Low-clearance cast-in-place pile drill rod and drill bit centering device and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-clearance cast-in-place pile drill rod and drill bit centering device and a using method.The low-clearance cast-in-place pile drill rod and drill bit centering device comprises a drill rod and drill bit assembly, a drill rod centering assembly and a drill bit clamping assembly.The drill rod centering assembly comprises a centering platform and a perpendicularity sensor installed on the centering platform, and a first round hole is formed in the middle of the centering platform; a plurality of eccentric adjusting assemblies are distributed on the periphery of the first round hole and used for adjusting the perpendicularity of the drill rod. The drill bit clamping assembly comprises a clamping platform and clamping assemblies, a second round hole is formed in the middle of the clamping platform, the multiple clamping assemblies are distributed on the periphery of the second round hole, and the clamping assemblies clamp drill bits or drill rods. By means of the drill rod centering assembly and the drill bit clamping assembly, centering operation can be achieved when drill rods and drill bits are assembled, the perpendicularity of a drilled hole is ensured, and meanwhile a cleaning structure is arranged in the drill rod and drill bit assembly to achieve the purpose of cleaning blockages in the drill bits in the hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of construction machinery for building engineering, and in particular relates to a low-headroom cast-in-place pile drill rod drill bit centering device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the tunnel construction in the northwest region, since some tunnels pass through the Northwest Loess Plateau, the loess itself has high strength and hardness, but when the loess meets water, it will become soft, causing the soil at the bottom of the tunnel to expand in volume and its mechanical properties to drop sharply when it meets water, which can easily lead to tunnel collapse. In order to avoid the situation of bearing capacity caused by natural disasters, high-strength cement piles need to be poured at the bottom of the tunnel. Before pouring the cement piles, a cylindrical pit with a depth of 6m needs to be dug at the location of the cement piles. Deep pile digging under low clearance conditions is a problem frequently encountered by construction companies. At present, there is a lack of equipment for such environmental operations at home and abroad.

[0003] First, when working in a low-headroom environment, due to the requirements for the operating height of the equipment, some multi-section drill rod assembly type construction equipment has emerged to realize the bored pile drilling operation in a low-headroom environment. For example, CN114541390A discloses a bored pile construction method using a drill rod assembly method. Secondly, the inventor has also applied for an intelligent low-headroom bored pile construction equipment, system and method, with application number CN202510111666.2. In the scheme, a construction equipment in which a drill rod and a drill bit, and the drill rod are assembled through threads is proposed. In the initial stage of drilling and as the drill bit goes deeper, there will be a certain amount of deflection between the drill bit and the top of the drill rod after the constraint on the drill bit or the top of the drill rod is released. Once the drill rod has a coaxiality deviation during assembly, it will bring about the problem of verticality deviation of the borehole. It does not introduce how to achieve the problem of centering assembly of the drill rod and the drill bit. Secondly, the dry method of loess discharge will cause internal blockage during its implementation. Once the internal blockage occurs, since the drill bit is inside the borehole, the existing design lacks a structural design for cleaning it, and the hole cannot be cleaned by itself. This requires the drill bit to be pulled out and cleaned manually, which can easily affect the drilling period and the risk of hole collapse caused by frequent lifting of the drill. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

[0005] 1) During the process of connecting and disassembling the drill pipe, the drill bit of the drill pipe can be quickly aligned to reduce thread wear;

[0006] 2) Clean the clogged drill hole yourself.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the inventors have obtained the technical solution of the present invention through practice and summary. The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A low-headroom cast-in-place pile drill bit centering device comprises a drill bit assembly and also includes:

[0009] The drill pipe centering assembly includes a centering platform and a verticality sensor installed on the centering platform. A circular hole 1 is arranged in the middle of the centering platform. A plurality of eccentric adjustment components are distributed around the periphery of the circular hole 1. The eccentric adjustment components adjust the verticality of the drill pipe.

[0010] The drill bit clamping assembly comprises a clamping platform and a clamping component. A second circular hole is arranged in the middle of the clamping platform. The clamping component is provided with a plurality of clamps distributed around the second circular hole. The clamping component clamps the drill bit or drill rod.

[0011] It is used to solve the problem in the prior art that the drill rod and the drill bit cannot be quickly kept aligned during the connection and disassembly of the drill rod, thereby controlling the verticality. Once a problem with the verticality occurs, it will cause deviations in subsequent drilling, and it is difficult and costly to correct the verticality. Therefore, when each section of the drill rod is assembled, the top of the drill rod or drill bit is constrained after the rotary drilling power assembly is separated from the drill bit or drill rod. This ensures that the drill rod or drill bit always maintains the verticality requirements of the initial drilling.

[0012] The above scheme also describes in detail the eccentric adjustment assembly, which includes a deviation-correcting member and a power element. The deviation-correcting member is slidably fitted on the centering platform, and the power element drives the deviation-correcting member to move closer to or away from the drill pipe.

[0013] The clamping assembly is also described in detail in the above scheme. The clamping assembly includes a clamping member and a second power element. The clamping member is slidably fitted on the clamping platform, and the second power element drives the clamping member to move closer to or away from the drill bit / drill rod.

[0014] In the above scheme, the clamping member is also described in detail, and the clamping member includes a clamping seat and an elastic adapter pin, the clamping seat is slidably fitted on the clamping platform, and the elastic adapter pin is installed on the side of the clamping seat facing the drill rod and drill bit assembly;

[0015] The elastic adapter pin comprises an installation groove, in which a spring member and a pin body partially exposed outside the installation groove are arranged;

[0016] Sliding protrusions are installed on both sides of the top of the clamping seat, and a rotor installation box is installed on the clamping seat. A plurality of rollers are installed in the rotor installation box, and the arrangement direction of the rollers is the movement direction of the sliding protrusions.

