Pile foundation anti-scouring device based on bionic spiral structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure and a construction method.The pile foundation anti-scour device comprises a pile foundation body, the bottom end of the pile foundation body is partially buried in a seabed, a base of the pile foundation anti-scour device is installed at the junction of the seabed surface and a pile foundation, and a plurality of limiting supporting rods are installed around the pile foundation body; the multiple limiting supporting rods are all perpendicular to the base. A fixing sleeve is installed at the position, close to the bottom end, of the pile foundation body in a sleeving mode, and the top ends of the limiting supporting rods are hooped through the fixing sleeve; a screw rod is arranged in a matched mode with each limiting supporting rod as the standard, the top ends of the screw rods are fixed to the fixing sleeve, and the multiple screw rods are arranged in a circumferential mode along the outer portion of the pile foundation body to form a hollow cylinder structure with the pile foundation body as the central axis and the middle expanding outwards; the device aims to change the flowing path and speed of water flow, so that the direct impact force of the water flow on the foundation pile and the erosion effect of the water flow on bed surface silt are reduced, the anti-scouring effect is good, and installation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure and a construction method, belonging to the technical field of offshore wind turbine pile protection. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind power has become a key development area in the new energy power industry due to its advantages such as being close to the power load, stable power generation, and not occupying land resources. However, with the rapid growth of offshore wind power grid-connected installed capacity, its engineering also faces many challenges. Among them, the stability and reliability of offshore wind power foundations is particularly important for the long-term safe and stable operation of wind farms and ensuring economic benefits.

[0003] The interaction between waves and tidal currents increases the stress on the surface of the foundation piles and the surrounding seabed. Under the influence of wave and current loads for a long time, the seabed mud surface is eroded. As time goes by, the scouring range gradually expands, resulting in a decrease in the bearing capacity of the pile foundation and the seabed. In severe cases, scouring may cause the instability of the pile foundation, thereby threatening the safety of the entire project.

[0004] The prior art designs for improving the anti-scour performance of pile foundations, such as the invention with application number 202011130543.7, disclose an automatically installed anti-scour protection device for offshore wind power, including a wind power foundation, the lower part of the wind power foundation is equipped with a bionic grass support assembly, the bionic grass support assembly includes a flexible support layer, bionic grass, a floating ring and a support tube, and the upper ring of the wind power foundation is provided with an electric rope reel, which is connected to the corresponding support tube through a suspension rope, and the electric rope reel can drive the bionic grass support assembly to fold or unfold through the suspension rope. This patent connects the bionic grass through the support assembly. As time goes by, the bionic grass will be slowly eroded by sea water and disappear. When the bionic grass is eroded by sea water and there is not much left, maintenance personnel need to dive to the seabed to replace the waterproof grass. Therefore, the maintenance and installation and replacement of the anti-scour protection device are still relatively cumbersome, resulting in increased maintenance and installation costs.

[0005] In order to solve the problems of cumbersome maintenance and installation and replacement, increased costs, etc., the invention with application number 202311506787.4 discloses an automated installation anti-scour protection device for offshore wind power, including a wind power bearing column, the side of the wind power bearing column is provided with a support member adapted and used to connect bionic grass, and also includes a fixing unit, a clamping unit, an adjustment unit, an up and down moving unit and a rotating unit; the fixing unit is adapted to the wind power bearing column and connected to the upper part of the support member; the clamping unit includes a first bearing frame and a second bearing frame adapted to the wind power bearing column, and the lower part of the clamping unit is clamped to the fixed unit.

[0006] However, although it facilitates the automatic installation, replacement and maintenance of the anti-scour protection device of the wind turbine bearing column, since the pile foundation is installed on the seabed and faces the continuous impact of waves and water flow as well as erosion of mud and sand, the service life of the anti-scour device will inevitably be seriously affected.

