Rigidity-variable buffering and energy-absorbing device suitable for irregular top plate of coal mine tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety, and discloses a variable stiffness buffer energy-absorbing device suitable for an irregular roof of a coal mine tunnel, which solves the problem of low stability, and comprises a support frame, a hydraulic rod is fixed at the top of the support frame, a roof is fixed at the top of the hydraulic rod, and a plurality of buffer energy absorbers are slidably connected to the top of the roof. Clamping plates are arranged at the front end and the rear end of each buffering energy absorber, a locking rail is further fixed to the bottom of each buffering energy absorber through a connecting block, a plurality of buffering bottom pipes are fixed to the top of each buffering energy absorber, a buffering spring is arranged outside each buffering bottom pipe, and two energy absorbing blocks are arranged inside each buffering bottom pipe; the attaching rods can be tightly attached to the shed frame through cooperation of the attaching rods and the attaching springs, meanwhile, the attaching plates can be reversed through cooperation of the universal balls and the universal pipes, and therefore it is further guaranteed that the attaching rods are tightly attached to the shed frame of the coal mine tunnel, and the supporting effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety, and in particular relates to a variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for an irregular roof of a coal mine tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The safety and stability of coal mine tunnels are crucial to the efficiency of coal mine production and the safety of personnel. In the process of coal mining, the support of the tunnel roof is a key link, especially for irregular roofs, which face many complex challenges.

[0003] At present, common coal mine tunnel roof support methods have certain limitations. Traditional support methods mostly install scaffolding in the tunnel for preliminary support, and further support the scaffolding. However, most of the existing support structures are rigid support structures. Although such support structures can provide a certain supporting force, due to their fixed rigidity, they are difficult to adapt to the different stress conditions in various parts of the irregular roof. When the pressure distribution of the roof is uneven, the rigid support is prone to local stress concentration, resulting in failure of the support structure and causing safety accidents such as roof collapse; at the same time, most of the existing support devices with buffering and energy absorption simply use springs for buffering and energy absorption. However, due to the poor buffering effect of the spring, the reaction time of the hydraulic rod is short, which makes the buffering and energy absorption effect poor, thereby reducing the service life of the hydraulic rod. For this reason, the present invention proposes a variable stiffness buffering and energy absorption device suitable for irregular roofs of coal mine tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roofs of coal mine tunnels, which effectively solves the problems raised in the above background.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a variable stiffness buffer energy absorbing device suitable for irregular roofs of coal mine tunnels, comprising a support frame, a plurality of moving wheels are arranged inside the support frame, a hydraulic rod is fixed on the top of the support frame, a roof is fixed on the top of the hydraulic rod, a plurality of buffer energy absorbers are slidably connected to the top of the roof, a clamping rod is fixed on both the front and rear ends of each buffer energy absorber, a slider is fixed on the outer end of each clamping rod, a clamping plate is fixed on the bottom of each slider, a locking rail is also fixed on the bottom of each buffer energy absorber through a connecting block, and each locking rail is rotatably connected to a Several locking blocks, each of which is provided with a baffle on the outside of the locking block and fixedly connected to the locking rail, several buffer bottom tubes are fixed on the top of each buffer energy absorber, each buffer bottom tube is provided with a buffer spring on the outside, each buffer bottom tube is slidably connected with an energy absorbing tube inside, each energy absorbing tube is slidably connected with a connecting tube inside, a connecting plate is fixed on the top of each connecting tube, each connecting plate is provided with a fitting plate, and each fitting plate is provided with several fitting rods on the top, each buffer bottom tube is provided with two energy absorbing blocks, each energy absorbing positioning plate is clamped with an energy absorbing locking block at the bottom, and a protective plate is fixed on the outside of each energy absorbing locking block.

[0006] Preferably, a controller is fixed on the top of the support frame, a power supply is fixed on the left end of the controller, a hydraulic rod stabilizing block is also fixed on the top of the support frame, the hydraulic rod stabilizing block is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the hydraulic rod, a mobile camera is fixed on the left end of the support frame, a positioning plate is also fixed on the top of the support frame, a plurality of stabilizing rods are fixed on the bottom of the positioning plate, a plurality of telescopic ends of the stabilizing rods are slidably connected to the support frame, a movable plate is fixed on the bottom of a plurality of the stabilizing rods, and a reversing rod is also fixed on the bottom of the left and right ends of the positioning plate.

[0007] Preferably, a reversing wheel is provided at the bottom of each reversing rod, and the outer end of each reversing wheel is rotatably connected to a reversing motor, a plurality of moving wheel positioning rods are slidably connected inside the moving plate, a moving wheel positioning plate is fixed at the bottom of each moving wheel positioning rod, and each moving wheel positioning plate is rotatably connected to the moving wheel inside it, and the two moving wheels at the leftmost end are fixedly connected by a moving rod, and a moving motor is rotatably connected to the front end of the moving rod, and the moving motor is fixedly connected to the moving wheel positioning plate, and a stabilizing spring is provided on the outside of each moving wheel positioning rod.

