Drainage object, drainage device, method for producing drainage object, and concrete object

Abstract

The invention relates to a drainage body, in particular a trench (10), having at least one drainage body (11) which is formed in one piece from a mortar / concrete mixture (GM), the drainage body (11) having at least one first region (12) which is filled with the mortar / concrete mixture (GM), wherein the drainage body (11) has at least one second region (14) with a fine structure (15), which second region is filled with a mortar portion (MA) of the mixture (GM) in order to form the fine structure (15), and wherein at least one transition section (16) is provided between the two regions (12, 14), the transition section separates at least a concrete portion (BA) of the mixture (GM) in the first region (12) from a mortar portion (MA) in the second region (14).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a drainage object, a drainage device, a method for producing a drainage object and a concrete object. A drainage object according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, for example, from JP H 11 291 231 A. Background Art

[0002] Drainage objects for draining surface water, for example in the form of trenches, inflow boxes, wells, etc., can be produced in different ways. Such objects can be formed, for example, from metal materials. However, it is usually expedient to produce the drainage objects from a casting material, wherein the casting material is poured into a mold. This produces a very stable casting body. Concrete materials are usually used as casting materials.

[0003] This is the case, for example, in JP H 11 291 231A mentioned at the outset, in which a U-shaped groove is formed by precast concrete. During production, the precast concrete is filled from above into a formwork that describes the U-shaped groove. The cement clay mass in the precast concrete tends to adhere to the molding surface on the inner side of the groove due to its viscosity. As a result, a cement-rich, less sandy mortar layer is formed along the molding surface. As a result, the surface of the inner side of the U-shaped groove is covered with the mortar layer and forms a smooth surface.

[0004] Furthermore, EP 0 009 056 A1 discloses a tubular component which is formed using concrete mortar. When producing the component, the concrete mortar is poured from above into a casting mold and compacted by means of vibration or sand shaking.

[0005] Another example of a drainage element made of concrete is described in DE 20 2016 105 078 U1, in which the drainage element uses a cover such as a trough element. The drainage element has a plurality of longitudinally extending webs, between which drainage openings are formed.

[0006] For example, as described above, drainage objects usually have fine structures with a small wall thickness. Such fine structures can be connections for pipes, projections, latching recesses, etc. However, these can only be produced with difficulty in the required quality. Therefore, the person skilled in the art believes in practice that the wall thickness of the structure to be formed should usually be three times greater than the maximum grain size of the concrete material. This has the disadvantage, among other things, that when using coarse-grained concrete material, the fine structures must be dimensioned with a correspondingly large wall thickness. Otherwise, during production, the fine structures are only inadequately filled with concrete material, which results in an uneven and rough contour of the fine structures. In addition, the fine structures have reduced stability as a result. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a drainage object with at least one fine structure, which has increased stability and improved surface quality. In addition, the invention is based on the object of providing a drainage device, a method for producing a drainage object and a concrete object.

[0008] According to the invention, this object is achieved with respect to the drainage object by the subject matter of claim 1 or claim 10, respectively. With respect to the drainage device, method and concrete object, this object is achieved with respect to the subject matter of claim 12 (device), claim 13 (method) and claim 17 (concrete object).

[0009] The object is achieved in particular by a drainage object, in particular a trench, having at least one drainage body, which is formed in one piece from a mortar / concrete mixture. The drainage body has at least one first region, which is filled with a mortar / concrete mixture. The drainage body has at least one second region with a fine structure, which is filled with a mortar portion of the mixture to form the fine structure, wherein at least one transition section is provided between the two regions, which separates at least the concrete portion of the mixture in the first region from the mortar portion in the second region.

[0010] A basic idea of ​​the invention is that the second region of the drainage body and thus the fine structure is formed by a mortar part of the mortar / concrete mixture. This has the advantage that, in contrast to the first region of the drainage body, the fine structure has a finer material structure. Advantageously, the fine structure is almost completely filled with the mortar part of the mixture. The fine structure therefore has only few or no shrinkage cavities and thus has an improved surface quality. It is particularly advantageous if the fine structure comprises at least one functional surface, which should be particularly smooth. In addition, the fine structure has an improved stability. Preferably, the material of the mortar part is evenly distributed in the fine structure. The drainage body preferably has a plurality of second regions, which have at least one fine structure.

[0011] It is known from the prior art that concrete materials have a fraction which has larger particles than mortar materials. In other words, concrete materials are coarser-grained than mortar materials, so that finer, that is to say smaller, structures can be produced with the aid of mortar materials. In principle, every concrete material can have a mortar fraction. However, components produced from concrete materials are usually designed such that the wall thickness of the component is generally substantially three times greater than the largest particle of the concrete material. This has the disadvantage that fine structures can only be produced with poor quality and reduced stability, or even not at all.

[0012] Therefore, in the drainage object according to the invention, it is advantageous that the drainage body is formed by a mixture of mortar and concrete. Here, the drainage body is formed in one piece. In other words, the drainage body is formed in an integral manner.

