Composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-changing and self-locking functions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of resin-based composite material laying and forming equipment, in particular to a composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-changing and self-locking functions, which comprises an unwinding shaft and an unwinding drum arranged on the unwinding shaft in a sleeving manner, a magnetic powder brake is connected to one end of the unwinding shaft, and an axial positioning device for axially positioning the unwinding drum and a spring self-locking shaft device for radially positioning the unwinding drum are arranged on the unwinding shaft; the axial positioning device comprises an unwinding drum upper limiting device fixedly connected to the unwinding drum and an unwinding drum quick-change limiting device which is used for realizing lower limiting of the unwinding drum and can be used for quickly replacing the unwinding drum; the magnetic powder brake is arranged at the upper end of the unwinding shaft and used for tension control in the unwinding process, tows are prevented from falling off and being damaged, the machining quality and equipment efficiency in the fiber tow unwinding process are effectively guaranteed, and tow unwinding under various actual working conditions is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of resin-based composite material laying and molding equipment, and in particular to a composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions. Background Art

[0002] The unwinding device in the composite material placement equipment needs to install the carbon fiber reel for a long time, and it needs to drive the unwinding reel to rotate when the equipment is working normally. It needs to maintain a certain tension. During this movement, the axial position of the carbon fiber reel also needs to be maintained. In addition, a large amount of fiber bundles need to be consumed during processing, so the unwinding reel needs to be replaced frequently during the operation of the equipment.

[0003] At present, in most composite material laying processes, the unwinding of composite material tows mainly adopts the upper end bearing to cooperate with the lower end unpowered roller, the unwinding shaft section long thread and the upper and lower limit blocks with threaded holes to fix the tow reel on the unwinding shaft. This basic mechanism can realize the unwinding of the tow, but it also brings corresponding problems. In the above structure, the tow unwinding drum only relies on the upper and lower limit blocks for axial compression. When the unwinding operation is performed, the unwinding shaft needs to rotate continuously. The upper and lower limit blocks are very easy to loosen during the rotation process, which will cause the tow unwinding drum to move axially on the one hand, and cause the tow unwinding drum to slide circumferentially on the other hand, which will cause the unwinding operation to fail. In addition, a large number of filament bundles are required in the production process of composite material laying, so the replacement of the filament bundle unwinding drum is very frequent. The traditional unwinding mechanism uses threads to fix the upper and lower limit blocks. When replacing the filament bundle unwinding drum, the lower limit block must be removed first. After replacing the filament bundle unwinding drum, the lower limit block must be installed while the unwinding drum is lifted up. The process of replacing the unwinding drum is very complicated and cumbersome, which greatly reduces the efficiency of the unwinding operation, thereby reducing the overall work efficiency of composite material laying.

[0004] Therefore, at this time, a composite material unwinding mechanism is needed that is easy to disassemble and assemble and has axial and radial positioning and limiting functions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions, which can not only limit the axial position of the drum, but also circumferentially tighten the unwinding drum, and can also be conveniently and quickly disassembled to replace the unwinding drum.

[0006] The present invention discloses a composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions, comprising an unwinding shaft and an unwinding drum sleeved on the unwinding shaft, one end of the unwinding shaft is connected to a magnetic powder brake, and the unwinding shaft is provided with an axial positioning device for axially positioning the unwinding drum and a spring self-locking shaft device for radially positioning the unwinding drum; The axial positioning device includes an unwinding drum upper limit device fixedly connected to the unwinding shaft and an unwinding drum quick-change limit device for realizing the lower limit of the unwinding drum and capable of quickly replacing the unwinding drum, and the unwinding drum is arranged on the unwinding shaft between the unwinding drum upper limit device and the unwinding drum quick-change limit device; The spring self-locking shaft device is located in the unwinding drum, and one end of the unwinding drum is against the upper limit device of the unwinding drum, and the other end of the unwinding drum is against the lower limit device of the unwinding drum. The middle part of the unwinding drum is connected to the unwinding shaft through the spring self-locking device.