[0008] Preferably, a buffer controller is fixed to the left end of each buffer energy absorber, a battery is fixed to the rear end of each buffer controller, a universal main knot is fixed to the left end of each buffer energy absorber, a universal auxiliary knot is fixed to the right end of each buffer energy absorber, and each universal auxiliary knot is rotationally connected to the second universal main knot at its right end through a universal block.

[0009] Preferably, each of the buffer energy absorbers is also provided with a plurality of buffer springs on the top, the bottom end of each buffer spring is fixedly connected to the buffer bottom tube inside it, the upper end of each buffer bottom tube is fixed with a disc spring, the top of each energy absorption tube is fixed with an energy absorption plate, and the bottom of each energy absorption tube is fixed with an energy absorption ring.

[0010] Preferably, each disc spring is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing plate on its top, each buffer spring is fixedly connected to the connecting plate on its top, a universal tube is fixedly provided on the top of each connecting plate, a universal ball is hingedly provided inside each universal tube, a universal rod is fixedly provided on the top of each universal ball, each universal rod is fixedly connected to the fitting plate on its top, and a fitting spring is provided on the outside of each fitting rod.

[0011] Preferably, each of the buffer bottom tubes is provided with a buffer support rod fixedly connected to the buffer energy absorber, an energy absorbing rod is fixed on the top of each buffer support rod, two energy absorbing positioning plates are fixed on the outside of each energy absorbing rod, an energy absorbing shaft is fixed on the outer end of each energy absorbing positioning plate, each energy absorbing shaft is slidably connected to the energy absorbing block outside it, and an energy absorbing spring is also provided on the outside of each energy absorbing block, one end of each energy absorbing spring is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing positioning plate inside it, and the other end is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing block outside it.

[0012] Preferably, each of the buffer support rods is fixed with an energy-absorbing lock block positioning plate at both ends, each of the energy-absorbing lock block positioning plates is rotatably connected to the energy-absorbing lock block inside it via a rotating shaft, a group of reset springs is fixed to the bottom of each energy-absorbing block, a reset plate is fixed to the bottom of each group of reset springs, and each reset plate fits tightly with the protective plate on its top.

[0013] Preferably, each of the locking rails is slidably connected to the clamping plate outside it, and a group of unlocking disk positioning plates are fixed at the front and rear ends of each of the locking rails, an unlocking roll is wound inside each group of unlocking disk positioning plates, an unlocking spring is fixed to the right end of the internal rotating shaft of each unlocking roll, and the other end of each unlocking spring is fixedly connected to the unlocking disk positioning plate, an unlocking plate is fixed to the inside of each unlocking roll, an unlocking rod is fixed to the inside of each unlocking plate, and the inner side of each unlocking rod is fixedly connected to the connecting block.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of groups of locking springs are fixed inside each locking rail, each group of locking springs is fixedly connected to the locking block at its top, a locking cavity is provided at the bottom of each sliding block, and each locking cavity can fit tightly with the locking block at its bottom.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention can drive the slider to move by extending the clamping rod, thereby driving the clamping plate to move, so as to adapt to top plates of different widths, thereby improving the application range of the device. At the same time, the present device can ensure the stability of two adjacent buffer energy absorbers and the reversibility between the two adjacent buffer energy absorbers through the coordination of the universal main knot, the universal auxiliary knot and the universal block, so as to facilitate the replacement of the buffer energy absorber, thereby improving the installation efficiency of the entire device;

[0017] (2) The present invention uses a locking rail to position the lock block. At the same time, the locking spring of the device is elastic, so that the lock block is in close contact with the baffle when no force is applied, thereby clamping the slider, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the buffer energy absorber, and at the same time, the baffle can prevent the lock block from rotating excessively, thereby ensuring the locking effect of the slider. At the same time, the device can facilitate the reversal of the lock block by moving the unlocking plate, thereby facilitating the movement of the slider;

[0018] (3) The buffer spring of the present invention is elastic, so it can drive the connecting plate away from the connecting plate when it is not under force. The disc spring is elastic, so that the energy absorbing plate is away from the buffer bottom tube when it is not under force, thereby achieving the purpose of buffering energy absorption, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydraulic rod. The energy absorbing plate of the device facilitates the connecting plate to apply force to the energy absorbing tube, thereby ensuring the buffering energy absorption effect. The connecting plate and the buffer spring can provide the hydraulic rod with reaction time when the scaffold is subjected to a large impact, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydraulic rod and increasing the service life of the hydraulic rod;

[0019] (4) The present invention can make the fitting rod close to the scaffolding through the cooperation of the fitting rod and the fitting spring, and at the same time, the fitting plate can be switched through the cooperation of the universal ball and the universal tube, thereby further ensuring that the fitting rod is in close contact with the scaffolding of the coal mine tunnel, thereby ensuring the supporting effect, so that the entire device can be adapted to tunnels of different shapes and sizes to form scaffolding, thereby further improving the scope of use of the entire device;

