Planar sliding parallel type TENG and rotary parallel type TENG

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction nanometer power generation, in particular to a planar sliding parallel type TENG and a rotary parallel type TENG. According to the invention, a new design is carried out for the structure of the existing TENG, and friction materials with opposite polarities are added on vacancies among friction materials arranged in an original mode, so that the friction power generation output is improved; therefore, on the premise that the overall size is not increased, by alternately arranging the materials with opposite polarities on the friction surface, the space utilization rate of the TENG is increased, the friction area and the capacitance are increased, the doubled charge transfer amount can be obtained under the same motion condition, the friction generating capacity is increased, and the internal resistance of the TENG is reduced. The problem that the output electric quantity of an existing friction nanometer generator in a plane sliding mode is affected due to the fact that the space utilization rate is limited is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of friction nano power generation technology, and more specifically, to: 1. a planar sliding parallel TENG; 2. a rotating parallel TENG. Background Art

[0002] As global energy demand continues to grow, the exploration and utilization of renewable energy has become particularly important. As a new type of energy harvesting technology, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been widely studied for the conversion of renewable energy due to its high efficiency in harvesting low-frequency mechanical energy.

[0003] TENG has four basic modes: ① vertical contact-separation mode; ② horizontal sliding mode; ③ single-electrode mode; ④ independent layer mode.

[0004] For the horizontal sliding mode, the principle is as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure: two materials with different electronegativity (PTFE and Nylon) are slid relative to each other. Figure 1 From i to iv in the figure, the two materials go from a state of complete contact, a state of separation, a state of complete separation, and a state of re-contact. This relative sliding between the surfaces of the two materials will form mutual friction charges on the surfaces of the two materials, and the induced potential will drive the electrons on the top and bottom electrodes (Electrode) to flow, thereby generating current.

[0005] However, after analyzing the principle, the inventors found that in the existing horizontal sliding mode, there should be a gap between adjacent electrodes so that the electrodes are opposite to the gap when sliding out from the completely overlapped state (i.e. Figure 1 iii), so that the positive and negative charges induced on the electrodes can form a current between the electrodes. It is precisely because of this principle limitation that the space utilization is limited.

[0006] Therefore, in order to increase the power output of the existing horizontal sliding mode TENG, the conventional means is to increase the volume of TENG or array TENG. However, the former not only increases the manufacturing cost, but also increases the difficulty of maintenance, and puts forward higher requirements on the material and structural strength; the latter does not actually effectively increase the power generation of a single TENG. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a planar sliding parallel TENG and a rotating parallel TENG to address the problem that the output power of the existing horizontal sliding mode friction nanogenerator is affected by the limited space utilization.

[0008] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a planar sliding parallel TENG, which is connected in series with an external load R1 to form a loop.

[0010] The planar sliding parallel TENG includes: friction unit one and friction unit two.

[0011] The friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 are stacked in a first direction and can move relative to each other in a second direction under the action of an external force; wherein the first direction and the second direction are in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other.

[0012] The friction unit 1 includes: M negative polarity friction layers 1A 1,1 ~A 1,M , N positive polarity friction layers - B 1,1 ~B 1,N ; A 1,1 ~A 1,M , B 1,1 ~B 1,N The two layers are arranged in a staggered manner and have the same motion state; the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and the positive polarity friction layer 1 are arranged at an interval of ΔL along the second direction;

[0013] Among them, A 1,m A negative conductive layer C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 2. 1,m ; m∈[1,M];

[0014] B 1,n A positive conductive layer D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 2. 1,n ; n∈[1,N];

[0015] The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 1 and positive electrode conductive layer 1 are electrically isolated.

[0016] The friction unit 2 includes: M negative polarity friction layers 2 A 2,1 ~A 2,M 、N positive polarity friction layers B 2,1 ~B 2,N ; A 2,1 ~A 2,M , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The two adjacent negative-polarity friction layers and the positive-polarity friction layers are arranged in a staggered manner and in the same motion state; the adjacent negative-polarity friction layers and the positive-polarity friction layers are arranged at an interval of ΔL along the second direction;

[0017] Among them, A 2,m A negative conductive layer C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 1. 2,m ;

[0018] B 2,n A positive conductive layer D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 1. 2,n ;

[0019] The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 2 and positive electrode conductive layer 2 are electrically isolated.

[0020] All the negative conductive layers 1 and 2 are electrically connected and electrically connected to the first end of R1; all the positive conductive layers 1 and 2 are electrically connected and electrically connected to the second end of R1.

[0021] Among them, A 1,1 ~A 1,M , A 2,1 ~A 2,M The materials of B are the same; 1,1 ~B 1,N , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The materials are the same; A 1,1 The electronegativity of the material is greater than that of B 1,1 The electronegativity of the material is the basis for TENG to generate charge; 1,1 ~A 1,M , A 2,1 ~A 2,M , B 1,1 ~B 1,N , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The length along the second direction is L; 0<ΔL<L.

