Movable photovoltaic module disassembling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module disassembling method, a junction box and a frame are disassembled by using a disassembling module, a glass cover plate is broken to obtain a frameless assembly, the frameless assembly is separated to obtain a disassembled part and broken glass, and the disassembling module is movable. According to the method provided by the invention, the skid-mounted integrated system is adopted to realize the movable disassembly process, so that the photovoltaic module can be disassembled on site, and the transportation cost is reduced; a rigid obtuse-angle milling cutter is used for separating the frameless assembly heated through the tunnel, and the recovery rate of broken glass is larger than or equal to 90%; and by adopting the automatic identification, mechanical disassembly and transmission conveying device, the continuous disassembly of the photovoltaic module is realized, and the disassembly efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy, and in particular to a method for disassembling a movable photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] With the deterioration of the global environment and the increasing energy crisis, carbon peak and carbon neutrality have become a global consensus. Photovoltaic power generation has become one of the important ways for countries to achieve climate goals, and installed capacity has grown rapidly.

[0003] However, the large-scale application of photovoltaic power generation inevitably leads to the recycling of discarded photovoltaic modules, which needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] At present, photovoltaic module recycling technology has been initially formed at home and abroad, but high recycling costs and low efficiency are still problems that the recycling industry needs to face. The technical difficulties in solving the problem are still focused on reducing the cost of module disassembly, improving disassembly efficiency and increasing the recovery rate of each component.

[0005] The present application discloses a photovoltaic assembly disassembly method, which is characterized in that a disassembly module is used to remove a junction box and a frame, break a glass cover plate to obtain a frameless assembly, separate the frameless assembly to obtain disassembled parts and broken glass, and the disassembly module is movable.

[0006] Furthermore, the disassembly module uses a continuous method to remove the junction box and the frame, break the glass cover plate and separate the frameless assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the disassembly module is integrated in a skid-mounted integrated manner.

[0008] Furthermore, the disassembly module may be closed, semi-closed or open.

[0009] Further, a rigid blunt-angle milling cutter is used to separate the frameless components to obtain broken glass and disassembled parts.

[0010] Furthermore, the disassembly module includes automatic identification of the junction box or frame, mechanical disassembly and transmission conveying devices.

[0011] Furthermore, the automatic recognition uses a visual appearance detection system to locate the junction box or the frame, and the visual appearance detection system includes image input, image analysis and judgment output modules.

[0012] Furthermore, mechanical disassembly includes using a robotic arm to disassemble the junction box or the frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission conveying device includes one or more of belt conveying, roller conveying and chain conveying.

[0014] Furthermore, the method of breaking the glass cover plate includes one or more of rolling and roller pressing.

[0015] Furthermore, after the glass cover is broken, the frameless component is heated.

[0016] Furthermore, the heating is tunnel circulating hot air heating, the heating temperature is 120°C to 180°C, and the constant temperature time is 30 seconds to 180 seconds.

[0017] Furthermore, the heating is tunnel circulating hot air heating and infrared lamp heating, the heating temperature is 120°C to 180°C, and the constant temperature time is 30 seconds to 180 seconds.

[0018] The advancement of the present application over the prior art lies in: 1) the use of a skid-mounted integrated system to make the disassembly process movable, enabling on-site disassembly of photovoltaic modules and reducing transportation costs; 2) the use of a rigid obtuse-angle milling cutter to separate the frameless modules that have been heated in the tunnel, with a broken glass recovery rate greater than or equal to 90%; 3) the use of automatic identification, mechanical disassembly and transmission and conveying devices to achieve continuous disassembly of photovoltaic modules, effectively improving disassembly efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a disassembly process of the movable photovoltaic module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0021] The "photovoltaic module" referred to in this application refers to a photovoltaic single-sided or double-sided glass module, which is composed of a backplane (glass cover), packaging materials, silicon battery elements, packaging materials and glass cover stacked in sequence.

[0022] The "frameless module" referred to in this application refers to the components of the photovoltaic module after the junction box and frame are removed, which are composed of silicon cell elements, a backplane (glass cover), packaging materials and a glass cover.

[0023] The "disassembled parts" referred to in this application refer to the parts after the glass cover of the frameless component is removed, which are composed of silicon battery elements, backplanes, and packaging materials, and contain a small amount of glass residue.