[0007] Preferably, the spring self-locking shaft device comprises a snap spring limiting flange and a movable hollow shaft, the unwinding shaft is provided with a shaft shoulder, the snap spring limiting flange is sleeved on the unwinding shaft, and one end of the snap spring limiting flange abuts against the shaft shoulder, and the other end is connected to the movable hollow shaft through a self-locking spring sleeved on the unwinding shaft, and the movable hollow shaft is matched and sleeved on the unwinding shaft; The movable hollow shaft is also connected to the buckle spring limiting flange through a limiting connection device; A ring platform is also fixedly arranged on the movable hollow shaft, and a rubber expansion body that is forced to expand radially is sleeved on the movable hollow shaft between the unwinding drum quick-change limit device and the ring platform; When the movable hollow shaft is pushed by force to connect the rubber expansion body with the ring platform and squeeze the rubber expansion body, the rubber expansion body expands radially and tightens the unwinding drum; When the movable hollow shaft is pulled by force to pull the rubber expansion body away from the ring platform, the rubber expansion body radially shrinks and resets and releases the winding drum.

[0008] Preferably, the limit connection device comprises a buckle limit slot plate and a self-locking buckle, the buckle limit slot plate is fixedly arranged on the circumference of one end of the movable hollow shaft connected to the self-locking spring, the buckle limit slot plate is provided with a lower limit slot hole, the buckle spring limit flange is provided with a through hole along the radial direction of the unwinding shaft, and an upper limit slot hole is provided at a position corresponding to the through hole on the circumference of the unwinding shaft; The self-locking buckle is in the shape of a bow-shaped rod. One end of the self-locking buckle passes through the through hole and is engaged in the upper limit slot, and the other end of the self-locking buckle extends into and is engaged in the lower limit slot.

[0009] Preferably, the lower limit slot includes two self-locking limit areas, and the two self-locking limit areas are connected by a slideway; Two self-locking limit areas are arranged along the axial direction of the unwinding shaft, the self-locking limit area close to the buckle spring limit flange is a pressure limit area, and the other self-locking limit area is a pressure-loss limit area; When the rubber expansion body expands and locks the unwinding drum, one end of the self-locking buckle is located in the pressure limiting area. When the rubber expansion body resets and releases the unwinding drum, one end of the self-locking buckle is located in the pressure-loss limiting area.

[0010] Preferably, two limiting connection devices are provided, and the two limiting connection devices are centrally symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the movable hollow shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a locking groove is provided on the unwinding shaft at a position where the unwinding drum quick-change limit device is connected, an opening is provided on the movable hollow shaft, and the unwinding drum quick-change limit device is connected to the locking groove after extending into the opening.

[0012] Preferably, the unwinding drum quick-change limit device comprises an upper baffle and a lower baffle which are sleeved on the movable hollow shaft and fixedly connected; The upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are provided with corresponding slide grooves on their facing surfaces, and the slide grooves penetrate the upper baffle plate or the lower baffle plate along the radial direction of the unwinding axis, and locking sliders are slidably provided in the slide grooves; A clamping groove for the movable hollow shaft to pass through is provided at the center of the locking slide block; The locking slider located in the slide groove provided on the upper baffle is the upper locking slider, and the locking slider located in the slide groove provided on the lower baffle is the lower locking slider; The upper locking slider is connected to the lower locking slider through a locking spring, and the locking springs are arranged on both sides of the clamping groove; The upper locking slider and the lower locking slider are stepped along the sliding direction and matched and connected to each other; There are two locking grooves, which are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the unwinding shaft; there are two openings, which are respectively arranged on the circumference of the movable hollow shaft corresponding to the locking grooves; The corresponding positions of the upper locking slider and the lower locking slider pass through the openings and are locked and connected to the locking grooves; When the upper locking slider and the lower locking slider are pressed or released, the upper locking slider and the lower locking slider move closer to or away from each other, causing the locking spring to contract or reset, and the clamping grooves on the upper locking slider and the lower locking block penetrate or misalign with each other, so that the upper locking slider and the lower locking block are disengaged from or locked in the locking grooves.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the movable hollow shaft away from one end of the self-locking spring is fixedly connected to a pressing handle by a screw.

[0014] Preferably, the unwinding drum upper limit device includes an unwinding drum upper limit sleeve and a limit nut, the unwinding drum upper limit sleeve is sleeved on the unwinding shaft, the limit nut is located on the side of the unwinding drum upper limit sleeve away from the unwinding drum, and the limit nut is fixedly connected to the unwinding shaft through a thread.