[0020] (5) The energy-absorbing lock block and the energy-absorbing block of the present invention cooperate with the positioning protective plate, thereby reducing the descending speed of the energy-absorbing ring, thereby further providing time for the hydraulic rod to react, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydraulic rod. At the same time, the energy-absorbing spring of the device is elastic, so that the energy-absorbing block can clamp the energy-absorbing lock block, so that when the force applied to the protective plate reaches the limit, the energy-absorbing lock block is separated from the energy-absorbing block, thereby further providing reaction time for the hydraulic rod, thereby further ensuring the stability of the hydraulic rod. At the same time, the reset plate of the device can lift the protective plate flat when the energy-absorbing positioning plate is away from the buffer support rod, thereby ensuring the reset effect of the energy-absorbing lock block, thereby providing convenience for the next buffering, thereby ensuring the support effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0022] In the attached picture:

[0023] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is the overall bottom schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the upper end of the hydraulic rod of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the universal block of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end of the buffer energy absorber of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the buffer energy absorber of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer bottom rod of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper end of the universal tube of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the universal tube of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connecting pipe of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the lower end of the energy absorbing plate of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a buffer bottom pipe of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the top of the buffer support rod of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the inner side of the energy absorbing block of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.16 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the buffer energy absorber of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocking roll of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.18 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking rail of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.19 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking block of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1-support frame; 2-positioning plate; 3-buffer energy absorber; 4-clamping plate; 5-buffer bottom tube; 6-universal tube; 7-fitting plate; 8-locking rail; 9-buffer support rod; 101-controller; 102-power supply; 103-hydraulic rod; 104-hydraulic rod stabilizing block; 105-top plate; 106-moving camera; 201-stabilizing rod; 202-reversing rod; 203-reversing wheel; 204-reversing motor; 205-moving plate; 206-moving wheel; 207-moving wheel positioning plate; 208-moving motor; 209-moving rod; 210-stabilizing spring; 211-moving wheel positioning rod; 301-buffer controller; 302-battery; 303-universal main knot; 304-universal secondary knot; 305-universal block; 401-slider; 402- Clamping rod; 403-connecting block; 404-locking chamber; 501-buffer spring; 502-connecting tube; 503-connecting plate; 504-energy absorbing plate; 505-disc spring; 506-energy absorbing tube; 507-energy absorbing ring; 601-universal rod; 602-universal ball; 701-fitting rod; 702-fitting spring; 801-unlocking roll; 802-unlocking disk positioning plate; 803- Unlocking spring; 804-locking block; 805-unlocking plate; 806-unlocking rod; 807-locking spring; 808-baffle; 901-energy absorbing rod; 902-energy absorbing positioning plate; 903-energy absorbing block; 904-energy absorbing shaft; 905-protective plate; 906-energy absorbing lock block positioning plate; 907-reset plate; 908-reset spring; 909-energy absorbing spring; 910-energy absorbing lock block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1, by Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6-Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Figure 11-Figure 14 , Fig.16The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for the irregular roof of a coal mine tunnel of the present invention comprises a support frame 1, the support frame 1 is made of alloy material, the support frame 1 is used to support the entire device, a plurality of moving wheels 206 are arranged inside the support frame 1, the moving wheels 206 can drive the entire device to move by rotating, a hydraulic rod 103 is fixed on the top of the support frame 1, the hydraulic rod 103 is retractable, so as to drive the roof 105 to move up and down, a roof 105 is fixed on the top of the hydraulic rod 103, the roof 105 is made of alloy material, the roof 105 is used to support the buffer energy absorber 3, a plurality of buffer energy absorbers 3 are slidably connected to the top of the roof 105, the buffer energy absorber 3 is made of alloy material The buffer energy absorber 3 is used to position the buffer bottom tube 5. A clamping rod 402 is fixed at both ends of each buffer energy absorber 3. The clamping rod 402 is retractable, so that the slider 401 can be driven to move, thereby driving the clamping plate 4 to move, so as to adapt to the top plates 105 of different widths, thereby improving the application range of the device. A slider 401 is fixed to the outer end of each clamping rod 402. The slider 401 is made of alloy material. The slider 401 is used to position the clamping plate 4. A clamping plate 4 is fixed to the bottom of each slider 401. The clamping plate 4 is made of alloy material. The clamping plate 4 is used to position the buffer energy absorber 3. The bottom of each buffer energy absorber 3 is also fixed with a locking member through a connecting block 403. Rail 8, the locking rail 8 is made of alloy material, the locking rail 8 is used to position the locking block 804, each of the locking rails 8 is connected to a plurality of locking blocks 804 by a rotating shaft, the locking block 804 adopts an oblique structure, the locking block 804 is made of alloy material, the locking block 804 is used to position the slider 401, each of the locking blocks 804 is provided with a baffle 808 on the outside fixedly connected to the locking rail 8, the baffle 808 is made of alloy material, the baffle 808 can prevent the locking block 804 from rotating excessively, thereby ensuring the locking effect of the slider 401, each of the buffer energy absorbers 3 is fixed with a plurality of buffer bottom tubes 5 on the top, the buffer bottom tube 5 is made of alloy material, the buffer bottom tube 5 is used to position the Energy absorbing tube 506, each of the buffer bottom tubes 5 is provided with a buffer spring 501 on the outside, the buffer spring 501 is elastic, so that the connecting plate 503 can be driven away from the connecting plate 503 when no force is applied, each of the buffer bottom tubes 5 is slidably connected with an energy absorbing tube 506 inside, the energy absorbing tube 506 is made of alloy material, and the energy absorbing tube 506 is used to position the energy absorbing plate 504, each of the energy absorbing tubes 506 is slidably connected with a connecting tube 502 inside, the connecting tube 502 is made of alloy material, and the connecting tube 502 is used to position the connecting plate 503, a connecting plate 503 is fixed on the top of each connecting tube 502, the connecting plate 503 is made of alloy material, and the connecting plate 503 is used to position the universal tube 6,Each of the connecting plates 503 is provided with a fitting plate 7, which is made of alloy material and is used to position the fitting rod 701. A plurality of fitting rods 701 are provided on the top of each of the fitting plates 7, and the fitting rods 701 are made of alloy material. Two energy absorbing blocks 903 are provided inside each of the buffer bottom tubes 5, and the energy absorbing blocks 903 are made of alloy material and are used to lock the energy absorbing lock blocks 910. An energy absorbing lock block 910 is clamped at the bottom of each of the energy absorbing positioning plates 902. The locking block 910 is made of alloy material, and the energy absorbing locking block 910 adopts a semicircular structure. The energy absorbing locking block 910 cooperates with the energy absorbing block 903 to position the protective plate 905, thereby further reducing the descending speed of the energy absorbing ring 507, thereby further providing time for the hydraulic rod 103 to react, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydraulic rod 103. A protective plate 905 is fixed on the outside of each energy absorbing locking block 910, and the protective plate 905 is made of alloy material and is used to support the energy absorbing ring 507.

