme conditions, while solid hydrolysis technology uses solid reactants to effectively reduce safety risks. At the same time, the reaction process of the fuel cell is stable and is not prone to accidents such as explosions or fires, further improving the safety of the UAV.

[0042] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. It can also be a reasonable combination of the features recorded in the above implementation methods. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system, characterized by: The invention comprises a solid hydrolysis reactor (1), a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3), a gas-liquid separator (5), a circulating air pump (6), a gas-liquid separator (8), a circulating water pump (9), a lithium battery (12), a fuel cell output module (13), a power management module (14) and an unmanned aerial vehicle load (15); the outlet end of the solid hydrolysis reactor (1) is connected to the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3); the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3) is connected to the gas-liquid separator (5); the gas outlet side of the gas-liquid separator (5) is connected to the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3) via the circulating air pump (6); the liquid outlet side of the gas-liquid separator (5), the circulating water pump (9) and the solid hydrolysis reactor (1) are connected in sequence; the cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3) is connected to the gas-liquid separator (8); the gas outlet side of the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected to the atmosphere, and the liquid outlet side is connected to the circulating water pump (9); The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3) is connected to the drone load (15) via a fuel cell output module (13), and the lithium battery (12) is connected to the drone load (15) via a power management module (14).

2. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 1 is characterized by: An air compressor (7) is provided at the cathode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3).

3. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 1 is characterized by: An outlet valve (4) is provided between the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3) and the gas-liquid separator (5).

4. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 1 is characterized by: An inlet valve (2) is provided at the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3).

5. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A water storage tank (10) is provided between the circulating water pump (9) and the solid hydrolysis reactor (1).

6. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The solid hydrolysis reactor (1) is provided with a pressure sensor (17) and a temperature sensor (18).

7. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes an energy management system (16), which is respectively connected to the solid hydrolysis reactor (1), the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (3), the lithium battery (12), the fuel cell output module (13), the power management module (14) and the drone load (15).

8. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a fuel tank (11), which is connected to the solid hydrolysis reactor (1).

9. The highly active material hydrolysis hydrogen production renewable fuel cell UAV hybrid power system according to claim 8 is characterized by: The fuel tank (11) is filled with aluminum, magnesium hydride, calcium hydride or sodium borohydride.

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