[0013] According to the invention, the mixture has at least one concrete part and at least one mortar part, which are mixed with each other. Thus, the mortar / concrete mixture is a dual material with at least one concrete component and at least one mortar component. The concrete part and the mortar part preferably comprise at least one binder, at least one granular material as a mineral additive and water. For example, the binder can be cement, lime, gypsum, clay, synthetic resin and / or lime cement. Sand and / or gravel can be used as mineral additives. Other binders or additives are possible. It is also possible to use polymer concrete for the mortar / concrete mixture.

[0014] The concrete part preferably comprises, in addition to the granular material of the mortar part, further granular material having a larger particle size than the granular material of the mortar part. Alternatively, it is possible that the further granular material of the concrete part is identical to the granular material of the mortar part, but at least comprises a larger particle size.

[0015] The concrete part preferably additionally has the granular material of the mortar part. In other words, the concrete part preferably has all the components of the mortar part except for the further granular material of a larger particle size. Or in other words, the concrete part has the same granular material as the mortar part, wherein the concrete part additionally comprises at least one further, in particular larger, granular material, the particle size of which is greater than the in particular largest particle size of the granular material of the mortar part. The further granular material can be the same mineral additive as the mineral additive of the mortar part, or a further mineral additive.

[0016] According to the invention, the first region and the second region of the drainage body differ in that the first region is formed by a mortar / concrete mixture, i.e. by a concrete portion and a mortar portion, and the second region consists of a mortar portion. Particularly preferably, the second region consists only of the mortar portion of the mortar / concrete mixture. Or in other words, the fine structure is preferably formed only by the mortar portion of the mixture. The drainage body preferably has a greater wall thickness in the first region than in the second region. In other words, preferably, the fine structure has a smaller wall thickness than the wall thickness in the first region. The first region preferably comprises a coarse structure, i.e. at least one section having a greater wall thickness than the fine structure.

[0017] The first region can form, for example, a matrix, in particular a base, of a drainage object. In particular, the matrix can include at least one guide region for draining liquid, for example water. It is possible that the first region includes a groove structure. Alternatively or additionally, the first region can be a matrix of an inflow box or a well. Other matrices of the drainage object are possible.

[0018] Within the scope of the present invention, a fine structure is to be understood as a structurally formed shape which preferably has at least one wall thickness which is smaller than the shape of the drainage body in the first region. In the second region, the fine structure preferably comprises a thin-walled shape. The fine structure is preferably at least one contour protruding from the drainage body. Preferably, the fine structure forms at least one thin-walled contour. The fine structure can have functional surfaces, in particular contact surfaces and / or sealing surfaces. The fine structure preferably has a smooth outer contour.

[0019] The fine structure is preferably a functional element of the drainage body. The fine structure, in particular the functional element, can have at least one protrusion and / or at least one tab. Alternatively or additionally, the fine structure, in particular the functional element, can include at least one groove frame and / or at least one latching recess and / or at least one connecting protrusion for connecting two adjacent drainage bodies.

[0020] The transition section is arranged between the first area and the second area. In other words, the transition section is located between the first area and the second area. The transition section forms the area in which the first area of ​​the drainage body transitions into the fine structure. The transition section is preferably a plane located between the two areas. In the transition section, the concrete part is separated from the mortar part. In other words, on one side of the first area, the mortar / concrete mixture adjoins the transition section, and on one side of the fine structure, only the mortar part of the mixture adjoins the transition section. Or in other words, the transition section is a separation of the mortar / concrete mixture in the first area from the mortar part of the mixture of the fine structure.

[0021] Alternatively, it is possible that the transition section can be a volume region into which particles of a larger-grained further granular material of the concrete part protrude on one side of the first region. The remaining volume of the volume region is filled by the second region, in particular the finely structured mortar portion. Preferably, the volume region is substantially completely filled by the finely structured mortar portion. It is therefore possible that the transition section can be at least partially a part of the second region, i.e., the fine structure.

[0022] The transition section is preferably arranged at the base of the fine structure. The transition section preferably forms a transition from the greater wall thickness of the first region to the smaller wall thickness of the fine structure.

[0023] The drainage object is preferably a groove for draining the surface. Alternatively, the drainage object can also be part of an inflow box for point drainage. Alternatively, the drainage object can be arranged as part of a well. Generally, the drainage object is used as a separate component or as a component of a drainage device for conducting surface water. Alternatively, it is possible that the drainage object is used as part of an inlet well. Other fields of application are possible.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the mortar part and the concrete part of the mixture comprise at least one bonding granular material. As described above, the bonding granular material of the concrete part of the mixture and of the mortar part is the same granular material, wherein the concrete part preferably contains a further granular material with a larger particle size. Preferably, the maximum particle size of the granular material of the mortar part is smaller than the further granular material of the concrete part or the minimum particle size of the further granular material. In other words, the concrete part comprises a further, in particular larger granular material, the particle size of which is greater than the particle size of the granular material of the mortar part. Particularly preferably, the particle size of the granular material of the concrete part is greater than the particle size of the total granular material of the mortar part. Furthermore, the fine structure is preferably free of particles of the further granular material of the concrete part. In the described embodiment, the concrete part has two granular materials with different maximum particle sizes.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment, the fine structure has at least one wall thickness and at least one depth, the ratio of which is less than or equal to 1 to 1. The embodiment relates to the cross-section of the fine structure. In other words, the fine structure has a length protruding from the drainage body, which is greater than or equal to the wall thickness of the fine structure. The depth or length of the fine structure is to be understood as being in the longitudinal direction of the fine structure, i.e. in the extension direction. In the embodiment, due to the depth or length of the fine structure, the fine structure forms a protruding element or a protruding shape. It is advantageous here that the fine structure is large enough so that a sufficiently large number of mortar parts can form the fine structure. This reduces shrinkage cavities when manufacturing the object and thus improves the surface quality. Likewise, the fine structure is thus stably constructed.