[0017] The above scheme also describes in detail the drill rod drill bit assembly, which includes a drill bit assembly and a modular drill rod assembly. The drill bit assembly and the modular drill rod assembly are detachably assembled, and both ends of the modular drill rod assembly are detachable structures that can be assembled with each other. The drill bit assembly includes a drill bit body and a ground-breaking structure. The drill bit body and the modular drill rod assembly are both hollow structures. The bottom of the drill bit body is open, and the ground-breaking structure is installed at the lower end of the drill bit body.

[0018] A cleaning structure is installed on the drill body, and an operating structure is opened on the top of the drill body.

[0019] The cleaning structure is also described in detail in the above scheme. The cleaning structure includes a fixed part, a connecting part and a cleaning part. The fixed part is installed on the drill body through a connecting part. The connecting part is used to switch the selective separation and assembly of the fixed part and the drill body. The connecting part is used to connect the cleaning part and the fixed part. The cleaning part cleans the blockage inside the drill body.

[0020] In the above scheme, the fixing part is also described in detail, and the fixing part includes a fixing ring, which is mounted on the drill body through a connecting piece, and an inflation and deflation device and an air bag body are mounted on the fixing ring;

[0021] A fixing plate is installed on the outer wall of the airbag body, a radial slideway is installed on the fixing ring, and the fixing plate is slidably matched in the radial slideway.

[0022] The above scheme also describes its fixed part in detail, which includes a moving ring, a connecting ring and a double-headed telescopic element. The moving ring and the connecting ring are sleeved on the outside of the drill body. The connecting ring is connected to the drill body through a connecting piece. The double-headed telescopic element is fixed on the outside of the connecting ring. The moving ring is provided with two distributed on both sides of the double-headed telescopic element. The ends of the double-headed telescopic element are connected to the corresponding moving rings, and the moving rings are connected with abutment plates through two symmetrically distributed connecting rods.

[0023] The above scheme also describes its connecting part in detail. An adapter hole is installed on the outer side of the drill body. The connecting part includes a mounting hole. A spring body and an insert block are installed in the mounting hole. The positions of the insert block and the adapter hole correspond and are adapted. An electromagnetic block corresponding to the position of the insert block is installed on the inner wall of the mounting hole.

[0024] The above scheme also describes in detail the internal structure of the drill body. A soil crushing structure is installed inside the drill body. The soil crushing structure includes a cylindrical support, a fixed structure and a soil crushing blade. The cylindrical support is fixed inside the drill body through the fixed structure, and the soil crushing blade is installed on the cylindrical support.

[0025] Among them, the fixing structure includes a plurality of cylindrical hollow rods fixedly installed on the outside of the cylindrical support and distributed circumferentially, the ends of the cylindrical hollow rods are provided with external threads and a plurality of circumferentially distributed notches, a cylindrical rod is connected in a sliding fit inside the cylindrical hollow rod, and a threaded sleeve is fitted at the external thread of the cylindrical hollow rod, and the end of the cylindrical rod is fixed inside the drill body.

[0026] A method for using a low-headroom cast-in-place pile drill bit centering device, the steps are as follows:

[0027] Step 1: Drill bit assembly

[0028] The cleaning structure is installed on the drill body, the fixing part is installed on the outside of the drill body through the connecting piece, the cleaning part is installed inside the lower end of the drill body, and the cleaning part and the fixing part are connected as a whole through the connecting part;

[0029] Install the soil crushing structure inside the upper end of the drill body, insert the cylindrical support and the soil crushing blade into the drill body, adjust the extension of the cylindrical rod until it abuts or is inserted into the inner wall of the drill body, and adjust the threaded sleeve to fix the cylindrical rod in this state;

[0030] Step 2, drill bit installation

[0031] The drill body is loaded into the second circular hole. After loading, the second power element is started, driving the clamping member to approach the working structure at the top of the drill body, and completing the clamping operation of the working structure. After clamping, the drill body is at the center of the second circular hole;

[0032] Step 3: Center the drill bit and drill rod

[0033] After the modular drill pipe assembly passes through the centering platform, the verticality sensor detects the eccentric angle of the modular drill pipe and feeds it back to the control system. The control system feeds back the data parameters to the corresponding power element 1. The power element 1 starts and drives the correction element to approach or move away from the circular hole 1, and corrects the eccentric angle of the modular drill pipe until it meets the drilling requirements.

[0034] Step 4: Drill bit and drill rod assembly

[0035] The top of the modular drill rod assembly is connected to the rotary drilling power assembly, which drives the modular drill rod assembly to move with the drill bit body and completes the assembly of the first drill rod of the drill bit body and the modular drill rod assembly;

[0036] Step 5: Boring of cast-in-place piles

[0037] The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill bit body and the first section of the drill rod to rotate downward to drill the cast-in-place pile. After the downward rotary drilling reaches the limit drilling depth of the single section of the drill rod, the rotary drilling power assembly is separated from the top of the single section of the drill rod and reset to the initial height after separation. The manipulator transports another section of the drill rod to the top of the first section of the drill rod, and the rotary drilling power assembly is used to assemble the drill rod to the single section of the drill rod below until the drilling operation of the cast-in-place pile hole is completed.

[0038] During rotary drilling, the loess in the hole is discharged through the bottom opening of the drill bit body under negative pressure. During the discharge, large pieces of loess are broken by the soil-breaking blades.

