Mining and resource utilization method of gem and jade

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ore extraction, and particularly relates to an extraction and resource utilization method of gem and jade. The gem and jade mining and resource utilization method comprises the following steps that (1) a roadway is formed in the side face of a gem and jade ore body through a rock core drill, the rock core drill is adopted for transversely tunneling from the roadway to the ore body and penetrating through the ore body, and a free face is formed; densely drilling holes in the bottom of the ore body by using a rock core drill, putting a detonating cord into the holes in the bottom of the ore body, blasting to separate the ore body from surrounding rocks, and taking out gem and jade ores; (2) crushing and grinding large gem and jade ores, adding water and a regulator, and uniformly stirring; and then adding a composite collecting agent, stirring, adding a foaming agent, stirring and carrying out flotation to obtain gem and jade concentrate. According to the composite collecting agent, the composite collecting agent can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different gem ores so as to achieve the optimal flotation effect, comprehensive recovery of the gem ores and other metal ores is achieved, and the utilization rate of resources is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ore mining, and in particular relates to a method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones. Background Art

[0002] As a precious mineral resource, gemstones not only have extremely high economic value, but are also important carriers of culture, art and aesthetics. Since ancient times, people have begun to explore and mine gemstones. Early mining relied on simple hand tools and primitive excavation techniques. As time goes by, the technological level of human society continues to advance, and the demand for gemstones is also growing, which has prompted the gradual development of gemstone mining technology.

[0003] Entering the 20th century, geological exploration technology has made great progress; at the same time, technological innovation in the field of mining engineering has also continuously promoted the development of gemstone mining technology. In terms of underground mining, tunnel excavation technology has been continuously improved, and more advanced drilling and blasting technology and tunnel boring machines have been adopted to improve the speed and safety of underground mine development. Patent CN107701185 A discloses a method for mining jade ore, which includes providing an in-hole column hydraulic fracturing device; determining a first free surface of the ore body to be mined; forming a first hole group on the first free surface, the first hole group including a plurality of first operating holes; inserting a first group of expansion tubes of the in-hole column hydraulic fracturing device into the corresponding first operating hole and causing the in-hole column hydraulic fracturing device to operate so that at least a portion of the ore body to be mined is exposed to the environment; and separating the ore body to be mined from the matrix. The method for mining jade ore of the invention improves the integrity, mining efficiency, and construction safety of jade ore mining, while saving mining costs, reducing waste of jade resources and damage to the environment.

[0004] However, the selectivity of the flotation reagents used in the current ore mining process is insufficient. The composition of jade ore is complex, and the types and properties of gangue minerals and jade minerals in jade mines in different regions vary greatly. In some cases, the selectivity of current flotation reagents is not ideal, which may cause jade minerals and gangue minerals to be floated up at the same time, or the gangue minerals are not completely suppressed. In addition, some traditional flotation reagents are toxic or difficult to biodegrade.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a flotation agent with high cost performance and strong selectivity to improve the resource utilization rate of precious stones. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for mining and resource utilization of gemstones, wherein a xanthan gum flotation agent is compounded with an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt and tannic acid to obtain a composite collector with excellent performance, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different gemstone mines to achieve the best flotation effect, realize the comprehensive recovery of gemstone minerals and other metal minerals, and improve the utilization rate of resources.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Use a core drill to open a tunnel on the side of the gemstone ore body, and use the core drill to dig horizontally from the tunnel to the ore body, penetrate the ore body, and form a free surface; then use the core drill to drill dense holes at the bottom of the ore body, put the detonating cord into the holes at the bottom of the ore body, blast, separate the ore body from the surrounding rocks, and take out the gemstone ore;

[0010] (2) Crush and grind the large pieces of gemstone ore, add water and a regulator, and stir evenly; then add a composite collector, stir, add a frother, stir, and float to obtain a gemstone concentrate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-6 parts of xanthan gum flotation agent, 2-5 parts of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, and 1-3 parts of tannic acid.

[0012] In some embodiments, the preparation steps of the xanthan gum flotation agent are:

[0013] Xanthan gum is dissolved in a solvent to form a uniform xanthan gum solution, into which benzohydroxamic acid is added dropwise under stirring. After the addition is completed, the pH value is adjusted, the temperature is increased to react, and the pH value of the system is controlled during the reaction. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled, separated, and purified to obtain a xanthan gum flotation agent.

