Fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development

Abstract

The invention discloses a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development, the device comprises an instrument truck, a liquid storage tank, a fracturing blender truck, a fracturing truck and a high-pressure manifold, the liquid storage tank, the fracturing blender truck, the fracturing truck and the high-pressure manifold are connected in sequence, a high-pressure slurry outlet pipe of the fracturing truck is arranged on the side face of the fracturing truck through an adjusting mechanism, and the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected with a pressurization output pipe of the fracturing truck through a fastening monitoring mechanism. The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected with a slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold through a fastening monitoring mechanism, a main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold is connected with the wellhead device through a fastening monitoring mechanism, and a negative-pressure sand mixing unit is arranged on the sand mixing truck. The fastening monitoring mechanism is adopted for connecting pipelines, the labor intensity is reduced, meanwhile, the safety is improved, the negative pressure sand mixing unit enters the sand mixing tank through the sand scattering assembly and the stirring shaft, feeding is more uniform, the sand mixing efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the negative pressure pump is arranged, negative pressure stirring is achieved, and the bubble amount is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, and in particular to a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for energy increases and the development of conventional oil and gas resources becomes more difficult, unconventional oil and gas development has received more and more attention. The proportion of unconventional oil and gas in the global energy structure may continue to rise and become an important part of energy supply. Unconventional oil and gas development refers to the exploitation of continuous or quasi-continuous aggregated oil and gas resources that cannot be obtained by traditional technology and require new technologies to improve reservoir permeability or fluid viscosity in order to be economically exploited. The main types of unconventional oil and gas include tight sandstone oil and gas, shale oil and gas, and coalbed methane. Tight reservoirs require special exploration and development technologies, such as large-scale fracturing technology. The main equipment for large-scale fracturing construction includes power equipment, fluid transportation equipment, mixing equipment, and monitoring equipment. Among them, the fracturing truck is the core equipment for fracturing construction, which is mainly composed of an engine, a high-pressure pump, a gearbox, a transmission system, and a control system. The engine provides power and drives the high-pressure pump through the transmission system to inject the fracturing fluid into the well at high pressure and large displacement to form cracks in the formation. The sand mixer is used to evenly mix the proppant into the fracturing fluid to form a sand-carrying fluid with a certain sand ratio. The sand pump transports the proppant from the sand storage tank to the sand mixing tank, and fully mixes it with the fracturing fluid under the action of the stirring device, while the metering device accurately controls the amount of proppant and fracturing fluid added. The outlet of the fracturing truck is connected to the ground manifold through a high-pressure oil pipe. The ground manifold includes high-pressure tees, crosses, check valves, control valves and other components. These manifolds distribute and transmit the high-pressure fracturing fluid output by the fracturing truck to ensure that the fracturing fluid can flow stably to the wellhead. The ground manifold is connected to the wellhead device, which mainly includes the Christmas tree, casing head, tubing head, etc. The fracturing fluid enters the tubing through the tubing head of the wellhead device, and then is transported downward along the tubing. The following problems exist in the existing construction process: (1) In order to ensure the safety of high-pressure transmission, each pipeline connection needs to be fully tightened. Operators rotate the connectors by hammering, which is labor-intensive and inefficient.