[0039] If you encounter a blockage in the bottom opening of the drill body:

[0040] The inflation and deflation device inflates the airbag body. After inflation, the airbag body expands and abuts against the hole wall to limit the position of the fixing ring in the hole. After the electromagnetic block is energized, the plug block is adsorbed and separated from the adapter hole, and the fixing ring and the drill body are separated. The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body to move up and down multiple times. The cleaning part cleans the blockage inside the drill body. After the cleaning is completed, the rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body to reset. After the reset, the position of the plug block and the adapter hole are re-corresponding. The electromagnetic block is powered off. The plug block is re-inserted into the adapter hole under the action of the spring body, and the fixing ring is re-fixed on the drill body. The inflation and deflation device deflates the airbag body, and the airbag body shrinks to the initial state.

[0041] or,

[0042] The output end of the telescopic element drives the moving ring to move relative to the drill body, and the two moving rings approach each other, and the abutment plate is driven outward by the connecting rod until the abutment plate abuts against the hole wall. After the electromagnetic block is energized, the plug block is adsorbed and separated from the adapter hole, and the connecting ring and the drill body are separated. The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body to move up and down multiple times, and the cleaning part cleans the blockage inside the drill body. After the cleaning is completed, the rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body to reset. After the reset, the position of the plug block and the adapter hole corresponds again, the electromagnetic block is powered off, and the plug block is re-inserted into the adapter hole under the action of the spring body, and the connecting ring is re-fixed on the drill body. The output end of the telescopic element drives the moving ring to move relative to the drill body, and the two moving rings move away from each other to the initial position, and the abutment plate is driven inward by the connecting rod until the abutment plate is reset to the initial state.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The present invention opens a circular hole 1 on the centering platform and arranges an eccentricity adjustment component on the periphery of the circular hole 1 to complete the eccentricity adjustment of the drill rod passing through the circular hole 1. The adjustment takes the top of the drill bit or the drill rod below as a reference to achieve the upper and lower centering operation with the drill bit or the drill rod below. If an eccentricity problem occurs, the verticality sensor can be used to detect and correct the verticality and feed it back to the control system to facilitate the implementation of precise control of the verticality operation.

[0045] 2. The present invention opens a second circular hole on the clamping platform and arranges a clamping assembly on the periphery of the second circular hole. The clamping assembly can be used to clamp and fix the top of the drill rod or the drill bit body to complete the constraint, thereby preventing the verticality deviation problem from occurring after it is separated from the rotary drilling power assembly at the top. The clamping and fixing can ensure that the assembly of the drill rod and the drill bit, as well as the assembly between the drill rods, can be effectively implemented, ensuring the torque consistency during the assembly node thread assembly.

[0046] 3. When implementing the assembly of the present invention, the inventor found that it is impossible to accurately ensure that the clamping member and the working structure can effectively complete the assembly during the clamping operation, especially during the assembly between drill rods. If the clamping member only acts on the outer wall of the drill rod or drill bit, slippage will occur before the set torque is reached, and it is also easy to cause surface damage. If a separate adapter hole is provided on the drill rod, and the clamping member and the adapter hole are adapted to the socket, when the clamping member clamps the drill rod or drill bit, it is easy for the adapter end and the adapter hole to not be adapted to the socket, resulting in false adaptation. In this way, the set torque cannot be met, so it is easy to cause the assembly node to sometimes have a "false" assembly problem. Once the "false" assembly problem occurs, it is easy to cause the verticality in the hole to not meet the standard, and it is also easy to cause the deformation setting of the drill rod assembly position to be permanently damaged. Therefore, the inventor assembles an elastic adapter pin on the clamping member, and uses the elastic adapter pin to complete the precise assembly operation with the working structure (clamping hole).

[0047] 4. The present invention optimizes the structure of the drill rod and drill bit assembly. The drill rod and the drill bit adopt a hollow structure and are equipped with an external negative pressure mechanism to discharge the loess in the rotary excavation process by dry method. However, blockage problems may occur during the discharge. The blockage inside the drill bit body can be cleaned in the hole, and there is no need to lift the drill out of the hole to complete the cleaning operation. Therefore, the operation efficiency is high.

[0048] 5. The present invention realizes the inflation and deflation of the airbag by installing an inflation and deflation device on the fixed ring, and utilizes the expansion of the airbag after inflation to realize the effective contact between the fixed ring and the hole wall to limit the up and down position of the fixed ring. After the airbag completes the contact with the hole wall, the electromagnetic block is energized to adsorb the plug block, so that the plug block and the limit hole are separated, and then the blockage inside the drill bit body can be cleaned by lifting the drill rod and drill bit assembly up and down.

[0049] 6. The present invention achieves further crushing of the loess inside the drill bit body by adding a soil crushing structure inside the drill bit body, thereby avoiding the problem that the negative pressure dry discharge effect of the loess blocks inside the drill bit is weakened due to the penetration of the drill bit body. Therefore, further crushing is completed by the soil crushing structure inside the drill bit body, so as to achieve effective discharge of the loess and effectively reduce the risk of blockage.

[0050] 7. As the drill bit goes deeper, the negative pressure effect of the loess suction and separation part will be reduced, which will make it impossible to effectively discharge some relatively large soil blocks, increasing the risk of blockage or causing the loess in the hole to be unable to be completely discharged. Therefore, the soil crushing structure can crush relatively large soil blocks, which is beneficial to the discharge of loess during the drilling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a position relationship diagram of the drill bit assembly, the drill rod centering assembly, and the drill bit clamping assembly;

[0053] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the drill pipe centering assembly;

[0054] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the drill bit clamping assembly;

[0055] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Overall structure diagram of the middle rotor mounting box and rollers;

[0056] Figure 6 A structural diagram of a structural form of a clamping member;

[0057] Figure 7 The figure is the overall structure diagram of the drill bit assembly;

[0058] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure for cleaning the structure;

[0059] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure inside a fixed ring of a cleaning structure;

[0060] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0061] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A top view of the structural airbag after inflation;

[0062] Fig.12 A structural cross-section diagram of another cleaning structure form;

[0063] Fig.13 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the fixed part and the drill body;

[0064] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0065] Fig.15 is a top view of the drill bit assembly;

[0066] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Overall structural diagram of the medium crushed soil structure.