[0015] The present invention provides a magnetic powder brake at the upper end of the unwinding shaft for tension control during the unwinding process, thereby preventing the tow from falling off and being damaged, effectively ensuring the processing quality and equipment efficiency of the fiber tow during the unwinding process, and realizing the unwinding of the tow under various actual working conditions.

[0016] The present invention provides a rubber expansion body between the movable hollow shaft and the unwinding drum quick-change limit device, and a spring self-locking shaft device is installed on the unwinding shaft. When the unwinding drum is installed, the rubber expansion body is radially expanded through the squeezing of the spring self-locking shaft device and the unwinding drum quick-change limit device, and the unwinding drum is fixed and locked in the circumference, thereby realizing the radial positioning of the unwinding drum, thereby preventing the unwinding drum and the unwinding shaft from sliding relative to each other, and effectively ensuring the smooth unwinding of the fiber bundle during the unwinding process.

[0017] The present invention has a spring self-locking shaft device installed on the unwinding shaft, and a unwinding drum quick-change limit device is arranged at the lower part. To install the unwinding drum, it is only necessary to press the pressing handle upwards, and the self-locking buckle limit position is replaced through the spring self-locking shaft device. Energy is stored through the self-locking spring to facilitate popping out after the handle is pressed next time. Subsequently, it is only necessary to press the two locking sliders inwards to replace the unwinding drum. The present invention simplifies the process of installing and disassembling the unwinding shaft, and greatly improves the convenience of the unwinding drum replacement operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an internal diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the spring self-locking shaft device.

[0021] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the scroll bar.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the decompression state of the rubber expansion body.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the rubber expansion body under pressure.

[0024] Figure 7 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is the exploded view of the reel quick-change limit device.

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the quick-change limit device for the unwinding drum.

[0027] Fig.10 This is the installation diagram of the unwinding drum quick-change limit device.

[0028] Figure markings: 301-unwinding shaft, 302-magnetic powder brake, 303-unwinding bearing, 304-unwinding drum upper limit sleeve, 305-unwinding drum quick-change limit device, 3051-upper baffle, 3052-locking slider, 3053-locking spring, 3054-lower baffle, 306-unwinding drum, 307-spring self-locking shaft device, 3071-snap spring limit flange, 3072-self-locking spring, 3073-self-locking snap, 3074-snap limit slot plate, 3075-movable hollow shaft, 3076-rubber expansion body, 3077-pressing handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention discloses a composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions, comprising an unwinding shaft 301 and an unwinding drum 306 sleeved on the unwinding shaft 301, wherein one end of the unwinding shaft 301 is connected to a magnetic powder brake 302, and the unwinding shaft 301 is provided with an axial positioning device for axially positioning the unwinding drum 306 and a spring self-locking shaft device 307 for radially positioning the unwinding drum 306; The axial positioning device includes an upper limit device of the unwinding drum 306 fixedly connected to the unwinding shaft 301 and a quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 for realizing the lower limit of the unwinding drum 306 and enabling quick replacement of the unwinding drum 306. The unwinding drum 306 is arranged on the unwinding shaft 301 between the upper limit device of the unwinding drum 306 and the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306. The spring self-locking shaft device 307 is located in the unwinding drum 306, and one end of the unwinding drum 306 is against the upper limit device of the unwinding drum 306, and the other end of the unwinding drum 306 is against the lower limit device of the unwinding drum 306. The middle part of the unwinding drum 306 is connected to the unwinding shaft 301 through the spring self-locking device.

[0030] In one embodiment, the spring self-locking shaft device 307 includes a snap spring limiting flange 3071 and a movable hollow shaft 3075. The unwinding shaft 301 is provided with a shaft shoulder. The snap spring limiting flange 3071 is sleeved on the unwinding shaft 301, and one end of the snap spring limiting flange 3071 is against the shaft shoulder, and the other end is connected to the movable hollow shaft 3075 through a self-locking spring 3072 sleeved on the unwinding shaft 301. The movable hollow shaft 3075 is matched and sleeved on the unwinding shaft 301; The movable hollow shaft 3075 is also connected to the buckle spring limiting flange 3071 through a limiting connection device; A ring platform is also fixedly arranged on the movable hollow shaft 3075, and a rubber expansion body 3076 which is radially expanded under force is sleeved on the movable hollow shaft 3075 between the unwinding drum 306 quick-change limit device 305 and the ring platform; When the movable hollow shaft 3075 is pushed by force to connect the rubber expansion body 3076 with the ring platform and squeeze the rubber expansion body 3076, the rubber expansion body 3076 expands radially and tightens the unwinding drum 306; When the movable hollow shaft 3075 is pulled by force to pull the rubber expansion body 3076 away from the ring platform, the rubber expansion body 3076 radially shrinks and resets and releases the reel 306.