[0045] Embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1, Figure 3It is given that a controller 101 is fixed on the top of the support frame 1, and the controller 101 is used to control the entire device. A power supply 102 is fixed on the left end of the controller 101, and the power supply 102 provides the required energy for the entire device. A hydraulic rod stabilizer block 104 is also fixed on the top of the support frame 1, and the hydraulic rod stabilizer block 104 is made of alloy material. The hydraulic rod stabilizer block 104 is used to position the hydraulic rod 103, so as to ensure the stability of the hydraulic rod 103. The hydraulic rod stabilizer block 104 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the hydraulic rod 103. A mobile camera 106 is fixed on the left end of the support frame 1, and the mobile camera 106 is used to monitor the movement of the entire device. A positioning plate 2 is also fixed on the top of the support frame 1, and the positioning plate 2 is made of alloy material. The positioning plate 2 is used to position the stabilizing rod 201. A plurality of stabilizing rods 201 are fixed at the bottom of the positioning plate 2. The stabilizing rods 201 are retractable, thereby driving the top plate 105 to move up and down. The retractable ends of the plurality of stabilizing rods 201 are slidably connected to the support frame 1. A plurality of moving plates 205 are fixed at the bottom of the stabilizing rods 201. The moving plates 205 are made of alloy material. The moving plates 205 are used to position the moving wheel positioning rod 211. A reversing rod 202 is also fixed at the bottom of the left and right ends of the positioning plate 2. The reversing rod 202 is retractable, thereby driving the The reversing wheel 203 moves up and down, so that the reversing wheel 203 can be close to the ground, so as to facilitate reversing. A reversing wheel 203 is provided at the bottom of each reversing rod 202, and the reversing wheel 203 can drive the entire device to reversing by rotating. The outer end of each reversing wheel 203 is rotatably connected to a reversing motor 204, and the reversing motor 204 can drive the reversing wheel 203 to rotate. A plurality of moving wheel positioning rods 211 are slidably connected inside the moving plate 205, and the moving wheel positioning rods 211 are used to position the moving wheel positioning plate 207. A moving wheel positioning plate 207 is fixed at the bottom of each moving wheel positioning rod 211, and the moving wheel positioning plate 207 is used to position the moving wheel 206 Each of the moving wheel positioning plates 207 is rotatably connected to the moving wheel 206 inside it, and the two moving wheels 206 at the leftmost end are fixedly connected by a moving rod 209, and the moving rod 209 is made of alloy material. The moving rod 209 is used to connect the two moving wheels 206 at the leftmost end. The front end of the moving rod 209 is rotatably connected to a moving motor 208, and the moving motor 208 is used to position the leftmost moving wheel 206 for rotation. The moving motor 208 is fixedly connected to the moving wheel positioning plate 207, and each of the moving wheel positioning rods 211 is provided with a stabilizing spring 210 on the outside, and the stabilizing spring 210 is elastic, so as to ensure the balance of the entire device when moving;

[0046] When using this device, the controller 101 controls the mobile camera 106 to work, so as to monitor the position of the entire device. At this time, the controller 101 controls the stabilizing bar 201 to extend, thereby driving the moving wheel 206 to descend, thereby supporting the entire device to leave the ground. At this time, the controller 101 controls the moving motor 208 to work, thereby driving the leftmost moving wheel 206 to rotate, thereby driving the entire device to move. At the same time, the controller 101 controls the reversing rod 202 to extend to make the reversing wheel 203 close to the ground. Further, the controller 101 controls the reversing motor 204 to make the reversing wheel 203 rotate, thereby reversing the entire device.