[0024] The silicon battery element is composed of silicon battery cells, grid lines, welding strips, and bus bars, and contains crystalline / amorphous silicon, silver, copper, aluminum, tin and other elements. The backplane is generally composed of a fluorine-containing polymer coating, a polymer substrate, and an adhesive layer, and contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine and other elements. The packaging material is composed of high molecular polymers. Commonly used high molecular polymer pairs can be EVA, POE, PVB, silicone, etc., containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon and other elements.

[0025] Figure 1 The disassembly process of the photovoltaic module of the present application is shown.

[0026] In some embodiments, the disassembly module transfers the disassembled photovoltaic components through a transmission and transportation device to achieve continuous disassembly. The transmission and transportation device can be one or more of a belt drive, a roller drive, and a chain drive.

[0027] In some embodiments, the disassembly module is integrated in a skid-mounted manner. Skid-mounting means that the disassembly module is fixed on a chassis, usually a steel chassis, and a crowbar can be used to move and put it into place.

[0028] In some open-air photovoltaic power stations, the disassembled modules can be closed or semi-closed, such as integrating the disassembled modules with the container body to achieve closure. The ceiling or sides can also be set according to different usage scenarios to achieve semi-closure. When disassembled indoors, they do not need to be closed.

[0029] In some embodiments, the component appearance image is collected and analyzed through a visual appearance inspection system, and the color or shape of the junction box and the frame is identified to achieve precise positioning, intelligent grasping and removal of the junction box and the frame.

[0030] In some embodiments, the identified junction box is removed by an automated blade or fixture, and the removed junction box is transferred to a junction box transport box by a gripping mechanism.

[0031] In some embodiments, a visual appearance inspection system is used to collect and analyze component appearance images, automatically identify parts that meet the frame length and width, remove the frame through a robotic arm, and transfer the removed frame to a frame transfer box.

[0032] In some embodiments, a robotic arm is used to increase the outward expansion force of the frame to remove the frame.

[0033] In some embodiments, the mechanical device for removing the junction box includes a fixing device, a scraper and a driving device. The component is first fixed, and then the driving device drives the scraper to remove the junction box.

[0034] In some embodiments, the frameless components after the broken glass are heated by tunnel furnace heating. The broken frameless components enter the tunnel furnace with constant temperature through a transmission conveying device and are heated using circulating hot air. The heating temperature refers to the constant temperature set by the tunnel furnace, which is maintained between 120°C and 180°C. The time for the broken frameless components to pass through the tunnel furnace is the constant temperature time, which is set at 30 seconds to 180 seconds depending on the constant temperature.

[0035] In some embodiments, the frameless assembly after the glass cover plate is broken passes through a tunnel furnace and then is heated by an infrared lamp before entering a glass separation device.

[0036] In some embodiments, the frameless assembly is conveyed by extrusion of two rollers, and the disassembled components and the broken glass are separated by a rigid blunt-angle milling cutter. After weighing and calculation, the glass recovery rate in the glass cover is greater than or equal to 90%.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module disassembly method, characterized in that: The disassembly module is used to remove the junction box and the frame, break the glass cover to obtain the frameless assembly, separate the frameless assembly to obtain disassembled parts and broken glass, and the disassembly module is movable.

2. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly module completes the removal of the junction box and the frame, the breaking of the glass cover plate, and the separation of the frameless assembly in a continuous manner.

3. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly module is integrated in a skid-mounted integrated manner.

4. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly module can be closed, semi-closed or open.

5. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frameless components are separated using a rigid blunt-angle milling cutter to obtain the broken glass and the disassembled parts.

6. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly module includes automatic identification of junction boxes or frames, mechanical disassembly and transmission and conveying devices.

7. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The automatic identification uses a visual appearance detection system to locate the junction box or frame, and the visual appearance detection system includes image input, image analysis and judgment output modules.

8. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mechanical disassembly includes using a mechanical arm to disassemble the junction box or the frame.

9. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission conveying device includes one or more of belt conveying, roller conveying and chain conveying.

10. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of breaking the glass cover plate includes one or more of rolling and roller pressing.

11. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the glass cover plate is broken, the frameless assembly is heated.

12. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The heating is tunnel circulating hot air heating, the heating temperature is 120° C. to 180° C., and the constant temperature time is 30 seconds to 180 seconds.

13. The photovoltaic module disassembly method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The heating is tunnel circulating hot air heating and infrared lamp heating, the heating temperature is 120° C. to 180° C., and the constant temperature time is 30 seconds to 180 seconds.

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