[0003] (2) When preparing the sand-carrying fluid, in order to reduce the amount of bubbles in the sand-carrying fluid, defoamers are added or slow stirring is used, but this increases costs and reduces mixing efficiency. At the same time, in the preparation stage of the sand-carrying fluid, proppant is added after thickener and cross-linking agent are added, and auger sand is used to drop materials at the same position, which has low mixing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, comprising an instrument vehicle, a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing vehicle, a fracturing vehicle and a high-pressure manifold, wherein the liquid storage tank, the sand mixing vehicle, the fracturing vehicle and the high-pressure manifold are connected in sequence, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe of the fracturing vehicle is arranged on the side of the fracturing vehicle through an adjusting mechanism, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the booster output pipe of the fracturing vehicle through a fastening monitoring mechanism; the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold through a fastening monitoring mechanism, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold is connected to the wellhead device through a fastening monitoring mechanism; The sand mixing truck is equipped with a negative pressure sand mixing unit.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism comprises a lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic frame, a rotating disk is installed on the telescopic frame, a height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rotating disk, the telescopic end of the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe through a mounting plate, and a supporting hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe; The lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the rotating disk, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder and the supporting hydraulic cylinder are all electrically connected to the control terminal of the fracturing truck; before the fracturing truck enters the working position, the supporting hydraulic cylinder contracts so that the supporting hydraulic cylinder is away from the mounting plate of the fracturing truck, the rotating disk is started so that the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe rotates with the rotating disk as the center of the circle, so that the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is set outward; after the fracturing truck is driven to the working position, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder contracts so that the height of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is set relative to the booster output pipe, the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder extends to adjust the lateral position of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe, and the supporting hydraulic cylinder extends to contact the ground to support the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the fastening monitoring mechanism comprises two annular clamping units, each of which is provided with at least one connecting and fastening unit, the connecting and fastening units arranged in pairs opposite to each other are detachably connected, and the connecting and fastening units are provided with monitoring sensors; The annular clamping unit, the connection and tightening unit and the monitoring sensor are all electrically connected to the tightening controller, and the tightening controller communicates with the instrument vehicle.

[0008] Preferably, the annular clamping unit comprises a fixed ring and a driving ring arranged inside the fixed ring, a spiral driving pattern is arranged on one side of the driving ring, a meshing tooth is arranged on the circumferential side of the driving ring, the meshing tooth is meshed with a clamping driving motor fixed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, a plurality of slide grooves are provided on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, a clamping block is arranged in the slide groove, one side of the clamping block is meshed with the spiral driving pattern, and the top of the clamping block is arranged in the positioning groove of the pipeline; a rotating gear ring is rotatably installed on the fixed ring, the rotating gear ring is meshed with a fastening driving motor installed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, and the fastening driving motor is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate; The tightening drive motor and the clamping drive motor are electrically connected to the tightening controller. The drive ring is rotated by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor. Under the action of the spiral drive pattern, several clamping blocks are moved inward or outward synchronously. When the clamping block moves inward, the top of the clamping block is inserted into the positioning groove, so that the fixing ring is fixedly installed on the pipe; when the clamping block moves outward, the clamping block is disengaged from the positioning groove, so that the fixing ring is separated from the pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting and fastening unit comprises a connecting plate, monitoring sensors are installed on both sides of the connecting plate, one end of the connecting plate is installed on the rotating gear ring, the other end of the connecting plate is connected to a connecting hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the connecting hydraulic cylinder is provided with a docking assembly, the docking assembly comprises a fixed hook, a C-shaped hook tongue is provided in the fixed hook through a pin shaft, a self-locking pin is provided at the tail of the fixed hook, the self-locking pin is arranged opposite to the ejection spring on the fixed hook, the ejection spring is installed on the fixed hook through a U-shaped support, and the accommodating groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin is arranged opposite to the C-shaped hook tongue; The connecting hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to the tightening controller, the connecting hydraulic cylinders of the two symmetrically arranged connecting plates are extended, the two C-shaped hook tongues collide and rotate to hook each other, the C-shaped locking tongue disengages from the accommodating groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin, and after the C-shaped hook tongue is in place, the self-locking pin enters the fixed hook under the action of the ejection spring to limit the return of the C-shaped hook tongue, thereby realizing the connection between the two connecting hydraulic cylinders.

[0010] Preferably, the negative pressure sand mixing unit includes a sand mixing tank, which is connected to a negative pressure pump. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected to a liquid storage tank through a liquid inlet pipe, on which a liquid inlet pump is provided. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected to a fracturing vehicle through a liquid outlet pipe, on which a liquid outlet pump is provided.