[0031] In one embodiment, the limiting connection device includes a buckle limiting slot plate 3074 and a self-locking buckle 3073, wherein the buckle limiting slot plate 3074 is fixedly arranged on the circumference of one end of the movable hollow shaft 3075 connected to the self-locking spring 3072, and a lower limiting slot hole is arranged on the buckle limiting slot plate 3074, and a through hole is arranged on the buckle spring limiting flange 3071 along the radial direction of the unwinding shaft 301, and an upper limiting slot hole is arranged on the circumference of the unwinding shaft 301 at a position corresponding to the through hole; The self-locking buckle 3073 is in the shape of a bow-shaped rod. One end of the self-locking buckle 3073 passes through the through hole and is engaged in the upper limit slot, and the other end of the self-locking buckle 3073 extends into and is engaged in the lower limit slot.

[0032] The lower limit slot includes two self-locking limit areas, and the two self-locking limit areas are connected by a slideway; Two self-locking limit areas are arranged axially along the unwinding shaft 301, the self-locking limit area close to the buckle spring limit flange 3071 is a pressure limit area, and the other self-locking limit area is a pressure-loss limit area; When the rubber expansion body 3076 expands and locks the unwinding drum 306, one end of the self-locking buckle 3073 is located in the pressure limiting area. When the rubber expansion body 3076 returns to its original position to release the unwinding drum 306, one end of the self-locking buckle 3073 is located in the pressure-loss limiting area.

[0033] In one embodiment, two limiting connection devices are provided, and the two limiting connection devices are centrally symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the movable hollow shaft 3075 .

[0034] A locking groove is provided on the unwinding shaft 301 at the position where the unwinding drum 306 quick-change limit device 305 is connected, and an opening is provided on the movable hollow shaft 3075. The unwinding drum 306 quick-change limit device 305 extends into the opening and is connected to the locking groove.

[0035] In one embodiment, the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 includes an upper baffle 3051 and a lower baffle 3054 which are sleeved on the movable hollow shaft 3075 and fixedly connected; The upper baffle plate 3051 and the lower baffle plate 3054 are provided with corresponding sliding grooves on their facing surfaces. The sliding grooves penetrate the upper baffle plate 3051 or the lower baffle plate 3054 radially along the unwinding shaft 301. The locking sliders 3052 are slidably provided in the sliding grooves. The locking slide block 3052 is provided with a clamping groove at the center thereof for the movable hollow shaft 3075 to pass through; The locking slider 3052 located in the slide groove provided in the upper baffle plate 3051 is an upper locking slider 3052, and the locking slider 3052 located in the slide groove provided in the lower baffle plate 3054 is a lower locking slider 3052; The upper locking slider 3052 is connected to the lower locking slider 3052 through a locking spring 3053, and the locking spring 3053 is arranged on both sides of the clamping groove; The upper locking slider 3052 and the lower locking slider 3052 are stepped along the sliding direction and are matched and connected to each other; The locking grooves are provided in two numbers, and the two locking grooves are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the unwinding shaft 301; the openings are provided in two numbers, and the two openings are respectively arranged on the circumference of the movable hollow shaft 3075 corresponding to the locking grooves; The corresponding positions of the upper locking slider 3052 and the lower locking slider 3052 pass through the openings and are locked and connected to the locking grooves; When the upper locking slider 3052 and the lower locking slider 3052 are pressed or released, the upper locking slider 3052 and the lower locking slider 3052 approach or move away from each other, causing the locking spring 3053 to contract or reset, and the clamping grooves on the upper locking slider 3052 and the lower locking block are interconnected or misaligned, and the upper locking slider 3052 and the lower locking block are disengaged from or locked in connection with the locking grooves.