[0067] In the figure:

[0068] 100, drill pipe and drill bit assembly; 110, drill bit assembly; 111, drill bit body; 1111, adapter hole; 112, earth-breaking structure; 113, cleaning structure; 1131, fixed part; 11311, fixed ring; 11312, inflation and deflation device; 11313, air bag body; 11314, fixed plate; 11315, radial slideway; 11316, moving ring; 11317, connecting ring; 11318, double-head telescopic element; 11319, abutment plate; 1132, cleaning part; 1133, connecting part; 1134, connecting piece; 11341, mounting hole; 11342, spring body; 11343, plug block; 11344, electromagnetic block; 114, soil crushing structure; 115, cylindrical support; 116, fixing structure; 117, soil crushing blade; 118, cylindrical hollow rod; 1181, threaded sleeve; 119, cylindrical rod; 120, modular drill pipe assembly;

[0069] 200, drill pipe centering assembly; 210, centering platform; 220, verticality sensor; 230, eccentricity adjustment assembly; 231, deviation correction component; 232, power element 1; 240, round hole 1;

[0070] 300, drill bit clamping assembly; 310, clamping platform; 320, round hole 2; 330, clamping assembly; 331, clamping member; 332, power element 2; 3311, clamping seat; 3312, mounting groove; 3313, spring member; 3314, pin body; 3315, sliding protrusion; 3316, rotor mounting box; 3317, roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. This article mainly describes the drill rod, the drill bit centering part and the drill bit cleaning part. In addition, the device is also equipped with a rotary drilling power assembly part, a manipulator part of the upper and lower single-section drill rods, and a loess suction and separation part. The manipulator performs loading and unloading operations on the single-section drill rod. The rotary drilling power assembly part can clamp and fix the top of the single-section drill rod and drive it to rotate for rotary drilling operations. At the same time, it can also move up and down relative to the ground to achieve actions such as detaching from the drill rod, lifting the drill, and rotary drilling. The loess suction and separation part is used for dry discharge of loess during rotary drilling and rotary separation with air.

[0072] Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a low-headroom cast-in-place pile drill bit centering device includes a drill bit assembly 100 and further includes:

[0073] A drill pipe centering assembly 200, the drill pipe centering assembly 200 comprises a centering platform 210 and a verticality sensor 220 mounted on the centering platform 210, a circular hole 240 is arranged in the middle of the centering platform 210, and a plurality of eccentric adjustment components 230 are distributed around the periphery of the circular hole 240, and the eccentric adjustment components 230 adjust the verticality of the drill pipe;

[0074] The drill bit clamping assembly 300 includes a clamping platform 310 and a clamping component 330. A second circular hole 320 is arranged in the middle of the clamping platform 310. The clamping component 330 is provided with a plurality of components distributed around the second circular hole 320. The clamping component 330 clamps the drill bit or drill rod.

[0075] The eccentric adjustment assembly 230 includes a deviation-correcting member 231 and a power element 232. The deviation-correcting member 231 is slidably fitted on the centering platform 210, and the power element 232 drives the deviation-correcting member 231 to move closer to or away from the drill pipe.

[0076] In specific implementation, after the drill rod passes through the circular hole 240, the verticality of the drill rod is detected in real time by the verticality sensor 220, and fed back to the control system, and the motion parameters of the corresponding power element 232 are calculated and loaded into the corresponding power element 232 until the correction element 231 adjusts the verticality of the drill rod to meet the drilling requirements. The verticality sensor 220 is provided with two groups, namely the left side and the rear side of the drill rod; the output end of the power element 232 is connected to a nut through a ball screw, the nut is slidably fitted on the centering platform 210, and the correction element 231 is installed on the nut.

[0077] The clamping assembly 330 includes a clamping member 331 and a second power element 332 . The clamping member 331 is slidably fitted on the clamping platform 310 , and the second power element 332 drives the clamping member 331 to move closer to or away from the drill bit / drill rod.

[0078] In the specific implementation, the power element 2 332 drives the clamping part 331 to approach the drill rod or drill bit, which is used to clamp and limit the circumferential movement of the drill rod or drill bit. By clamping and fixing the drill rod or drill bit before assembly, the drill bit and the drill rod can be aligned with the eccentric adjustment component 230. After clamping, the consistency between the drill rod and the drill bit or drill rod can be prevented when the rotary drilling power assembly is assembled.

[0079] Embodiment 2, in the scheme of embodiment 1, as Figure 6 As shown, when assembling the subsequent drill rods, the assembly between the drill rods and the drill bit and the drill rods is realized through the male and female thread structures. When assembling the drill rods, it is easy to cause misalignment because the position of the working structure (radial hole) at the top of the drill rod cannot be accurately controlled. The clamping member 331 includes a clamping seat 3311 and an elastic adapter pin. The clamping seat 3311 is slidably matched on the clamping platform 310, and the elastic adapter pin is installed on the side of the clamping seat 3311 facing the drill rod drill bit assembly 100.

[0080] The elastic adapter pin includes a mounting groove 3312, in which a spring member 3313 and a pin body 3314 that can be partially exposed outside the mounting groove 3312 are arranged;

[0081] Sliding protrusions 3315 are installed on both sides of the top of the clamping seat 3311 . A rotor mounting box 3316 is installed on the clamping seat 3311 . A plurality of rollers 3317 are installed in the rotor mounting box 3316 . The arrangement direction of the rollers 3317 is the movement direction of the sliding protrusion 3315 .