[0007] Therefore, in order to improve the anti-scouring performance of the pile foundation and extend the service life of the pile foundation, it is urgent to provide a new pile foundation anti-scouring to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a pile foundation anti-scour device and construction method based on a bionic spiral structure, which aims to change the flow path and speed of water flow, thereby reducing the direct impact force of water flow on the foundation piles and the erosion of bed sediment. It not only has a good anti-scour effect but also is easy to install.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0010] A pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure comprises a pile basic body, wherein the pile foundation main body of the pile basic body is buried in the seabed, a base is arranged at the interface between the seabed surface and the pile foundation main body, a plurality of limit support rods are installed around the pile basic body, and the plurality of limit support rods are arranged perpendicular to the base; a fixing sleeve is sleeved and installed at a position close to the bottom end of the pile basic body, and the fixing sleeve clamps the top ends of the plurality of limit support rods;

[0011] Taking each limit support rod as a reference, a spiral rod is matched and arranged, the top of the spiral rod is fixed to the fixing sleeve, and a plurality of spiral rods are arranged in a circular form along the outside of the pile basic body to form a hollow cylindrical structure with the pile basic body as the central axis and the middle expanding outward;

[0012] The spiral rod is in a spiral shape, and each spiral rod is formed by smoothly connecting a plurality of cross-sectional circles. The plurality of cross-sectional circles are numbered 1, 2, ..., 9 from the base to the fixing sleeve. The hollow cylindrical construction guide line penetrates the center of the cross-sectional circles numbered 1-9, and the plane where the cross-sectional circles numbered 1-9 are located is perpendicular to the hollow cylindrical construction guide line at the corresponding center.

[0013] With the central axis of the limit support rod as the 0° line, the cross-sectional circle numbered 1 is located at a position 262.68° counterclockwise from the 0° line and 28.71 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 3 units;

[0014] The cross-sectional circle numbered 2 is located 69.25° clockwise from the 0° line and 43.36 units away from the center of the pile body, with a radius of 4 units;

[0015] The cross-sectional circle numbered 3 is located 298.21° counterclockwise from the 0° line and 48.27 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 5 units;

[0016] The cross-sectional circle numbered 4 is located 46.14° clockwise from the 0° line and 57.57 units away from the center of the pile body, with a radius of 5 units;

[0017] The cross-sectional circle numbered 5 is located 22.67° clockwise from the 0° line and 62.61 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 5 units;

[0018] The cross-sectional circle numbered 6 is located 4.57° clockwise from the 0° line and 54.40 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 5 units;

[0019] The cross-sectional circle numbered 7 is located 8.12° counterclockwise from the 0° line and 43.36 units away from the center of the pile body, with a radius of 5 units;

[0020] The cross-sectional circle numbered 8 is located 2.33° clockwise from the 0° line and 36.47 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 3 units;

[0021] The cross-sectional circle numbered 9 is located on the 0° line, 28.71 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and has a radius of 3 units;

[0022] Further, taking the bottom surface of the base as the reference plane, setting the direction perpendicular to the base as the height direction, the cross-sectional circle numbered 1 is 0 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 2 is 34.54 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 3 is 40.68 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 4 is 53.52 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 5 is 76.81 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 6 is 100.42 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 7 is 116.99 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 8 is 134.47 units away from the reference plane, and the cross-sectional circle numbered 9 is 163.54 units away from the reference plane;

[0023] Furthermore, a total of twenty of the spiral rods are provided, which are evenly distributed at intervals of 18° along the outer circumference of the pile basic body;

[0024] Furthermore, the base is a disc-shaped structure, the surface of which is tightly fitted with the pile base body and fixedly connected by a plurality of fixing bolts;

[0025] Furthermore, a plurality of mounting holes are evenly opened along the circumference of the fixing sleeve, the distribution distance of the mounting holes matches the distribution distance of the spiral rods, and the top ends of the spiral rods are inserted into the mounting holes;

[0026] According to any one of the construction methods of the pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure, the method comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step S1, before construction, use seabed detection equipment to survey the construction area and determine the installation position of the base;

[0028] Step S2, testing and evaluating the soil conditions at the installation location. If the seabed soil is soft or uneven, level the area and lay concrete slabs around the base after installation.

[0029] Step S3, after the base is firmly installed, the limit support rods are installed in sequence according to the design requirements, with the pile body as the central axis, and the limit support rods are evenly distributed vertically around it, and the bottom ends of the limit support rods are fixed to the base through the slots to form a support frame;

[0030] Step S4, installing the fixing sleeve on the pile basic body and tightening the top of the limiting support rod;

[0031] Step S5, according to the water flow direction and water flow strength, the number of spiral rods is selected, the installation position of the spiral rods is determined, the top ends of the spiral rods are sequentially inserted into the installation holes of the fixing sleeves, and the bottom ends of the spiral rods are fixed to the base through the slots;

[0032] Step S6, after the installation is completed, the connection part is inspected, and the verticality and horizontality of the installed structure are measured using detection equipment to complete the installation work.