[0036] The end of the movable hollow shaft 3075 away from one end of the self-locking spring 3072 is fixedly connected to a pressing handle 3077 by means of a screw.

[0037] In one embodiment, the upper limit device of the unwinding drum 306 includes an upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306 and a limit nut, wherein the upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306 is sleeved on the unwinding shaft 301, and the limit nut is located on the side of the upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306 away from the unwinding drum 306, and the limit nut is fixedly connected to the unwinding shaft 301 through threads.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The top end of the unwinding shaft 301 is connected with a magnetic powder brake 302, which can control the torque of the unwinding shaft 301 according to the size of the input voltage. For example, if the unwinding shaft 301 detects that the tension is too large, the voltage of the magnetic powder brake 302 will increase, and the braking torque will increase, thereby reducing the tension of the unwinding shaft 301, which can ensure that the rotational torque and tension of the unwinding shaft 301 are maintained at the set size during unwinding.

[0040] The unwinding shaft 301 has an unwinding bearing 303 flange connected to the shaft end below the magnetic powder brake 302, which is used to support the rotation of the unwinding shaft 301. The unwinding bearing 303 sleeved on the unwinding shaft 301 is arranged between the unwinding bearing 303 flange and the upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306. The upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306 is locked on the unwinding shaft 301 through the thread on the shaft below the unwinding shaft 301 with the limit nut, which is used to limit the upward movement of the unwinding drum 306; the unwinding drum 306 quick-change limit device 305 is arranged below the unwinding shaft 301. When installing, first press its locking slider 3052 inward at the same time, insert it into the unwinding shaft 301, and then release the locking slider 3052 to complete the fixation. The fiber bundle is wound on the unwinding drum 306, and the upper part of the unwinding drum 306 is pressed against the upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306, and the lower part is pressed against the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306. By adjusting the positions of the upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306 and the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306, unwinding drums 306 of different lengths can be installed. Through this design, the present invention can install unwinding drums 306 of different lengths, and rotate them according to the set tension and torque to complete the unwinding operation.

[0041] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The buckle spring limiting flange 3071 is tightly attached to a shoulder of the unwinding shaft 301 for axial positioning, and a through hole is processed on the upper end of the shaft to be consistent with the position of the upper limit slot on the unwinding shaft 301, which is used to axially limit the self-locking buckle 3073, and a self-locking spring 3072 installation slot is processed on the lower end. The self-locking spring 3072 is fastened by bolts to make one end of the self-locking spring 3072 completely fixed axially, and the two ends of the self-locking spring 3072 are respectively installed on the spring limiting flange and the movable hollow shaft 3075 by bolt connection, and the upper end of the self-locking buckle 3073 passes through the buckle spring limiting flange 3071 and the unwinding shaft 301, and the lower end is tightly clamped in the lower limit slot of the buckle limiting slot plate 3074 installed on the movable hollow shaft 3075. The buckle limiting slot plate 3074 is directly installed on both sides of the movable hollow shaft 3075 by screws, and has a lower limiting slot hole on it to lock the self-locking buckle 3073.

[0042] The center of the movable hollow shaft 3075 is a through hole slightly larger than the shaft diameter of the unwinding shaft 301, which can be inserted into the unwinding shaft 301 when in use. The shaft end is provided with a snap-on limiting slot plate 3074 mounting position and a corresponding screw hole for connection and fixation, and the middle section of the shaft end is provided with a shaft section slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the unwinding drum 306, which is used to cooperate with the quick-change limiting device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 to squeeze and limit the upper and lower ends of the rubber expansion body 3076, forcing the rubber expansion body 3076 to expand radially to circumferentially lock the unwinding drum 306.

[0043] The rubber expansion body 3076 has a through hole in the center, which is connected between the ring stage on the movable hollow shaft 3075 and the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306. When the two ends are pressurized, they can expand radially, and when the pressure disappears, they will contract radially to a normal state. The upper end of the pressing handle 3077 has a through hole, which is connected to the movable hollow shaft 3075 by bolts.