[0011] Preferably, a sand spreading assembly is provided on the top of the sand mixing tank, and the sand spreading assembly includes a centrifugal disk fixed on the stirring shaft. A plurality of circumferentially distributed sand inlet pipes are provided on the top of the sand mixing tank, and the sand inlet pipes are arranged opposite to the centrifugal disk. The stirring shaft is connected to a stirring drive motor, and the stirring drive motor is electrically connected to a control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle. During the rotation and stirring of the stirring shaft, the sand falls into the centrifugal disk through the plurality of sand inlet pipes, and the centrifugal disk rotates synchronously with the stirring shaft to throw out the sand.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring shaft is a hollow shaft, the circumferential side and the bottom of the hollow shaft are provided with sand outlet holes, a one-way valve is provided on the sand outlet hole, the top of the hollow shaft is connected to the sand hopper through a rotary joint, the hollow shaft is connected to the air outlet pipe of the negative pressure pump through a rotary joint, and the air outlet pipe is provided with an exhaust valve; The exhaust valve and the negative pressure pump are electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle. During the rotation and mixing of the agitator shaft, the sand in the sand hopper enters the hollow shaft, and under the pneumatic conveying and centrifugal action of the negative pressure pump, the sand is rushed out through the sand outlet hole until the amount of sand added reaches the set value, and then the exhaust valve is opened. When a pressure gauge is provided in the mixing tank, the pressure gauge is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle. According to the data of the pressure gauge, the start and stop and power of the negative pressure pump are controlled, so that the mixing tank is stirred and mixed under negative pressure.

[0013] Preferably, the sand hopper is connected to the sand supply auger on the sand mixing vehicle, a filter mechanism is arranged in the sand hopper, the filter mechanism comprises a filter plate slidably arranged in the sand hopper, the filter plate is connected to a linkage frame, the linkage frame comprises a limit frame, guide columns are arranged on both sides of the limit frame, the guide columns are slidably arranged in a sliding sleeve on the sand hopper, a driving cam is arranged in the limit frame, the driving cam is arranged on a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is installed in the sand hopper, a grinding wheel is installed on the rotating shaft, and the grinding wheel is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the sand supply auger; The sand supply auger transports the sand to the discharge port. During the falling process of the sand, the grinding wheel is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the driving cam to rotate, causing the limit frame to swing back and forth, driving the filter screen to swing back and forth.

[0014] Preferably, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold, the angle adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment disk provided at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold, the adjustment disk is connected to a jacking hydraulic cylinder, the jacking hydraulic cylinder and the adjustment disk are both electrically connected to a control terminal of the high-pressure manifold, and the control terminal of the high-pressure manifold communicates with the instrument vehicle; After hoisting to the set position of the high-pressure manifold and lowering it, the jacking hydraulic cylinder extends to make the bottom of the high-pressure manifold away from the ground, and then the adjusting disk is started to adjust the angle. After the angle adjustment is completed, the jacking hydraulic cylinder contracts the high-pressure manifold and lowers it.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe and the booster output pipe of the fracturing truck, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe and the slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold and the wellhead device are all connected through a tightening monitoring mechanism to achieve automatic tightening of pipeline fasteners. At the same time, the two annular clamping units between the two pipes are connected through a connecting tightening unit to provide further connection protection, and a monitoring sensor is set to improve safety.