[0082] In specific implementation, after the clamping piece 331 approaches the drill rod, the pin body 3314 will be pressed into the installation 3312 by the drill rod, and the upper single-section drill rod will be rotated relative to the lower drill rod until the two move together (before the set torque is reached). The lower drill rod will rotate relative to the clamping piece 331 until the pin body 3314 enters the radial hole to limit the rotation of the drill rod, and the torque measured by the torque measurement part on the rotary drilling power assembly meets the requirements and is fed back to the control system, thereby achieving torque consistency between the drill rods. After assembly, the clamping piece 331 is reset and separated from the drill rod, and the rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill rod downward to continue the rotary drilling operation.

[0083] Example 3, in the solution of Example 1, in order to solve the problem of blockage of dry loess by negative pressure external drainage of the hollow drill bit, the drill bit of the drill rod is improved: Figures 7 and 8As shown, the drill rod drill bit assembly 100 includes a drill bit assembly 110 and a modular drill rod assembly 120. The drill bit assembly 110 and the modular drill rod assembly 120 are detachably assembled. Both ends of the modular drill rod assembly 120 are detachable structures that can be assembled with each other. The drill bit assembly 110 includes a drill bit body 111 and a ground-breaking structure 112. The drill bit body 111 and the modular drill rod assembly 120 are both hollow structures. The bottom of the drill bit body 111 is open, and the ground-breaking structure 112 is installed at the lower end of the drill bit body 111.

[0084] A cleaning structure 113 is installed on the drill body 111 , and an operating structure is opened on the top of the drill body 111 , which is a radial hole.

[0085] Among them, the cleaning structure 113 includes a fixing part 1131, a connecting part 1133 and a cleaning part 1132. The fixing part 1131 is installed on the drill body 111 via a connecting part 1134. The connecting part 1134 is used to switch the fixing part 1131 and the drill body 111 for selective separation and assembly. The connecting part 1133 is used to connect the cleaning part 1132 and the fixing part 1131. The cleaning part 1132 cleans the blockage inside the drill body 111.

[0086] In the specific implementation, the modular drill rod assembly 120 and the drill bit assembly 110 and the modular drill rod assembly 120 are assembled through the male and female threaded structures, the radial holes and the clamping parts 331 correspond and fit in position, the earth-breaking structure 112 includes a small drill part at the bottom and a large drill part at the top, and the rotary drilling resistance is reduced by the small drill part and the large drill part. During excavation, the rotary excavated loess fragments will be sucked from the hole into the inside of the drill bit body 111 under the action of the loess suction and separation part, and the cleaning structure 113 can clean the blockage inside the drill bit body 111, thereby preventing the blockage from being resolved in time and affecting the subsequent rotary drilling operation. The blockage phenomenon can be identified by installing a pressure sensor inside the drill rod or the drill bit body, and the pressure sensor is used to feedback the pressure change and feedback it to the control system to identify whether there is a blockage problem.

[0087] The following solutions are designed to solve the drill bit blockage problem:

[0088] One solution: If Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the fixed part 1131 includes a fixing ring 11311, which is installed on the drill body 111 through a connecting piece 1134. An inflation and deflation device 11312 and an air bag body 11313 are installed on the fixing ring 11311. The inflation and deflation device 11312 can be a combination structure of an inflation micro pump and a deflation micro pump. It should be noted that a control module is equipped to realize the inflation and deflation actions.

[0089] A fixing plate 11314 is installed on the outer wall of the airbag body 11313 , a radial slideway 11315 is installed on the fixing ring 11311 , and the fixing plate 11314 is slidably fitted in the radial slideway 11315 .

[0090] When a blockage problem occurs, the inflation and deflation device 11312 inflates the airbag 11313. After the airbag 11313 expands, the fixing ring 11311 and the hole wall are connected together, thereby ensuring that after the connecting piece 1134 and the drill body 111 are separated, the fixing ring 11311 maintains the relative position and does not adjust. The fixing plate 11314 can ensure that the direction of the airbag 11313 is consistent during expansion and contraction, and can ensure structural stability after expansion.

[0091] Another option: If Fig.12 As shown, the fixed part 1131 includes a moving ring 11316, a connecting ring 11317 and a double-headed telescopic element 11318. The moving ring 11316 and the connecting ring 11317 are mounted on the outside of the drill body 111. The connecting ring 11317 is connected to the drill body 111 through a connector 1134. The double-headed telescopic element 11318 is fixed to the outside of the connecting ring 11317. The moving ring 11316 is provided with two distributed on both sides of the double-headed telescopic element 11318. The ends of the double-headed telescopic element 11318 are connected to the corresponding moving rings 11316. The moving rings 11316 are connected with abutment plates 11319 through two symmetrically distributed connecting rods. The double-headed telescopic element 11318 (a motor with dual output ends) is used to drive the moving rings 11316 to move closer to or farther away from each other, thereby achieving the outward and inward extension of the abutment plate 11319, thereby ensuring separation or connection with the hole wall as a whole, and ensuring that the position of the connecting ring 11317 is fixed. After the position is fixed, the cleaning structure 113 can ensure the structural stability when cleaning the inside of the drill body 111.

[0092] like Fig.13 , Fig.14As shown, the outer side of the drill body 111 is provided with an adapting hole 1111, the connecting member 1134 includes a mounting hole 11341 provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring 11311 or the connecting ring 11317, a spring body 11342 and an insert block 11343 are installed in the mounting hole 11341, the insert block 11343 and the adapting hole 1111 are in corresponding and adapted positions, and an electromagnetic block 11344 corresponding to the position of the insert block 11343 is installed on the inner wall of the mounting hole 11341. When a blockage occurs, the electromagnetic block 11344 is energized to realize the adsorption of the insert block 11343 and to separate it from the adapting hole 1111, thereby realizing the separation of the fixing ring 11311 or the connecting ring 11317 from the drill body 111, and the rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill head to move up and down multiple times, realizing the up and down movement of the cleaning structure 113 relative to the drill body 111, thereby completing the cleaning operation of the blockage inside the drill body 111.