[0014] In some embodiments, the concentration of the xanthan gum solution is 1-5 wt %.

[0015] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of benzohydroxamic acid to xanthan gum is (0.12-0.28):1.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pH is adjusted to 7-9.

[0017] In some embodiments, the temperature-raising reaction is to raise the temperature to 40° C.-80° C. and the reaction time is 2-8 hours.

[0018] In some embodiments, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is selected from one or more of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and didodecyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0019] In some embodiments, the foaming agent is selected from one or more of pine oil, methyl isobutyl carbinol, polyethylene glycol and ether foaming agents thereof.

[0020] In some embodiments, the dosage of the composite collector is 200-500 g / t gemstone ore.

[0021] In order to obtain a gem flotation agent with excellent performance, the invention dissolves xanthan gum in a solvent to form a uniform xanthan gum solution, then drops benzohydroxamic acid containing a hydroxamic acid group into the solution, and under stirring, the benzohydroxamic acid can be uniformly dispersed in the solution, and the hydroxamic acid group thereof can react with the hydroxyl group or the carboxyl group on the xanthan gum molecular chain, and by controlling the mass ratio of the two, it can ensure that the reaction occurs fully and avoids excessive side reactions; in addition, the pH value and the reaction temperature of the reaction system are adjusted so that the ionization state of the hydroxyl group and the carboxyl group on the xanthan gum molecular chain is relatively stable and the hydroxamic acid group of the benzohydroxamic acid maintains a high reaction activity, which is conducive to the progress of the chemical reaction; finally, separation and purification are improved to obtain a xanthan gum flotation agent with higher purity. The active groups (such as the introduced hydroxamic acid groups) on the xanthan gum flotation agent molecules can chemically bond with the metal ions on the surface of the jade, and this chemical bonding allows the xanthan gum flotation agent to be firmly adsorbed on the surface of the gemstone, changing its surface properties; in addition, the functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of the xanthan gum flotation agent molecules themselves can also act on the surface of the gemstone by physical adsorption, and the hydroxyl groups can form hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atoms on the surface of the jade, increase the stability of adsorption, improve the hydrophobicity of the surface of the jade, and create conditions for subsequent attachment to bubbles. In the ore flotation process, the xanthan gum flotation agent can also play a role in dispersing the jade particles in the ore pulp. Due to its macromolecular structure, it can stretch in the ore pulp and wrap around the jade particles, preventing the agglomeration between the particles, so that the jade particles are better in contact with the flotation agent, and can be evenly dispersed in the ore pulp during the flotation process, which is conducive to improving the selectivity and recovery rate of flotation. In addition, the xanthan gum flotation agent can adjust the viscosity and rheological properties of the slurry. At the appropriate concentration, it can make the fluidity of the slurry moderate. It will not cause the jade particles to settle too quickly due to being too thin, nor will it affect the rise of bubbles and the flotation of mineral particles due to being too viscous. It helps to form a stable flotation environment during the flotation process. After bubbles are generated during the flotation process, the xanthan gum flotation agent molecules will adsorb on the surface of the bubbles, and its macromolecular structure will form a protective film on the surface of the bubbles, which is similar to a "steric hindrance" effect, preventing the merger and rupture of bubbles, and effectively separating jade minerals from the slurry.

[0022] In addition, in order to further improve the effect of the collector, the present invention also uses xanthan gum flotation agent and alkyl quaternary ammonium salt and tannic acid to be compounded to obtain a composite collector with excellent performance. Alkyl quaternary ammonium salt has strong cationic surface activity. In the flotation process of some gem mines, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt can be adsorbed on the surface of gem minerals by electrostatic attraction. This adsorption makes the gem mineral particles more firmly attached to the bubble, thereby improving the flotation recovery of the gem mineral. And tannic acid mainly plays the role of suppressing gangue minerals in the composite collector, thereby improving the selectivity of flotation. Tannic acid can react with the metal ions on the surface of gangue minerals to change the surface properties of gangue minerals, make its surface hydrophilic, be difficult to attach to bubbles, make gem minerals more effectively separated from gangue minerals, and improve the quality of gem concentrate. Simultaneously, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt and tannic acid also contribute to the stability of foam to a certain extent. Alkyl quaternary ammonium salts can change the surface charge distribution of the foam film and reduce the loss of water molecules in the foam film, while tannic acid can react with impurities such as metal ions in the foam film to purify the foam film and further improve the stability of the foam. This synergistic effect enables the production of a stable, long-lasting foam layer rich in gem mineral particles during the flotation process of gem minerals, which is conducive to the efficient recovery of gem minerals.