[0022] The realization of this planar sliding parallel TENG is based on the method or process of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a rotating parallel TENG, which is connected in series with an external load R2 to form a loop.

[0024] The rotary parallel TENG includes: friction unit three and friction unit four.

[0025] Friction unit three and friction unit four are stacked in the third direction and can move relative to each other in the fourth direction under the action of external force; wherein the third direction in the third plane is: coaxial with a virtual axis X; the fourth direction in the fourth plane is: rotating around the virtual axis X at the projection point O on the fourth plane; the third plane and the fourth plane are perpendicular to each other.

[0026] The friction unit 3 includes: P negative polarity friction layers 3A 3,1 ~A 3,P , P positive polarity friction layer three B 3,1 ~B 3,P ; A 3,1 ~A 3,P Evenly distributed around the projection point O in a petal-like shape; B 3,1 ~B 3,P Also around the projection point O in a petal-like uniform distribution; A3,1 ~A 3,P , B 3,1 ~B 3,P The midline of A passes through the projection point O; 3,1 ~A 3,P , B 3,1 ~B 3,P The two layers are arranged in a staggered manner and have the same motion state; the adjacent negative polarity friction layer three and the positive polarity friction layer three are arranged at an interval of Δd along the fourth direction;

[0027] Among them, A 3,p A negative electrode conductive layer C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 4. 3,p ; p∈[1,P];

[0028] B 3,p A positive conductive layer 3D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 4. 3,p ;

[0029] The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer three and positive electrode conductive layer four are electrically isolated.

[0030] The friction unit 4 includes: P negative polarity friction layers 4A 4,P ~A 4,P , P positive polarity friction layer four B 4,1 ~B 4,P ; A 4,1 ~A 4,P Evenly distributed around the projection point O in a petal-like shape; B 4,1 ~B 4,P Also around the projection point O in a petal-like uniform distribution; A 4,1 ~A 4,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The midline of A passes through the projection point O; 4,1 ~A 4,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The four adjacent negative polarity friction layers and the four adjacent positive polarity friction layers are arranged at an interval of Δd along the fourth direction;

[0031] Among them, A 4,p A negative conductive layer 4C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 3. 4,p ;

[0032] B 4,p A positive conductive layer 4D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 3. 4,p ;

[0033] The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer four and positive electrode conductive layer four are electrically isolated.

[0034] Among them, all the negative electrode conductive layers three and four are electrically connected and electrically connected to the first end of R2; the positive electrode conductive layers three and four are electrically connected and electrically connected to the second end of R2.

[0035] Among them, A 3,1 ~A 3,P , A 4,P ~A 4,P The materials of B are the same; 3,1 ~B 3,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The materials are the same; A 4,1 The electronegativity of the material is greater than that of B 4,1 Electronegativity of the material;

[0036] A 3,1 ~A 3,P , A 4,P ~A 4,P The size is the same, and its minimum width along the fourth direction is d min1 ;

[0037] B 3,1 ~B 3,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The size is the same, and its minimum width along the fourth direction is d min2 ;

[0038] 0<Δd<d min1 ; 0<Δd<d min2 .

[0039] The implementation of this rotary parallel TENG is based on the method or process of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The present invention has made a new design for the structure of the existing TENG, and added friction materials with opposite polarity to the vacancies between the friction materials arranged in the original manner to improve the triboelectric power generation output; in this way, without increasing the overall volume, by alternately arranging materials with opposite polarity on the friction surface, the space utilization rate of the TENG is increased, the friction area and capacitance are increased, and thus, under the same motion conditions, double the charge transfer amount can be obtained, thereby increasing the triboelectric power generation and reducing the internal resistance of the TENG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the working principle of a conventional horizontal sliding mode TENG in the background art;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the planar sliding parallel TENG proposed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the plane sliding parallel TENG in the working position 1;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the plane sliding parallel TENG in the second station;

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the plane sliding parallel TENG in the working position three;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the plane sliding parallel TENG in the working position 4;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the friction unit 3 and the friction unit 4 of the rotating parallel TENG proposed in Example 2 of the present invention when they are stacked;

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Top view of the friction unit 3;

[0051] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of

[0052] Fig.10 for Figure 7 Top view of the middle friction unit 4;

[0053] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary parallel TENG provided in Example 2 of the present invention when installed on the stator and the rotor;

[0054] Fig.12 This is a graph showing the experimental results of TENG power generation provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.13 This is a graph of the TENG power generation current experimental results provided in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "mounted on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it may be directly fixed on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] See also Figure 2 , this embodiment 1 discloses a planar sliding parallel TENG, which is connected in series with an external load R1 to form a loop. That is, the electricity generated by the planar sliding parallel TENG is supplied to R1.

[0061] According to the functional area, the planar sliding parallel TENG includes: friction unit one and friction unit two.