[0026] Preferably, the fine structure and / or the transition section has at least one constriction, in particular a narrowed wall thickness. In other words, the transition section and / or the fine structure can include a material constriction. Preferably, the constriction, in particular the narrowed wall thickness, is smaller than the minimum grain size of the other granular material of the concrete part. This enables a clear separation of the mortar / concrete mixture of the first region of the drainage body from the fine structure.

[0027] It is further preferred that the transition section at least in sections has a wall thickness which is smaller than the minimum grain size of the further, in particular larger, granular material in the concrete part. Additionally or alternatively, the wall thickness of the fine structure is / is smaller than the minimum grain size of the further granular material in the concrete part. In other words, the fine structure preferably comprises the granular material of the mortar part, wherein the further granular material of the concrete part is absent. Advantageously, a smooth surface of the fine structure is formed, wherein the fine structure itself has an increased stability due to the material structure which is almost free of shrinkage cavities.

[0028] The first region preferably has a wall thickness at least partially, which is greater than the particle size, in particular the maximum particle size, of the other, in particular larger, granular material in the concrete part. The first region is formed by a mortar / concrete mixture. Thus, the first region forms a coarse structure adjacent to the fine structure. The first region preferably comprises a wall thickness, which is greater than the wall thickness of the fine structure and / or the transition section. By means of a coarse material structure compared to the fine structure, the first region of the drainage body is designed to be stable.

[0029] Preferably, the minimum particle size of the further, in particular larger, granular material of the concrete part is greater than or equal to 2 mm, in particular from 2 mm to 32 mm. It is possible that the further granular material of the concrete part has particles with different particle sizes greater than or equal to 2 mm. In this embodiment, it is important that at least the smallest particle of the granular material of the concrete part is at least 2 mm large. It is possible that the minimum particle size of the further granular material of the concrete part is 4 mm to 20 mm, in particular 4 mm to 10 mm, preferably 4 mm to 8 mm. This achieves that during production, the particles of the further granular material of the concrete part do not fill the fine structure, but only the mortar part with its smaller granular material fills the fine structure.

[0030] It is further preferred that the maximum particle size of the granular material of the mortar part is less than or equal to 2 mm. In other words, the maximum particle size of the granular material of the mortar part is at most 2 mm. That is, on the contrary, the granular material can also include particles with a particle size between 0 mm and 2 mm. Thus, during production, only the mortar part with its fine granular material fills the fine structure.

[0031] The wall thickness of the transition section, in particular the wall thickness of the narrow part and / or the fine structure is preferably smaller than the particle size of the granular material of the concrete part. The wall thickness of the transition section, in particular the wall thickness of the narrow part and / or the fine structure can be smaller than the minimum particle size of the other granular material of the concrete part. The wall thickness of the transition section, in particular the wall thickness of the narrow part and / or the fine structure can be up to 12 mm. The wall thickness of the transition section, in particular the wall thickness of the narrow part and / or the fine structure is preferably a maximum of 4 mm, particularly preferably a maximum of 2 mm, in particular a maximum of 1.8 mm, preferably a maximum of 1.6 mm.

[0032] It is possible that the wall thickness of the transition section, in particular the wall thickness of the narrow point and / or the fine structure is at most 1.5 mm, in particular at most 1.2 mm or at most 1.0 mm. It is important here that the particle size of the granular material of the concrete part is greater than the wall thickness of the fine structure and / or the transition section, in particular the wall thickness of the narrow point. In this case, the particle size of the concrete part can be the (smallest) particle size of another (larger) granular material of the concrete part.

[0033] According to a parallel aspect, the invention relates to a drainage object, in particular a groove, which has at least one drainage body, which is formed in one piece from a mortar / concrete mixture, wherein the drainage body has at least one guide area for draining liquid, in particular water. The guide area comprises at least one surface segment, which at least in sections has a mean roughness value R a Surface roughness less than or equal to 0.7μm.

[0034] Thus, the drainage object has a very high surface quality, especially in the guide area for draining the liquid. Thus, during use, the adhesion of dirt and thus sediment is prevented or at least significantly reduced. In the case of a groove, the surface section can be, for example, a part of the groove bottom.