[0016] (2) The sand enters the sand mixing tank through the loose sand assembly and the stirring shaft, which makes the feeding more uniform and improves the sand mixing efficiency. At the same time, a negative pressure pump is set to achieve negative pressure stirring and reduce the amount of bubbles.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fracturing vehicle of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fastening monitoring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular clamping unit of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drive ring and the fixed ring of the present invention Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection and fastening unit of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the docking assembly structure of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative pressure sand mixing unit of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filtering mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals 1. Instrument vehicle; 2. Liquid storage tank; 3. Sand mixer; 31. Negative pressure sand mixer unit; 311. Sand mixer; 3111. Liquid inlet pipe; 3112. Liquid inlet pump; 3113. Liquid outlet pipe; 3114. Liquid outlet pump; 312. Negative pressure pump; 32. Sand spreading assembly; 321. Centrifugal disc; 322. Sand inlet pipe; 33. Agitator shaft; 34. One-way valve; 35. Sand hopper; 36. Exhaust valve; 37. Pressure gauge; 38. Sand supply auger; 4. Fracturing vehicle; 41. High pressure slurry outlet pipe; 42. Booster output pipe; 5. High pressure manifold; 51. Slurry inlet pipe; 6. Adjustment mechanism; 61. Lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 62. Telescopic frame; 63. Rotating disc; 64. Height adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 65. Mounting plate; 66. Support hydraulic cylinder; 7. Fastening monitoring mechanism; 71. Annular clamping unit; 711, fixing ring; 7111, slide groove; 712, driving ring; 7121, spiral driving pattern; 7122, meshing teeth; 713, clamping drive motor; 714, clamping block; 715, rotating gear ring; 716, fastening drive motor; 72, connecting fastening unit; 721, connecting plate; 722, connecting hydraulic cylinder; 723, docking assembly; 7231, fixing hook; 7232, C-shaped hook tongue; 7233, self-locking pin; 7234, ejection spring; 7235, U-shaped support; 73, monitoring sensor; 8, filtering mechanism; 81, filtering plate; 82, limiting frame; 83, guide column; 84, driving cam; 85, rotating shaft; 86, grinding wheel; 9, angle adjustment mechanism; 91, adjusting disk; 92, lifting hydraulic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development includes an instrument vehicle 1, a liquid storage tank 2, a sand mixing vehicle 3, a fracturing vehicle 4 and a high-pressure manifold 5. The liquid storage tank 2, the sand mixing vehicle 3, the fracturing vehicle 4 and the high-pressure manifold 5 are connected in sequence. The instrument vehicle 1 is used for controlling the above-mentioned equipment, which belongs to the prior art and the specific structure is not limited here.

[0023] The high pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 of the fracturing vehicle 4 is arranged on the side of the fracturing vehicle 4 through the adjusting mechanism 6. Figure 2As shown, the adjustment mechanism 6 includes a lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 61, the telescopic end of the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 61 is connected to the telescopic frame 62, a rotating disk 63 is installed on the telescopic frame 62, a height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 64 is arranged on the rotating disk 63, the telescopic end of the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 64 is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 through a mounting plate 65, and a supporting hydraulic cylinder 66 is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41. The lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 61, the rotating disk 63, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 64 and the supporting hydraulic cylinder 66 are all electrically connected to the control terminal of the fracturing vehicle 4. When the fracturing vehicle 4 is driving, one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is arranged on the mounting plate 65, and the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is arranged on the mounting plate 65 of the fracturing vehicle 4, so that the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is attached to the side of the fracturing vehicle 4, which is convenient for transportation and driving. Before the fracturing vehicle 4 enters the working position, the supporting hydraulic cylinder 66 is retracted so that the supporting hydraulic cylinder 66 is away from the mounting plate 65 of the fracturing vehicle 4, and the rotating disk 63 is started so that the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 rotates with the rotating disk 63 as the center, so that the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is arranged outward. After the fracturing vehicle 4 is driven to the working position, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder 64 is retracted so that the height of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is arranged opposite to the booster output pipe 42, so as to facilitate the connection between the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the booster output pipe 42. The lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 61 is extended to adjust the lateral position of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41, and the supporting hydraulic cylinder 66 is extended to contact the ground to support the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41, so as to facilitate the connection between the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the slurry inlet pipe 51 of the high-pressure manifold 5.

[0024] In order to improve the assembly efficiency and safety of the pipeline, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the booster output pipe 42 of the fracturing vehicle 4, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the slurry inlet pipe 51 of the high-pressure manifold 5, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold 5 and the wellhead device are all connected through a fastening monitoring mechanism 7.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the tightening monitoring mechanism 7 includes two annular clamping units 71, and a plurality of connecting tightening units 72 are arranged on the two annular clamping units 71. The connecting tightening units 72 arranged in pairs are detachably connected, and the connecting tightening units 72 are provided with monitoring sensors 73. The annular clamping units 71, the connecting tightening units 72 and the monitoring sensors 73 are all electrically connected to the tightening controller, and the tightening controller communicates with the instrument vehicle 1 to facilitate the control of each tightening monitoring mechanism 7.

