Environment-friendly plant fiber tableware and processing technology thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses environment-friendly plant fiber tableware and a processing technology thereof, and relates to the technical field of tableware materials, the environment-friendly plant fiber tableware comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30-50 parts of modified wood flour, 60-80 parts of melamine resin, 12-20 parts of corn starch, and 5-15 parts of calcium carbonate; and kneading the modified wood flour and melamine resin at 55-75 DEG C for 30-50 minutes to obtain a kneaded material, and then uniformly mixing the kneaded material, corn starch and calcium carbonate to obtain the environment-friendly plant fiber tableware material. Graphene and quaternary ammonium salt structures are introduced into the modified wood powder, tableware can be endowed with excellent antibacterial performance, the introduced graphene oxide can reduce the surface tension of water, an ultrathin hydrophilic film is formed on the surface of the tableware, the function of rapidly washing and removing oil stains can be achieved, and then the problem that the tableware contaminated with the oil stains is not easy to clean is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tableware materials, and in particular to an environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the safety and environmental performance of tableware, the prior art uses plant fibers to prepare tableware. Plant fiber tableware is made of wheat straw, guide trough or corn, etc., which are decomposed to obtain plant fibers, and then an appropriate amount of additives such as adhesives and release agents are mixed into the plant fibers, and then injected into a mold, and pressed into shape using a dry pressing method under high temperature and high pressure. Since plant fibers have good biodegradability and do not produce substances harmful to the human body, plant fiber tableware has attracted more and more attention. In addition, compared with pulp mold tableware, its raw material sources are wide, and no wood is consumed at all, which is conducive to reducing the cost of tableware.

[0003] Although plant fiber tableware has the above advantages, its disadvantages are: plant fiber tableware has poor water resistance. When it is in contact with water for a long time, it is easy to absorb water, and the water penetrates into the tableware, causing the tableware to soften and become unusable; in addition, tableware made of plant fibers such as wood powder is easy to breed bacteria, affecting the health of users. Therefore, the wide application of wood powder in the tableware industry is severely limited. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a plant fiber tableware with good water resistance and antibacterial function. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware and a processing technology.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of modified wood powder, 60-80 parts of melamine resin, 12-20 parts of corn starch, and 5-15 parts of calcium carbonate;

[0007] The modified wood powder is prepared by the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, adding wood powder to a 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass, stirring evenly, heating to 85-95°C, keeping warm and stirring for 2 hours, then taking out, washing with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and obtaining activated wood powder for standby use; adding nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide to deionized water, stirring at a constant speed for 15 minutes at room temperature, then adding activated wood powder, heating to 75°C, and evenly stirring. The mixture was stirred at high speed and reacted for 10 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed and filtered to obtain carboxylated wood powder. The weight ratio of the wood powder and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was controlled to be 2-3 g: 80-100 mL, and the amount ratio of the activated wood powder, nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-hydroxysuccinimide and deionized water was 1-2 g: 0.2-0.3 g: 0.4-0.6 g: 0.1-0.2 g: 150-200 mL.

[0009] In step S1, the wood powder is first activated by an alkaline solution to introduce more hydroxyl groups on the surface of the wood powder, and then the carboxyl groups on nitrilotriacetic acid are activated by 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide, and then esterification reaction occurs after blending with the activated wood powder, thereby introducing carboxyl groups on the surface of the wood powder;

[0010] Step S2, adding the prepared carboxylated wood powder to acetone, stirring at a uniform speed and adding 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, heating to 40-45° C., stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 30 minutes, adding anhydrous potassium carbonate after the reaction is completed, heating to 70° C., stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 1 hour, adding 1,3-dibromopropane dropwise after the reaction is completed, and continuing the reaction for 6-8 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is completed, filtering, washing, and obtaining grafted wood powder, wherein the amount ratio of carboxylated wood powder, 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, anhydrous potassium carbonate, 1,3-dibromopropane and acetone is controlled to be 1-2g:2-3g:10g:2.5-3mL:100-150mL;

[0011] In step S2, the carboxylated wood powder first reacts with the amino groups on 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and then 1,3-dibromopropane is added, and the halogenated hydrocarbon can react with the remaining amino groups to prepare the grafted wood powder, and the halogenated hydrocarbon structure is introduced on the surface of the grafted wood powder;

[0012] Step S3, adding the grafted wood powder and the modified graphene oxide into deionized water, heating to 90°C while stirring, keeping the temperature for reaction for 12 hours, cooling to 0°C after the reaction, dropping a 10% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution by mass, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 2 hours, freeze-drying after the reaction to obtain modified wood powder, and controlling the weight ratio of the grafted wood powder, the modified graphene oxide and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution to be 3-5:1:0.5-1.

