Earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experiment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation experiment device for an earth pressure balance shield machine. The simulation experiment device comprises a shield body system, a pushing system and a support system arranged below the shield body system. The shield body system comprises a shield shell and a partition plate, a cutter head, a cutter head motor, a first control assembly and a soil conveying assembly which are arranged in the shield shell, the partition plate is located in the front end of the shield shell and provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, and the cutter head is connected with the cutter head motor through a coupler; the partition plate is provided with a first through hole allowing the cutter head motor to penetrate through and a second through hole allowing the soil conveying assembly to penetrate through. A plurality of soil pressure sensors are arranged on the side, close to the partition plate bin, of the partition plate. A torque sensor is installed on the coupler. The pushing system comprises a reaction wall, a laser range finder and a plurality of pushing assemblies, wherein the laser range finder and the pushing assemblies are arranged on the reaction wall. The first control assembly is in electric signal connection with the cutterhead motor and the soil conveying assembly. The invention aims to obtain the experimental parameters of the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine in the tunneling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine simulation test, in particular to an earth pressure balance shield machine simulation test device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the shield method is a fully mechanized construction method in the dark excavation method. It pushes the shield machine into the ground, and supports the surrounding rock with the shield shell and segments to prevent collapse into the tunnel. At the same time, the soil is excavated in front of the excavation face with a cutting device, transported out of the cave by an excavation machine, and pushed forward by a jack at the rear, and prefabricated concrete segments are assembled to form a mechanized construction method of the tunnel structure.

[0003] Among them, shield construction mainly includes three stages: starting, excavation and receiving. There are two main normal excavation methods: earth pressure balance shield and slurry pressure shield. The working principle of the earth pressure balance shield is that the earth pressure balance shield cuts the soil in front through the cutter disc, and then transports the soil to the muck truck through the screw conveyor and belt conveyor. The muck truck transports the soil to the starting well, and then transports the soil to the ground through the vertical system. The working principle of the slurry pressure shield is that the slurry pressure shield also cuts the soil in front through the cutter disc, but the cut soil and sand are mixed with low-density mud to form high-density mud. The high-density mud is transported to the sedimentation tank on the ground through the mud system, and becomes low-density mud after sedimentation, and then enters the next circulation system. And the earth pressure balance shield is generally suitable for sandy soil and clay, low water pressure and small water volume formation; while the slurry pressure shield is more suitable for sandy or pebble formations with more water or high water and soil pressure. The excavation surface of these formations is unstable and groundwater is easy to lose. Furthermore, in the actual test process, earth pressure balance shield is often used for test simulation. In situ tests are difficult, time-consuming and labor-intensive to implement, and collecting relevant data on site during construction will affect the construction progress. Due to the complexity of the shield construction excavation process, most model tests only consider a certain process of the excavation process, and lack comprehensiveness and systematicness.

[0004] The invention patent with the existing patent publication number CN108731956A discloses a kind of earth pressure balance shield slag improvement simulation test device and test method, the test device includes a main structure, a cutter head drive system, a hydraulic propulsion system, a slag discharge system and a monitoring system, wherein the main structure includes an outer cylinder, a sealing partition, a weight-bearing base and an upper bracket; the cutter head drive system includes a cutter head, a transmission shaft, a first variable frequency drive motor, and a first reducer; the hydraulic propulsion system includes a propulsion piston, a propulsion cylinder, a hydraulic plunger pump, and a thruster; the slag discharge system includes a spiral conveying cylinder, a second reducer, a second variable frequency drive motor and a slag box; the monitoring system consists of a sensor and a sensor data acquisition control box. Although the device can simulate the dynamic excavation, cutter head cutting, spiral excavation, and slag improvement process of the earth pressure balance shield machine, it tends to determine the best type and ratio of the improver according to the flow state of the improved slag and the excavation data, and thus the relevant data in the actual excavation process is not incomplete. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a comprehensive and systematic test device that can simulate the excavation process of the earth pressure balance shield machine to provide a theoretical basis for the actual earth pressure balance shield construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing earth pressure balance shield test device cannot comprehensively and systematically obtain the relevant parameters of the simulated shield machine excavation process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experiment device, the device comprising a shield system, a jacking system and a support system arranged below the shield system;