[0026] like Figure 4-5As shown, the annular clamping unit 71 includes a fixed ring 711 and a driving ring 712 arranged in the fixed ring 711, a spiral driving pattern 7121 is arranged on one side of the driving ring 712, and a meshing tooth 7122 is arranged on the circumferential side of the driving ring 712, the meshing tooth 7122 is meshed with a clamping driving motor 713 fixed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring 711, a plurality of slide grooves 7111 are opened on the circumferential side of the fixed ring 711, a clamping block 714 is arranged in the slide groove 7111, one side of the clamping block 714 is meshed with the spiral driving pattern 7121, and the top of the clamping block 714 is arranged in the positioning groove of the pipeline; a rotating gear ring 715 is rotatably installed on the fixed ring 711, and the rotating gear ring 715 is meshed with a fastening driving motor 716 installed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring 711, and the fastening driving motor 716 is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate, and push the fastener to rotate during the rotation process, so as to realize the reinforcement of the pipeline connection. The tightening drive motor 716 and the clamping drive motor 713 are electrically connected to the tightening controller, and the drive ring 712 is rotated by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor. Under the action of the spiral drive pattern 7121, a plurality of clamping blocks 714 are synchronously moved inward or outward. When the clamping block 714 moves inward, the top of the clamping block 714 is inserted into the positioning groove, limiting the circumferential position and axial position of the fixing ring 711, so that the fixing ring 711 is fixedly installed on the pipeline. When the clamping block 714 moves outward, the clamping block 714 is disengaged from the positioning groove, so that the fixing ring 711 is separated from the pipeline, which is convenient for disassembly and replacement of the annular clamping unit 71.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, the connection and fastening unit 72 includes a connection plate 721, monitoring sensors 73 are installed on both sides of the connection plate 721, one end of the connection plate 721 is installed on the rotating gear ring 715, and the other end of the connection plate 721 is connected to a connecting hydraulic cylinder 722, and the telescopic end of the connecting hydraulic cylinder 722 is provided with a docking assembly 723, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, the docking assembly 723 includes a fixed hook 7231, in which a C-shaped hook tongue 7232 is rotatably arranged through a pin shaft, a self-locking pin 7233 is arranged at the tail of the fixed hook 7231, the self-locking pin 7233 is arranged opposite to the ejection spring 7234 on the fixed hook 7231, the ejection spring 7234 is installed on the fixed hook 7231 through a U-shaped support member 7235, and the accommodating groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin 7233 is arranged opposite to the C-shaped hook tongue 7232. The connecting hydraulic cylinder 722 is electrically connected to the fastening controller, the connecting hydraulic cylinders 722 of the two symmetrically arranged connecting plates 721 are extended, the two C-shaped hook tongues 7232 collide and rotate to hook each other, the C-shaped locking tongue is separated from the receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin 7233, and after the C-shaped hook tongue 7232 is in place, the self-locking pin 7233 enters the fixed hook 7231 under the action of the ejection spring 7234 to limit the return of the C-shaped hook tongue 7232, thereby realizing the connection of the two connecting hydraulic cylinders 722. After the two connecting hydraulic cylinders 722 are connected, the protection of the pipeline interface is realized, and when a high-pressure leak or interface collapse occurs, the pipeline is prevented from moving significantly under the action of the high-pressure liquid, and the pipeline that moves significantly is prevented from damaging other equipment, thereby reducing economic losses.

[0028] At the same time, the monitoring sensor 73 can be a pressure sensor or a distance sensor. During operation, when the data collected by the pressure sensor or the distance sensor exceeds the set value, it is determined that there is a loose situation. After receiving the alarm information, the instrument vehicle 1 stops functioning and performs manual inspection and repair.

