Peanut fertilizer and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a peanut fertilizer and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The peanut fertilizer mainly comprises urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium molybdate and seaweed essence. Wherein the urea, the potassium nitrate and the dipotassium phosphate are used for supplementing N, P and K required by the peanuts, ensuring nutrient balance of the peanuts and promoting absorption of medium and trace elements. The calcium sulfate is used for supplementing calcium elements required by growth of nutritional organs such as peanut pods, roots, stems and leaves. Magnesium sulfate is used for supplementing sulfur elements required by growth of peanut root systems and pods and in the blooming period. Manganese sulfate is used for promoting flowering and fruiting of peanuts and improving the yield and quality of peanuts. The peanut fertilizer disclosed by the invention can remarkably improve the yield of peanuts, the main stem height, the side branch length, the branch number, the full fruit number, the hundred-fruit weight, the root length, the root weight and the root nodule number of the peanuts, and reduce the number of blighted fruits, the number of rotten fruits and the number of young fruits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a peanut fertilizer and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. Background Art

[0002] Peanut is an important agricultural crop. Its fruit contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as a variety of mineral nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, etc. It contains 8 essential amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids for the human body, as well as lecithin, choline, carotene, crude fiber and other substances. In the cultivation of peanuts, due to the serious shortage of organic fertilizer sources in farmers, the traditional fertilizers used for peanuts are usually only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other fertilizers. The use of the above traditional fertilizers alone will lead to an unbalanced nutritional structure, which will lead to various nutrient deficiencies in peanuts and excessive poisoning of certain elements, affecting the growth of peanuts and making it difficult to increase the yield of peanuts. In addition, due to the unreasonable fertilizer structure and its adverse effects on the soil, the quality of peanuts is poor, the grains are not full, the oil yield is low, the nutrients are few, and the undesirable ingredients exceed the standard.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN1085884A discloses a special foliage fertilizer for peanuts, which contains trace element inorganic salts required for peanut plant development and fruiting, and also contains appropriate amounts of 5406 and 8010 insecticide biological preparations for disease resistance and insecticide, as well as acetylsalicylic acid, phenol, borax, boric acid and cyclopentane. The special foliage fertilizer for peanuts is applied to peanut plants to improve peanut yield and quality, and to prevent and treat peanut diseases. However, the special foliage fertilizer for peanuts contains toxic and harmful chemicals such as insecticide biological preparations, acetylsalicylic acid, and phenol, which affect the safety of peanut planting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a peanut fertilizer, which can solve the problem that the current peanut fertilizer contains insecticide biological preparations and toxic and harmful chemical substances such as acetylsalicylic acid and phenol, which affect the safety of peanut planting.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of peanut fertilizer, which can solve the problem that the current peanut fertilizer used to increase peanut yield contains insecticide biological preparations and toxic and harmful chemical substances such as acetylsalicylic acid and phenol, which affects the safety of peanut planting.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the peanut fertilizer of the present invention is:

[0007] A peanut fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 300-500 parts of urea, 200-500 parts of potassium nitrate, 100-200 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 50-80 parts of calcium sulfate, 20-50 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10-50 parts of manganese sulfate, 10-20 parts of chelated iron, 4-8 parts of boric acid, 0.1-0.5 parts of ammonium molybdate and 300-400 parts of seaweed essence.