[0062] The friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 are stacked in a first direction and can move relative to each other in a second direction under the action of an external force; wherein the first direction and the second direction are in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other.

[0063] For ease of understanding, Figure 2 Take the directions as an example: the first direction is the vertical direction, and the second direction is the horizontal direction. Then the friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 can move relative to each other along the horizontal direction under the action of external force, that is, slide horizontally.

[0064] like Figure 2As shown, the friction unit 1 includes: M negative polarity friction layers 1 A 1,1 ~A 1,M , N positive polarity friction layers - B 1,1 ~B 1,N .

[0065] A 1,1 ~A 1,M , B 1,1 ~B 1,N Staggered settings, and the same motion state (i.e. synchronous movement or stop).

[0066] The adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and positive polarity friction layer 1 are arranged at an interval of ΔL along the second direction to avoid electrical connection between the two.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the friction unit 2 includes: M negative polarity friction layers 2 A 2,1 ~A 2,M 、N positive polarity friction layers B 2,1 ~B 2,N .

[0068] A 2,1 ~A 2,M , B 2,1 ~B 2,N Staggered settings, and the same motion state (i.e. synchronous movement or stop).

[0069] The adjacent negative-polarity friction layer 2 and the adjacent positive-polarity friction layer 2 are arranged at an interval of ΔL along the second direction to avoid electrical connection between the two.

[0070] In order to ensure the smooth separation of positive and negative charges, a conductive layer (including: M negative conductive layers C 1,1 ~C 1,M , N positive conductive layers - D 1,1 ~D 1,N ). 1,m A negative conductive layer C is disposed on the side facing away from the friction unit 2. 1,m ; m∈[1,M]; B 1,n A positive conductive layer D is disposed on the side facing away from the friction unit 2. 1,n ; n∈[1,N]. C 1,m With A 1,m Electrical conduction, D 1,n With B 1,n Electrical conduction, thus using C 1,m , D 1,n It should be noted that the adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 1 and positive electrode conductive layer 1 are electrically isolated. 1,1 ~C 1,Mis electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and is electrically connected to the first end of R1 (can be connected by a wire); D 1,1 ~D 1,N Electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and electrically connected to the second end of R1 (can be connected by a wire).

[0071] Similarly, the friction unit 2 is also provided with a conductive layer 2 (including: M negative conductive layers 2 C 2,1 ~C 2,M , N positive conductive layers D 2,1 ~D 2,N ): A 2,m A negative conductive layer C is disposed on the side facing away from the friction unit 1. 2,m ; B 2,n A positive conductive layer D is disposed on the side facing away from the friction unit 1. 2,n . C 2,m With A 2,m Electrical conduction, D 2,n With B 2,n Electrical conduction, thus using C 2,m , D 2,n It is important to note that the adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 2 and positive electrode conductive layer 2 are electrically isolated. 2,1 ~C 2,M is electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and is electrically connected to the first end of R1 (can be connected by a wire); D 2,1 ~D 2,N Electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and electrically connected to the second end of R1 (can be connected by a wire).

[0072] In this way, all the negative conductive layers 1 and 2 are electrically connected and electrically connected to the first end of R1; all the positive conductive layers 1 and 2 are electrically connected and electrically connected to the second end of R1.

[0073] Among them, A 1,1 ~A 1,M , A 2,1 ~A 2,M The materials of B are the same; 1,1 ~B 1,N , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The materials are the same; A 1,1 The electronegativity of the material is greater than that of B 1,1 The electronegativity of the material.

[0074] A 1,1 ~A 1,M , A 2,1 ~A 2,M, B 1,1 ~B 1,N , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The length along the second direction is L.

[0075] It should be emphasized that 0<ΔL<L. This is equivalent to adding friction materials with opposite polarity to the original vacant positions to improve space utilization and increase the friction area of ​​the total friction material; and the increase in friction area also leads to an increase in the area of ​​the capacitor plate, which increases the capacitance value of TENG and reduces the internal resistance of TENG.

[0076] The value of ΔL can be very small, close to 0, but not 0, and it should be ensured that the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and positive polarity friction layer 1 can be isolated from the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 2 and positive polarity friction layer 2. Considering the actual processing requirements, ΔL is generally set between L / 20 and L / 10.

[0077] Of course, when electrical isolation is only based on the gap of ΔL, if ΔL is very small, the material may easily stretch and cause the adjacent friction layers to contact. Therefore, Q isolation layers 1 may be added to the friction unit 1; Q = M + N. The isolation layer 1 is arranged between the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and the positive polarity friction layer 1, and is used to connect the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and the positive polarity friction layer 1 together and maintain electrical isolation. Similarly, Q isolation layers 2 may be added to the friction unit 2. The isolation layer 2 is arranged between the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 2 and the positive polarity friction layer 2, and is used to connect the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 2 and the positive polarity friction layer 2 together and maintain electrical isolation.