[0023] The composition of the composite collector of the present invention can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different gem mines. For different types of silicate gem mines, the difference in their surface properties can be adapted by changing the type and ratio of alkyl quaternary ammonium salts. If the type and content of gangue minerals in the gem mine change, the amount of tannic acid can be adjusted to optimize the inhibitory effect on gangue minerals. The concentration and degree of modification of xanthan gum flotation agents can also be adjusted according to factors such as the particle size distribution of the gem mine, the mineral dissociation degree, etc., to achieve the best flotation effect, realize the comprehensive recovery of gem minerals and other metal minerals, and improve the utilization rate of resources.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention compounds a xanthan gum flotation agent with an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt and tannic acid to obtain a composite collector with excellent performance. The composite collector can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different gem minerals to achieve the best flotation effect, realize the comprehensive recovery of gem minerals and other metal minerals, and improve the utilization rate of resources.

[0026] 2. The present invention uses benzohydroxamic acid to modify xanthan gum to obtain a xanthan gum flotation agent. The xanthan gum flotation agent can be firmly adsorbed on the surface of precious stones, thereby improving the hydrophobicity of the jade surface and playing a role in dispersing jade particles in the ore pulp, which is beneficial to improving the selectivity and recovery rate of flotation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Now describe in detail various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, this detailed description should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment, and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the range.

[0028] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. Various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the present invention specification will be apparent to the technician. The present application specification and examples are exemplary only.

[0029] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” or “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0030] It should be noted that the operations such as “grinding”, “centrifuging” and “stirring” described in the present invention are routine operations for those skilled in the art and can be selected according to actual operations.

[0031] The mass fractions described in the present invention may be fractions in grams, kilograms, tons or other mass units.

[0032] The olivine ore body in the present invention is a forsterite ore body located in Jilin Province, China, and the forsterite content of the mined olivine ore is 65%.

[0033] Preparation Example 1

[0034] The preparation steps of xanthan gum flotation agent are as follows:

[0035] 2.5 g of xanthan gum was dissolved in 100 mL of deionized water to form a uniform xanthan gum solution. 0.5 g of benzohydroxamic acid was added dropwise under stirring at 150 rpm. After the addition was completed, the pH was adjusted to 8, the temperature was raised to 60°C and the reaction was carried out for 5 hours. The pH of the system was controlled to be stable at about 8 during the reaction. After the reaction was completed, the solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered, washed 4 times with 40 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and dried to obtain a xanthan gum flotation agent.

[0036] Preparation Example 2

[0037] The preparation steps of xanthan gum flotation agent are as follows:

[0038] 2.5 g of xanthan gum was dissolved in 100 mL of deionized water to form a uniform xanthan gum solution. 0.3 g of benzohydroxamic acid was added dropwise thereto under stirring at 100 rpm. After the addition was completed, the pH was adjusted to 7, the temperature was raised to 40°C and the reaction was carried out for 8 hours. The pH of the system was controlled to be stable at about 7 during the reaction. After the reaction was completed, the solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered, washed 5 times with 30 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and dried to obtain a xanthan gum flotation agent.

[0039] Preparation Example 3

[0040] The preparation steps of xanthan gum flotation agent are as follows:

[0041] 2.5 g of xanthan gum was dissolved in 100 mL of deionized water to form a uniform xanthan gum solution. 0.7 g of benzohydroxamic acid was added dropwise thereto under stirring at 150 rpm. After the addition was completed, the pH was adjusted to 9, the temperature was raised to 80°C and the reaction was carried out for 2 hours. During the reaction, the pH of the system was controlled to be stable at about 9. After the reaction was completed, the solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered, washed 3 times with 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, and dried to obtain a xanthan gum flotation agent.