[0008] The peanut fertilizer of the present invention is mainly composed of urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium molybdate and seaweed essence. Among them, urea, potassium nitrate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate are used to supplement N, P and K required by peanuts, ensure the nutritional balance of peanuts, and promote the absorption of medium and trace elements. Calcium sulfate is used to supplement the calcium element required for the growth of peanut pods, roots, stems and leaves and other nutritional organs. Magnesium sulfate is used to supplement the sulfur element required for the growth of peanut roots and pods and the peak flowering period. Manganese sulfate is used to promote the flowering and fruiting of peanuts and improve the yield and quality of peanuts. Manganese is one of the essential components for the activity of multiple enzymes in peanuts. It can promote the activity of certain enzymes in peanuts, thereby improving the photosynthesis and nutrient absorption capacity of peanuts and promoting the flowering and fruiting of peanuts. Manganese also has an important regulatory effect on the growth and development process of peanuts, and it can improve the yield and quality of peanuts. Manganese can promote the growth rate and growth intensity of peanuts, increase the number and quality of peanut fruits, and improve the taste and flavor of peanuts. Iron is an element necessary for the synthesis of chlorophyll. Chelated iron participates in the redox reaction and electron transfer in peanut cells. Iron and organic matter can synthesize cytochrome, iron redox protein and leghemoglobin, etc., which play an important role in nitrate reduction in peanut plants and nitrogen fixation by rhizobia. Boron has the function of strengthening the conducting tissue. Boron can improve nitrogen fixation of peanut rhizobia and improve the drought resistance of peanuts. In the reproductive body of peanuts, the part with the highest boron content is the flower, especially the stigma and ovary. Boron can stimulate the germination of peanut pollen and the elongation of pollen tube, which is beneficial to fertilization. Molybdenum is an indispensable element in the nitrogen fixation process of peanut rhizobia. It can promote protein synthesis and increase chlorophyll content. Good molybdenum nutrition can promote the development of nodules and make them larger. In the process of peanut growth and development, molybdenum can promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by peanut plants, promote the growth of peanut root system, and improve the immunity and stress resistance of plants. Seaweed extract is rich in a variety of trace mineral elements required for the growth of peanuts. The peanut fertilizer of the present invention can significantly increase the yield of peanuts, the height of the main stem of peanuts, the length of side branches, the number of branches, the number of full fruits, the weight of 100 fruits, the length of roots, the weight of roots and the number of nodules, and reduce the number of barren fruits, rotten fruits and young fruits.

[0009] Preferably, the peanut fertilizer is a liquid preparation, and the peanut fertilizer comprises water.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of urea is 300-500 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 200-500 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 100-200 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 50-80 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 20-50 mg / L, the concentration of manganese sulfate is 10-50 mg / L, the concentration of chelated iron is 10-20 mg / L, the concentration of boric acid is 4-8 mg / L, the concentration of ammonium molybdate is 0.1-0.5 mg / L, and the concentration of seaweed essence is 300-400 mg / L.

[0011] The technical solution adopted in the application of the peanut fertilizer of the present invention is:

[0012] A use of the peanut fertilizer as described above in increasing peanut yield and / or improving peanut plant trait indicators, wherein the improved peanut plant trait indicators are increasing the main stem height, side branch length, branch number, number of full fruits, weight per 100 fruits, root length, root weight, number of nodules, and / or reducing the number of empty fruits, rotten fruits, and young fruits of peanuts.

[0013] The peanut fertilizer of the present invention utilizes the interaction between the various components to increase the yield of peanuts, increase the main stem height, side branch length, branch number, full fruit number, 100 fruit weight, root length, root weight, and root nodule number of peanuts, and reduce the number of empty fruit, rotten fruit, and young fruit.

[0014] Preferably, the peanut fertilizer is a liquid preparation, and 500-600 mL of peanut fertilizer is applied per acre of peanuts.

[0015] Preferably, the peanut fertilizer is diluted 2 to 10 times with water and then sprayed on the peanut plants.

[0016] Preferably, the use further comprises applying base fertilizer before sowing peanuts.

[0017] Preferably, the base fertilizer is N15P15K15 compound fertilizer.