[0078] In addition, an insulating base layer 1 may be added to the friction unit 1, and the insulating base layer 1 is arranged on the side of the conductive layer 1 facing away from the friction unit 2, so as to 1,1 ~C 1,M , D 1,1 ~D 1,N Connected together (but kept electrically isolated) to support the conductive layer one.

[0079] Similarly, an insulating base layer 2 may be added to the friction unit 2, and the insulating base layer 2 is arranged on the side of the conductive layer 2 facing away from the friction unit 1, so as to 2,1 ~C 2,M , D 2,1 ~D 2,N Connected together (but kept electrically isolated) to support conductive layer 2.

[0080] In order to illustrate the working mode of the planar sliding parallel TENG proposed in Example 1, the following diagram is drawn with M=N=1: Figure 3 to Figure 6 Four workstations:

[0081] See also Figure 3 , the plane sliding parallel TENG is in station 1. B 2,1 With A 1,1 Stacking in the vertical direction (i.e., the first direction) and aligning the two ends; A 2,1 Located in A 1,1 Left side, the two do not touch; B 1,1 Located in B 2,1 On the right side, the two are not in contact; at this time, the positive and negative charges on the surfaces of the upper and lower friction layers are equal and completely neutralized, the potential difference across R1 is zero, and no current flows.

[0082] See also Figure 4 , keep friction unit 1 stationary, move friction unit 2 to the right (i.e. along the second direction), A 2.1 , C 2.1 , B 2.1 , D 2.1 Slide right together with the A below 1.1 , C 1.1 , B 1.1 , D 1.1 Gradually increase the facing area: B 2,1 Cross A 1,1 , B 1,1 The ΔL interval between the 1,1 Contact; A 1,1 Cross A 2,1 , B 2,1 The ΔL interval between the 2,1 Contact. D 1.1 , D 2.1 At the same time, an equal amount of negative charge is generated, and the amount of negative charge gradually increases; C 1.1 , C 2.1 At the same time, an equal amount of positive charge is generated, and the amount of positive charge gradually increases; C 1.1 , C 2.1 Right D 1.1 , D 2.1 A gradually increasing potential difference is generated, and a current I flows from the second end to the first end of R1 and gradually increases.

[0083] See also Figure 5 , B 2,1 With B 1,1 Stacking in the vertical direction (i.e., the first direction) and aligning the two ends; A 2,1 With A 1,1 The two ends of the stacked and aligned vertically (i.e., the first direction); 1.1 , C 2.1 Right D 1.1 , D 2.1 The maximum potential difference is generated and the current I reaches its maximum.

[0084] See also Figure 6 , keep the friction unit 1 stationary, and move the friction unit 2 to the left (i.e., in the opposite direction of the second direction); A 2.1 , C 2.1 , B 2.1 , D 2.1 Slide left together with the A below 1.1 , C 1.1 , B 1.1 , D 1.1 Gradually reduce the facing area. 1.1 , D 2.1 At the same time, an equal amount of negative charge is generated, and the amount of negative charge gradually decreases; C 1.1 , C 2.1 At the same time, an equal amount of positive charge is generated, and the amount of positive charge gradually decreases; C 1.1 , C 2.1 Right D 1.1 , D 2.1 The potential difference gradually decreases, and the current I gradually decreases; until the friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 return to Figure 3 status.

[0085] In summary, the original vacancies are filled by friction materials, which increases the space utilization rate (if ΔL is very small, the space utilization rate can be approximately doubled) compared with the original form, increases the friction area and capacitance, and reduces the internal resistance. Combined with the above process, the original vacancies can also generate charges, that is, under the same motion conditions, double the charge transfer amount can be obtained, which increases the current output and power generation.

[0086] The above describes the situation where the friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 move back and forth, and the cycle can generate a relatively stable current. Of course, if M and N are infinite, the second direction can be infinitely extended, then the friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 can also generate a relatively stable current by moving in one direction.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] For the planar sliding parallel TENG proposed in Example 1:

[0089] If the friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 move back and forth, there will be speed increase and speed decrease to ensure that the two can achieve Figure 3 to Figure 6 If the friction unit 1 and the friction unit 2 move in one direction, the premise is too ideal and difficult to achieve in practice.

[0090] Therefore, this embodiment 2 discloses a rotary parallel TENG, which is connected in series with an external load R2 (not shown) to form a loop. In other words, the electricity generated by the rotary parallel TENG is supplied to R2.

[0091] See also Figure 7 to Figure 9The design concept of the rotating parallel TENG draws on the planar sliding parallel TENG of Example 1, which includes: friction unit three and friction unit four.

[0092] The friction unit 3 and the friction unit 4 are stacked in the third direction and can move relative to each other in the fourth direction under the action of external force. The third direction in the third plane is: coaxial with a virtual axis X; the fourth direction in the fourth plane is: rotating around the virtual axis X at the projection point O of the fourth plane; the third plane and the fourth plane are perpendicular to each other.