[0042] Preparation Example 4

[0043] The preparation steps of the xanthan gum flotation agent are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that 0.2 g of benzohydroxamic acid is used.

[0044] Preparation Example 5

[0045] The preparation steps of the xanthan gum flotation agent are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that 0.9 g of benzohydroxamic acid is used.

[0046] Preparation Example 6

[0047] The preparation steps of the xanthan gum flotation agent are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that the pH is adjusted to 6.

[0048] Preparation Example 7

[0049] The preparation steps of the xanthan gum flotation agent are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that the pH used is adjusted to 10.

[0050] Preparation Example 8

[0051] The preparation steps of the xanthan gum flotation agent are the same as those in Preparation Example 1, except that the heating temperature is 90°C.

[0052] Preparation Example 9

[0053] The composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of xanthan gum flotation agent, 3 parts of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and 2 parts of tannic acid.

[0054] The xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 1.

[0055] Preparation Example 10

[0056] The composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3 parts of xanthan gum flotation agent, 2 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and 1 part of tannic acid.

[0057] The xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 2.

[0058] Preparation Example 11

[0059] The composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6 parts of xanthan gum flotation agent, 5 parts of didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and 3 parts of tannic acid.

[0060] The xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 3.

[0061] Preparation Example 12

[0062] The specific implementation of the composite collector is the same as that of Preparation Example 9, except that the xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 4.

[0063] Preparation Example 13

[0064] The specific implementation of the composite collector is the same as that of Preparation Example 9, except that the xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 5.

[0065] Preparation Example 14

[0066] The specific implementation of the composite collector is the same as that of Preparation Example 9, except that the xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 6.

[0067] Preparation Example 15

[0068] The specific implementation of the composite collector is the same as that of Preparation Example 9, except that the xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 7.

[0069] Preparation Example 16

[0070] The specific implementation of the composite collector is the same as that of Preparation Example 9, except that the xanthan gum flotation agent used is obtained from Preparation Example 8.

[0071] Preparation Example 17

[0072] The specific implementation of the composite collector is the same as that of Preparation Example 9, except that an equal mass of xanthan gum is used instead of the xanthan gum flotation agent.

[0073] Preparation Example 18

[0074] The composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of xanthan gum flotation agent and 3 parts of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0075] Preparation Example 19

[0076] The composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of xanthan gum flotation agent and 2 parts of tannic acid.

[0077] Preparation Example 20

[0078] The composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3 parts of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and 2 parts of tannic acid.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, comprising the following steps:

[0081] (1) Use a large-diameter core drill to open a tunnel on the side of an olivine ore body, then use a large-diameter core drill to dig horizontally from the tunnel to the ore body, penetrate the ore body, and form a free surface; then use a small-diameter core drill to drill dense holes at the bottom of the ore body, put detonating cords into the holes at the bottom of the ore body, blast, separate the ore body from the surrounding rocks, and remove the olivine ore;

[0082] (2) Use a jaw crusher to crush the large pieces of olivine ore to about 15 mm, then use a ball mill to pass through a 200-mesh sieve, add 3 times the mass of water and adjust the pH to 10 with lime, and stir evenly at 600 rpm; then add a composite collector in an amount of 350 g / t olivine, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then add pine oil in an amount of 50 g / t olivine, stir at 600 rpm for 2 min, and introduce air into the slurry at 1500 rpm through a flotation machine, float for 5 min, scrape out the foam product, and obtain olivine concentrate.

[0083] The composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 9.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as that of Example 1, except that step (2) is:

[0086] (2) Use a jaw crusher to crush the large pieces of olivine ore to about 10 mm, then use a ball mill to pass through a 200-mesh sieve, add 2 times the mass of water and adjust the pH to 9 with lime, and stir evenly at 500 rpm; then add a composite collector in an amount of 200 g / t olivine, stir at 500 rpm for 10 min, then add methyl isobutyl carbinol in an amount of 30 g / t olivine, stir at 500 rpm for 2 min, and introduce air into the slurry at 2000 rpm through a flotation machine, float for 5 min, scrape out the foam product, and obtain olivine concentrate.