[0035] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the surface section of the guide region has at least in sections an average roughness value R a Surface roughness of less than or equal to 0.4 μm, in particular a maximum of 0.2 μm. This improves the fluidity of the liquid on the one hand and further reduces the risk of deposits on the other hand. In addition, the service life of the drainage element is increased as a result of the smooth surface, which reduces the potential for attack and thus reduces tearing or flaking.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment, the drainage body additionally has at least one outer surface, in particular a plurality of outer surfaces, which have a mean roughness value R a The surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.7 μm. The outer surface is smooth, thereby providing an aesthetic appearance of the drainage body.

[0037] Preferably, the face segments and / or the outer surface of the guide region have an average roughness value R a The surface roughness is 0 μm to 0.7 μm, in particular 0 μm to 0.6 μm, preferably 0 μm to 0.5 μm. It is possible that the surface section and / or the outer surface of the guide region has an average roughness value R a 0 μm to 0.4 μm, in particular 0 μm to 0.3 μm. Alternatively, it is possible that the surface section and / or the outer surface of the guide region can have an average roughness value R a The surface roughness is 0 μm to 0.2 μm, in particular approximately 0.1 μm.

[0038] It is also possible that the groove body, for example the upper side of a one-piece groove, in particular the upper edge, or in the case of a groove with at least one one-piece frame, has a surface with a surface quality with an average roughness value of less than 0.4 μm, preferably a maximum of 0.2 μm. Advantageously, fewer contaminants can accumulate on such a smooth surface.

[0039] According to a further, parallel aspect, the invention relates to a drainage device having at least one drainage object according to one of the above-mentioned types.

[0040] According to another parallel aspect, the invention relates to a method for producing a drainage object, in particular a trench, by means of at least one mold for forming a drainage object. The mold has at least one first region, at least one second region with a fine structure and a retaining region located therebetween. In the method according to the invention, a mortar / concrete mixture is provided and filled into the mold, wherein the mortar / concrete mixture fills the first region of the mold and the retaining region retains the concrete part of the mixture so that the mortar part of the mixture fills the second region of the mold for forming the fine structure. In other words, the fine structure is formed by the mortar part of the mixture.

[0041] The method according to the invention is preferably used to manufacture one of the drainage objects according to the invention. Alternatively, the method according to the invention can be used to manufacture concrete objects, in particular light wells, shoe removal troughs, separators, pumping stations and / or lifting facilities, etc.

[0042] The arresting region serves to form a transition section of the drainage object. The arresting region determines the wall thickness of the transition section. The arresting region preferably has a maximum channel width which is smaller than the minimum grain size of the further granular material of the concrete part. In other words, preferably, the arresting region has a maximum channel width which is greater than or equal to the maximum grain size of the granular material of the mortar part. The arresting region forms a negative mold for the transition section of the drainage body. When the mold is filled with the mortar / concrete mixture, the arresting region holds back the larger particles of the further granular material of the concrete part, so that only the fine-grained mortar part flows into the second region and fills it.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the spatial distribution of the mortar part and / or the concrete part of the mixture in the mold is carried out by the blocking area. In other words, the blocking area is preferably configured so that the blocking area allows the mortar part to pass through and the concrete part is completely retained in the first area.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the retaining region has at least one constriction, so that during the filling process the mortar part of the mixture passes through and retains at least the concrete part of the mixture.

[0045] In one embodiment, the retaining region has at least one screening material and / or at least one filter material, so that during the filling process the mortar part of the mixture passes through and at least retains the concrete part of the mixture. This makes it possible to achieve a wall thickness of the fine structure that retains a minimum particle size of the further granular material of the concrete part, while the fine structure is only filled by the mortar part.

[0046] For the dimensions of the blocking area and the shapes in the area of ​​the fine structure, reference is made to the aforementioned dimensions, in particular the numerical areas concerning the transition section and the fine structure of the drainage body. Since the mold preferably depicts the negative of the drainage body, it preferably has the described internal dimensions accordingly.

[0047] According to another parallel aspect, the invention relates to a concrete object for underground construction, high-rise construction, garden and landscape architecture, wastewater treatment and / or household technology, which has at least one base body formed in one piece from a mortar / concrete mixture. The base body has at least one first region, which is filled with a mortar / concrete mixture. The base body also has at least one second region with a fine structure, which is filled with a mortar portion of the mixture to form the fine structure, wherein at least one transition section is provided between the two regions, which separates at least the concrete portion of the mixture in the first region from the mortar portion in the second region.

[0048] The concrete object may have one or more features of the previously described preferred embodiments of the drainage object. In particular, the base of the concrete object may have one or more features of the previously described preferred embodiments of the drainage body of the drainage object. In general, the first region, the second region with the fine structure and the transition section of the concrete object may have one or more features of the previously described preferred embodiments of the drainage body of the drainage object. The same applies to the mortar / concrete mixture.

[0049] The concrete object is for example at least a part of a light well, a shoe removal trough, a separator, a pump station and / or a lifting arrangement. Other concrete objects are also feasible.

[0050] For further advantages of the drainage device, the method and the concrete object, reference is made to the advantages explained in conjunction with the drainage object. Furthermore, the drainage device, the method and the concrete object may alternatively or additionally have individual features or a combination of multiple features mentioned above in relation to the drainage object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The invention will be explained in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The illustrated embodiment is a schematic example of how a drainage object according to the invention may be designed.