[0093] For ease of understanding, Figure 7 For example, the third direction is Figure 7 The axial direction of the virtual axis X, the second direction is Figure 7 In the circumferential direction of the virtual axis X, the friction unit three and the friction unit four can move relative to each other around the virtual axis X under the action of external force, that is, they can rotate relative to each other.

[0094] like Figure 8 As shown, the friction unit 3 includes: P negative polarity friction layers 3 A 3,1 ~A 3,P , P positive polarity friction layer three B 3,1 ~B 3,P . Figure 8 Show the case where P is 10.

[0095] A 3,1 ~A 3,P Evenly distributed around the projection point O in a petal-like shape; B 3,1 ~B 3,P Also around the projection point O in a petal-like uniform distribution; A 3,1 ~A 3,P , B 3,1 ~B 3,P The midline of A passes through the projection point O; 3,1 ~A 3,P , B 3,1 ~B 3,P They are arranged in an interlaced manner and have the same motion state (i.e., synchronous rotation or stop).

[0096] It should be noted that, since it is A 3,1 ~A 3,P , B 3,1 ~B 3,P It is a petal-shaped uniform distribution, which is a strip-like structure with a large outer end (the end far away from the projection point O) and a small inner end (the end close to the projection point O), such as Figure 8 , Fig. 9 shown.

[0097] See also Fig. 9The adjacent negative polarity friction layer three and the positive polarity friction layer three are arranged with an interval of Δd along the fourth direction to avoid electrical connection between the two.

[0098] like Fig.10 As shown, the friction unit 2 includes: P negative polarity friction layers 4 A 4,P ~A 4,P , P positive polarity friction layer four B 4,1 ~B 4,P .

[0099] A 4,1 ~A 4,P Evenly distributed around the projection point O in a petal-like shape; B 4,1 ~B 4,P Also around the projection point O in a petal-like uniform distribution; A 4,1 ~A 4,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The midline of A passes through the projection point O; 4,1 ~A 4,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P They are arranged in an interlaced manner and have the same motion state (i.e., synchronous rotation or stop).

[0100] Similar to friction unit 3, since it is A 4,1 ~A 4,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P It is a petal-shaped uniform distribution, which is a strip-like structure with a large outer end (the end far away from the projection point O) and a small inner end (the end close to the projection point O), such as Fig.10 shown.

[0101] Similarly, the adjacent negative polarity friction layer four and the positive polarity friction layer four are arranged at an interval of Δd along the fourth direction to avoid electrical connection between the two.

[0102] In order to ensure the smooth separation of positive and negative charges, a conductive layer 3 (including: P negative conductive layer 3 C 3,1 ~C 3,P , P positive conductive layers three D 3,1 ~D 3,P ): A 3,p A negative conductive layer C is disposed on the side facing away from the friction unit 4. 3,p ; p∈[1,P]; B 3,p A positive conductive layer 3D is provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 3. 3,p . C 3,p With A 3,p Electrical conduction, D 3,p With B 3,p Electrical conduction, thus using C 3,p , D3,p It is important to note that the adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 3 and positive electrode conductive layer 3 are electrically isolated. 3,1 ~C 3,P is electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and is electrically connected to the first end of R2 (can be connected by a wire); D 3,1 ~D 3,P Electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and electrically connected to the second end of R2 (can be connected by a wire).

[0103] Similarly, the friction unit 4 is also provided with a conductive layer 4 (including: P negative conductive layers 4 C 4,1 ~C 4,P , P positive electrode conductive layer four D 4,1 ~D 4,P ): A 4,p A negative conductive layer 4C is provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 4. 4,p ; B 4,p A positive conductive layer 4D is provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 3. 4,p . C 4,p With A 4,p Electrical conduction, D 4,p With B 4,p Electrical conduction, thus using C 4,p , D 4,p It is important to note that the adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 4 and positive electrode conductive layer 4 are electrically isolated. 4,1 ~C 4,P is electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and is electrically connected to the first end of R2 (can be connected by a wire); D 4,1 ~D 4,P Electrically connected (can be connected by a wire), and electrically connected to the second end of R2 (can be connected by a wire).

[0104] In this way, all the negative electrode conductive layers three and four are electrically connected and electrically connected to the first end of R2; the positive electrode conductive layers three and four are electrically connected and electrically connected to the second end of R2.

[0105] Among them, A 3,1 ~A 3,P , A 4,P ~A 4,P , R2 can be connected through wires; B 3,1 ~B 3,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P , R2 can be connected through a wire.

[0106] Of course, in order to reduce the amount of wires, the friction unit 3 can be equipped with: negative polarity connection ring 3 and positive polarity connection ring 3. Negative polarity connection ring 3 is used to connect A 3,1 ~A 3,P The positive polarity connection ring 3 is used to connect B 3,1 ~B 3,P Connected into one.