[0033] Through the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure provided by the present invention is inspired by the design of the shell spiral shape, has a streamlined outer surface, can effectively change the direction of water flow, reduce turbulent kinetic energy, so that the force of water flow on the pile basic body is significantly reduced, and the water flow is prevented from directly impacting the pile basic body, thereby reducing the wear and damage to the pile basic body;

[0035] 2. The pile foundation anti-scouring device based on the bionic spiral structure provided by the present invention can flexibly adjust the number and distribution position of the spiral rods according to the actual water flow direction and intensity to achieve the best anti-scouring effect;

[0036] 3. The pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure provided by the present invention is also designed with a limiting support structure to stabilize and support the spiral rod, further reduce the vibration and displacement of the device when the water flow impacts, and ensure that the spiral rod will not be offset or deformed due to the impact of strong flow, thereby improving the overall stability of the system and increasing the service life of the scour structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a front schematic diagram of a pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a top enlarged schematic diagram of a pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional circular arrangement of a single spiral rod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional circle of a guide line penetrating a spiral rod space structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the height distance between the cross-section circle of the spiral rod and the base in a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 1 is the pile basic body, 2 is the fixing sleeve, 3 is the base, 4 is the limit support rod, 5 is the spiral rod, and 6 is the installation hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and "first", "second", etc. do not indicate the importance of the components, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution by example, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] As explained in the background technology, although the existing technology provides a good idea for preventing scour of wind turbine pile foundations, it still has defects such as poor economic benefits, cumbersome installation, complex equipment, difficult maintenance, and limited anti-scour effect. In order to solve the defects related to the above-mentioned protective measures, the present application provides a pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure, which is based on the natural structure of the spiral shape of the shell and is designed by imitating the spiral shape of the shell to change the flow path and speed of the water flow, thereby reducing the direct impact force of the water flow on the foundation pile and the erosion of the bed sediment.

[0046] like Figure 1 The figure shows the overall structure of the pile foundation anti-scour device, including a pile basic body 1, the main body of the pile basic body is buried in the seabed, a base 3 is arranged at the interface between the seabed surface and the pile foundation body, and a number of limit support rods 4 are installed around the pile basic body, and the limit support rods are arranged perpendicular to the base; the base is a disc-shaped structure, and its surface fits tightly with the pile basic body, and is fixedly connected by a number of fixing bolts. The design of the base takes into account the protection of seabed sediment, and the close contact with the seabed through the gravity-type structure ensures the stability of the device in long-term operation, avoiding the instability or displacement of the device due to scour. A fixing sleeve 2 is installed near the bottom of the pile basic body, and the fixing sleeve tightens the top ends of the limit support rods.

[0047] As the name implies, the position-limiting support rod has two functions: "position-limiting" and "supporting". Regarding "position-limiting", a spiral rod 5 is matched with each position-limiting support rod, and the top of the spiral rod is fixed to the fixing sleeve. After a plurality of spiral rods are arranged in a circular form along the outside of the pile basic body, a hollow cylindrical structure with the pile basic body as the central axis and the middle expanding outward is formed. The position-limiting support rod is installed vertically around the pile basic body to ensure the accurate installation position of the spiral rod.

[0048] The hollow cylindrical structure described here is a spiral structure. When the seawater impacts the pile body, the streamlined design of the spiral rod separates the water flow and guides it downstream, forming a rotating flow. This rotating effect not only prolongs the flow path of the water flow, but also effectively reduces the speed and turbulent kinetic energy of the water flow. Different from the principle of strengthening the stability of the pile body itself in the existing technology, this application reduces the impact force of the water flow from the source.

[0049] The limiting support rod serves as a "support" and its base is located at the junction of the pile base and the seabed surface. The limiting support rod is connected to the pile base through a plurality of fixing bolts. A fixing sleeve is installed on the top of the spiral rod to firmly connect the flushing device to the foundation pile, thereby keeping the spiral rod stably and firmly installed. This supports the entire device and ensures its reliability in complex marine environments. At the same time, it provides secondary resistance to wave impacts and also protects the pile base.

[0050] In order to ensure the stability of the screw rod installation, it is preferred that: Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of mounting holes 6 are evenly opened along the circumference of the fixing sleeve, and the distribution distance of the mounting holes matches the distribution distance of the spiral rods, and the top ends of the spiral rods are inserted into the mounting holes. Assuming that the mounting holes are numbered 1-20, when the number of the spiral rods is 20, they are inserted into holes 1-20, and when the number of the spiral rods is 10, they are inserted into holes 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19.