[0044] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the change process of the rubber expansion body 3076 from decompression to compression is described. Figure 5 As shown, the rubber expansion body 3076 is in a depressurized state, that is, at this time the self-locking buckle 3073 is located in the depressurized limiting area of ​​the buckle limiting slot plate 3074, the self-locking spring 3072 is in a compressed state, and the expansion body is in a depressurized state. The pressing handle 3077 is pressed upward under the action of external force, and the movable hollow shaft 3075 connected thereto moves upward, causing the buckle limiting slot plate 3074 to move upward, and the self-locking buckle 3073 to escape from the pressure-loss limiting area; after the external force is removed, the movable hollow shaft 3075 moves downward, and under the action of the self-locking spring 3072, the buckle limiting slot plate 3074 connected to the movable hollow shaft 3075 is driven to move downward; since the other end of the self-locking buckle 3073 is tightly fixed to the unwinding shaft 301 with the buckle spring limiting flange 3071, it can only move along the limiting direction of the buckle limiting slot plate 3074 in the pressure-loss limiting area and the pressure-bearing limiting area, from the pressure-loss limiting area to the Figure 6 At the same time, the movable hollow shaft 3075 moves downward, driving the self-locking spring 3072 connected to the upper end to extend, and the self-locking spring 3072 releases the elastic potential energy; at the same time, as Figure 6 As shown, the rubber expansion body 3076 is subjected to downward pressure from the movable hollow shaft 3075 driven by the self-locking spring 3072, so that the rubber expansion body 3076 is compressed to expand radially, which increases the radial pressure on the unwinding drum 306 and tightens the unwinding drum 306 circumferentially and axially.

[0045] On the contrary, if Figure 6As shown in the figure, when the rubber expansion body 3076 is in a compressed state, the pressing handle 3077 is pressed again, and the movable hollow shaft 3075 connected thereto also moves upward, driving the buckle limit slot plate 3074 connected to the movable hollow shaft 3075 to move upward; since the other end of the self-locking buckle 3073 is tightly fixed to the unwinding shaft 301 with the buckle spring limit flange 3071, it can only move along the limiting direction of the compressed limiting area and the pressure-loss limiting area of ​​the buckle limit slot plate 3074, from the pressure-loss limiting area to the pressure-loss limiting area in FIG. Figure 5 At the same time, the movable hollow shaft 3075 moves upward, driving the self-locking spring 3072 connected to the upper end to compress, and the self-locking spring 3072 accumulates elastic potential energy; at the same time, as Figure 5 As shown, the rubber expansion body 3076 loses the downward pressure of the movable hollow shaft 3075 driven by the self-locking spring 3072, so that the rubber expansion body 3076 loses pressure and contracts radially, which reduces the radial pressure on the unwinding drum 306. After pinching the locking slider 3052 in the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306, the unwinding drum 306 can be easily taken out downward.

[0046] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The upper baffle plate 3051, the locking slider 3052 and the lower baffle plate 3054 are each provided with two long holes for limit pins, the two long holes for limit pins are symmetrically arranged, and the limit pins are connected in the long holes for limit pins. The upper baffle plate 3051 and the lower baffle plate 3054 are fixed with bolts, and the two locking sliders 3052 are staggered and fixed between the upper baffle plate 3051 and the lower baffle plate 3054 by limit pins. The locking spring 3053 is installed on the cylindrical locking spring 3053 limit of the spring rectangular mounting groove that cooperates with each other in the locking slider 3052. Due to the existence of the limit pin hole and the limit pin, the locking slider 3052 is allowed to move along the direction of the limit pin hole under the elastic force of the locking spring 3053. It should be noted that in order to ensure the normal sliding of the locking slider 3052, the length of the limit pin long hole processed on the locking slider 3052 needs to be slightly larger than the length of the limit pin long hole on the upper and lower baffles 3054, so as to be connected and slide with the upper baffle 3051 and the lower baffle 3054; See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A clamping groove is set in the center of the locking slider 3052. The locking slider 3052 passes through the opening on the movable hollow shaft 3075 and is then clamped into the locking groove on the unwinding shaft 301, so as to limit and fix the axial direction and lock the shaft end of the unwinding shaft 301; a rectangular groove is machined at the matching position of the locking slider 3052 and the locking spring 3053, and a cylindrical locking spring 3053 is machined in the rectangular groove to limit the position for installing and fixing the locking spring 3053.