[0018] Preferably, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 35-40 kg / mu. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the variance analysis results of peanut yields under different treatment methods in Experimental Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the variance analysis results of the number of full fruits per plant under different treatment methods in Experimental Example 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the variance analysis results of 100-fruit weight under different treatment methods in Experimental Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the variance analysis results of the nodule numbers under different treatment methods in Experimental Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram comparing the peanut yields of peanut fertilizers with different formulations at different usage amounts in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram comparing the peanut yields corresponding to the peanut fertilizers of different formulations at different usage amounts in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram comparing the number of peanut nodules corresponding to different dosages of peanut fertilizers with different formulations in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram comparing the number of peanut nodules corresponding to peanut fertilizers of different formulas at different usage amounts in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the number of full peanuts corresponding to different dosages of peanut fertilizers with different formulations in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram comparing the number of full peanuts corresponding to peanut fertilizers of different formulas at different usage amounts in Experimental Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The peanut fertilizer of the present invention is a pioneering invention. The present invention compounds urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium molybdate and seaweed essence, and utilizes the mutual cooperation between the components to increase the yield of peanuts, increase the main stem height, side branch length, branch number, full fruit number, 100 fruit weight, root length, root weight, and root nodule number of peanuts, and reduce the number of empty fruit, rotten fruit, and young fruit of peanuts. Among them, urea, potassium nitrate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate are used to supplement the N, P, and K required by peanuts, ensure the nutritional balance of peanuts, and promote the absorption of medium and trace elements. Calcium sulfate is used to supplement the calcium required for the growth of peanut pods and root stems and leaves and other nutritional organs. Magnesium sulfate is used to supplement the sulfur required for the growth of peanut roots and pods and the peak flowering period. Peanuts have a large demand for calcium, which is significantly higher than other crops. At the same yield level, the calcium requirement of peanuts is 1 times higher than that of soybeans, 2 times higher than that of corn, 4 times higher than that of rice, and 6 times higher than that of wheat. Every 100kg of pods produced requires 1.5 to 3.5kg of calcium. The mobility of calcium in crops is weak, and it is mainly accumulated in nutritional organs such as roots, stems and leaves, accounting for about 83.5% of the total amount of calcium. The accumulation in pods is relatively low, accounting for only about 16.5% of the total amount of calcium absorbed. Peanuts also have a large demand for sulfur. About 1 part of sulfur is required to assimilate 15 parts of nitrogen. Both the roots and pods of peanuts can absorb sulfur. The peak of sulfur absorption is during the flowering period. At this time, the sulfur content in the leaves is the highest, about 0.4%, and the sulfur content in the leaves is about 0.2% during other periods. Manganese sulfate is used to promote the flowering and fruiting of peanuts. Manganese is one of the essential components for the activity of multiple enzymes in plants. It can promote the activity of certain enzymes in peanuts, thereby improving the photosynthesis and nutrient absorption capacity of peanuts, and promoting the flowering and fruiting of peanuts. Manganese sulfate is used to increase the yield and quality of peanuts. Manganese also has an important regulatory role in the growth and development of peanuts, which can increase the yield and quality of peanuts. Manganese can promote the growth rate and growth intensity of peanuts, increase the number and quality of peanut fruits, and improve the taste and flavor of peanuts. Iron is an essential element for the synthesis of chlorophyll. Iron participates in the redox reaction and electron transfer in peanut cells. Iron and organic matter can synthesize cytochrome, iron redox protein and leghemoglobin, etc., which play an important role in the reduction of nitrate in peanut plants and nitrogen fixation by rhizobia. Boron has the effect of strengthening the conductive tissue. Boron can improve the nitrogen fixation of peanut rhizobia and improve the drought resistance of peanuts. In the reproductive body of peanuts, the part with the highest boron content is the flower, especially the stigma and ovary. Boron can stimulate the germination of peanut pollen and the elongation of pollen tubes, which is conducive to fertilization. Molybdenum is an indispensable element in the nitrogen fixation process of peanut rhizobia. It can promote protein synthesis and increase chlorophyll content. Good molybdenum nutrition can promote the development of nodules and make the nodules larger. In the growth and development process of peanuts, molybdenum can promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by peanut plants, promote the growth of peanut roots, and improve the immunity and stress resistance of plants. Seaweed extract is rich in various trace mineral elements required for the growth of peanuts.

[0030] The young fruit number in the present invention refers to the young fruit number when the peanuts are mature and harvested.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] The chelated iron used in Examples 1-3 and the experimental examples of the present invention is conventional in the fertilizer field.