[0047] Embodiment 3, based on embodiment 1, Figure 5 , Figure 17-Figure 19It is given that a buffer controller 301 is fixed to the left end of each buffer energy absorber 3, and the buffer controller 301 is connected to the controller 101 through a wireless signal. The buffer controller 301 is used to control the top mechanism of the buffer energy absorber 3. A battery 302 is fixed to the rear end of each buffer controller 301, and the battery 302 provides the required power for the top mechanism of the buffer energy absorber 3. A universal main knot 303 is fixed to the left end of each buffer energy absorber 3, and a universal auxiliary knot 304 is fixed to the right end of each buffer energy absorber 3. Each universal auxiliary knot 304 is rotatably connected to the second universal main knot 303 at its right end through a universal block 305. The universal main knot 303, the universal The cooperation between the auxiliary node 304 and the universal block 305 can make the two adjacent buffer energy absorbers 3 reversible while ensuring the stability between the two adjacent buffer energy absorbers 3. Each locking rail 8 is slidably connected to the clamping plate 4 outside it. A group of unlocking disk positioning plates 802 are fixed at both ends of each locking rail 8. The unlocking disk positioning plates 802 are made of alloy material. The unlocking disk positioning plates 802 are used to position the unlocking coils 801. Each group of unlocking disk positioning plates 802 is wound with an unlocking coil 801. The unlocking coil 801 is made of steel coil. The unlocking coil 801 can move the locking block 804 away from the slider 401, so as to In order to facilitate the movement of the slider 401, an unlocking spring 803 is fixed to the right end of the internal shaft of each unlocking roll 801, and the unlocking spring 803 is elastic, so that the unlocking roll 801 is taut, so as to facilitate the storage of the unlocking roll 801, and the other end of each unlocking spring 803 is fixedly connected to the unlocking disk positioning plate 802, and an unlocking plate 805 is fixed to the inner side of each unlocking roll 801, and the height of the unlocking plate 805 is slightly lower than the lower surface of the slider 401, and the unlocking plate 805 is made of alloy material. The unlocking plate 805 can facilitate the reversal of the locking block 804 by moving, thereby ensuring the movement effect of the slider 401, and each unlocking plate 805 An unlocking rod 806 is fixed on the inside, and the unlocking rod 806 is retractable, so as to facilitate the movement of the unlocking plate 805. The inner side of each unlocking rod 806 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 403. A plurality of groups of locking springs 807 are fixed inside each locking rail 8. The locking springs 807 are elastic, so as to ensure that the locking block 804 is tightly attached to the baffle 808 when no force is applied, so as to clamp the slider 401, so as to ensure the stability of the slider 401. Each group of locking springs 807 is fixedly connected to the locking block 804 at its top. A locking cavity 404 is provided at the bottom of each slider 401, and each locking cavity 404 can be tightly attached to the locking block 804 at its bottom.

[0048] When the entire device moves to the desired position, the staff places several of the buffer energy absorbers 3 on the top of the top plate 105. At this time, the controller 101 controls the buffer controller 301 to work, thereby driving the unlocking rod 806 to retract, thereby driving the unlocking plate 805 to move, thereby making the unlocking roll 801 move, so that the locking block 804 is close to the bottom of the locking rail 8. At this time, the buffer controller 301 controls the clamping rod 402 to extend, thereby making the slider 401 move, so that the clamping plate 4 can be clamped with the outside of the top plate 105. At this time, the buffer controller The controller 301 controls the unlocking plate 805 to reset. At this time, due to the action of the locking spring 807, the locking block 804 rotates upward, so that the locking block 804 is clamped in the locking cavity 404. At the same time, the baffle 808 can prevent the locking block 804 from rotating excessively, thereby ensuring the stability of the slider 401, thereby ensuring that the clamping plate 4 is in close contact with the top plate 105, thereby ensuring the stability of the buffer energy absorber 3. At this time, the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to work, so that the top plate 105 is raised and lowered, so that the bonding plate 7 is in close contact with the scaffolding of the coal mine tunnel.