[0029] The sand mixing vehicle 3 is provided with a negative pressure sand mixing unit 31. Figure 8 As shown, the negative pressure sand mixing unit 31 includes a sand mixing tank 311, which is connected to a negative pressure pump 312. The bottom of the sand mixing tank 311 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2 through a liquid inlet pipe 3111, and a liquid inlet pump 3112 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe 3111. The bottom of the sand mixing tank 311 is connected to the fracturing vehicle 4 through a liquid outlet pipe 3113, and a liquid outlet pump 3114 is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 3113. The liquid inlet pump 3112 and the liquid outlet pump 3114 are both connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle 3 for controlling the inflow and outflow of liquid.

[0030] A sand spreading assembly 32 is arranged on the top of the sand mixing tank 311, and the sand spreading assembly 32 includes a centrifugal disk 321 fixed on the stirring shaft 33. A plurality of circumferentially distributed sand inlet pipes 322 are arranged on the top of the sand mixing tank 311, and the sand inlet pipes 322 are arranged opposite to the centrifugal disk 321. The stirring shaft 33 is connected to a stirring drive motor, and the stirring drive motor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle 3. During the rotation and stirring of the stirring shaft 33, the sand falls into the centrifugal disk 321 through the plurality of sand inlet pipes 322, and the centrifugal disk 321 rotates synchronously with the stirring shaft 33 to throw out the sand, and the sand evenly enters the sand mixing tank 311, thereby improving the sand mixing efficiency.

[0031] The stirring shaft 33 is a hollow shaft, and the circumferential side and the bottom of the hollow shaft are provided with sand outlet holes, and a one-way valve 34 is provided on the sand outlet hole. The top of the hollow shaft is connected to the sand hopper 35 through a rotary joint, and the hollow shaft is connected to the air outlet pipe of the negative pressure pump 312 through a rotary joint, and the air outlet pipe is provided with an exhaust valve 36. The exhaust valve 36 and the negative pressure pump 312 are electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle 3. During the rotating stirring process of the stirring shaft 33, the sand in the sand hopper 35 enters the hollow shaft, and under the pneumatic conveying of the negative pressure pump 312 and the centrifugal action, the sand rushes out through the sand outlet hole until the amount of sand added reaches the set value. Sand is added in two ways, and both are added in a uniform way to improve the mixing efficiency. The exhaust valve 36 is opened. A pressure gauge 37 is provided in the mixing tank. The pressure gauge 37 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand blending vehicle 3. The start and stop and power of the negative pressure pump 312 are controlled according to the data of the pressure gauge 37, so that the mixing tank is stirred and mixed under negative pressure to reduce the amount of bubbles.

[0032] The sand hopper 35 is connected to the sand supply auger 38 on the sand mixing vehicle 3, and a filtering mechanism 8 is provided in the sand hopper 35. Fig. 9 As shown, the filtering mechanism 8 includes a filter plate 81 slidably arranged in the sand hopper 35, the filter plate 81 is connected to a linkage frame, the linkage frame includes a limit frame 82, guide columns 83 are arranged on both sides of the limit frame 82, the guide columns 83 are slidably arranged in the sliding sleeve on the sand hopper 35, a driving cam 84 is arranged in the limit frame 82, the driving cam 84 is arranged on a rotating shaft 85, the rotating shaft 85 is installed in the sand hopper 35, a grinding wheel 86 is installed on the rotating shaft 85, the grinding wheel 86 is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the sand supply auger 38, the sand supply auger 38 transports the sand to the discharge port, and the grinding wheel 86 is driven to rotate during the falling process of the sand, thereby driving the rotating shaft 85 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 85 drives the driving cam 84 to rotate, so that the limit frame 82 swings back and forth, driving the filter net to swing back and forth, thereby improving the filtering effect, and in the process of reciprocating swinging, the compacted sand is broken, thereby improving the mixing efficiency.