[0033] The mass fraction of carbon in the seaweed essence used in Examples 1-3 of the present invention and the experimental examples is 27.26%, the mass fraction of nitrogen is 0.86%, the mass concentration of phosphorus is 64.5 mg / kg, the mass concentration of potassium is 83 g / kg, the mass concentration of sulfur is 35 g / kg, the mass concentration of calcium is 242 mg / kg, the mass concentration of magnesium is 425 mg / kg, the mass concentration of iron is 1556 mg / kg, the mass concentration of manganese is 23 mg / kg, the mass concentration of copper is 1.5 mg / kg, and the mass concentration of zinc is 6.5 mg / kg.

[0034] 1. The specific embodiments of the peanut fertilizer of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The peanut fertilizer of this embodiment is composed of urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, seaweed essence and water. The concentration of urea is 300 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 50 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 20 mg / L, the concentration of manganese sulfate is 20 mg / L, the concentration of chelated iron is 20 mg / L, the concentration of boric acid is 5 mg / L, the concentration of ammonium molybdate is 0.5 mg / L, and the concentration of seaweed essence is 400 mg / L.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The peanut fertilizer of this embodiment is composed of urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, seaweed essence and water. The concentration of urea is 500 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 500 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 100 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 80 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 50 mg / L, the concentration of manganese sulfate is 50 mg / L, the concentration of chelated iron is 10 mg / L, the concentration of boric acid is 4 mg / L, the concentration of ammonium molybdate is 0.1 mg / L, and the concentration of seaweed essence is 300 mg / L.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] The peanut fertilizer of this embodiment is composed of urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, seaweed essence and water. The concentration of urea is 400 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 300 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 150 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 60 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 40 mg / L, the concentration of manganese sulfate is 10 mg / L, the concentration of chelated iron is 15 mg / L, the concentration of boric acid is 8 mg / L, the concentration of ammonium molybdate is 0.2 mg / L, and the concentration of seaweed essence is 350 mg / L.

[0041] Second, the specific embodiments of the application of the peanut fertilizer of the present invention are as follows:

[0042] Any peanut fertilizer of Examples 1-3 is diluted 2 to 10 times with water and then sprayed on the peanut plants, with 500 mL of peanut fertilizer applied per mu of peanuts. The peanut fertilizer is applied during the flowering and pod-setting stages of the peanuts.

[0043] Experimental Example 1

[0044] In order to clarify the yield-increasing effect of the peanut fertilizer of the present invention in a high-yield peanut field, the peanut fertilizer of Example 1 was used in combination with conventional fertilization to treat peanut plants of the variety Zhuhua No. 6. Four experimental groups and one control group were set up during the treatment, and all experiments were carried out at the same time and in the same experimental field.

[0045] The planting and management method of the experimental field is: ridge sowing, the sowing date is June 12, 2023, one ridge has two rows, and the ridge spacing is 80cm; the peanut density in the experimental field is 12,500 holes per mu. During the experiment, the experimental field was divided into 15 plots, each of which was 5.6m long, 4.76m wide, and 26.67m in area. 2 (0.04 mu), and three plots were randomly selected for each experiment.

[0046] Among them, the four experimental groups were treatment A, treatment B, treatment C, and treatment D. The treatment method of the control group CK was conventional fertilization, the treatment method of treatment A was spraying nutrient solution twice + conventional fertilization, the treatment method of treatment B was spraying nutrient solution once + conventional fertilization, the treatment method of treatment C was spraying nutrient solution once + conventional fertilization minus 15%, and the treatment method of treatment D was spraying nutrient solution once + conventional fertilization minus 30%. Conventional fertilization refers to applying 2kg of N15P15K15 compound fertilizer to each plot before sowing, conventional fertilization minus 15% refers to applying 1.7kg of N15P15K15 compound fertilizer to each plot before sowing, conventional fertilization minus 30% refers to applying 1.4kg of N15P15K15 compound fertilizer to each plot before sowing, spraying the nutrient solution once refers to diluting the peanut fertilizer of Example 1 by 5 times and spraying it on the peanut plants during the flowering and needle-setting stage, and the corresponding amount of peanut fertilizer per mu of peanut plants is 500mL, spraying the nutrient solution twice refers to diluting the peanut fertilizer of Example 1 by 5 times and spraying it on the peanut plants during the flowering and needle-setting stage and the podding stage, respectively, and the corresponding amount of peanut fertilizer per mu of peanut plants for each spraying is 500mL.