[0051] Through the foregoing explanation, one of the most important innovations of the present application is the hollow cylindrical structure composed of a number of spiral rods. This structure forms a buffer space between the spiral rods and the pile basic body, and the limiting support rod is placed in the buffer space. In order to enable the limiting support rod to provide support and limitation for the spiral rod and the spiral rod to reduce the direct impact of water flow on the pile basic body to achieve the best effect, the present application preferably provides a specific morphological structure of the spiral rod.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the spiral rod is in a spiral shape, and each spiral rod is formed by smoothly connecting several cross-sectional circles. For the convenience of description, several cross-sectional circles are numbered 1, 2...9 from the base to the fixed sleeve. The hollow cylindrical construction guide line penetrates the center of the cross-sectional circles numbered 1-9, and the plane where the cross-sectional circles numbered 1-9 are located is perpendicular to the hollow cylindrical construction guide line at the corresponding center.

[0053] Figure 4As shown, with the central axis of the limiting support rod as the 0° line, the cross-sectional circle numbered 1 is located at a position 262.68° counterclockwise rotated from the 0° line, 28.71 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and the radius is 3 units; the cross-sectional circle numbered 2 is located at a position 69.25° clockwise rotated from the 0° line, 43.36 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and the radius is 4 units; the cross-sectional circle numbered 3 is located at a position 298.21° counterclockwise rotated from the 0° line, 48.27 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and the radius is 5 units; the cross-sectional circle numbered 4 is located at a position 46.14° clockwise rotated from the 0° line, 57.57 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and the radius is 5 units; the cross-sectional circle numbered 5 is located at a position The cross-sectional circle No. 6 is located at a position 22.67° clockwise from the 0° line, 62.61 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and has a radius of 5 units; the cross-sectional circle No. 6 is located at a position 4.57° clockwise from the 0° line, 54.40 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and has a radius of 5 units; the cross-sectional circle No. 7 is located at a position 8.12° counterclockwise from the 0° line, 43.36 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and has a radius of 5 units; the cross-sectional circle No. 8 is located at a position 2.33° clockwise from the 0° line, 36.47 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and has a radius of 3 units; the cross-sectional circle No. 9 is located at the 0° line, 28.71 units away from the center of the pile basic body, and has a radius of 3 units.

[0054] Likewise, the overall height of the pile foundation anti-scour device is customized according to the height of the pile base body and the water depth, ensuring that the spiral rod covers the key stress-bearing area of ​​the pile base body and enhancing the anti-scour effect. Figure 5 As shown, taking the bottom surface of the base as the reference plane, the height distance in the direction perpendicular to the base is also limited. The cross-sectional circle numbered 1 is 0 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 2 is 34.54 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 3 is 40.68 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 4 is 53.52 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 5 is 76.81 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 6 is 100.42 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 7 is 116.99 units away from the reference plane, the cross-sectional circle numbered 8 is 134.47 units away from the reference plane, and the cross-sectional circle numbered 9 is 163.54 units away from the reference plane.

[0055] With this streamlined spiral rod design, when upstream seawater flows towards the device, the water flow is separated and guided by the spiral rod, causing the flow velocity to slow down, the flow direction to change, and the turbulent kinetic energy to decrease, so that the water flow no longer directly impacts the pile base. The water flow will spread downstream around the streamlined spiral rod instead of directly impacting the seabed, effectively controlling the stress scouring of the seabed and achieving anti-scouring protection for the pile base and the seabed.

[0056] It should be noted that the casting of the spiral rod adopts a section-by-section casting process, using high-strength and corrosion-resistant alloy materials, and a precisely designed single-unit mold to ensure the consistency of the shape, size and curve of each spiral unit. The molten metal is formed by a vacuum casting process, followed by sand removal, three-dimensional laser polishing and heat treatment to improve its surface finish and mechanical properties. Finally, non-destructive testing is performed to ensure the quality of the casting, and a corrosion-resistant coating is applied to ensure the long-term anti-scouring performance and stability of the spiral rod in the marine environment.

[0057] After the shape of the spiral rod itself is determined, in actual application, since the pile base body is subject to the scouring force of the water flow in all directions, and the scouring force on the pile base body is the strongest in the main direction of the water flow, the number and distribution position of the spiral rods can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual water flow direction and intensity to achieve the best anti-scouring effect.