[0052] In the drawings, it is shown that

[0053] Figure 1a A top view showing a drainage object according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 1b Show according to Figure 1a The end side of the drainage object;

[0055] Figure 2 A detail view showing a longitudinal section of the drainage object according to FIG. 1 ; and

[0056] Figure 3 The water drainage object according to FIG. 1 is shown schematically in cross section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for identical and identically acting parts.

[0058] Figure 1aA top view of a drainage object according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown. Specifically, the drainage object is a groove 10 for draining water from a surface. The groove 10 has a drainage body 11, which is referred to as the groove body 11 in the following. The groove body 11 is constructed in one piece. In other words, the groove body 11 is constructed in one piece. The groove body 11 is composed of a hardened mortar / concrete mixture GM. The manufacturing method of the groove body 11 will be discussed in detail later.

[0059] The groove body 11 is of elongated design. The groove body 11 comprises a groove bottom 27, which forms the base of the groove body 11. In addition, the groove body 11 has two side walls 28 which are formed opposite to each other and which protrude from the groove bottom 27, in particular substantially vertically. Specifically, the side walls 28 are formed upright on the groove bottom 27 in the installed position. The groove bottom 27 and the side walls 28 extend in the longitudinal direction of the groove body 11. The groove bottom 27 and the side walls 28 are one-piece.

[0060] exist Figure 1b As can be seen in the figure, the side walls 28 each have a shoulder 31, in particular a frame, on their upper side 29 for receiving, for example, a gutter cover. The shoulder 31, in particular the frame, can be part of an attachment or part of an integral gutter body 11. Alternatively, it is possible that the gutter body 11 comprises a gutter cover section which is formed integrally with the gutter bottom 27 and the side walls 28 and which connects the two upper sides 29 of the side walls 28 to one another. The gutter cover and the gutter cover section preferably comprise a through-opening so that the surface water to be discharged can flow into the gutter 10.

[0061] according to Figure 1a and Figure 1b , the groove 10 has a guide area 25 for conducting surface water. The guide area 25 is located between two side walls 28 and is bounded at the bottom by a groove bottom 27. In other words, the groove bottom 27 and the two side walls 28 bound the guide area 25. The guide area 25 extends over the entire length of the groove body 11. The guide area 25 includes a groove bottom 32 and an inner side 33 of each of the side walls 28. Figure 3 As can be seen, the guide region 25 has a plurality of face segments 26, 34, 35 having different surface qualities, as will be discussed in more detail below.

[0062] The groove body 11 of the groove 10 has a first area 12, which is completely filled with a mortar / concrete mixture GM. In addition, the groove body 11 has a plurality of second areas 14, which are filled only with a mortar portion MA of the mortar / concrete mixture GM. In other words, the first area 12 is composed of hardened mortar / concrete mixture GM, and the second area 14 is composed of hardened mortar portion MA of the mortar / concrete mixture GM. The first area 12 comprises at least a groove bottom 27 and side walls 28. The second areas 14 each have a fine structure 15 filled with a mortar portion MA. Specifically, this means that the groove bottom 27 and the side walls 28 are formed by the mortar / concrete mixture GM, and the fine structure 15 is formed by the mortar portion MA of the mortar / concrete mixture GM.

[0063] The mortar / concrete mixture GM for forming the trench body 11 comprises a concrete part BA and a mortar part MA mixed with each other. The mortar / concrete mixture GM is a dual material. The concrete part BA and the mortar part MA comprise a binder, at least one mineral additive and water. For example, the binder may be cement, lime, gypsum, clay, synthetic resin and / or lime cement. Sand and / or gravel may be used as the mineral additive. Other binders or additives are possible.

[0064] The concrete part BA has all the components of the mortar part MA. The mortar part MA includes a granular material with a maximum particle size of 2 mm as a mineral additive. In other words, the maximum particle of the granular material of the mortar part MA is less than or equal to 2 mm. Preferably, the granular material of the mortar part MA has a particle size of less than 2 mm. The concrete part BA also has the mineral additive or the granular material. In addition, the concrete part BA has particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm. The particles are part of a further, in particular larger, granular material 17. The further granular material 17 can be the same mineral additive as the mineral additive of the mortar part MA, or can be a further mineral additive. The particle size of the further granular material 17 of the concrete part BA can be from 2 mm to 32 mm, but preferably from 4 mm to 8 mm. It is important that the smallest particle of the further granular material 17 of the concrete part BA is greater than 2 mm.

[0065] Figure 2 Shown through the Figure 1a and Figure 1b Detail of a longitudinal section of a groove of FIG. The groove 10 has two longitudinal ends 36a, 36b, wherein the detail shows the groove 10 in the region of the first longitudinal end 36a, in which the second region 14, i.e. the fine structure 15, is located. The first fine structure 15 essentially forms a connection 23 with a connection contour 22, for example for a pipeline system.