[0049] Embodiment 4, based on embodiment 1, Figure 8 , Fig.10 , Fig.15It is given that each of the buffer energy absorbers 3 is also provided with a plurality of buffer springs 501 on the top, and the buffer springs 501 are elastic, so that they can support the connecting plate 503, and the bottom end of each buffer spring 501 is fixedly connected to the buffer bottom tube 5 inside it, and a disc spring 505 is fixed on the upper end of each buffer bottom tube 5, and the disc spring 505 is elastic, so that the energy absorption plate 504 is away from the buffer bottom tube 5 when no force is applied, so as to achieve the purpose of buffering energy absorption, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydraulic rod 103, and an energy absorption plate 504 is fixed on the top of each energy absorption tube 506, and the energy absorption plate 504 is made of alloy material, and the energy absorption plate 504 facilitates the connecting plate 503 to apply force to the energy absorption tube 506, thereby ensuring the buffering absorption. Energy effect, an energy absorbing ring 507 is fixed at the bottom of each energy absorbing tube 506, and the energy absorbing ring 507 is made of alloy material. The energy absorbing ring 507 is used to apply the required force to the protective plate 905, and each disc spring 505 is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing plate 504 at its top, and each buffer spring 501 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 503 at its top, and a universal tube 6 is fixed on the top of each connecting plate 503, and the universal tube 6 is made of alloy material. The universal tube 6 is used to position the universal ball 602, and each universal tube 6 is hinged with a universal ball 602 inside. The cooperation of the universal ball 602 and the universal tube 6 can make the bonding plate 7 reversible, thereby further ensuring that the bonding rod 701 is fixed to the shed of the coal mine roadway. The frame is tightly attached to ensure the supporting effect. A universal rod 601 is fixed on the top of each universal ball 602. The universal rod 601 is made of alloy material. The universal rod 601 is used to fix the fitting plate 7. Each universal rod 601 is fixedly connected to the fitting plate 7 on its top. A fitting spring 702 is provided on the outside of each fitting rod 701. The fitting spring 702 is elastic, so that the fitting rod 701 is tightly attached to the coal mine tunnel scaffolding, thereby ensuring the supporting effect. A buffer support rod 9 is provided inside each buffer bottom tube 5 and is fixedly connected to the buffer energy absorber 3. The buffer support rod 9 is made of alloy material. The buffer support rod 9 is used to support the energy absorbing rod 901. A An energy absorbing rod 901, the energy absorbing rod 901 is retractable, so as to drive the energy absorbing positioning plate 902 to move, two energy absorbing positioning plates 902 are fixed on the outside of each of the energy absorbing rods 901, the energy absorbing positioning plates 902 are made of alloy material, the energy absorbing positioning plates 902 are used to position the energy absorbing shaft 904, an energy absorbing shaft 904 is fixed on the outer end of each of the energy absorbing positioning plates 902, the energy absorbing shaft 904 is made of alloy material, the energy absorbing shaft 904 is used to position the energy absorbing block 903, each of the energy absorbing shafts 904 is slidably connected to the energy absorbing block 903 outside it, and each of the energy absorbing blocks 903 is also provided with an energy absorbing spring 909 on the outside, and one end of each of the energy absorbing springs 909 is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing positioning plate 902 on its inner side,The other end is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing block 903 on its outside, and the energy absorbing spring 909 is made of alloy steel material. The energy absorbing spring 909 is elastic, so that the energy absorbing block 903 can clamp the energy absorbing lock block 910, so that when the force applied to the protective plate 905 reaches the limit, the energy absorbing lock block 910 is separated from the energy absorbing block 903, thereby further providing reaction time for the hydraulic rod 103, thereby further ensuring the stability of the hydraulic rod 103, and each of the buffer support rods 9 is fixed with an energy absorbing lock block positioning plate 906 on both ends, and the energy absorbing lock block positioning plate 906 is made of alloy material, and the energy absorbing lock block positioning plate 906 is used to position the energy absorbing lock block 910, each of the energy absorbing lock blocks The positioning plate 906 is rotatably connected to the energy absorbing lock block 910 inside it through a rotating shaft. A group of reset springs 908 are fixed at the bottom of each energy absorbing block 903. The reset springs 908 are elastic, so that the reset plate 907 is in close contact with the protective plate 905. A reset plate 907 is fixed at the bottom of each group of reset springs 908. The reset plate 907 is made of alloy material. The reset plate 907 can lift the protective plate 905 when the energy absorbing positioning plate 902 is away from the buffer support rod 9, thereby ensuring the reset effect of the energy absorbing lock block 910, thereby facilitating the next buffering, thereby ensuring the support effect, and each reset plate 907 is in close contact with the protective plate 905 at its top;

[0050] When the top plate 105 rises to the desired position, the universal tube 6 and the universal ball 602 enable the laminating plate 7 to be reversible, and the laminating rod 701 and the laminating spring 702 enable the laminating rod 701 to be in close contact with the scaffolding. At this time, the energy absorbing block 903 and the energy absorbing lock block 910 enable the protective plate 905 to remain horizontal, so that the energy absorbing ring 507 is in close contact with the protective plate 905, so that the energy absorbing tube 506 remains stable. Further, the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to continue to rise, so that the top plate 105 continues to rise, so that the connecting plate 503 and the energy absorbing plate 504 are in close contact with each other. Tightly attached to ensure the supporting effect, when the coal mine tunnel collapses, the scaffolding inside the tunnel is deformed, and the buffer controller 301 transmits the impact signal to the controller 101. At this time, the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to contract. Since it takes a certain amount of time for the hydraulic rod 103 to contract from receiving the signal, the deformation of the scaffolding applies force to the fitting rod 701, so that the energy absorbing tube 506 drops. At this time, the buffer spring 501 can provide buffering for the energy absorbing tube 506. At this time, the energy absorbing tube 506 drops after being subjected to the force, so that the energy absorbing ring 507 drops, so that the protective plate 905 is subjected to a downward force. When When the force exerted on the energy absorbing spring 909 reaches the limit, the energy absorbing lock block 910 is separated from the energy absorbing block 903, so that the protective plate 905 rotates downward, so that the energy absorbing ring 507 is separated from the protective plate 905, thereby further providing a buffer time for the contraction of the hydraulic rod 103, so that the energy absorbing tube 506 continues to descend. At this time, due to the action of the buffer spring 501 and the disc spring 505, the energy absorbing tube 506 can be provided with a buffer time again, and the purpose of energy absorption is achieved at the same time, thereby further providing a reaction time for the hydraulic rod 103, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydraulic rod 103. After the buffering energy absorption is completed, after the staff has handled the tunnel collapse, the buffer control The controller 301 controls the energy absorbing rod 901 to extend, thereby driving the energy absorbing positioning plate 902 to move, thereby pushing the energy absorbing block 903 to move outward, thereby causing the reset plate 907 to move outward, thereby causing the protective plate 905 to rotate to a horizontal state while causing the energy absorbing block 903 to re-engage with the energy absorbing lock block 910. At this time, the buffer controller 301 controls the energy absorbing rod 901 to reset, thereby causing the energy absorbing spring 909 to be tightened, thereby causing the energy absorbing block 903 to re-engage with the energy absorbing lock block 910, thereby facilitating the next buffering energy absorption. Further, the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to reset the entire device, thereby ensuring the supporting effect.