[0087] The composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 10.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as that of Example 1, except that step (2) is:

[0090] (2) Use a jaw crusher to crush the large pieces of olivine ore to about 20 mm, then use a ball mill to pass through a 200-mesh sieve, add 2.5 times the mass of water and adjust the pH to 10.5 with lime, and stir evenly at 700 rpm; then add a composite collector at a dosage of 500 g / t olivine, stir at 700 rpm for 10 min, then add mPEG-350 at a dosage of 40 g / t olivine, stir at 700 rpm for 2 min, and introduce air into the slurry at 2500 rpm through a flotation machine, float for 5 min, scrape out the foam product, and obtain olivine concentrate.

[0091] The composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 11.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 12.

[0094] Example 5

[0095] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 13.

[0096] Example 6

[0097] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 14.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 15.

[0100] Example 8

[0101] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 16.

[0102] Example 9

[0103] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 17.

[0104] Example 10

[0105] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 18.

[0106] Embodiment 11

[0107] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 19.

[0108] Example 12

[0109] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the composite collector used is obtained from Preparation Example 20.

[0110] Comparative Example 1

[0111] A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, the specific implementation method is roughly the same as Example 1, the difference is that the xanthan gum flotation agent of the same mass as that of Preparation Example 1 is used instead of the composite collector.

[0112] Performance Testing

[0113] The olivine concentrate and tailings obtained in each embodiment and comparative example were filtered, dried, and weighed to calculate the flotation recovery rate, where recovery rate = 100%*(floated concentrate weight / raw ore weight). Specific test data are shown in Table 1.

[0114] Table 1

[0115]

[0116] As shown in Table 1, the flotation recovery rate of olivine ore in Examples 1-3 is good, which can reach 75%. Compared with Example 1, the preparation method of the xanthan gum flotation agent in the composite collector used in Examples 4-8 is changed, so that the chemical reaction degree of benzohydroxamic acid and xanthan gum is different, which affects the performance of the xanthan gum flotation agent and its effect on the surface of olivine, so that the flotation recovery rate is reduced; the raw material composition of the composite collector used in Examples 9-12 is changed, resulting in a significant decrease in the flotation recovery rate; in Comparative Example 1, only the xanthan gum flotation agent is used, and its flotation recovery rate for olivine is also poor, which also shows that the original gum flotation agent, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt and tannic acid can produce a synergistic effect after being compounded and used together, and produce an excellent flotation effect for olivine.

[0117] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Although the present application is disclosed as above in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technician familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, using the technical content disclosed above to make slight changes or modifications are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Use a core drill to open a tunnel on the side of the gemstone ore body, and use the core drill to dig horizontally from the tunnel to the ore body, penetrate the ore body, and form a free surface; then use the core drill to drill dense holes at the bottom of the ore body, put the detonating cord into the holes at the bottom of the ore body, blast, separate the ore body from the surrounding rocks, and take out the gemstone ore; (2) Crush and grind the large pieces of gemstone ore, add water and a regulator, and stir evenly; then add a composite collector, stir, add a frother, stir, and float to obtain a gemstone concentrate.

2. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite collector comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-6 parts of xanthan gum flotation agent, 2-5 parts of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, and 1-3 parts of tannic acid.

3. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the xanthan gum flotation agent are as follows: Xanthan gum is dissolved in a solvent to form a uniform xanthan gum solution, into which benzohydroxamic acid is added dropwise under stirring. After the addition is completed, the pH value is adjusted, the temperature is increased to react, and the pH value of the system is controlled during the reaction. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled, separated, and purified to obtain a xanthan gum flotation agent.

4. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concentration of the xanthan gum solution is 1-5wt%.

5. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of benzohydroxamic acid to xanthan gum is (0.12-0.28):

1.

6. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pH is adjusted to 7-9.

7. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature-raising reaction is to raise the temperature to 40° C.-80° C. and the reaction time is 2-8 hours.

8. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is selected from one or more of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and didodecyldimethylammonium chloride.

9. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is selected from one or more of pine oil, methyl isobutyl carbinol, polyethylene glycol and ether foaming agents thereof.

10. The method for mining and resource utilization of precious stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage of the composite collector is 200-500g / t gemstone ore.

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