[0093] Embodiment 5: In the above embodiment, as the drill bit goes deeper into the loess suction separation part, the effect of negative pressure discharge of loess will decrease. In order to ensure the negative pressure dry discharge effect of loess, a soil crushing structure 114 is added inside the drill bit body 111. Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, a soil crushing structure 114 is installed inside the drill body 111, and the soil crushing structure 114 includes a cylindrical support 115, a fixing structure 116 and a soil crushing blade 117. The cylindrical support 115 is fixed inside the drill body 111 through the fixing structure 116, and the soil crushing blade 117 is installed on the cylindrical support 115;

[0094] The fixing structure 116 includes a plurality of cylindrical hollow rods 118 fixedly mounted on the outside of the cylindrical support 115 and distributed circumferentially, the ends of the cylindrical hollow rods 118 are provided with external threads and a plurality of circumferentially distributed notches, a cylindrical rod 119 is slidably fitted inside the cylindrical hollow rods 118, and a threaded sleeve 1181 is fitted at the external threads of the cylindrical hollow rods 118, and the ends of the cylindrical rods 119 are fixed inside the drill body 111. The notches are used to form petals at the ends of the cylindrical shape control press 118, and the threaded sleeve 1181 is screwed into the cylindrical hollow rod 118 of the external threaded part to stably maintain the extension of the cylindrical rod 119, and the connection between the cylindrical rod 119 and the inner wall of the drill body 111 can be fixed by plugging.

[0095] A method for using a low-headroom cast-in-place pile drill bit centering device, the steps are as follows:

[0096] Step 1: Assembling the drill bit assembly 110

[0097] The cleaning structure 113 is installed on the drill body 111, the fixing part 1131 is installed on the outside of the drill body 111 through the connecting piece 1134, the cleaning part 1132 is installed inside the lower end of the drill body 111, and the cleaning part 1132 and the fixing part 1131 are connected as a whole through the connecting part 1133;

[0098] The soil crushing structure 114 is installed inside the upper end of the drill body 111, and the cylindrical support 115 and the soil crushing blade 117 are inserted into the drill body 111. The cylindrical rod 119 is adjusted to extend outward until it abuts or is inserted into the inner wall of the drill body 111, and the threaded sleeve 1181 is adjusted to fix the cylindrical rod 119 in this state;

[0099] Step 2, Drill Bit Installation

[0100] The drill body 111 is loaded into the second circular hole 320. After loading, the second power element 332 is started, driving the clamping member 331 to approach the working structure at the top of the drill body 111, and completing the clamping operation of the working structure. After clamping, the drill body 111 is at the center of the second circular hole 320.

[0101] Step 3: Align the drill bit and drill rod

[0102] After the modular drill rod assembly 120 passes through the centering platform 210, the verticality sensor 220 detects the eccentric angle of the modular drill rod and feeds it back to the control system. The control system feeds back the data parameters to the corresponding power element 1 232. The power element 1 232 starts and drives the correction element 231 to approach or move away from the circular hole 1 240, and corrects the eccentric angle of the modular drill rod until it meets the drilling requirements.

[0103] Step 4: Drill bit and drill rod assembly

[0104] The top of the modular drill rod assembly 120 is connected to the rotary drilling power assembly, which drives the modular drill rod assembly 120 to move with the drill bit body 111, and completes the assembly of the first drill rod of the drill bit body 111 and the modular drill rod assembly 120;

[0105] Step 5: Boring of cast-in-place piles

[0106] The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill bit body 111 and the first section of the drill rod to rotate downward to drill the cast-in-place pile. After the downward rotary drilling reaches the limit drilling depth of the single section of the drill rod, the rotary drilling power assembly is separated from the top of the single section of the drill rod, and reset to the initial height after separation. The manipulator transports another section of the drill rod to the top of the first section of the drill rod, and the rotary drilling power assembly is used to assemble the drill rod section to the single section of the drill rod below until the drilling operation of the cast-in-place pile hole is completed.

[0107] During rotary drilling, the loess in the hole is discharged through the bottom opening of the drill bit body 111 under negative pressure. During the discharge, large pieces of loess are broken by the soil-breaking blades 117.

[0108] If the bottom opening of the drill body 111 is clogged:

[0109] The inflation and deflation device 11312 inflates the airbag 11313. After inflation, the airbag 11313 expands and abuts against the hole wall to limit the position of the fixing ring 11311 in the hole. After the electromagnetic block 11344 is energized, the plug block 11343 is adsorbed and separated from the adapter hole 1111, and the fixing ring 11311 and the drill body 111 are separated. The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body 111 to move up and down multiple times, and the cleaning part 1132 removes the blockage inside the drill body 111. After cleaning, the rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body 111 to reset. After resetting, the positions of the plug block 11343 and the adapter hole 1111 correspond again, the electromagnetic block 11344 is powered off, and the plug block 11343 is re-inserted into the adapter hole 1111 under the action of the spring body 11342. The fixing ring 11311 is re-fixed on the drill body 111, and the inflation and deflation device 11312 deflates the airbag body 11313, and the airbag body 11313 shrinks to its initial state.