[0066] according to Figure 2 It can be clearly seen that the groove body 11 has a through opening 37, which is formed in the groove bottom 27. The through opening 37 extends from the guide area 25 through the groove bottom 27. The groove body 11 has a first fine structure 15 on the inner surface 38 facing the through opening 37. The first fine structure 15 includes two webs 39 surrounding the through opening 37. The webs 39 can also be called grooves or ribs. In other words, the first fine structure 15 includes two web-shaped rings on the inner surface 38 of the groove body 11. Usually, the webs 39 have a wall with a wall thickness.

[0067] As in Figure 2 , the trench body 11 comprises a transition section 16 between the first fine structures 15 or respectively between the web 39 and the adjacent first region 12, i.e. the trench bottom 27, which separates the hardened mortar / concrete mixture GM from the hardened mortar part MA. The transition section 16 corresponds to the plane extending between the trench bottom 27 and the web 39. The transition section 16 forms the boundary between the first region 12 of the trench body 11 and the first fine structures 15.

[0068] The groove bottom 27 and / or the side wall 28 each have a minimum wall thickness, in particular a minimum thickness, which is greater than the maximum wall thickness 19, the maximum thickness, of the web 39. Or in other words, the web 39 each has a maximum wall thickness 19, which is less than the minimum wall thickness of the groove bottom 37 and / or the side wall 28. Figure 2 , the wall thickness 21 of the groove bottom 37 is shown, which represents by way of example the wall thickness in the first region 12 of the groove body 11 and is greater than the wall thickness 19 of the fine structure 15. The maximum wall thickness 19 of the web 39 can be less than or equal to 4 mm. The minimum wall thickness of the groove bottom 27 and / or the side wall 28 can be greater than 4 mm.

[0069] The maximum wall thickness of the splice 39 is smaller than the smallest particle size of the further granular material 17 of the concrete part BA of the mix GM. In other words, the maximum wall thickness 19 of the splice 39 is smaller than the smallest particle of the further granular material 17 of the concrete part BA. Conversely, the maximum wall thickness 19 of the splice 39 is greater than or equal to the maximum particle size of the granular material of the mortar part MA. Or in other words, the maximum wall thickness 19 of the splice 39 is greater than or equal to the largest particle of the granular material of the mortar part MA.

[0070] As in Figure 2As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the web 39 has a constant wall thickness over its entire length. The constant wall thickness of the web 39 thus corresponds to the maximum wall thickness of the web 39. The transition section 16 also includes the maximum wall thickness 19 of the web 39. The transition section 16 can be a constriction 18, which is smaller than the smallest particle size of the further granular material 17 of the concrete portion BA. As shown in FIG. Figure 2 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the webs 39 each have an aspect ratio of their wall thickness 19 to depth 13 of substantially 1:1. In other words, the webs 39 each have a substantially square cross-sectional shape.

[0071] The minimum wall thickness of the groove bottom 27 and / or the side wall 28 is greater than the maximum particle size of the further granular material 17 of the concrete portion BA. Therefore, the maximum particle of the further granular material 17 of the concrete portion BA is smaller than the minimum wall thickness of the groove bottom 27 and / or the side wall 28.

[0072] Figure 2 At the first longitudinal end 36a of the groove body 11, a second fine structure 15 is shown, which serves as a connecting protrusion 24 for connecting the groove body 11 to another groove body 11. The connecting protrusion 24 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape. The connecting protrusion 24 extends in a U-shaped manner on the end side of the first longitudinal end 36a. The connecting protrusion 24 forms a U-shaped tab 41, which is formed protrudingly on the end side of the first longitudinal end 36a. The tab 41 has a sealing surface on its inner side. The tab 41 has a wall with a wall thickness.

[0073] As in Figure 2 , the trench body 11 also has a transition section 16 between the second fine structure 15, i.e. between the web 41 and the adjacent first region 12, i.e. the trench bottom 27 and the side walls 28, which separates the hardened mortar / concrete mixture GM from the hardened mortar part MA. The transition section 16 here also corresponds to the plane extending between the trench bottom 27 and the side walls 28 and the web 41. The transition section 16 forms the boundary between the first region 12 of the trench body 11 and the second fine structure 15.

[0074] Like the web 39 of the first fine structure 15, the web 41 has a maximum wall thickness 19 which is less than the minimum wall thickness of the groove bottom 37 and / or the side wall 28. The maximum wall thickness 19 of the web 41 can be less than or equal to 4 mm to 9 mm. The minimum wall thickness of the groove bottom 27 and / or the side wall 28 can be greater than 4 mm.

[0075] The maximum wall thickness 19 of the web 41 is smaller than the smallest particle size of the further granular material 17 of the concrete part BA of the mix GM. In other words, the maximum wall thickness 19 of the web 41 is smaller than the smallest particle of the further granular material 17 of the concrete part BA. Conversely, the maximum wall thickness 19 of the web 41 is greater than or equal to the maximum particle size of the granular material of the mortar part MA.

