Catalyst for seawater electrolysis hydrogen production as well as preparation method and application of catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a catalyst for seawater electrolysis hydrogen production and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of materials.The catalyst for seawater electrolysis hydrogen production comprises a catalyst body and an interface layer; wherein the interface layer is hydrogel which is coated on the surface of the catalyst and contains metal oxide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating the surface of a catalyst with hydrogel containing a metal oxide, uniformly pressing, and drying to obtain the catalyst for seawater electrolysis hydrogen production. According to the invention, the surface of the catalyst is uniformly coated with the hydrogel layer containing the specific metal oxide to construct a stable interface layer, so that the catalytic activity and long-term stability of the catalyst in the seawater electrolysis process can be effectively enhanced; and the method has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in operation, low cost and environmental protection, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and has wide application prospects and important economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of material technology, and in particular relates to a catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the growing global demand for renewable energy, hydrogen energy, as an efficient and clean energy carrier, has almost zero carbon emissions in its production process. Hydrogen production through seawater electrolysis can produce green hydrogen on a large scale, which helps reduce dependence on fossil fuels and promotes the greening of the energy structure. Therefore, seawater electrolysis, as a sustainable energy conversion technology, is one of the important ways to achieve clean energy transformation. However, one of the main challenges faced in the seawater electrolysis process is the efficiency and stability of the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER). OER is a key step in the water electrolysis process, and its efficiency directly affects the energy conversion efficiency and cost of the entire system.

[0003] Although traditional precious metal catalysts (such as platinum and ruthenium) are highly active, they are expensive, which limits their large-scale application. Therefore, the development of efficient and low-cost non-precious metal catalysts is an important challenge. In addition, seawater contains a variety of ions and impurities, such as chloride ions, which easily react with catalysts, resulting in catalyst deactivation or performance degradation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a catalyst with good corrosion resistance and chemical stability to ensure long-term stable electrolysis performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater, and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention:

[0008] A catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater, comprising: a catalyst and an interface layer;

[0009] Wherein, the interface layer is a hydrogel containing metal oxides coated on the surface of the catalyst.

[0010] Optionally, the catalyst includes one or more of non-precious metal-based hydroxides, non-precious metal-based oxides, or non-precious metal-based phosphides.

[0011] Optionally, the metal oxide has a high energy barrier property for chloride ion diffusion, and includes manganese oxide and cerium oxide. More preferably, manganese oxide;

[0012] The concentration of the metal oxide in the hydrogel is 50-200 mmol / L.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The present invention uniformly coats the catalyst surface with a hydrogel layer containing a specific metal oxide to construct a stable interface layer. The selected metal oxide has a high energy barrier property for chloride ion diffusion, which can effectively enhance the catalytic activity and long-term stability of the catalyst in the seawater electrolysis process.

[0014] Optionally, the preparation process of the hydrogel containing metal oxide is:

[0015] The gel matrix is ​​dissolved in a solvent, and metal oxide powder is added thereto, and mixed uniformly to form a suspended colloid;

[0016] The suspended colloid is then added dropwise into a mixed solution containing a cross-linking agent and a pH regulator to perform gelation treatment to obtain a hydrogel containing metal oxides.

[0017] Furthermore, the usage ratio of the gel matrix to the solvent is 1-5 g:100 mL.

[0018] Further, the gel matrix comprises chitosan; and / or

[0019] The solvent included 2 vol% acetic acid.

[0020] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the cross-linking agent to the pH adjuster in the mixed solution is 10-15:1.

[0021] The cross-linking agent comprises sodium hydroxide solution; and / or

[0022] The pH adjuster includes sodium acetate solution.

[0023] Technical solution 2 of the present invention

[0024] A method for preparing a catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater comprises the following steps:

[0025] The hydrogel containing metal oxides is evenly coated on the surface of the catalyst, pressed evenly, and then dried to obtain a catalyst for hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The process of the present invention is simple and the conditions are mild, the operation is convenient, the cost is low, and it is green and efficient. There are no overly harsh experimental conditions during the synthesis process. The prepared hydrogel interface layer is suitable for improving the performance of various catalysts.

[0027] Optionally, the coating amount of the hydrogel containing metal oxide is 10mg-50mg / 1.5cm 2 .

[0028] Optionally, the conditions during the drying process are:

[0029] Dry at 60-80℃ for 3h.