[0007] The shield system includes a shield shell and a partition arranged inside the shield shell, a cutter disc, a cutter disc motor, a first control component and a soil transport component. The partition is located inside the front end of the shield shell. The partition is provided with a first through hole for the cutter disc motor to pass through and a second through hole for the soil transport component to pass through. The cutter disc is connected to the cutter disc motor through a coupling. A partition bin for temporarily storing soil is formed between the cutter disc and the partition.

[0008] A plurality of soil pressure sensors are arranged on one side of the partition close to the partition bin, and a torque sensor is installed on the coupling, and the torque sensor is used to record the torque of the cutter motor in the cutting process in real time;

[0009] The pushing system includes a reaction wall, a laser rangefinder and a plurality of pushing components arranged on the reaction wall, wherein the laser rangefinder is used to record in real time the pushing distance of the plurality of pushing components to the rear end of the shield system;

[0010] The first control component is connected with the cutter disc motor and the soil transport component by electrical signals.

[0011] Optionally, the soil transport assembly includes a spiral excavator and an excavation landslide, and the front end of the spiral excavator passes through the second through hole and is connected to the partition bin.

[0012] Optionally, the spiral excavator comprises a cylinder, a spiral rotating shaft arranged in the cylinder, and a rotating shaft motor for controlling the spiral rotating shaft;

[0013] The shaft motor is also connected to the first control component by electrical signals. The excavation slope is located below the end of the spiral shaft. The spiral shaft is used to bring the soil in the partition bin out and onto the excavation slope.

[0014] Optionally, the cylinder, the excavated landslide and the rotating shaft motor are respectively connected to the corresponding first telescopic support, the second telescopic support and the third telescopic support, and the first telescopic support, the second telescopic support and the third telescopic support are respectively connected to the first control component by electrical signals.

[0015] Optionally, a vibrator is also provided at the bottom of the unearthed landslide, and the vibrator is also connected to the first control component via an electrical signal.

[0016] Optionally, the support system includes a shield track, a plurality of support seats and a soil storage bin;

[0017] Each support seat is arranged below the shield track, and each soil storage bin is arranged between two adjacent support seats, wherein one of the soil storage bins is located below the bottom of the excavated landslide.

[0018] Optionally, a pulley is provided under each soil storage bin.

[0019] Optionally, the pushing system is further provided with a second control component, and the second control component is connected to the plurality of pushing components via electrical signals.

[0020] Optionally, a reflective lens is further provided at the rear end of the shield shell, and the reflective lens is used to reflect the light emitted by the laser rangefinder, so that the laser rangefinder can measure the pushing distance according to the emitted light and the reflected light.

[0021] Optionally, a cutter disc motor support is fixedly connected to a side of the partition away from the partition bin, the coupling and the torque sensor are both arranged inside the cutter disc motor support, and the cutter disc motor is fixed on the cutter disc motor support.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention uses a first control component to control the cutter disc motor to rotate at a preset speed to drive the cutter disc 102 to perform excavation operations, and the cutter disc motor is also provided with a torque sensor, which can record the torque of the cutter disc motor in real time; the partition is provided with a soil pressure sensor to record the soil bin pressure in real time; three retractable supports are provided on the soil transport component to adjust the inclination of the spiral excavator and the excavation landslide, and the excavation efficiency is adjusted by coordinating the rotation speed of the shaft motor. The jacking system is provided with a laser rangefinder to record the jacking distance in real time. It can be seen that the present device can comprehensively and systematically carry out the cutter disc cutting process and the soil transport process, and can record the cutter disc torque and rotation speed, soil bin pressure, rotation speed of the shaft motor of the spiral excavator, jacking force, jacking distance and other related cutting process parameters in real time under the working state, thereby providing data basis for the actual excavation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the shield;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the cutter motor connection diagram;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the push system;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the support system;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the soil transport device.