[0033] An angle adjustment mechanism 9 is provided at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold 5. The angle adjustment mechanism 9 includes an adjustment disk 91 provided at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold 5. The adjustment disk 91 is connected to a lifting hydraulic cylinder 92. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 92 and the adjustment disk 91 are both electrically connected to the control terminal of the high-pressure manifold 5. The control terminal of the high-pressure manifold 5 communicates with the instrument vehicle 1. After the high-pressure manifold 5 is hoisted to the set position and lowered, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 92 is extended to make the bottom of the high-pressure manifold 5 away from the ground, and the adjustment disk 91 is started to adjust the angle. After the angle adjustment is completed, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 92 contracts the high-pressure manifold 5 and lowers it. It is convenient for adjustment on the ground and improves safety compared to adjustment in the air.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, comprising an instrument vehicle, a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing vehicle, a fracturing vehicle and a high-pressure manifold, wherein the liquid storage tank, the sand mixing vehicle, the fracturing vehicle and the high-pressure manifold are connected in sequence, and characterized in that: The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe of the fracturing truck is arranged on the side of the fracturing truck through an adjusting mechanism, and the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the boost output pipe of the fracturing truck through a fastening monitoring mechanism; the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold through a fastening monitoring mechanism, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold is connected to the wellhead device through a fastening monitoring mechanism; the fastening monitoring mechanism includes two annular clamping units, each of which is provided with at least one connecting fastening unit, and the connecting fastening units arranged in pairs are detachably connected, and the connecting fastening units are provided with monitoring sensors; the annular clamping unit, the connecting fastening unit and the monitoring sensor are all electrically connected to the fastening controller, and the fastening controller communicates with the instrument vehicle; The sand mixing truck is provided with a negative pressure sand mixing unit, which includes a sand mixing tank, which is connected to a negative pressure pump. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected to a liquid storage tank through a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid inlet pump is provided on the liquid inlet pipe. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected to a fracturing truck through a liquid outlet pipe, and a liquid outlet pump is provided on the liquid outlet pipe. A sand spreading assembly is provided on the top of the sand mixing tank, and the sand spreading assembly includes a centrifugal disk fixed on a stirring shaft. A plurality of circumferentially distributed sand inlet pipes are provided on the top of the sand mixing tank, and the sand inlet pipes are arranged opposite to the centrifugal disk. The stirring shaft is connected to a stirring drive motor, and the stirring drive motor is electrically connected to a control terminal of the sand mixing truck. During the rotation and stirring process of the stirring shaft, the sand falls into the centrifugal disk through a plurality of sand inlet pipes, and the centrifugal disk rotates synchronously with the stirring shaft to throw the sand out.

2. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic frame, a rotating disk is installed on the telescopic frame, a height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rotating disk, the telescopic end of the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe through a mounting plate, and a supporting hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe; The lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the rotating disk, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder and the supporting hydraulic cylinder are all electrically connected to the control terminal of the fracturing truck; before the fracturing truck enters the working position, the supporting hydraulic cylinder contracts so that the supporting hydraulic cylinder is away from the mounting plate of the fracturing truck, the rotating disk is started so that the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe rotates with the rotating disk as the center of the circle, so that the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is set outward; after the fracturing truck is driven to the working position, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder contracts so that the height of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is set relative to the booster output pipe, the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder extends to adjust the lateral position of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe, and the supporting hydraulic cylinder extends to contact the ground to support the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe.

3. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular clamping unit comprises a fixed ring and a driving ring arranged in the fixed ring, a spiral driving pattern is arranged on one side of the driving ring, and meshing teeth are arranged on the circumferential side of the driving ring, the meshing teeth mesh with the clamping driving motor fixed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, a plurality of slide grooves are opened on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, a clamping block is arranged in the slide groove, one side of the clamping block meshes with the spiral driving pattern, and the top of the clamping block is arranged in the positioning groove of the pipeline; a rotating gear ring is rotatably installed on the fixed ring, the rotating gear ring meshes with the fastening driving motor installed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, and the fastening driving motor is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate; The tightening drive motor and the clamping drive motor are electrically connected to the tightening controller. The drive ring is rotated by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor. Under the action of the spiral drive pattern, several clamping blocks are moved inward or outward synchronously. When the clamping block moves inward, the top of the clamping block is inserted into the positioning groove, so that the fixing ring is fixedly installed on the pipe; when the clamping block moves outward, the clamping block is disengaged from the positioning groove, so that the fixing ring is separated from the pipe.

4. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection and fastening unit includes a connection plate, monitoring sensors are installed on both sides of the connection plate, one end of the connection plate is installed on the rotating gear ring, the other end of the connection plate is connected to a connection hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the connection hydraulic cylinder is provided with a docking assembly, the docking assembly includes a fixed hook, a C-shaped hook tongue is provided in the fixed hook through the rotation of a pin shaft, a self-locking pin is provided at the tail of the fixed hook, the self-locking pin is arranged opposite to the ejection spring on the fixed hook, the ejection spring is installed on the fixed hook through a U-shaped support, and the receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin is arranged opposite to the C-shaped hook tongue; The connecting hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to the tightening controller, the connecting hydraulic cylinders of the two symmetrically arranged connecting plates are extended, the two C-shaped hook tongues collide and rotate to hook each other, the C-shaped locking tongue disengages from the accommodating groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin, and after the C-shaped hook tongue is in place, the self-locking pin enters the fixed hook under the action of the ejection spring to limit the return of the C-shaped hook tongue, thereby realizing the connection between the two connecting hydraulic cylinders.

5. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring shaft is a hollow shaft, and sand outlet holes are provided on the circumferential side and the bottom of the hollow shaft, and a one-way valve is provided on the sand outlet hole. The top of the hollow shaft is connected to the sand hopper through a rotating joint, and the hollow shaft is connected to the air outlet pipe of the negative pressure pump through a rotating joint, and the air outlet pipe is provided with an exhaust valve; The exhaust valve and the negative pressure pump are electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle. During the rotation and mixing of the agitator shaft, the sand in the sand hopper enters the hollow shaft, and under the pneumatic conveying and centrifugal action of the negative pressure pump, the sand is rushed out through the sand outlet hole until the amount of sand added reaches the set value, and then the exhaust valve is opened. When a pressure gauge is provided in the mixing tank, the pressure gauge is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing vehicle. According to the data of the pressure gauge, the start and stop and power of the negative pressure pump are controlled, so that the mixing tank is stirred and mixed under negative pressure.

6. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sand hopper is connected to the sand supply auger on the sand mixing vehicle, a filter mechanism is arranged in the sand hopper, the filter mechanism includes a filter plate slidably arranged in the sand hopper, the filter plate is connected to a linkage frame, the linkage frame includes a limit frame, guide columns are arranged on both sides of the limit frame, the guide columns are slidably arranged in the sliding sleeve on the sand hopper, a driving cam is arranged in the limit frame, the driving cam is arranged on a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is installed in the sand hopper, a grinding wheel is installed on the rotating shaft, and the grinding wheel is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the sand supply auger; The sand supply auger transports the sand to the discharge port. During the falling process of the sand, the grinding wheel is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the driving cam to rotate, causing the limit frame to swing back and forth, driving the filter screen to swing back and forth.

7. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 6, characterized in that: An angle adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold, and the angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment disk provided at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold, and the adjustment disk is connected to a jacking hydraulic cylinder, and the jacking hydraulic cylinder and the adjustment disk are both electrically connected to the control terminal of the high-pressure manifold, and the control terminal of the high-pressure manifold communicates with the instrument vehicle; After hoisting to the set position of the high-pressure manifold and lowering it, the jacking hydraulic cylinder extends to make the bottom of the high-pressure manifold away from the ground, and then the adjusting disk is started to adjust the angle. After the angle adjustment is completed, the jacking hydraulic cylinder contracts the high-pressure manifold and lowers it.

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