[0076] As in Figure 2 As can be seen in the figure, the web 41 has a wall thickness that tapers outward in cross section. The web 41 comprises a maximum wall thickness 19 at its base, where the transition section 16 is located. That is, the transition section 16 has a maximum wall thickness 19, wherein the web 41 has essentially a smaller wall thickness, for example a wall thickness of 4 mm.

[0077] Usually, according to Figures 1a to 3 The groove 10 may have only one fine structure 15 consisting of the mortar portion MA of the mixture GM or more than two fine structures 15 consisting of the mortar portion MA of the mixture GM.

[0078] In accordance with Figures 1a to 3 In the case of a groove body 11 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 , all surfaces have a particularly high surface quality. The exception is the outer surface of the groove bottom 27, which is not delimited externally by a mold or a template during the casting process. This outer surface corresponds to the casting surface 42 of the groove body 11 which is exposed at least in sections. All other surfaces of the groove body 11 have an average roughness value R a Surface quality less than or equal to 0.7μm.

[0079] Specifically, the guide region 25 of the groove body 11 has a first surface segment 26 having an average roughness value R a The surface section 25 forms the groove bottom 32 of the guide region 25. The side walls 28 each have a second surface section 35 on their inner side 33, which has an average roughness value R of at most 0.7 μm, preferably at most 0.4 μm. a Between the first and second surface segments 26 , 35 , the guide region 25 has a third surface segment 34 , which forms a transition between the first and second surface segments 26 , 35 . The third surface segment 34 has an average roughness value R a The surface quality is a maximum of 0.7 μm, preferably a maximum of 0.4 μm.

[0080] Likewise, the upper side 29 of the side wall 28 and the outer side 43 of the side wall 28 have an average roughness value R aThe surface quality is a maximum of 0.7 μm, preferably a maximum of 0.4 μm. The same applies to the end faces of the groove body 11 at the two longitudinal ends 36a, 36b. It is also possible that the groove body, for example the upper side of an integral groove, in particular the upper side 29 of the side wall 28 or in the case of a groove with an integral frame, has a surface quality with an average roughness value of less than 0.4 μm, preferably a maximum of 0.2 μm.

[0081] The following describes the method for manufacturing the Figures 1a to 3 A method for forming a groove 10. In a first step, a mold for forming the groove 10 is provided. Preferably, the mold is a casting mold. Or in other words, the mold is preferably formed with the aid of a template. The mold depicts the negative of the groove 10 to be manufactured. The mold has a first area, which depicts all the remaining configurations of the groove 10 except the first fine structure and the second fine structure 15 of the groove 10. In addition, the groove bottom 27 and the two side walls 28 belong to this. The mold also has two second areas, which define the two fine structures 15 of the groove 10. The second area of ​​the mold that defines the first fine structure 15 has an internal dimension that corresponds to the wall thickness of the first fine structure 15. The second area of ​​the mold that defines the second fine structure 15 has an internal dimension that corresponds to the wall thickness of the second fine structure 15.

[0082] In addition, a blocking region is formed between the first region of the mold and the fine structure 15, which is adapted to block the concrete portion BA, more specifically the particles of the additional granular material 17 of the concrete portion BA, when the mold is filled with the mortar / concrete mixture GM. The blocking region can be a narrowing point, which blocks the particles of the additional granular material 17 of the concrete portion BA from entering the second region. The blocking region of the mold defines the transition section of the finished groove 10. Here, the blocking region has the above-mentioned dimensions of the transition section related to the particle size and the wall thickness. The blocking region is thus used for the spatial distribution of the concrete portion BA and / or the mortar portion MA of the mixture GM.

[0083] The mold is provided so that it is at least partially open upwards. In a second step, the mortar / concrete mixture GM is filled into the mold. The mortar / concrete mixture GM completely fills the first area of ​​the mold for forming the groove bottom 27 and the side walls 28. The blocking area of ​​the mold blocks the particles of the further granular material 17 of the concrete part BA so that the mortar part MA of the mixture GM completely fills the second area of ​​the mold for forming the fine structure 15, namely the surrounding web 39 and the U-shaped web 41. It is possible that the mold also has a further second area for forming a further fine structure.

[0084] The retaining region of the mould can, as an alternative or in addition to the constriction, comprise a screening material and / or a filter material for retaining particles of the further granular material 17 of the concrete portion BA.