[0013] In step S3, the halogenated hydrocarbon structure on the grafted wood powder reacts with the pyridine structure on the modified graphene oxide to form a quaternary ammonium salt, and a sodium hypochlorite solution is added for further chlorination to obtain a modified wood powder. The modified wood powder introduces graphene and quaternary ammonium salt structures, which can give the tableware excellent antibacterial properties. The introduced graphene oxide can reduce the surface tension of water, forming an ultra-thin hydrophilic film on the surface of the tableware, which can achieve the function of quickly washing away oil stains with water, thereby solving the problem that tableware stained with oil is difficult to clean.

[0014] Furthermore, the melamine resin is A5 type melamine resin.

[0015] Furthermore, the modified graphene oxide is prepared by the following steps:

[0016] The graphene oxide prepared by Hummer's was added to a 40% methanol aqueous solution by volume, and ultrasonically exfoliated at 600W for 1h, then 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine was added, nitrogen was introduced to exclude air, and then a cobalt source was irradiated for 30-45min to obtain modified graphene oxide. The amount ratio of graphene oxide, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine and methanol aqueous solution was 0.5-1g:1.2-1.5g:100-150mL.

[0017] A processing technology for environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware includes the following steps:

[0018] The modified wood powder and melamine resin are kneaded at 55-75° C. for 30-50 minutes to obtain a kneaded material, and then the kneaded material, corn starch and calcium carbonate are evenly mixed to obtain an environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware material.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention prepares an environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware, using modified wood powder as a matrix material. Graphene and quaternary ammonium salt structures are introduced into the modified wood powder, which can give the tableware excellent antibacterial properties, and the introduced graphene oxide can reduce the surface tension of water, forming an ultra-thin hydrophilic film on the surface of the tableware, which can achieve the function of quickly washing away oil stains with water, thereby solving the problem that tableware stained with oil is difficult to clean. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: An environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of modified wood flour, 60 parts of melamine resin, 12 parts of corn starch, and 5 parts of calcium carbonate;

[0022] The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware is made through the following steps:

[0023] The modified wood powder and melamine resin were kneaded at 55° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a kneaded material, and then the kneaded material, corn starch and calcium carbonate were evenly mixed to obtain environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware.

[0024] The modified wood powder is prepared by the following steps:

[0025] Step S1, adding wood powder to a 10% by mass sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, stirring evenly, heating to 85°C, keeping warm and stirring for 2 hours, then taking out, washing with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and obtaining activated wood powder for standby use; adding nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide to deionized water, stirring at a uniform speed for 15 minutes at room temperature, then adding activated wood powder, heating to 75°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 10 minutes, washing and filtering after the reaction is completed, and obtaining carboxylated wood powder, wherein the weight ratio of wood powder to sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is controlled to be 2g:80mL, and the amount ratio of activated wood powder, nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-hydroxysuccinimide and deionized water is 1g:0.2g:0.4g:0.1g:150mL;

[0026] Step S2, adding the prepared carboxylated wood powder to acetone, stirring at a uniform speed and adding 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, heating to 40°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 30 minutes, adding anhydrous potassium carbonate after the reaction, heating to 70°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 1 hour, adding 1,3-dibromopropane dropwise after the reaction, and continuing the reaction for 6 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction, filtering, washing, and obtaining grafted wood powder, wherein the amount ratio of carboxylated wood powder, 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, anhydrous potassium carbonate, 1,3-dibromopropane and acetone is controlled to be 1g:2g:10g:2.5-3mL:100mL;

[0027] Step S3, adding the grafted wood powder and the modified graphene oxide into deionized water, heating to 90°C while stirring, keeping the temperature for reaction for 12 hours, cooling to 0°C after the reaction, dropping a 10% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution by mass, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 2 hours, freeze-drying after the reaction to obtain modified wood powder, and controlling the weight ratio of the grafted wood powder, the modified graphene oxide and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution to be 3:1:0.5.

[0028] The melamine resin is A5 type melamine resin.