[0030] The third technical solution of the present invention:

[0031] The above-mentioned catalyst for hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis is used in the fields of hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis, metal-air batteries and fuel cells.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention significantly optimizes the OER catalytic performance in NaCl-containing electrolytes by introducing a hydrogel interface layer, showing multiple beneficial technical effects. First, the hydrogel interface layer with a three-dimensional network structure can effectively isolate the direct contact between the catalyst and the electrolyte, reduce the corrosion and degradation of the catalyst by the electrolyte, and thus greatly improve the stability and service life of the catalyst. - The high energy barrier characteristic of diffusion can effectively prevent the diffusion of chloride ions in seawater, further protecting the catalyst from corrosion and deactivation. Under high current conditions, the catalyst coated with hydrogel exhibits significant long-term stability. The synergistic effect of the interfacial layer and the catalyst further enhances the activity of the catalyst and significantly reduces the overpotential of OER.

[0034] 2. The present invention adopts non-precious metal catalysts and low-cost hydrogel materials, which reduces the preparation cost, and the preparation process is simple, the conditions are mild, and the operation is convenient. It conforms to the concept of green chemistry and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0035] 3. The method of the present invention is not only applicable to nickel-iron based catalysts, but can also be widely used in surface modification and performance improvement of other catalysts. Through simple process adjustment, it can be optimized according to different catalytic requirements, with high flexibility and scalability.

[0036] In summary, the present invention significantly improves the activity and stability of the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production catalyst through the design and application of the hydrogel interface layer, while reducing the preparation cost, and has broad application prospects and important economic and environmental benefits. In addition, the method of the present invention has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, green environmental protection, etc., and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Figure 1This is a scanning electron microscope photo of the NiFe glue @NF prepared in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope photo of the NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1;

[0040] Figure 3 This is the EDS image of NiFe glue @NF prepared in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 4 X-ray diffraction spectra of NiFe@NF prepared in Example 1 and NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1;

[0042] Figure 5 (a) is the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the 2p orbital of Mn in the NiFe@NF prepared in Example 1; (b) and (c) are the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the 2p orbital of Ni and Fe in the NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1, respectively;

[0043] Figure 6 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of the NiFe glue @NF prepared in Example 1 and the NiFe @NF prepared in Comparative Example 1;

[0044] Figure 7 The stability curves of NiFe@NF prepared in Example 1 and NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1 at 130 mA are shown;

[0045] Figure 8 The Tafel curves of the NiFe@NF prepared in Example 1 and the NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1 are shown;

[0046] Fig. 9 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of the phosphated NiFe paste @NF prepared in Example 2 and the phosphated NiFe @NF prepared in Comparative Example 2;

[0047] Fig.10 The stability curves of the prepared phosphated NiFe glue @NF and the phosphated NiFe @NF prepared in comparative example 2 under a large current of 200 mA;

[0048] Fig.11 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of the NiFe glue @CC prepared in Example 3 and the NiFe @CC prepared in Comparative Example 3;

[0049] Fig.12 The stability curves of NiFe glue @CC prepared in Example 3 and NiFe@CC prepared in Comparative Example 3 at 50 mA are shown;

[0050] Fig.13 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of NiFe glue @ NF-1gMnO prepared in Comparative Example 4 and NiFe @ NF prepared in Comparative Example 1;

[0051] Fig.14 This is a linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curve of the NiFe glue @ NF-58 mg coating amount prepared in Comparative Example 5 and the NiFe @ NF prepared in Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0054] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0055] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0056] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0057] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolysis of seawater enhanced by a hydrogel interface layer, comprising the following steps:

[0058] The gel matrix is ​​dissolved in a solvent, and then specific metal oxide powder is added and mixed evenly to form a suspended colloid; the above-mentioned suspended colloid is then dropped into a solution containing a cross-linking agent and a pH adjuster to form a hydrogel; finally, the hydrogel layer is evenly coated on the catalyst surface to construct a stable interface layer.

[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the gel matrix includes, but is not limited to, chitosan.

[0060] In some alternative embodiments, the solvent includes, but is not limited to, acetic acid.

[0061] In some optional embodiments, the metal oxide in the hydrogel interface layer has a high energy barrier property for the diffusion of chloride ions and can effectively prevent the penetration of chloride ions in seawater, including but not limited to manganese oxide and cerium oxide.

[0062] In some alternative embodiments, the hydrogel cross-linking agent includes, but is not limited to, sodium hydroxide solution.

[0063] In some optional embodiments, the pH adjuster includes but is not limited to sodium acetate solution.

[0064] In some optional embodiments, the catalyst coated by the hydrogel includes, but is not limited to, one or more of a non-noble metal-based hydroxide, a non-noble metal-based oxide, or a non-noble metal-based phosphide.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, the coating process includes but is not limited to coating the hydrogel colloid onto the catalyst surface and pressing it evenly with a glass plate.