[0085] Reference numerals list

[0086] 10 Grooves

[0087] 11 Groove body

[0088] 12First Area

[0089] 13 Depth

[0090] 14 Second Area

[0091] 15 Fine structure

[0092] 16 Transition section

[0093] 17 Granular materials for concrete parts

[0094] 18Narrow parts

[0095] 19 Wall thickness of fine structures or transition sections

[0096] 21 Wall thickness of the first area

[0097] 22 Connecting contours

[0098] 23Connection

[0099] 24 connection protrusions

[0100] 25 Boot Area

[0101] 26 Facial segments of the guide area

[0102] 27 Groove bottom

[0103] 28 Sidewall

[0104] 29 Upper side of the side wall

[0105] 31 shoulder

[0106] 32 Groove bottom

[0107] 33Inside of the side wall

[0108] 34 Facial segments in transition

[0109] 35 Facial segment on the medial side of the lateral wall

[0110] 36a first longitudinal end

[0111] 36b second longitudinal end

[0112] 37Through opening

[0113] 38 inner surface

[0114] 39 The first fine structure of the tab

[0115] 41 The second fine structure of the patch

[0116] 42 Casting surface

[0117] 43 Outside of the side wall

[0118] GM Mortar / Concrete Mix

[0119] MA Mortar Section

[0120] BA Concrete Section

[0121] R a Average roughness value

Claims

1. A drainage object, in particular a trench (10), comprising at least one drainage body (11), which is formed in one piece from a mortar / concrete mixture (GM), wherein the drainage body (11) has at least one first region (12) which is filled with the mortar / concrete mixture (GM), It is characterized in that The drainage body (11) has at least one second region (14) having a fine structure (15), which is filled with a mortar portion (MA) of the mixture (GM) to form the fine structure (15), wherein at least one transition section (16) is provided between the two regions (12, 14), which separates at least a concrete portion (BA) of the mixture (GM) in the first region (12) from the mortar portion (MA) in the second region (14).

2. The drainage object according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The mortar part (MA) and the concrete part (BA) of the mixture (GM) comprise at least one bonded granular material, wherein the maximum particle size of the granular material of the mortar part (MA) is smaller than the minimum particle size of another, in particular larger, granular material (17) of the concrete part (BA).

3. The drainage object according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The fine structure (15) has at least one wall thickness (19) and at least one depth (13), the ratio of the wall thickness to the depth being less than or equal to 1:

1.

4. A drainage object according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The fine structure (15) and / or the transition section (16) have at least one constriction (18), in particular a narrowed wall thickness.

5. A drainage object according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The fine structure (15) and / or the transition section (16) at least partially has a wall thickness (19) which is smaller than the minimum particle size of the further, in particular larger, granular material (17) present in the concrete portion (BA).

6. A drainage object according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The first region (12) has, at least in sections, a wall thickness (21) which is greater than the grain size of the further, in particular larger, granular material present in the concrete portion (BA).

7. The drainage object according to claim 2 or 6, It is characterized in that The minimum particle size of the further, in particular larger, granular material (17) of the concrete portion (BA) is greater than or equal to 2 mm, in particular 2 mm to 32 mm, preferably 4 mm to 8 mm.

8. The drainage object according to any one of claims 2 to 7, It is characterized in that The maximum particle size of the granular material of the mortar part (MA) is less than or equal to 2 mm.

9. A drainage object according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The fine structure (15) comprises at least one functional element, in particular a channel frame, a latching recess and / or a connecting projection and the like for connecting two adjacent drainage bodies.

10. A drainage object, in particular a channel (10), comprising at least one drainage body (11), which is formed in one piece from a mortar / concrete mixture (GM), wherein the drainage body (11) has at least one guide area (25) for draining liquid, in particular water, It is characterized in that The guide region (25) comprises at least one surface segment (26) which at least partially has an average roughness value R a Surface roughness less than or equal to 0.7μm.

11. The drainage object according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The surface section (26) of the guide region (25) has at least in sections an average roughness value R a Surface roughness less than or equal to 0.4 μm, in particular a maximum of 0.2 μm.

12. A drainage device (100) comprising at least one drainage element, in particular a groove (10), according to any one of the preceding claims.

13. A method for manufacturing a drainage object, in particular a groove (10), by means of at least one mold for forming a drainage object, wherein the mold has at least one first area, at least one second area with a fine structure and a blocking area located therebetween, wherein in the method, a mortar / concrete mixture (GM) is provided and filled into the mold, wherein the mortar / concrete mixture (GM) fills the first area of ​​the mold and the blocking area blocks the concrete part (BA) of the mixture (GM) so that the mortar part (MA) of the mixture (GM) fills the second area of ​​the mold for forming the fine structure.

14. The method according to claim 13, It is characterized in that The spatial distribution of the mortar portion (MA) and / or concrete portion (BA) of the mixture (GM) in the mould is achieved by the retaining regions.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, It is characterized in that The blocking region has at least one constriction (18) so that during the filling process the mortar portion (MA) of the mixture (GM) passes through and blocks at least the concrete portion (BA) of the mixture (GM).

16. The method according to claim 13 or 14, It is characterized in that The retaining region has at least one screening material and / or at least one filter material, so that during the filling process the mortar portion (MA) of the mixture (GM) passes through and at least the concrete portion (BA) of the mixture (GM) is retained.

17. A concrete object for underground construction, high-rise construction, garden and landscape architecture, wastewater treatment and / or household technology, the concrete object having at least one base body (11) formed in one piece from a mortar / concrete mixture (GM), wherein the base body (11) has at least one first region (12) filled with the mortar / concrete mixture (GM), It is characterized in that The base body (11) has at least one second region (14) with a fine structure (15), which is filled with a mortar portion (MA) of the mixture (GM) to form the fine structure (15), wherein at least one transition section (16) is provided between the two regions (12, 14), which separates at least a concrete portion (BA) of the mixture (GM) in the first region (12) from the mortar portion (MA) in the second region (14).

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