[0031] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0032] 1. Shield system, 101. Shield, 102. Cutter disc, 103. Partition, 104. Cutter disc motor support, 105. Cutter disc motor, 106. First control component, 107. Cylinder, 108. Spiral shaft, 109. Shaft motor, 110. First telescopic support, 111. Reflective lens, 112. Soil pressure sensor, 113. Coupling, 114. Torque sensor, 115. Excavation landslide, 116. Vibrator, 117. Second telescopic support, 118 Third telescopic support, 2. Propulsion system, 201. Reaction wall, 202. Laser rangefinder, 203. Second control component, 204. Propulsion component, 3. Support system, 301. Shield track, 302. Support seat, 303. Soil storage bin.

[0033] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the implementation methods and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0037] Furthermore, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in the field. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0038] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device, wherein the device includes a shield system 1, a jacking system 2 and a support system 3 arranged below the shield system 1.

[0039] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the shield system 1 includes a shield shell 101 and a partition 103, a cutter disc 102, a cutter disc motor 105, a first control component 106 and a soil transport component arranged inside the shield shell 101. The partition 103 is located inside the front end of the shield shell 101. The partition 103 is provided with a first through hole for the cutter disc motor 105 to pass through and a second through hole for the soil transport component to pass through. The cutter disc 102 is connected to the cutter disc motor 105 through a coupling 113. A partition bin for temporarily storing soil is formed between the cutter disc 102 and the partition 103. Preferably, the rotating shaft of the cutter disc 102 is connected to the rotating shaft of the cutter disc motor 105 through the coupling 113, and the first control component 106 is connected to the cutter disc motor 105 by electrical signals. Then the cutter disc motor 105 drives the cutter disc 102 to rotate according to the speed preset by the first control component 106. A plurality of soil pressure sensors 112 are arranged on one side of the partition 103 close to the partition bin, and a torque sensor 114 is installed on the coupling 113. The torque sensor 114 is used to record in real time the torque of the cutter motor 105 of the cutter disc 102 during the cutting process, and the soil bin pressure during the cutting process is recorded in real time through the plurality of soil pressure sensors 112. If the soil bin pressure is too high, the first control component 106 will issue a reminder so that the operator can respond in time.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the pushing system 2 includes a reaction wall 201, a laser rangefinder 202 and a plurality of pushing components 204 arranged on the reaction wall 201, and the laser rangefinder 202 is used to record in real time the pushing distance of the plurality of pushing components 204 to the rear end of the shield system 1. Preferably, the pushing component 204 is a jack.

[0041] Furthermore, the pushing system 2 is also provided with a second control component 203, and the second control component 203 is connected to a plurality of pushing components 204 via electrical signals, so that the pushing components 204 can be extended according to a preset pushing force to move the shield system 1 forward.

[0042] Furthermore, a reflective lens 111 is provided at the rear end of the shield shell 101, and the reflective lens 111 is used to reflect the light emitted by the laser rangefinder 202, so that the laser rangefinder 202 can measure the pushing distance according to the emitted light and the reflected light, thereby realizing that the laser rangefinder 202 can record the elongation of the pushing component 204, that is, the pushing distance of the shield model in real time.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 2 , 3As shown, the side of the partition 103 away from the partition bin is also fixedly connected to the cutter disc motor support 104, the cutter disc motor support 104 is a hollow structure and is connected to the first through hole, the coupling 113 and the torque sensor 114 are both arranged inside the cutter disc motor support 104, and the cutter disc motor 105 is fixed on one side of the cutter disc motor support 104.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the soil transport assembly includes a spiral excavator and an excavation landslide 115, and the front end of the spiral excavator passes through the second through hole and is connected to the partition bin. Specifically, the spiral excavator includes a cylinder 107, a spiral shaft 108 disposed in the cylinder 107, and a shaft motor 109 for controlling the spiral shaft 108, the shaft motor 109 is electrically connected to the first control assembly 106, and the excavation landslide 115 is located below the end of the spiral shaft 108, and then the first control assembly 106 controls the shaft 108 to rotate at a preset speed, and the soil cut off by the cutter head 102 and temporarily stored in the partition bin is brought out, that is, the soil is transported axially along the cylinder 107 to the end of the spiral shaft 108 through the spiral shaft 108 and falls on the excavation landslide 115. Preferably, a vibrator 116 is also provided at the bottom of the excavated landslide 115, and the vibrator 116 is used to prevent soil from accumulating on the excavated landslide 115 to speed up the excavation efficiency. More preferably, the vibrator 116 is also connected to the first control component 106 by electrical signals, thereby realizing intelligent control of the vibration of the excavated landslide 115.