[0047] After the experiment, the harvest was conducted on October 13, 2023. Two ridges with uniform growth were selected from each plot for harvest. The peanut yield and peanut biological traits corresponding to different treatment methods were statistically analyzed at harvest, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. I, II, and III in Table 1 represent the peanut pod yields of three plots corresponding to different treatment methods; when calculating the peanut biological traits, five peanut plants were randomly selected in each plot for trait investigation, and then the average value of the peanut plant traits in the three plots corresponding to the same treatment method was taken as the peanut plant trait result under the treatment method.

[0048] Table 1 Peanut pod yield results statistics

[0049]

[0050] Table 2 Biological characteristics of peanuts harvested by different treatment methods

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Table 1, the yield of treatment A was the highest, at 283.17 kg / mu, which was 12.78% higher than the conventional fertilization of CK. The yield of treatment B was 266.26 kg / mu, which was 6.04% higher than that of CK. The yield of treatment C was 251.97 kg / mu, which was 0.35% higher than that of CK. The yield of treatment D was 225.72 kg / mu, which was 10.10% lower than that of CK.

[0054] SPSS software was used to conduct variance analysis on peanut yield under different treatment methods. The results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown. From the multiple comparison table, it can be seen that there are significant differences between treatment A and CK, treatment B and treatment D, and spraying the nutrient solution twice can significantly increase the peanut yield. There is no significant difference in yield between treatment B, treatment C and CK, indicating that the peanut yield corresponding to spraying the nutrient solution once and reducing the application of compound fertilizer by 15% is equivalent. The above results show that applying the nutrient solution twice can significantly increase the peanut yield, and spraying the nutrient solution once can reduce the application of compound fertilizer by 15%.

[0055] As shown in Table 2, by comparing CK and treatment A, the application of nutrient solution can significantly increase the number of peanut nodules, thereby improving the nitrogen fixation capacity of the peanut root system. By comparing treatments D, C, B, and A, it can be seen that with the increase in the amount of nutrient solution sprayed and compound fertilizer applied, the main stem height, side branch length, number of branches, number of full fruits, and 100-fruit weight of peanuts increased, while the number of empty fruits, rotten fruits, and young fruits decreased.

[0056] The weight of full fruits, 100 fruits and number of nodules per plant were analyzed by variance analysis. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that treatment A can significantly increase the number of full fruits, weight of 100 fruits, and number of nodules compared with CK, increasing by 2.1, 5.1g, and 24.43, respectively. Compared with CK, the number of full fruits, weight of 100 fruits, and number of nodules in treatment B increased by 0.9, 1.07g, and 10.77, respectively. Under the condition of spraying the same nutrient solution, the number of nodules of peanut plants increased with the decrease in the amount of fertilizer, indicating that the nutrient solution can promote the formation of rhizobia and increase the number of nodules.

[0057] According to the above experimental results, spraying the nutrient solution twice can significantly improve the characteristics of peanut plants and increase peanut yield. The highest yield of treatment A is 283.17kg / mu, which is 12.78% higher than the conventional fertilization of CK, and the yield of treatment B is 266.26kg / mu, which is 6.04% higher than CK. The yield of treatment C is 251.97kg / mu, which is 0.35% higher than the yield of CK, and the yield of treatment D is 225.72kg / mu, which is 10.10% lower than CK. Treatment A can significantly improve the number of full fruits, 100-fruit weight, and number of nodules compared to CK, increasing by 2.1, 5.1g, and 24.43 respectively. The number of full fruits, 100-fruit weight, and number of nodules of treatment B compared to CK increased by 0.9, 1.07g, and 10.77 respectively. The peanut fertilizer of the present invention can significantly promote the formation of peanut nodules, which is of great significance to the increase of peanut production and weight loss.