[0047] When installing the unwinding drum 306, the upper part of the unwinding drum 306 is installed to the upper limit sleeve 304 of the unwinding drum 306 and tightened, and then the locking slider 3052 is pressed inward at the same time to insert it into the unwinding shaft 301, and the locking slider 3052 is loosened. The locking spring 3053 pushes the locking slider 3052 out, and the locking slider 3052 limits the axial movement of the lower part of the unwinding drum 306. At the same time, due to the action of the internal locking spring 3053, the upper locking slider 3052 and the lower locking slider 3052 are correspondingly sleeved on the unwinding shaft 301 at the position of the locking groove to achieve the locking of the unwinding shaft 301.

[0048] The movable hollow shaft 3075 passes through the center of the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306. An opening is provided on the movable hollow shaft 3075. The quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 extends into the locking groove on the unwinding shaft 301 through the above-mentioned opening of the movable hollow shaft 3075. When the locking sliders 3052 at both ends of the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 are released, the two locking sliders 3052 will be staggered due to the action of the internal locking springs 3053, and the upper baffle 3051 and the lower baffle 3054 will cooperate to be stuck in the locking groove of the unwinding shaft 301, thereby tightly fixing the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 on the unwinding shaft 301.

[0049] In one embodiment, the rubber expansion body 3076 will expand in the radial direction when subjected to pressure from top and bottom, and the bottom of the rubber expansion body 3076 directly presses against the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306, and the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 is tightly clamped on the unwinding shaft 301. Therefore, after the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306 is installed, the bottom of the rubber expansion body 3076 is completely fixed and does not move. When the movable hollow shaft 3075 is pressed by the pressing handle installed on the movable hollow shaft 3075, the movable hollow shaft 3075 will move. When the rubber expansion body 3076 is in a depressurized state, the pressing handle is pressed upward and then released, and the movable hollow shaft 3075 moves upward first and then downward, and the self-locking spring 3072 extends downward from the compressed state. At the same time, the lower part of the rubber expansion body 3076 is fixed by the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306, and the upper part of the rubber expansion body 3076 is pressed by the downward pressure of the movable hollow shaft 3075 driven by the self-locking spring 3072, so that the unwinding drum 306 is axially tightened; at the same time, the rubber expansion body 3076 can only expand radially, so that the rubber expansion body 3076 expands radially, so that the unwinding drum 306 is subjected to increased radial pressure, and the unwinding drum 306 is circumferentially tightened. Through the above process, the unwinding drum 306 can be locked axially and circumferentially at the same time. On the contrary, when the rubber expansion body 3076 is in a compressed state, the pressing handle is pressed upwards, the self-locking spring 3072 is compressed from the extended state, and the movable hollow shaft 3075 moves upward, so that the downward pressure of the movable hollow shaft 3075 on the rubber expansion body 3076 disappears, the rubber expansion body 3076 loses pressure, and then contracts radially, which reduces the radial pressure on the unwinding drum 306. After pinching the locking slider 3052 in the quick-change limit device 305 of the unwinding drum 306, the unwinding drum 306 can be easily replaced without disassembling any parts of the unwinding device.

Claims

1. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions, comprising an unwinding shaft and an unwinding drum sleeved on the unwinding shaft, wherein a magnetic powder brake is connected to one end of the unwinding shaft, characterized in that: The unwinding shaft is provided with an axial positioning device for axially positioning the unwinding drum and a spring self-locking shaft device for radially positioning the unwinding drum; The axial positioning device includes an unwinding drum upper limit device fixedly connected to the unwinding shaft and an unwinding drum quick-change limit device for realizing the lower limit of the unwinding drum and capable of quickly replacing the unwinding drum, and the unwinding drum is arranged on the unwinding shaft between the unwinding drum upper limit device and the unwinding drum quick-change limit device; The spring self-locking shaft device is located in the unwinding drum, and one end of the unwinding drum is against the upper limit device of the unwinding drum, and the other end of the unwinding drum is against the lower limit device of the unwinding drum. The middle part of the unwinding drum is connected to the unwinding shaft through the spring self-locking device.

2. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spring self-locking shaft device includes a snap spring limiting flange and a movable hollow shaft, the unwinding shaft is provided with a shaft shoulder, the snap spring limiting flange is sleeved on the unwinding shaft, and one end of the snap spring limiting flange is against the shaft shoulder, and the other end is connected to the movable hollow shaft through a self-locking spring sleeved on the unwinding shaft, and the movable hollow shaft is matched and sleeved on the unwinding shaft; The movable hollow shaft is also connected to the buckle spring limiting flange through a limiting connection device; A ring platform is also fixedly arranged on the movable hollow shaft, and a rubber expansion body that is forced to expand radially is sleeved on the movable hollow shaft between the unwinding drum quick-change limit device and the ring platform; When the movable hollow shaft is pushed by force to connect the rubber expansion body with the ring platform and squeeze the rubber expansion body, the rubber expansion body expands radially and tightens the unwinding drum; When the movable hollow shaft is pulled by force to pull the rubber expansion body away from the ring platform, the rubber expansion body radially shrinks and resets and releases the winding drum.

3. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The limit connection device includes a buckle limit slot plate and a self-locking buckle, the buckle limit slot plate is fixedly arranged on the circumference of one end of the movable hollow shaft connected to the self-locking spring, the buckle limit slot plate is provided with a lower limit slot hole, the buckle spring limit flange is provided with a through hole along the radial direction of the unwinding shaft, and an upper limit slot hole is provided on the circumference of the unwinding shaft at a position corresponding to the through hole; The self-locking buckle is in the shape of a bow-shaped rod. One end of the self-locking buckle passes through the through hole and is engaged in the upper limit slot, and the other end of the self-locking buckle extends into and is engaged in the lower limit slot.

4. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower limit slot includes two self-locking limit areas, and the two self-locking limit areas are connected by a slideway; Two self-locking limit areas are arranged along the axial direction of the unwinding shaft, the self-locking limit area close to the buckle spring limit flange is a pressure limit area, and the other self-locking limit area is a pressure-loss limit area; When the rubber expansion body expands and locks the unwinding drum, one end of the self-locking buckle is located in the pressure limiting area. When the rubber expansion body resets and releases the unwinding drum, one end of the self-locking buckle is located in the pressure-loss limiting area.

5. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the position limiting connection devices is two, and the two position limiting connection devices are centrally symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the movable hollow shaft.

6. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A locking groove is arranged at the position of the unwinding shaft connected with the unwinding drum quick-change limiting device, and an opening is arranged on the movable hollow shaft. The unwinding drum quick-change limiting device is extended into the opening and connected with the locking groove.

7. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The unwinding drum quick-change limit device comprises an upper baffle and a lower baffle which are sleeved on the movable hollow shaft and fixedly connected; The upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are provided with corresponding slide grooves on their facing surfaces, and the slide grooves penetrate the upper baffle plate or the lower baffle plate along the radial direction of the unwinding axis, and locking sliders are slidably provided in the slide grooves; A clamping groove for the movable hollow shaft to pass through is provided at the center of the locking slide block; The locking slider located in the slide groove provided on the upper baffle is the upper locking slider, and the locking slider located in the slide groove provided on the lower baffle is the lower locking slider; The upper locking slider is connected to the lower locking slider through a locking spring, and the locking springs are arranged on both sides of the clamping groove; The upper locking slider and the lower locking slider are stepped along the sliding direction and matched and connected to each other; There are two locking grooves, which are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the unwinding shaft; there are two openings, which are respectively arranged on the circumference of the movable hollow shaft corresponding to the locking grooves; The corresponding positions of the upper locking slider and the lower locking slider pass through the openings and are locked and connected to the locking grooves; When the upper locking slider and the lower locking slider are pressed or released, the upper locking slider and the lower locking slider move closer to or away from each other, causing the locking spring to contract or reset, and the clamping grooves on the upper locking slider and the lower locking block penetrate or misalign with each other, so that the upper locking slider and the lower locking block are disengaged from or locked in the locking grooves.

8. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the movable hollow shaft away from one end of the self-locking spring is fixedly connected with a pressing handle through a screw.

9. A composite material unwinding mechanism with quick-change and self-locking functions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The unwinding drum upper limit device includes an unwinding drum upper limit sleeve and a limit nut. The unwinding drum upper limit sleeve is sleeved on the unwinding shaft. The limit nut is located on the side of the unwinding drum upper limit sleeve away from the unwinding drum, and the limit nut is fixedly connected to the unwinding shaft through a thread.

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