[0045] Furthermore, the cylinder 107, the excavated landslide 115 and the rotating shaft motor 109 are respectively connected to the corresponding first telescopic support 110, the second telescopic support 117 and the third telescopic support 118. The first telescopic support 110 is used to adjust the inclination of the cylinder 107, thereby adjusting the inclination of the spiral rotating shaft 108 inside the cylinder 107. The second telescopic support 117 is used to adjust the inclination of the excavated landslide 115. The third telescopic support 118 is used to adjust the height of the rotating shaft motor 109. Through the height adjustment of the first telescopic support 110 and the second telescopic support 117, the transmission rate of the soil in the soil transport component can be controlled in coordination with the rotating shaft motor 109, that is, better control of the excavation efficiency of the experimental device can be achieved. Preferably, the first telescopic support 110, the second telescopic support 117 and the third telescopic support 118 are also connected to the first control component 106 with electrical signals, thereby realizing intelligent control of the inclination of the cylinder 107, the excavated landslide 115 and the height of the rotating shaft motor 109. Preferably, the shaft motor 109 can be a servo motor.

[0046] Furthermore, if Figure 5As shown, the support system 3 includes a shield track 301, a plurality of support seats 302 and a soil storage bin 303; each support seat 302 is arranged below the shield track 301, and each soil storage bin 303 is arranged between two adjacent support seats 302, one of the soil storage bins 303 is located below the bottom of the excavated landslide 115, and the shield track 301 is used to support the shield system 1, that is, in actual application, the shield shell 101 is placed on the shield track 301. The soil transported from the excavated landslide 115 then falls directly into the corresponding soil storage bin 303. Preferably, a pulley is provided under each soil storage bin 303 to facilitate the movement of the soil storage bin 303. That is, after the soil storage bin 303 under the excavated landslide 115 is full, it can be drawn out in time and replaced with an empty soil storage bin 303, making it easier for the soil storage bin 303 to enter and exit the bottom space of the support; more preferably, the soil storage bin 303 adopts a drawer-type design, thereby increasing the space for loading soil in the soil storage bin 303.

[0047] Furthermore, the shield track 301 is welded by a plurality of concave partitions and two side plates, the plurality of concave partitions are arranged at intervals, and the lower support seat 302 is three I-beam support members.

[0048] Furthermore, the first control component 106 and the second control component 203 are also connected to the external integrated system via electrical signals, thereby centrally controlling the operation of the experimental device through the external integrated system and timely acquiring corresponding parameters of the experimental device during the excavation process.

[0049] In addition, in order to better illustrate the corresponding structure in this embodiment, the specific operations in actual use are as follows:

[0050] (1) When starting the test, the preparation work is first carried out. The speed of the cutter motor 105 and the speed of the shaft motor 109 are set in the first control component 106, and the heights of the three retractable supports 110, 117, and 118 are adjusted to adjust the inclination of the spiral excavator and the excavation landslide 115. Finally, the thrust of the pushing component 204 is set through the second control component 203.

[0051] (2) After the preparation work is completed, the whole set of equipment is started through the first control component 106 and the second control component 203. The cutter head motor 105 starts to drive the cutter head 102 to rotate. At the same time, the push component 204 extends and starts to push. The shield system 1 starts to move forward. The soil cut by the cutter head 102 is temporarily stored in the partition bin. As the spiral shaft 108 rotates, the soil is transported axially along the cylinder 107 to the end of the spiral shaft 108 and falls on the excavated landslide 115. At the same time, the excavated landslide vibrator 116 vibrates to prevent the soil from accumulating on the landslide.