[0107] Negative polarity connection ring three and positive polarity connection ring three can adopt the following two designs:

[0108] 1. Negative polarity connection ring three connection A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end close to the projection point O is set at intervals; the positive polarity connection ring is connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end away from the projection point O and connected to A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end away from the projection point O is set at intervals. Figure 8 , Fig. 9 That is, this design is shown.

[0109] 2. Negative polarity connection ring three connection A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end away from the projection point O and connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end away from the projection point O is set at intervals; the positive polarity connection ring is connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end close to the projection point O is set at intervals.

[0110] Similarly, the friction unit 4 can be additionally provided with: a negative polarity connection ring 4 and a positive polarity connection ring 4. The negative polarity connection ring 4 is used to connect A 4,1 ~A 4,P The positive polarity connection ring 4 is used to connect B 4,1 ~B 4,P Connected into one.

[0111] Negative polarity connecting ring 4 and positive polarity connecting ring 4 can adopt the following two designs:

[0112] 1. Negative polarity connection ring four connection A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,P The end close to the projection point O is set at intervals; the positive polarity connection ring is connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,PThe end away from the projection point O and connected to A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end away from the projection point O is set at intervals. Fig.10 That is, this design is shown.

[0113] 2. Negative polarity connection ring four connection A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end away from the projection point O and connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,P The end away from the projection point O is spaced apart; the positive polarity connection ring is connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end close to the projection point O is set at intervals.

[0114] A 3,1 ~A 3,P , A 4,P ~A 4,P The materials of B are the same; 3,1 ~B 3,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The materials are the same; A 4,1 The electronegativity of the material is greater than that of B 4,1 The electronegativity of the material.

[0115] See also Fig. 9 , A 3,1 ~A 3,P , A 4,P ~A 4,P The size is the same, and its minimum width along the fourth direction (the width of the end close to the projection point O) is d min1 .

[0116] See also Fig. 9 , B 3,1 ~B 3,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The size is the same, and its minimum width along the fourth direction (the width of the end close to the projection point O) is d min2 .

[0117] It should be emphasized that 0<Δd<d min1 ; 0<Δd<d min2 This is equivalent to adding friction material with opposite polarity to the original empty space to improve space utilization.

[0118] The value of Δd can be very small - close to 0, but not 0, and it should be ensured that the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1, positive polarity friction layer 1 and the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 2, positive polarity friction layer 2 can be isolated.

[0119] Of course, when electrical isolation is only based on the gap of Δd, if Δd is very small, the material may easily extend and cause the adjacent friction layers to contact. Therefore, an isolation layer three may be added to the friction unit three; the isolation layer three may be filled not only in the gap between the negative polarity friction layer three and the positive polarity friction layer three, but also in the gap between the negative polarity friction layer three and the positive polarity connecting ring three, and also in the gap between the positive polarity friction layer three and the negative polarity connecting ring three, to maintain electrical isolation. Similarly, an isolation layer four may be added to the friction unit four. The isolation layer four may be filled not only in the gap between the negative polarity friction layer four and the positive polarity friction layer four, but also in the gap between the negative polarity friction layer four and the positive polarity connecting ring four, and also in the gap between the positive polarity friction layer four and the negative polarity connecting ring four, to maintain electrical isolation.

[0120] In this way, as long as the friction unit 3 and the friction unit 4 generate relative rotation, it can be analogous to the cyclic change of the workstation 1 to the workstation 4 in Example 1. In this way, if the friction unit 3 and the friction unit 4 generate constant speed relative rotation, the output current amplitude will be very stable.

[0121] Therefore, the rotating parallel TENG has certain advantages over the planar sliding parallel TENG in practical applications.

[0122] Of course, the rotary parallel TENG can provide a more substantial design; see Fig.11 For example, a drive shaft, at least one stator, and at least one rotor are added; the rotor and the stator are matched. The drive shaft runs through the stator and the rotor; the drive shaft is coaxial with the virtual axis X; the rotor rotates with the drive shaft as a whole, and the stator does not rotate with the drive shaft.

[0123] The friction unit 3 can be arranged on the stator, and the friction unit 4 can be arranged on the rotor. The two can also be reversed, that is, the friction unit 3 is arranged on the rotor, and the friction unit 4 is arranged on the stator.

[0124] The drive shaft is used to receive external force to achieve rotation: for example, using some conversion structures (fans, hoods, cranks, etc.) to convert wind energy and ocean energy into external force on the drive shaft. In this way, the use of new energy to drive TENG to generate electricity is realized.

[0125] Of course, considering the above application scenarios, it is also possible to add: a housing. A waterproof space is formed inside the housing for placing the rotating parallel TENG. The drive shaft extends out of the housing and is connected to a drive member; the drive member is used to apply external force to the drive shaft. The conversion structure can be installed on the drive member to achieve external force on the drive shaft.