[0029] The modified graphene oxide is prepared by the following steps:

[0030] The graphene oxide prepared by Hummer's was added to a 40% methanol aqueous solution by volume, and ultrasonically exfoliated at 600W for 1h, then 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine was added, nitrogen was introduced to exclude air, and then cobalt source irradiation was performed for 30min to obtain modified graphene oxide. The amount ratio of graphene oxide, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine and methanol aqueous solution was 0.5g:1.2g:100mL.

[0031] Example 2: An environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified wood flour, 70 parts of melamine resin, 15 parts of corn starch, and 10 parts of calcium carbonate;

[0032] The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware is made through the following steps:

[0033] The modified wood powder and melamine resin were kneaded at 60° C. for 45 minutes to obtain a kneaded material, and then the kneaded material, corn starch and calcium carbonate were evenly mixed to obtain environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware.

[0034] The modified wood powder is prepared by the following steps:

[0035] Step S1, adding wood powder to a 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass, stirring evenly, heating to 90°C, keeping warm and stirring for 2h, then taking out, washing with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and obtaining activated wood powder for standby use; adding nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide to deionized water, stirring at a uniform speed for 15min at room temperature, then adding activated wood powder, heating to 75°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 10min, washing and filtering after the reaction is completed, and obtaining carboxylated wood powder, wherein the weight ratio of wood powder to sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is controlled to be 2.5g:90mL, and the amount ratio of activated wood powder, nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-hydroxysuccinimide and deionized water is 1.5g:0.2g:0.5g:0.1g:180mL;

[0036] Step S2, adding the prepared carboxylated wood powder to acetone, stirring at a uniform speed and adding 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, heating to 42°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 30 minutes, adding anhydrous potassium carbonate after the reaction is completed, heating to 70°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 1 hour, adding 1,3-dibromopropane dropwise after the reaction is completed, and continuing to react for 8 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is completed, filtering, washing, and obtaining grafted wood powder, wherein the amount ratio of carboxylated wood powder, 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, anhydrous potassium carbonate, 1,3-dibromopropane and acetone is controlled to be 1.5g:2.5g:10g:2.5mL:140mL;

[0037] Step S3, adding the grafted wood powder and the modified graphene oxide into deionized water, heating to 90° C. while stirring, keeping the temperature for reaction for 12 hours, cooling to 0° C. after the reaction is completed, dropping a 10% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution by mass, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 2 hours, freeze-drying after the reaction is completed to obtain modified wood powder, and controlling the weight ratio of the grafted wood powder, the modified graphene oxide and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution to be 4:1:0.8.

[0038] The melamine resin is A5 type melamine resin.

[0039] The modified graphene oxide is prepared by the following steps:

[0040] The graphene oxide prepared by Hummer's was added to a 40% methanol aqueous solution by volume, and ultrasonically exfoliated at 600W for 1h, then 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine was added, nitrogen was introduced to exclude air, and then cobalt source irradiation was performed for 30-45min to obtain modified graphene oxide. The amount ratio of graphene oxide, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine and methanol aqueous solution was 0.8g:1.4g:140mL.

[0041] Example 3: An environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified wood flour, 80 parts of melamine resin, 20 parts of corn starch, and 15 parts of calcium carbonate;

[0042] The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware is made through the following steps:

[0043] The modified wood powder and melamine resin were kneaded at 75°C for 50 minutes to obtain a kneaded material, and then the kneaded material, corn starch and calcium carbonate were evenly mixed to obtain environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware.

[0044] The modified wood powder is prepared by the following steps:

[0045] Step S1, adding wood powder to a 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction, stirring evenly, heating to 95° C., keeping warm and stirring for 2 hours, then taking out, washing with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and obtaining activated wood powder for standby use; adding nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide to deionized water, stirring at a uniform speed for 15 minutes at room temperature, then adding activated wood powder, heating to 75° C., stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 10 minutes, washing and filtering after the reaction is completed, and obtaining carboxylated wood powder, wherein the weight ratio of wood powder to sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is controlled to be 3g:100mL, and the amount ratio of activated wood powder, nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-hydroxysuccinimide and deionized water is 2g:0.3g:0.6g:0.2g:200mL;

[0046] Step S2, adding the prepared carboxylated wood powder to acetone, stirring at a uniform speed and adding 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, heating to 45°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 30 minutes, adding anhydrous potassium carbonate after the reaction is completed, heating to 70°C, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 1 hour, adding 1,3-dibromopropane dropwise after the reaction is completed, and continuing to react for 8 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is completed, filtering, washing, and obtaining grafted wood powder, wherein the amount ratio of carboxylated wood powder, 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, anhydrous potassium carbonate, 1,3-dibromopropane and acetone is controlled to be 2g:3g:10g:3mL:150mL;

[0047] Step S3, adding the grafted wood powder and the modified graphene oxide into deionized water, heating to 90°C while stirring, keeping the temperature for reaction for 12 hours, cooling to 0°C after the reaction, dropping a 10% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution by mass, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 2 hours, freeze-drying after the reaction to obtain modified wood powder, and controlling the weight ratio of the grafted wood powder, the modified graphene oxide and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution to be 5:1:1.