[0052] (3) The soil slides down through the excavation landslide 115 into the soil storage bin 303 and is temporarily stored in the soil storage bin 303. When the cutting process is completed, the soil storage bin 303 is pulled out from the bottom of the support system 3, and the soil in the soil storage bin 303 can be reused.

[0053] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation experimental device for an earth pressure balance shield machine, characterized in that: The device comprises a shield system (1), a thrust system (2) and a support system (3) arranged below the shield system (1); The shield system (1) comprises a shield shell (101) and a partition (103) arranged inside the shield shell (101), a cutter disc (102), a cutter disc motor (105), a first control component (106) and a soil transport component. The partition (103) is located inside the front end of the shield shell (101). The partition (103) is provided with a first through hole for the cutter disc motor (105) to pass through and a second through hole for the soil transport component to pass through. The cutter disc (102) is connected to the cutter disc motor (105) via a coupling (113). A partition bin for temporarily storing soil is formed between the cutter disc (102) and the partition (103); A plurality of soil pressure sensors (112) are arranged on one side of the partition (103) close to the partition bin, and a torque sensor (114) is installed on the coupling (113), wherein the torque sensor (114) is used to record in real time the torque of the cutter head motor (105) during the cutting process of the cutter head (102); The pushing system (2) comprises a reaction wall (201), a laser rangefinder (202) and a plurality of pushing components (204) arranged on the reaction wall (201), wherein the laser rangefinder (202) is used to record in real time the pushing distance of the plurality of pushing components (204) on the rear end of the shield system (1); The first control component (106) is connected to the cutter head motor (105) and the soil transport component via electrical signals.

2. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil transport assembly comprises a spiral excavator and an excavation landslide (115), wherein the front end of the spiral excavator passes through the second through hole and is connected to the partition bin.

3. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The spiral excavator comprises a cylinder (107), a spiral rotating shaft (108) arranged in the cylinder (107), and a rotating shaft motor (109) for controlling the spiral rotating shaft (108); The shaft motor (109) is also connected to the first control component (106) via an electrical signal. The excavated landslide (115) is located below the end of the spiral shaft (108). The spiral shaft (108) is used to bring the soil in the partition bin out and onto the excavated landslide (115).

4. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cylinder (107), the excavated landslide (115) and the rotating shaft motor (109) are respectively connected to the corresponding first telescopic support (110), the second telescopic support (117) and the third telescopic support (118); the first telescopic support (110), the second telescopic support (117) and the third telescopic support (118) are respectively connected to the first control component (106) via electrical signals.

5. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A vibrator (116) is also provided at the bottom of the excavated landslide (115), and the vibrator (116) is also connected to the first control component (106) via an electrical signal.

6. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support system (3) comprises a shield track (301), a plurality of support seats (302) and a soil storage bin (303); Each support seat (302) is arranged below the shield track (301), and each soil storage bin (303) is arranged between two adjacent support seats (302), wherein one soil storage bin (303) is located below the bottom of the excavated landslide (115).

7. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A pulley is provided below each soil storage bin (303).

8. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The pushing system (2) is also provided with a second control component (203), and the second control component (203) is connected to the plurality of pushing components (204) via electrical signals.

9. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A reflective lens (111) is also provided at the rear end of the shield shell (101), and the reflective lens (111) is used to reflect light emitted by the laser rangefinder (202), so that the laser rangefinder (202) can measure the pushing distance according to the emitted light and the reflected light.

10. The earth pressure balance shield machine simulation experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cutter disc motor support (104) is also fixedly connected to a side of the partition (103) away from the partition bin, the coupling (113) and the torque sensor (114) are both arranged inside the cutter disc motor support (104), and the cutter disc motor (105) is fixed on the cutter disc motor support (104).

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