[0066] In some optional embodiments, the coating amount of the hydrogel interface layer is 10mg-50mg / 1.5cm 2 .

[0067] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a hydrogel interface layer enhanced seawater electrolysis hydrogen production catalyst obtained according to the above preparation method.

[0068] The above hydrogel interface layer enhances the application of seawater electrolysis hydrogen production catalyst in seawater electrolysis hydrogen production.

[0069] The technical principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0070] The present invention is based on the design and application of the hydrogel interface layer, and realizes the preparation of a catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolysis of seawater with high efficiency and low cost through the following key steps. A hydrogel containing metal oxides is prepared by a simple chemical synthesis method. Specifically, the gel matrix is ​​dissolved in a solvent, and then a specific metal oxide powder is added and mixed uniformly to form a suspension. Finally, the above-mentioned suspended colloid is dripped into a solution containing a cross-linking agent and a pH regulator to form a hydrogel.

[0071] The hydrogel layer is then evenly coated on the catalyst surface to construct a stable interface layer. The performance of the hydrogel interface layer is further optimized by precisely controlling the metal oxide content and coating process parameters to ensure its high efficiency and stability in practical applications.

[0072] The raw materials used in the present invention are all purchased from the market.

[0073] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] A method for preparing a catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater comprises the following steps:

[0076] (1) Grind 0.3 g of manganese oxide powder thoroughly to obtain uniform fine particles;

[0077] (2) dissolving 1 g of chitosan in 2% acetic acid (V / V, 40 mL), and then adding the manganese oxide particles obtained in step (1) to the above solution under mechanical stirring to obtain a uniformly suspended colloid;

[0078] (3) adding the suspended colloid obtained in step (2) dropwise into 100 mL of a mixed solution of NaOH and CH3COONa (wherein the concentration of the crosslinking agent NaOH is 1.25 M and the concentration of the pH adjusting agent CH3COONa is 0.1 M), gelling for 3 h, then washing with deionized water until neutral, and drying at 35° C. for 24 h to obtain a hydrogel containing manganese oxide;

[0079] (4) A three-electrode system was used to measure the nickel foam (1×1.5 cm) after pretreatment (the pretreatment was specifically: ultrasonication in anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes respectively and then dried and stored). 2 ) was electrodeposited in an electrolytic cell with a graphite carbon rod as a counter electrode, Ag / AgCl as a reference electrode, and an electrolyte of 12 mmol / L nickel nitrate hexahydrate and 9 mmol / L ferric nitrate nonahydrate. The deposition was performed at -1 V for 900 seconds, and the dried product was recorded as the electrocatalyst NiFe@NF;

[0080] (5) The hydrogel obtained in step (3) (20 mg) was evenly coated on NiFe@NF and further pressed evenly using a glass plate, and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 3 h for later use, which was recorded as NiFe gel@NF.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] The difference from Example 1 is that the electrocatalyst NiFe@NF obtained by electrodeposition is not coated with a hydrogel layer.

[0083] Figure 1The following are scanning electron microscope images of the NiFe paste@NF prepared in Example 1. (a) is a surface image, and (b) is a cross-sectional image. Figure 1 As shown, Figure (a) shows the surface of the hydrogel after coating, and the uniformity of the coating can be seen; the cross-sectional view (b) shows that the hydrogel and the nickel foam are in close contact.

[0084] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope photos of NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1, (a) is a surface view, (b) is a cross-sectional view; it can be seen from the figure that nickel iron hydroxide has been successfully and evenly deposited on the NF surface;

[0085] Figure 3 This is the EDS image of NiFe glue @NF prepared in Example 1. Figure 3 (a) and (b) show that the nickel iron hydroxide catalyst has been successfully and evenly electrodeposited onto the NF surface. The manganese and nitrogen elements in (c) and (d) are evenly distributed, indicating that the interface layer of chitosan hydrogel (containing N) containing manganese oxide (containing Mn) has been evenly attached to the NF surface.

[0086] Figure 4 The X-ray diffraction spectra of NiFe@NF prepared in Example 1 and NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1 are shown in FIG. Figure 4 It can be seen that the diffraction peaks at 36.19° and 59.59° correspond to the (200) and (311) crystal planes of MnO (PDF#03-1145), while the diffraction peaks at 44.49°, 51.84° and 76.38° correspond to the (111), (200) and (220) crystal planes of Ni (PDF#87-0712).