[0058] Experimental Example 2

[0059] In order to clarify the effects of different concentrations and different ratios of trace elements on the growth and development of peanuts, to improve the effect of topdressing at the key time of peanut growth and development, and to find the best peanut fertilizer formula, only the base fertilizer was applied to the peanut plants of Zhuhua No. 6 as the control group, and the base fertilizer and peanut fertilizers of different formulas were applied to the peanut plants of Zhuhua No. 6 at the same time as the experimental group. During the experiment, the experimental field was divided into small plots of the same area, each of which was 5.6m long, 4.76m wide and 26.67m in area. 2 (0.04 mu), and three plots were randomly selected for each experiment.

[0060] The base fertilizer is N15P15K15 compound fertilizer, and the application rate is 40kg / mu, which is 1.6kg per plot. The formula numbers of peanut fertilizer are A1, A2, and A3.

[0061] Peanut fertilizer A1 consists of urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate and water. The concentration of urea is 300 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 50 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 20 mg / L, and the concentration of manganese sulfate is 20 mg / L.

[0062] Peanut fertilizer A2 consists of urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid and water. The concentration of urea is 300 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 50 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 20 mg / L, the concentration of manganese sulfate is 20 mg / L, the concentration of chelated iron is 20 mg / L, and the concentration of boric acid is 5 mg / L.

[0063] Peanut fertilizer A3 is composed of urea, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, chelated iron, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, seaweed essence and water. The concentration of urea is 300 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 50 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 20 mg / L, the concentration of manganese sulfate is 20 mg / L, the concentration of chelated iron is 20 mg / L, the concentration of boric acid is 5 mg / L, the concentration of ammonium molybdate is 0.5 mg / L, and the concentration of seaweed essence is 400 mg / L.

[0064] Each type of peanut fertilizer was diluted and sprayed on peanut plants in the form of diluted liquid during the flowering and needle-setting stage and the podding stage. Each type of peanut fertilizer was applied in different dosages. The dosage numbers of the peanut fertilizers were B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, respectively. B1 means that 50 mL of peanut fertilizer was diluted into 2500 mL of diluted liquid and then sprayed on 1 mu of peanuts each time. B2 means that 150 mL of peanut fertilizer was diluted into 2500 mL of diluted liquid and then sprayed on 1 mu of peanuts each time. B3 means that 250 mL of peanut fertilizer was diluted into 2500 mL of diluted liquid and then sprayed on 1 mu of peanuts each time. B4 means that 375 mL of peanut fertilizer was diluted into 2500 mL of diluted liquid and then sprayed on 1 mu of peanuts each time. B5 means that 500 mL of peanut fertilizer was diluted into 2500 mL of diluted liquid and then sprayed on 1 mu of peanuts each time.

[0065] After the experiment, the harvest was conducted on October 13, 2023. Two ridges with uniform growth were selected from each plot for harvest. The peanut pod yield results corresponding to different treatments are shown in Table 3, and the peanut biological traits corresponding to different treatments are shown in Table 4. Replication 1, Replication 2, and Replication 3 in Table 3 represent the peanut pod yields of three plots corresponding to different treatments.

[0066] Table 3 Peanut pod yield results statistics

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Table 4 Biological characteristics of peanuts corresponding to different treatment methods

[0070]

[0071] As shown in Table 3, the yield of treatment A3B5 was the highest, at 276.47 kg / mu, which was 18.95% higher than the conventional fertilization of CK. The yields of treatments A2B5 and A3B4 were 271.51 kg / mu and 272.68 kg / mu, respectively, which were 16.81% and 17.32% higher than the CK. In the B2-B5 treatments, the CK achieved an increase in yield to varying degrees. As the concentration of foliar fertilizer spraying increased, the yield increase effect gradually increased. The peanut yields of peanut fertilizers with different formulations at different usage rates were plotted, and the results are shown in the figure. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown. Figure 5 It can be seen that in the A2 group, B5 significantly increased the yield of peanut pods compared with other treatments, and in the A3 group, B4 and B5 significantly increased the yield of peanut pods compared with CK, increasing by 17.32% and 18.95% respectively. Figure 6It can be seen that in the B1, B2, and B3 groups, different treatments had no significant effect on peanut yield; in the B4 group, A1 and A3 significantly increased peanut pod yield compared to CK, by 11.79% and 17.32% respectively; in the B5 group, A2 and A3 significantly increased peanut pod yield compared to CK, by 16.81% and 18.95% respectively. The results show that under the peanut fertilizer dosage of B4 and B5, spraying peanut fertilizer A3 can significantly increase peanut pod yield.