[0126] In summary, this Example 2 not only proposes a rotary parallel TENG, but also gives a specific usage scenario of the rotary parallel TENG, providing a new solution for the collection and utilization of new energy.

[0127] Simulation comparison

[0128] In order to illustrate the advantages of the present invention, this embodiment 2 conducted a power generation experiment on the rotating parallel TENG (referred to as the patent structure) and compared it with the rotating TENG with a vacant space (referred to as the traditional TENG). The results are as follows: Fig.12 , Fig.13 shown.

[0129] See also Fig.12 It can be seen that the amount of charge transferred by the patented structure is more than the amount of charge transferred by the traditional TENG - that is, the amount of charge transferred by the friction material added to the vacancies of the traditional TENG, so that the power generation of the patented structure can reach nearly twice that of the traditional TENG.

[0130] See also Fig.13 It can be seen that the current of the patented structure is a part of the current output by the traditional TENG, that is, the current output by the friction material added to the vacancies of the traditional TENG, which makes the power generation current of the patented structure reach nearly twice that of the traditional TENG.

[0131] In summary, the rationality and superiority of the design of the present invention have been verified.

[0132] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0133] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A planar sliding parallel TENG, which is connected in series with an external load R1 to form a loop, characterized in that: It includes: Friction unit 1 and friction unit 2; the friction unit 1 and friction unit 2 are stacked in a first direction and can move relative to each other in a second direction under the action of an external force; wherein the first direction and the second direction are in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other; The friction unit 1 includes: M negative polarity friction layers 1A 1,1 ~A 1,M , N positive polarity friction layers - B 1,1 ~B 1,N ; A 1,1 ~A 1,M , B 1,1 ~B 1,N The two layers are arranged in a staggered manner and have the same motion state; the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and the positive polarity friction layer 1 are arranged at an interval of ΔL along the second direction; Among them, A 1,m A negative conductive layer C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 2. 1,m ; m∈[1,M]; B 1,n A positive conductive layer D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 2. 1,n ; n∈[1,N]; The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 1 and positive electrode conductive layer 1 are electrically isolated; The friction unit 2 includes: M negative polarity friction layers 2 A 2,1 ~A 2,M 、N positive polarity friction layers B 2,1 ~B 2,N ; A 2,1 ~A 2,M , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The two adjacent negative-polarity friction layers and the positive-polarity friction layers are arranged in a staggered manner and in the same motion state; the adjacent negative-polarity friction layers and the positive-polarity friction layers are arranged at an interval of ΔL along the second direction; Among them, A 2,m A negative conductive layer C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 1. 2,m ; B 2,n A positive conductive layer D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 1. 2,n ; The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 2 and positive electrode conductive layer 2 are electrically isolated; Among them, all the negative conductive layers 1 and 2 are electrically connected and electrically connected to the first end of R1; all the positive conductive layers 1 and 2 are electrically connected and electrically connected to the second end of R1; Among them, A 1,1 ~A 1,M , A 2,1 ~A 2,M The materials of B are the same; 1,1 ~B 1,N , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The materials are the same; A 1,1 The electronegativity of the material is greater than that of B 1,1 Electronegativity of the material; A 1,1 ~A 1,M , A 2,1 ~A 2,M , B 1,1 ~B 1,N , B 2,1 ~B 2,N The length along the second direction is L; 0<ΔL<L.

2. The planar sliding parallel TENG according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction unit 1 also includes: an insulating base layer 1; The insulating base layer 1 is arranged on the side of the friction unit 1 facing away from the friction unit 2, and is used to 1,1 ~A 1,M , B 1,1 ~B 1,N Connected together.

3. The planar sliding parallel TENG according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction unit 1 also includes: Q isolation layers 1; Q=M+N; the isolation layer 1 is arranged between adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and positive polarity friction layer 1, and is used to connect the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 1 and positive polarity friction layer 1 together and maintain electrical isolation.

4. The planar sliding parallel TENG according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction unit 2 further comprises: an insulating base layer 2; The insulating base layer 2 is arranged on the side of the friction unit 2 facing away from the friction unit 1, and is used to 2,1 ~A 2,M , B 2,1 ~B 2,N Connected together.

5. The planar sliding parallel TENG according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction unit 2 also includes: Q isolation layers 2; Q=M+N; the isolation layer 2 is arranged between the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 2 and the positive polarity friction layer 2, and is used to connect the adjacent negative polarity friction layer 2 and the positive polarity friction layer 2 together and maintain electrical isolation.