[0087] Figure 5 (a) is the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the 2p orbital of Mn in the NiFegel@NF prepared in Example 1, indicating the successful coating of the hydrogel containing manganese oxide; (b) and (c) are the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the 2P orbitals of Ni and Fe in the NiFe@NF obtained in Comparative Example 1. It can be seen that coating the hydrogel will not affect the stable existence of the previously deposited nickel-iron hydroxide.

[0088] Figure 6 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of the NiFe gel @ NF prepared in Example 1 and the NiFe @ NF prepared in Comparative Example 1 are used for the electrochemical performance test of the oxygen evolution process in a three-electrode system. In the electrolytic cell, a platinum sheet is used as the counter electrode, Hg / HgO is used as the reference electrode, and the products of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 are directly used as the working electrode without treatment. The electrolyte is 1 mol / L KOH and NaCl solution. When the NiFe @ NF is not coated with hydrogel, the current is 50 mA / cm 2The overpotential is 281 mV at a current density of 50 mA / cm. In comparison, the overpotential of NiFe glue@NF coated with hydrogel electrocatalyst is 281 mV at a current density of 50 mA / cm 2 The overpotential was 261 mV at a current density of , demonstrating that the synthesized hydrogel has significant catalytic properties.

[0089] Figure 7 The stability curves of NiFe@NF prepared in Example 1 and NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1 at 130 mA show that the potential difference of NiFe@NF at 20-100 h is 22 mV when the hydrogel is not coated. In contrast, the potential difference of NiFe@NF at 20-100 h is 5 mV after the hydrogel electrocatalyst is coated, which proves that the synthesized hydrogel not only has good catalytic performance, but also can significantly improve stability.

[0090] Figure 8 The Tafel curves of NiFe glue @NF prepared in Example 1 and NiFe @NF prepared in Comparative Example 1 show that the Tafel slope of NiFe glue @NF is 139 mV·dec -1 , demonstrating a significant improvement in kinetics (the Tafel slope of NiFe@NF is 166 mV·dec -1 ).

[0091] Example 2

[0092] A method for preparing a catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater comprises the following steps:

[0093] (1)-(3) are the same as in Example 1;

[0094] (4) The NiFe@NF prepared in step (4) of Example 1 was further subjected to the following operation: the mixture was placed in a tube furnace under an Ar2 atmosphere, 500 mg of disodium hypophosphite was placed in a crucible, the temperature was raised to 350°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min, and pyrolysis was performed for 2 h to obtain a final product, which was recorded as phosphated NiFe@NF;

[0095] (5) The hydrogel obtained in step (3) is uniformly coated on the phosphated NiFe@NF, and the obtained product is recorded as phosphated NiFe gel@NF.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] The difference from Example 2 is that no hydrogel coating is performed, and only NiFe@NF is phosphated.

[0098] Fig. 9The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of the phosphated NiFe gel@NF prepared in Example 2 and the phosphated NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 2 are the same as above. It can be seen that when the phosphated NiFe@NF is not coated with hydrogel after phosphating, the current is 50mA / cm 2 The overpotential at the current density of 279mV is 279mV. In comparison, the overpotential of phosphating NiFe gel@NF after phosphating and then coating with hydrogel is 279mV at the current density of 50mA / cm 2 The overpotential is 260 mV at a current density of .0447 W. The phosphating and then coating hydrogel after electrodeposition also has good catalytic performance.

[0099] Fig.10 The stability curves of the prepared phosphated NiFe@NF and the phosphated NiFe@NF prepared in comparative example 2 under a large current of 200mA show that the potential difference of the phosphated NiFe@NF at 20-100h is 18mV when no hydrogel is coated after phosphating. In contrast, the potential difference of the phosphated NiFe@NF at 20-100h after phosphating and then coating with hydrogel is 4mV, which proves that phosphating after electrodeposition and then coating with hydrogel can also significantly improve stability.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] The difference from Example 1 is that the base nickel foam is replaced with carbon cloth, and the product obtained in step (4) is recorded as NiFe@CC; the product obtained in step (5) is recorded as NiFe glue@CC.

[0102] Comparative Example 3

[0103] The difference from Example 3 is that no hydrogel coating is performed, only NiFe@CC.

[0104] Fig.11 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of the NiFe@CC prepared in Example 3 and the NiFe@CC prepared in Comparative Example 3 are the same as above. It can be concluded that the NiFe@CC at 50 mA / cm 2 The overpotential is 317 mV at a current density of 50 mA / cm. In comparison, the overpotential of NiFe glue@CC at 50 mA / cm 2 The overpotential is 295 mV at a current density of , proving that the synthesized hydrogel also has good catalytic performance on the CC substrate.