[0072] As shown in Table 4, compared with CK, the application of peanut fertilizer can significantly increase the number of peanut nodules, thereby improving the nitrogen fixation ability of peanut roots, increasing the root length, root weight, number of full fruits and weight of 100 fruits of peanut plants, and reducing the number of rotten fruits of peanuts. With the further improvement of foliar fertilizer formula and the increase of foliar fertilizer concentration, the effect is more obvious. The number of peanut nodules under different dosages of peanut fertilizers with different formulas is plotted, and the results are as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. Figure 7 It can be seen that in the A2 group, B5 significantly increased the number of nodules compared with CK, with the number of nodules increasing by 21.3. In the A3 group, the number of nodules in each treatment compared with CK increased, and B4 and B5 achieved significant effects, increasing by 17.6 and 27.6 respectively. Figure 8 It can be seen that in the B4 and B5 groups, the number of nodules in each treatment compared with CK was increased, and A3 achieved a significant effect. The number of full peanut fruits of different peanut fertilizers at different usage rates was plotted, and the results are as follows: Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown. Fig. 9 It can be seen that in the A1, A2, and A3 groups, B5 significantly increased the number of full peanut fruits compared with CK. In the A3 group, each treatment increased the number of full peanut fruits compared with CK, among which B4 and B5 had significant increases, by 3 and 3.3 respectively. Fig.10 It can be seen that in the B3, B4, and B5 groups, each treatment compared with CK can increase the number of full peanut fruits. Among them, in the B3 and B4 groups, A3 compared with CK significantly increased the number of full peanut fruits. In the B5 group, A1, A2, and A3 compared with CK can significantly increase the number of full peanut fruits, which increased by 0.9, 1.2, and 3.3 respectively.

[0073] From the above experimental results, it can be seen that applying base fertilizer (N15P15K15 compound fertilizer) and peanut fertilizer with formula A3 to peanut plants at the same time can significantly improve the characteristics of peanut plants, increase the number of peanut nodules and full fruits, and increase peanut yield. The number of nodules, the number of full fruits and the yield increased by 27.6, 3.3 and 44.04 kg / mu respectively.

Claims

1. A peanut fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of urea, 200-500 parts of potassium nitrate, 100-200 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 50-80 parts of calcium sulfate, 20-50 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10-50 parts of manganese sulfate, 10-20 parts of chelated iron, 4-8 parts of boric acid, 0.1-0.5 parts of ammonium molybdate and 300-400 parts of seaweed essence.

2. The peanut fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The peanut fertilizer is a liquid preparation, and the peanut fertilizer includes water.

3. The peanut fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of urea is 300-500 mg / L, the concentration of potassium nitrate is 200-500 mg / L, the concentration of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 100-200 mg / L, the concentration of calcium sulfate is 50-80 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate is 20-50 mg / L, the concentration of manganese sulfate is 10-50 mg / L, the concentration of chelated iron is 10-20 mg / L, the concentration of boric acid is 4-8 mg / L, the concentration of ammonium molybdate is 0.1-0.5 mg / L, and the concentration of seaweed essence is 300-400 mg / L.

4. A use of the peanut fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for increasing peanut yield and / or improving peanut plant trait indicators, wherein the improved peanut plant trait indicators are increasing the main stem height, side branch length, branch number, number of full fruits, 100-fruit weight, root length, root weight, number of nodules of peanuts, and / or reducing the number of empty fruits, rotten fruits, and young fruits of peanuts.

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that The peanut fertilizer is a liquid preparation, and 500-600 mL of the peanut fertilizer is applied per acre of peanuts.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The peanut fertilizer is diluted 2 to 10 times with water and then sprayed on the peanut plants.

7. The use according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The application also includes applying base fertilizer before sowing peanuts.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that The base fertilizer is N15P15K15 compound fertilizer.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The application amount of the base fertilizer is 35-40 kg / mu.

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