[0110] Different from the above usage,

[0111] If the bottom opening of the drill body 111 is clogged:

[0112] The output end of the telescopic element drives the moving ring 11316 to move relative to the drill body 111, and the two moving rings 11316 approach each other, and the abutment plate 11319 is driven to move outwards through the connecting rod until the abutment plate 11319 abuts against the hole wall. After the electromagnetic block 11344 is energized, the plug block 11343 is adsorbed and separated from the adapter hole 1111, and the connecting ring 11317 is separated from the drill body 111. The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body 111 to move up and down multiple times, and the cleaning part 1132 cleans the blockage inside the drill body 111. After the cleaning is completed, the rotary drilling power assembly The drill body 111 is driven to reset. After the reset, the positions of the plug block 11343 and the adapter hole 1111 correspond to each other again. The electromagnetic block 11344 is powered off. The plug block 11343 is re-inserted into the adapter hole 1111 under the action of the spring body 11342. The connecting ring 11317 is re-fixed on the drill body 111. The output end of the telescopic element drives the movable ring 11316 to move relative to the drill body 111. The two movable rings 11316 move away from each other to the initial position, and the abutment plate 11319 is retracted by the connecting rod until the abutment plate 11319 is reset to the initial state.

Claims

1. A low-headroom bored pile drill bit centering device, comprising a drill bit assembly (100), characterized in that: Also includes: A drill pipe centering assembly (200), the drill pipe centering assembly (200) comprising a centering platform (210) and a verticality sensor (220) mounted on the centering platform (210), a circular hole (240) being arranged in the middle of the centering platform (210), a plurality of eccentric adjustment components (230) being distributed around the periphery of the circular hole (240), and the eccentric adjustment components (230) adjusting the verticality of the drill pipe; The drill bit clamping assembly (300) comprises a clamping platform (310) and a clamping assembly (330). A second circular hole (320) is arranged in the middle of the clamping platform (310). The clamping assembly (330) is provided with a plurality of clamps distributed around the second circular hole (320). The clamping assembly (330) clamps the drill bit or the drill rod.

2. The low-clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eccentric adjustment assembly (230) comprises a deviation-correcting member (231) and a power element 1 (232); the deviation-correcting member (231) is slidably fitted on the centering platform (210); and the power element 1 (232) drives the deviation-correcting member (231) to move closer to or away from the drill rod.

3. The low clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (330) comprises a clamping member (331) and a second power element (332). The clamping member (331) is slidably fitted on the clamping platform (310), and the second power element (332) drives the clamping member (331) to move closer to or away from the drill bit / drill rod.

4. A low clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping member (331) comprises a clamping seat (3311) and an elastic adapting pin, the clamping seat (3311) is slidably fitted on the clamping platform (310), and the elastic adapting pin is installed on a side of the clamping seat (3311) facing the drill rod and drill bit assembly (100); The elastic adapter pin comprises a mounting groove (3312), in which a spring member (3313) and a pin body (3314) that can be partially exposed outside the mounting groove (3312) are arranged; Sliding protrusions (3315) are installed on both sides of the top of the clamping seat (3311), and a rotor mounting box (3316) is installed on the clamping seat (3311). A plurality of rollers (3317) are installed in the rotor mounting box (3316), and the arrangement direction of the rollers (3317) is the movement direction of the sliding protrusion (3315).

5. A low clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The drill rod drill bit assembly (100) comprises a drill bit assembly (110) and a modular drill rod assembly (120); the drill bit assembly (110) and the modular drill rod assembly (120) are detachably assembled; both ends of the modular drill rod assembly (120) are detachable structures that can be assembled with each other; the drill bit assembly (110) comprises a drill bit body (111) and a ground-breaking structure (112); the drill bit body (111) and the modular drill rod assembly (120) are both hollow structures; the bottom of the drill bit body (111) is open-type; and the ground-breaking structure (112) is installed at the lower end of the drill bit body (111); A cleaning structure (113) is installed on the drill body (111), and an operating structure is provided on the top of the drill body (111).

6. A low clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning structure (113) comprises a fixing part (1131), a connecting part (1133) and a cleaning part (1132); the fixing part (1131) is mounted on the drill body (111) via a connecting piece (1134); the connecting piece (1134) is used to switch the fixing part (1131) and the drill body (111) to selectively separate and assemble; the connecting part (1133) is used to connect the cleaning part (1132) and the fixing part (1131); and the cleaning part (1132) cleans blockages inside the drill body (111).

7. A low clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing part (1131) comprises a fixing ring (11311), the fixing ring (11311) is mounted on the drill body (111) via a connecting piece (1134), and an inflation and deflation device (11312) and an air bag body (11313) are mounted on the fixing ring (11311); A fixing plate (11314) is installed on the outer wall of the airbag body (11313), a radial slideway (11315) is installed on the fixing ring (11311), and the fixing plate (11314) is slidably matched in the radial slideway (11315).

8. The low-clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed part (1131) comprises a moving ring (11316), a connecting ring (11317) and a double-headed telescopic element (11318). The moving ring (11316) and the connecting ring (11317) are sleeved on the outer side of the drill body (111). The connecting ring (11317) is connected to the drill body (111) via a connecting piece (1134). The double-headed telescopic element (11318) is fixed on the outer side of the connecting ring (11317). The moving ring (11316) is provided with two ends distributed on both sides of the double-headed telescopic element (11318). The ends of the double-headed telescopic element (11318) are connected to the corresponding moving rings (11316). The moving rings (11316) are connected with abutment plates (11319) via two symmetrically distributed connecting rods.

9. The low-clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adapting hole (1111) is installed on the outer side of the drill body (111); the connecting piece (1134) includes a mounting hole (11341); a spring body (11342) and an insert block (11343) are installed in the mounting hole (11341); the insert block (11343) and the adapting hole (1111) correspond in position and are adapted to each other; an electromagnetic block (11344) corresponding in position to the insert block (11343) is installed on the inner wall of the mounting hole (11341).