[0105] Fig.12The stability curves of NiFe@CC prepared in Example 3 and NiFe@CC prepared in Comparative Example 3 at 50 mA show that the potential difference of NiFe@CC at 20-100 h is 33 mV. In comparison, the potential difference of NiFe@CC at 20-100 h after coating with hydrogel electrocatalyst is 12 mV, which proves that the synthesized hydrogel not only has good catalytic performance, but also can significantly improve stability.

[0106] Comparative Example 4

[0107] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of manganese oxide is increased to 1 g.

[0108] Fig.13 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of NiFe@NF-1gMnO prepared in Comparative Example 4 and NiFe@NF prepared in Comparative Example 1 are shown in the figure. The test method is the same as above. It can be seen that when NiFe@NF is not coated with hydrogel, it has a high current density at 50 mA / cm 2 The overpotential is 281 mV at a current density of 50 mA / cm. In comparison, the overpotential of NiFe@NF-1gMnO after coating with hydrogel is 281 mV at a current density of 50 mA / cm 2 The overpotential is 285 mV at a current density of .38 Å. It can be seen that when the manganese oxide content in the hydrogel is not within a reasonable range, it does not have good catalytic performance.

[0109] Comparative Example 5

[0110] The difference from Example 1 is that the coating amount of the hydrogel is increased to 58 mg / 1.5 cm 2 .

[0111] Fig.14 The linear sweep voltammetric characteristic curves of the NiFe gel @ NF-58mg coating prepared in comparative example 5 and the NiFe @ NF prepared in comparative example 1 are shown in the same test method as above. It can be seen that when the NiFe @ NF is not coated with hydrogel, the current is 50mA / cm 2 The overpotential is 281mV at a current density of 50mA / cm. In comparison, the coating of NiFe gel@NF-58mg after hydrogel coating is 281mV at a current density of 50mA / cm 2 The overpotential is 291 mV at a current density of . It can be seen that when the hydrogel coating amount is not within a reasonable range, it does not have good catalytic performance.

[0112] In summary, the hydrogel catalyst obtained by the present invention can be attached to different substrates by a simple coating method. In a simulated seawater solution, the hydrogel improves the stability of working under high current conditions and achieves a significant improvement in catalytic activity. This method overcomes the uncertainty and complexity of interface construction in traditional methods, and the active sites of the prepared catalyst are uniformly dispersed. Compared with traditional catalyst preparation methods, the hydrogel synthesis process of the present invention is simple and mild in conditions, easy to operate, low in cost, green and efficient, and there are no overly harsh experimental conditions during the synthesis process, which is in line with the concept of green chemistry. In addition, the method of the present invention is highly flexible and scalable, and can be adjusted and optimized according to specific catalytic needs. The present invention exhibits efficient catalytic performance and stable performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and can be widely used in energy conversion and storage technologies such as water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and metal-air batteries, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0113] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater, characterized in that: include: Catalyst and interfacial layer; Wherein, the interface layer is a hydrogel containing metal oxides coated on the surface of the catalyst.

2. The catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst includes one or more of a non-noble metal-based hydroxide, a non-noble metal-based oxide or a non-noble metal-based phosphide.

3. The catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal oxide includes manganese oxide; The concentration of the metal oxide in the hydrogel is 50-200 mmol / L.

4. The catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the hydrogel containing metal oxide is as follows: The gel matrix is ​​dissolved in a solvent, and metal oxide powder is added thereto, and mixed uniformly to form a suspended colloid; The suspended colloid is then added dropwise into a mixed solution containing a cross-linking agent and a pH regulator to perform gelation treatment to obtain a hydrogel containing metal oxides.

5. The catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amount ratio of the gel matrix to the solvent is 1-5 g: 100 mL; The molar ratio of the cross-linking agent to the pH adjuster in the mixed solution is 10-15:

1.

6. The catalyst for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of seawater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gel matrix comprises chitosan; and / or The solvent comprises acetic acid; and / or The cross-linking agent comprises sodium hydroxide solution; and / or The pH adjuster includes sodium acetate solution.

7. A method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The hydrogel containing the metal oxide is evenly coated on the surface of the catalyst, pressed evenly, and then dried to obtain the catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolysis of seawater according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The coating amount of the hydrogel containing metal oxide is 10mg-50mg / 1.5cm 2 .

9. The method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conditions in the drying process are: drying at 60-80° C. for 3 hours.

10. Use of the catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolysis of seawater as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 in the fields of hydrogen production by electrolysis of seawater, metal-air batteries and fuel cells.

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