[0058] Assume that the exposed pile is to bear 500-800kN / m 2 The impact force is reduced by 30%-50% to 250-400kN / m 2 According to the kinetic energy formula of fluid mechanics, E = 1 / 2·mv 2 According to the momentum equation F = Δ(mv) / Δt, the design with significant advantages in hydrodynamic engineering requires the installation of 20 spiral rods uniformly distributed at 18° intervals along the outer circumference of the pile base body. When the water flows through the spiral rods, the spiral rods change the water flow path, generate eddies, and disperse the impact, so that part of the kinetic energy is converted into vortices and dissipated, thereby reducing the local flow velocity; at the same time, the water flow loses more energy during multiple bypasses, avoiding the formation of a fluid concentration area, effectively reducing the impact of the water flow on the structure, and reducing the risk of scouring.

[0059] In view of the above actual working conditions, compared with a smaller number of rods, 20 spiral rods can disperse the water flow more evenly and avoid the impact concentration caused by too large gaps. If the number of spiral rods is greater than 20, the fluid resistance will increase significantly, the friction resistance will increase, and the uneven distribution of stress will be strengthened; secondly, the cost of manufacturing and installing more than 20 rods will increase significantly, the overall construction cost will increase, the maintenance workload will also increase, and the device will also have too many installation holes and the overall weight of the spiral rods will be too large, causing the durability to decrease; in addition, too many spiral rods may weaken the flow vortex effect, affect the weakening effect of the impact force, and may even cause interference between the spiral rods, forming areas of poor flow and increasing the complexity of the design. Therefore, the design of 20 spiral rods provides moderate redundancy in structural stability. Even if some of the spiral rods are damaged, it will not affect the overall protection performance, further enhancing the long-term durability of the structure.

[0060] The above-mentioned pile foundation anti-scour devices based on bionic spiral structures all adopt modular design. All components are assembled through standardized connection methods, which are easy to install and disassemble and suitable for large-scale applications. Through the prefabricated mounting holes and slot structures, the connection between the spiral rod and the fixing sleeve is simpler and more stable. The construction process only requires fixing the base to the pile base body and then installing the spiral rods one by one, which greatly reduces the installation time and cost. The entire surface of the device is treated with anti-corrosion to ensure its long-term stability and durability in seawater or freshwater environments.

[0061] Finally, the present application also provides a construction method of a pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step S1, before construction, use seabed detection equipment to survey the construction area and determine the installation position of the base; after the positioning is completed, the construction personnel can transport the base to the designated location by ship.

[0063] Step S2, inspect and evaluate the soil conditions at the installation location. If the seabed soil is soft or uneven, locally level it. After the base is installed, lay concrete slabs around it. Concrete pouring can be completed by underwater grouting equipment to enhance the stability and anti-slip ability of the base. The base must be designed to be in close contact with the seabed surface to maximize the stability of the device.

[0064] Step S3, after the base is firmly installed, the limit support rods are installed in sequence according to the design requirements, with the pile body as the central axis, and the limit support rods are evenly distributed vertically around it, and the bottom ends of the limit support rods are fixed to the base through the slots to form a support frame;

[0065] Step S4, installing the fixing sleeve on the pile basic body and tightening the top of the limiting support rod;

[0066] Step S5, according to the water flow direction and water flow strength, the number of spiral rods is selected, the installation position of the spiral rods is determined, the top ends of the spiral rods are sequentially inserted into the installation holes of the fixing sleeves, and the bottom ends of the spiral rods are fixed to the base through the slots;

[0067] Step S6, after the installation is completed, the connection part is inspected, and the verticality and horizontality of the installed structure are measured using detection equipment to ensure that it meets the design standards. After the inspection is completed, it can enter the working state and continue to protect the pile base body and the seabed from scouring.

[0068] Of course, after the device starts working, professional divers or underwater robots need to be dispatched regularly for inspection, focusing on checking the tightness of the connection between the spiral rod and the fixed sleeve, as well as the stability of the limit support rod. According to changes in sea conditions, partial replacement or reinforcement of the device should be carried out in a timely manner.

[0069] In order to further improve the operating efficiency of the device, it is possible to consider installing a monitoring system on the anti-scour device. The system consists of a water flow monitoring sensor and a stress monitoring device installed on the device. The sensor can monitor the water flow velocity, the stress state of the device and the structural health status in real time, and transmit the data to the onshore control center. The introduction of the monitoring system can promptly detect potential risks, such as loose devices or abnormal water flow, and facilitate timely adjustments or maintenance.

[0070] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.

[0071] The meaning of "and / or" described in this application means that the situations where each exists alone or both exist at the same time are included.

[0072] The term “connection” as used in this application may mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.