10. The low-clearance bored pile drill bit centering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A soil crushing structure (114) is installed inside the drill body (111), and the soil crushing structure (114) comprises a cylindrical support (115), a fixing structure (116) and a soil crushing blade (117); the cylindrical support (115) is fixed inside the drill body (111) through the fixing structure (116), and the soil crushing blade (117) is installed on the cylindrical support (115); The fixing structure (116) comprises a plurality of cylindrical hollow rods (118) fixedly mounted on the outside of the cylindrical support (115) and distributed circumferentially, the ends of the cylindrical hollow rods (118) are provided with external threads and a plurality of circumferentially distributed notches, a cylindrical rod (119) is slidably connected inside the cylindrical hollow rod (118), and a threaded sleeve (1181) is matched at the external threads of the cylindrical hollow rod (118), and the ends of the cylindrical rods (119) are fixed inside the drill body (111).

11. A method for using a low-headroom bored pile drill bit centering device, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Step 1: Drill bit assembly (110) The cleaning structure (113) is mounted on the drill body (111), the fixing part (1131) is mounted on the outside of the drill body (111) via a connecting piece (1134), the cleaning part (1132) is mounted inside the lower end of the drill body (111), and the cleaning part (1132) and the fixing part (1131) are connected as a whole via a connecting part (1133); The soil crushing structure (114) is installed inside the upper end of the drill body (111), the cylindrical support (115) and the soil crushing blade (117) are inserted into the drill body (111), the extension amount of the cylindrical rod (119) is adjusted until it abuts against or is inserted into the inner wall of the drill body (111), and the threaded sleeve (1181) is adjusted to fix the cylindrical rod (119) in this state; Step 2, Drill Bit Installation The drill body (111) is inserted into the second circular hole (320). After the insertion, the second power element (332) is started to drive the clamping member (331) to approach the working structure at the top of the drill body (111) and complete the clamping operation of the working structure. After the clamping operation, the drill body (111) is located at the center of the second circular hole (320); Step 3: Center the drill bit and drill rod After the modular drill rod assembly (120) passes through the centering platform (210), the verticality sensor (220) detects the eccentric angle of the modular drill rod and feeds back to the control system. The control system feeds back the data parameters to the corresponding power element 1 (232). The power element 1 (232) starts and drives the correction element (231) to approach or move away from the circular hole 1 (240) to correct the eccentric angle of the modular drill rod until it meets the drilling requirements. Step 4: Drill bit and drill rod assembly The top of the modular drill rod assembly (120) is connected to a rotary drilling power assembly, and the rotary drilling power assembly drives the modular drill rod assembly (120) to move with the drill bit body (111), and completes the assembly of the first drill rod section of the drill bit body (111) and the modular drill rod assembly (120); Step 5: Boring of cast-in-place piles The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill bit body (111) and the first section of the drill rod to rotate downward to drill the bored pile. After the downward rotary drilling reaches the limit drilling depth of the single section of the drill rod, the rotary drilling power assembly is separated from the top of the single section of the drill rod and reset to the initial height after separation. The manipulator transports another section of the drill rod to the top of the first section of the drill rod, and the rotary drilling power assembly is used to assemble the drill rod to the lower single section of the drill rod until the drilling operation of the bored pile hole is completed. During rotary drilling, loess in the hole is discharged through the bottom opening of the drill bit body (111) under negative pressure. During the discharge, large pieces of loess are broken by the soil-breaking blades (117); If the bottom opening of the drill body (111) is clogged: The inflation and deflation device (11312) inflates the airbag (11313). After inflation, the airbag (11313) expands and contacts the hole wall to limit the position of the fixing ring (11311) in the hole. After the electromagnetic block (11344) is energized, the plug block (11343) is adsorbed and separated from the adapter hole (1111). The fixing ring (11311) and the drill bit body (111) are separated. The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill bit body (111) to move up and down multiple times. The cleaning part (1132) removes the blockage inside the drill bit body (111). After cleaning, the rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body (111) to reset, and after resetting, the positions of the plug block (11343) and the adapter hole (1111) are re-aligned, the electromagnetic block (11344) is powered off, and the plug block (11343) is re-inserted into the adapter hole (1111) under the action of the spring body (11342), the fixing ring (11311) is re-fixed on the drill body (111), and the inflation and deflation device (11312) deflates the airbag (11313), and the airbag (11313) shrinks to the initial state; or, The output end of the telescopic element drives the moving ring (11316) to move relative to the drill body (111), and the two moving rings (11316) approach each other, and the abutment plate (11319) is driven to move outwards through the connecting rod until the abutment plate (11319) abuts against the hole wall. After the electromagnetic block (11344) is energized, the plug block (11343) is adsorbed and separated from the adapter hole (1111), and the connecting ring (11317) and the drill body (111) are separated. The rotary drilling power assembly drives the drill body (111) to move up and down multiple times, and the cleaning part (1132) cleans the blockage inside the drill body (111). After the cleaning is completed, the rotary drilling power assembly The drill body (111) is driven to reset. After the reset, the positions of the insert block (11343) and the adapter hole (1111) correspond to each other again. The electromagnetic block (11344) is powered off. The insert block (11343) is re-inserted into the adapter hole (1111) under the action of the spring body (11342). The connecting ring (11317) is re-fixed on the drill body (111). The output end of the telescopic element drives the moving ring (11316) to move relative to the drill body (111). The two moving rings (11316) move away from each other to the initial position. The connecting rod drives the abutment plate (11319) to retract until the abutment plate (11319) is reset to the initial state.

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