[0048] The melamine resin is A5 type melamine resin.

[0049] The modified graphene oxide is prepared by the following steps:

[0050] The graphene oxide prepared by Hummer's was added to a 40% methanol aqueous solution by volume, and ultrasonically exfoliated at 600W for 1h, then 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine was added, nitrogen was introduced to exclude air, and then cobalt source irradiation was performed for 5min to obtain modified graphene oxide. The amount ratio of graphene oxide, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine and methanol aqueous solution was 1g:1.5g:50mL.

[0051] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example uses commercially available wood powder doped with graphene (weight ratio 3:1) instead of modified wood powder.

[0052] The properties of the tableware materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0053] Antibacterial performance: The antibacterial performance of the tableware materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 was tested in accordance with the "Evaluation Methods and Standards for Disinfection and Sterilization Effects". The results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056] It can be seen from Table 1 above that the tableware materials prepared in Examples 1-3 have good antibacterial properties, and the tableware is made more hydrophilic by chemical grafting.

[0057] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of modified wood powder, 60-80 parts of melamine resin, 12-20 parts of corn starch, and 5-15 parts of calcium carbonate; The modified wood powder is prepared by the following steps: Step S1, adding wood powder to a 10% by mass sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, stirring evenly, heating to 85-95° C., keeping warm and stirring for 2 hours, then taking out, washing with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and obtaining activated wood powder for standby use; adding nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide to deionized water, stirring at a constant speed for 15 minutes at room temperature, then adding activated wood powder, heating to 75° C., stirring at a constant speed and reacting for 10 minutes, washing and filtering after the reaction is completed, and obtaining carboxylated wood powder; Step S2, adding the prepared carboxylated wood powder to acetone, stirring at a uniform speed and adding 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, heating to 40-45° C., stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 30 minutes, adding anhydrous potassium carbonate after the reaction, heating to 70° C., stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 1 hour, adding 1,3-dibromopropane dropwise after the reaction, continuing the reaction for 6-8 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction, filtering, washing, and obtaining grafted wood powder; Step S3, adding the grafted wood powder and modified graphene oxide into deionized water, heating to 90°C while stirring, keeping the temperature for reaction for 12 hours, cooling to 0°C after the reaction, dropping 10% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution at a mass fraction, stirring at a uniform speed and reacting for 2 hours, freeze-drying after the reaction to obtain modified wood powder.

2. The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melamine resin is A5 type melamine resin.

3. The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the weight ratio of wood powder and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is controlled to be 2-3 g:80-100 mL, and the amount ratio of activated wood powder, nitrilotriacetic acid, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-hydroxysuccinimide and deionized water is controlled to be 1-2 g:0.2-0.3 g:0.4-0.6 g:0.1-0.2 g:150-200 mL.

4. The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the dosage ratio of carboxylated wood powder, 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, anhydrous potassium carbonate, 1,3-dibromopropane and acetone is controlled to be 1-2 g: 2-3 g: 10 g: 2.5-3 mL: 100-150 mL.

5. The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the weight ratio of the grafted wood powder, the modified graphene oxide and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution is controlled to be 3-5:1:0.5-1.

6. The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified graphene oxide is prepared by the following steps: The graphene oxide prepared by Hummer's was added to a 40% methanol aqueous solution by volume, and ultrasonically exfoliated at 600W for 1 hour, then 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine was added, nitrogen was introduced to exclude air, and then cobalt source irradiation was performed for 30-45 minutes to obtain modified graphene oxide.

7. The environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of graphene oxide, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine and methanol aqueous solution is controlled to be 0.5-1 g:1.2-1.5 g:100-150 mL.

8. The processing technology of the environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: The modified wood powder and melamine resin are kneaded at 55-75° C. for 30-50 minutes to obtain a kneaded material, and then the kneaded material, corn starch and calcium carbonate are evenly mixed to obtain an environmentally friendly plant fiber tableware material.

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