[0073] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pile foundation anti-scour device based on a bionic spiral structure, comprising a pile foundation body, characterized in that: The main part of the pile foundation of the pile basic body is buried in the seabed, a base is arranged at the interface between the seabed surface and the pile foundation main body, and a plurality of limit support rods are installed around the pile basic body, and the plurality of limit support rods are arranged perpendicular to the base; a fixing sleeve is sleeved and installed at a position close to the bottom end of the pile basic body, and the fixing sleeve tightens the top ends of the plurality of limit support rods; Taking each limit support rod as a reference, a spiral rod is matched and arranged, the top of the spiral rod is fixed to the fixing sleeve, and a plurality of spiral rods are arranged in a circular form along the outside of the pile basic body to form a hollow cylindrical structure with the pile basic body as the central axis and the middle expanding outward; The spiral rod is in a spiral shape, and each spiral rod is formed by smoothly connecting a plurality of cross-sectional circles. The plurality of cross-sectional circles are numbered 1, 2, ..., 9 from the base to the fixing sleeve. The hollow cylindrical construction guide line penetrates the center of the cross-sectional circles numbered 1-9, and the plane where the cross-sectional circles numbered 1-9 are located is perpendicular to the hollow cylindrical construction guide line at the corresponding center. With the central axis of the limit support rod as the 0° line, the cross-sectional circle numbered 1 is located at a position 262.68° counterclockwise from the 0° line and 28.71 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 3 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 2 is located 69.25° clockwise from the 0° line and 43.36 units away from the center of the pile body, with a radius of 4 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 3 is located 298.21° counterclockwise from the 0° line and 48.27 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 5 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 4 is located 46.14° clockwise from the 0° line and 57.57 units away from the center of the pile body, with a radius of 5 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 5 is located 22.67° clockwise from the 0° line and 62.61 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 5 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 6 is located 4.57° clockwise from the 0° line and 54.40 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 5 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 7 is located 8.12° counterclockwise from the 0° line and 43.36 units away from the center of the pile body, with a radius of 5 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 8 is located 2.33° clockwise from the 0° line and 36.47 units away from the center of the pile basic body, with a radius of 3 units; The cross-sectional circle numbered 9 is located on the 0° line, 28.71 units away from the center of the pile base body, and has a radius of 3 units.

2. The pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: Taking the bottom surface of the base as the reference plane and setting the direction perpendicular to the base as the height direction, the section circle numbered 1 is 0 units away from the reference plane, the section circle numbered 2 is 34.54 units away from the reference plane, the section circle numbered 3 is 40.68 units away from the reference plane, the section circle numbered 4 is 53.52 units away from the reference plane, the section circle numbered 5 is 76.81 units away from the reference plane, the section circle numbered 6 is 100.42 units away from the reference plane, the section circle numbered 7 is 116.99 units away from the reference plane, the section circle numbered 8 is 134.47 units away from the reference plane, and the section circle numbered 9 is 163.54 units away from the reference plane.

3. The pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A total of twenty spiral rods are provided, which are evenly distributed at intervals of 18° along the outer circumference of the pile basic body.

4. The pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The base is in a disc-shaped structure, the surface of which is tightly fitted with the pile base body and is fixedly connected with it by a plurality of fixing bolts.

5. The pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of mounting holes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the fixing sleeve, the distribution distance of the mounting holes matches the distribution distance of the spiral rods, and the top ends of the spiral rods are inserted into the mounting holes.

6. The construction method of the pile foundation anti-scour device based on the bionic spiral structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, before construction, use seabed detection equipment to survey the construction area and determine the installation position of the base; Step S2, testing and evaluating the soil conditions at the installation location. If the seabed soil is soft or uneven, level the area. After the base is installed, lay a concrete slab around it. Step S3, after the base is firmly installed, the limit support rods are installed in sequence according to the design requirements, with the pile body as the central axis, and the limit support rods are evenly distributed vertically around it, and the bottom ends of the limit support rods are fixed to the base through the slots to form a support frame; Step S4, installing the fixing sleeve on the pile basic body and tightening the top of the limiting support rod; Step S5, according to the water flow direction and water flow strength, the number of spiral rods is selected, the installation position of the spiral rods is determined, the top ends of the spiral rods are sequentially inserted into the installation holes of the fixing sleeves, and the bottom ends of the spiral rods are fixed to the base through the slots; Step S6, after the installation is completed, the connection part is inspected, and the verticality and horizontality of the installed structure are measured using detection equipment to complete the installation work.

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