6. A rotary parallel TENG, which is connected in series with an external load R2 to form a loop, characterized in that: It includes: Friction unit 3 and friction unit 4; the friction unit 3 and friction unit 4 are stacked in the third direction and can move relative to each other in the fourth direction under the action of external force; wherein the third direction in the third plane is: coaxial with a virtual axis X; the fourth direction in the fourth plane is: rotating around the virtual axis X at the projection point O of the fourth plane; the third plane and the fourth plane are perpendicular to each other; The friction unit 3 includes: P negative polarity friction layers 3 A 3,1 ~A 3,P , P positive polarity friction layer three B 3,1 ~B 3,P ; A 3,1 ~A 3,P Evenly distributed around the projection point O in a petal-like shape; B 3,1 ~B 3,P Also around the projection point O in a petal-like uniform distribution; A 3,1 ~A 3,P , B 3,1 ~B 3,P The midline of A passes through the projection point O; 3,1 ~A 3,P , B 3,1 ~B 3,P The three adjacent negative polarity friction layers and the three adjacent positive polarity friction layers are arranged at an interval of Δd along the fourth direction; Among them, A 3,p A negative electrode conductive layer C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 4. 3,p ; p∈[1,P]; B 3,p A positive conductive layer 3D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 4. 3,p ; The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 3 and positive electrode conductive layer 4 are electrically isolated; The friction unit 4 includes: P negative polarity friction layers 4A 4,P ~A 4,P , P positive polarity friction layer four B 4,1 ~B 4,P ; A 4,1 ~A 4,P Evenly distributed around the projection point O in a petal-like shape; B 4,1 ~B 4,P Also around the projection point O in a petal-like uniform distribution; A 4,1 ~A 4,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The midline of A passes through the projection point O; 4,1 ~A 4,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The four adjacent negative polarity friction layers and the four adjacent positive polarity friction layers are arranged at an interval of Δd along the fourth direction; Among them, A 4,p A negative conductive layer 4C is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 3. 4,p ; B 4,p A positive conductive layer 4D is also provided on the side facing away from the friction unit 3. 4,p ; The adjacent negative electrode conductive layer 4 and positive electrode conductive layer 4 are electrically isolated; Among them, all the negative electrode conductive layers three and four are electrically connected and electrically connected to the first end of R2; the positive electrode conductive layers three and four are electrically connected and electrically connected to the second end of R2; Among them, A 3,1 ~A 3,P , A 4,P ~A 4,P The materials of B are the same; 3,1 ~B 3,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The materials are the same; A 4,1 The electronegativity of the material is greater than that of B 4,1 Electronegativity of the material; A 3,1 ~A 3,P , A 4,P ~A 4,P The size is the same, and its minimum width along the fourth direction is d min1 ; B 3,1 ~B 3,P , B 4,1 ~B 4,P The size is the same, and its minimum width along the fourth direction is d min2 ; 0<Δd<d min1 ;0<Δd<d min2 。 7. The rotary parallel TENG according to claim 6, characterized in that: The friction unit three also includes: The negative polarity is connected to ring three, which is used to connect A 3,1 ~A 3,P connected as one; and The positive polarity is connected to ring three, which is used to connect B 3,1 ~B 3,P connected into one; Wherein, the negative polarity connecting ring three connects A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end close to the projection point O is spaced apart; the positive polarity connecting ring is connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end away from the projection point O and connected to A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end away from the projection point O is set at intervals; Or, the negative polarity connecting ring three connecting A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end away from the projection point O and connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end away from the projection point O is spaced apart; the positive polarity connecting ring is connected to B 3,1 ~B 3,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to A 3,1 ~A 3,P The end close to the projection point O is set at intervals.

8. The rotary parallel TENG according to claim 6, characterized in that: The friction unit 4 also includes: Negative polarity connection ring four, which is used to connect A 4,1 ~A 4,P connected as one; and The positive polarity is connected to ring four, which is used to connect B 4,1 ~B 4,P connected into one; Wherein, the negative polarity connecting ring four connects A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,P The end close to the projection point O is spaced apart; the positive polarity connecting ring is connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,P The end away from the projection point O and connected to A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end away from the projection point O is set at intervals; Or, the negative polarity connecting ring four connecting A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end away from the projection point O and connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,P The end away from the projection point O is spaced apart; the positive polarity connecting ring is connected to B 4,1 ~B 4,P The end close to the projection point O and connected to A 4,1 ~A 4,P The end close to the projection point O is set at intervals.

9. The rotary parallel TENG according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: drive shaft, at least 1 stator, at least 1 rotor; The rotor and the stator are arranged in a matching manner, and the drive shaft passes through the stator and the rotor; wherein the drive shaft is coaxial with the virtual axis X; the rotor and the drive shaft rotate integrally, and the stator does not rotate with the drive shaft; the drive shaft is used to receive external force to realize rotation; The friction unit 3 is arranged on the stator, and the friction unit 4 is arranged on the rotor; Alternatively, the friction unit three is arranged on the rotor, and the friction unit four is arranged on the stator.

10. The rotary parallel TENG according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: shell; A waterproof space is formed inside the shell for accommodating the rotary parallel TENG; the driving shaft extends out of the shell and is connected to a driving member; The driving member is used to apply external force to the driving shaft.

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