[0051] The working process of the present invention is as follows: when using the device, the controller 101 controls the mobile camera 106 to work, so as to monitor the position of the entire device. At this time, the controller 101 controls the stabilizing bar 201 to extend, thereby driving the mobile wheel 206 to descend, thereby supporting the entire device to leave the ground. At this time, the controller 101 controls the mobile motor 208 to work, thereby driving the mobile wheel 206 at the far left to rotate, thereby driving the entire device to move. At the same time, the controller 101 controls the reversing rod 202 to extend to make the reversing wheel 203 close to the ground. Further, the controller 101 controls the reversing motor 204 to make the reversing wheel 203 rotate, thereby causing the entire device to reverse. When the entire device moves to the desired position, the staff places several of the buffer energy absorbers 3 on the top of the top plate 105. At this time, the controller 101 controls the buffer controller 301 to work, thereby driving the unlocking rod 806 to contract, thereby driving the unlocking plate 805 to move, thereby causing the unlocking roll 801 to move, so that the locking block 804 is close to the bottom of the locking rail 8. At this time, the buffer controller 301 controls the clamping rod 402 to extend, thereby causing the slider 401 to move, so that the clamping plate 4 can be clamped with the outside of the top plate 105. At this time, the buffer controller 301 controls the unlocking plate 805 to reset. At this time, due to the action of the locking spring 807, the locking block 804 moves to The locking block 804 is rotated upward, so that the locking block 804 is clamped in the locking cavity 404. At the same time, the baffle 808 can prevent the locking block 804 from rotating excessively, thereby ensuring the stability of the slider 401, thereby ensuring that the clamping plate 4 is in close contact with the top plate 105, thereby ensuring the stability of the buffer energy absorber 3. At this time, the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to work, so that the top plate 105 is raised and lowered, so that the bonding plate 7 is in close contact with the scaffolding of the coal mine tunnel. At this time, due to the action of the universal tube 6 and the universal ball 602, the bonding plate 7 can be reversible. At the same time, due to the action of the bonding rod 701 and the bonding spring 702, the bonding rod 701 is in close contact with the scaffolding. At this time, due to the energy absorbing block 9 03 and the energy absorbing lock block 910 can keep the protective plate 905 horizontal, so that the energy absorbing ring 507 is in close contact with the protective plate 905, so that the energy absorbing tube 506 remains stable, and further the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to continue to rise, so that the top plate 105 continues to rise, so that the connecting plate 503 is in close contact with the energy absorbing plate 504, so as to ensure the supporting effect. When the coal mine tunnel collapses, the scaffolding inside the tunnel is deformed. At this time, the buffer controller 301 transmits the impact signal to the controller 101. At this time, the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to contract. Since it takes a certain amount of time for the hydraulic rod 103 to contract from receiving the signal,At this time, due to the deformation of the scaffolding, force is applied to the fitting rod 701, thereby causing the energy absorbing tube 506 to descend. At this time, the buffer spring 501 can provide buffering for the energy absorbing tube 506. At this time, since the energy absorbing tube 506 descends after being subjected to the force, the energy absorbing ring 507 descends, thereby causing the protective plate 905 to be subjected to a downward force. When the force exerted on the energy absorbing spring 909 reaches the limit, the energy absorbing lock block 910 is separated from the energy absorbing block 903, thereby causing the protective plate 905 to rotate downward, thereby causing the energy absorbing ring 507 to be separated from the protective plate 905, thereby further providing buffering time for the contraction of the hydraulic rod 103, thereby causing the energy absorbing tube 506 to continue to descend. At this time, due to the action of the buffer spring 501 and the disc spring 505, buffering time can be provided for the energy absorbing tube 506 again, and the purpose of energy absorption is achieved at the same time, thereby further reducing the pressure on the hydraulic rod 103. The first step provides reaction time for the hydraulic rod 103, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydraulic rod 103. After the buffering energy absorption is completed and the staff has handled the tunnel collapse, the buffer controller 301 controls the energy absorption rod 901 to extend, thereby driving the energy absorption positioning plate 902 to move, thereby pushing the energy absorption block 903 to move outward, thereby causing the reset plate 907 to move outward, thereby causing the protective plate 905 to rotate to the horizontal while causing the energy absorption block 903 to re-engage with the energy absorption lock block 910. At this time, the buffer controller 301 controls the energy absorption rod 901 to reset, thereby causing the energy absorption spring 909 to tighten, thereby causing the energy absorption block 903 to re-engage with the energy absorption lock block 910, thereby providing convenience for the next buffering energy absorption. Further, the controller 101 controls the hydraulic rod 103 to reset the entire device, thereby ensuring the support effect.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roofs of coal mine tunnels, characterized by: The invention comprises a support frame (1), wherein a plurality of moving wheels (206) are arranged inside the support frame (1), a hydraulic rod (103) is fixed on the top of the support frame (1), a top plate (105) is fixed on the top of the hydraulic rod (103), a plurality of buffer energy absorbers (3) are slidably connected to the top of the top plate (105), a clamping rod (402) is fixed on the front and rear ends of each buffer energy absorber (3), a slider (401) is fixed on the outer end of each clamping rod (402), a clamping plate (4) is fixed on the bottom of each slider (401), a locking rail (8) is also fixed on the bottom of each buffer energy absorber (3) through a connecting block (403), a plurality of locking blocks (804) are rotatably connected to the inside of each locking rail (8) through a rotating shaft, and a baffle (808) is arranged on the outer side of each locking block (804) to engage with the The locking rail (8) is fixedly connected, a plurality of buffer bottom tubes (5) are fixed on the top of each buffer energy absorber (3), a buffer spring (501) is arranged outside each buffer bottom tube (5), an energy absorbing tube (506) is slidably connected inside each buffer bottom tube (5), a connecting tube (502) is slidably connected inside each energy absorbing tube (506), a connecting plate (503) is fixed on the top of each connecting tube (502), each connecting plate (503) is provided with a fitting plate (7), a plurality of fitting rods (701) are arranged on the top of each fitting plate (7), two energy absorbing blocks (903) are arranged inside each buffer bottom tube (5), an energy absorbing locking block (910) is clamped at the bottom of each energy absorbing positioning plate (902), and a protective plate (905) is fixed on the outside of each energy absorbing locking block (910).

2. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A controller (101) is fixed on the top of the support frame (1), a power supply (102) is fixed on the left end of the controller (101), a hydraulic rod stabilizing block (104) is also fixed on the top of the support frame (1), the hydraulic rod stabilizing block (104) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the hydraulic rod (103), a mobile camera (106) is fixed on the left end of the support frame (1), a positioning plate (2) is also fixed on the top of the support frame (1), a plurality of stabilizing rods (201) are fixed on the bottom of the positioning plate (2), a plurality of telescopic ends of the stabilizing rods (201) are slidably connected to the support frame (1), a plurality of mobile plates (205) are fixed on the bottom of the stabilizing rods (201), and a reversing rod (202) is also fixed on the bottom of the left and right ends of the positioning plate (2).

3. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A reversing wheel (203) is provided at the bottom of each reversing rod (202), and a reversing motor (204) is rotatably connected to the outer end of each reversing wheel (203). A plurality of moving wheel positioning rods (211) are slidably connected inside the moving plate (205), and a moving wheel positioning plate (207) is fixed at the bottom of each moving wheel positioning rod (211). Each moving wheel positioning plate (207) is rotatably connected to the moving wheel (206) inside it, and the two moving wheels (206) at the leftmost end are fixedly connected via a moving rod (209), and a moving motor (208) is rotatably connected to the front end of the moving rod (209), and the moving motor (208) is fixedly connected to the moving wheel positioning plate (207), and a stabilizing spring (210) is provided outside each moving wheel positioning rod (211).

4. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A buffer controller (301) is fixed to the left end of each buffer energy absorber (3), a battery (302) is fixed to the rear end of each buffer controller (301), a universal main knot (303) is fixed to the left end of each buffer energy absorber (3), a universal secondary knot (304) is fixed to the right end of each buffer energy absorber (3), and each universal secondary knot (304) is rotatably connected to the second universal main knot (303) at its right end via a universal block (305).

5. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A plurality of buffer springs (501) are also provided on the top of each buffer energy absorber (3); the bottom end of each buffer spring (501) is fixedly connected to the buffer bottom tube (5) inside the buffer spring; the upper end of each buffer bottom tube (5) is fixed with a disc spring (505); the top of each energy absorption tube (506) is fixed with an energy absorption plate (504); and the bottom of each energy absorption tube (506) is fixed with an energy absorption ring (507).

6. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Each disc spring (505) is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing plate (504) at its top, each buffer spring (501) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (503) at its top, a universal tube (6) is fixedly provided on the top of each connecting plate (503), a universal ball (602) is hingedly provided inside each universal tube (6), a universal rod (601) is fixedly provided on the top of each universal ball (602), each universal rod (601) is fixedly connected to the fitting plate (7) at its top, and a fitting spring (702) is provided on the outside of each fitting rod (701).

7. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Each buffer bottom tube (5) is provided with a buffer support rod (9) fixedly connected to the buffer energy absorber (3); an energy absorbing rod (901) is fixed on the top of each buffer support rod (9); two energy absorbing positioning plates (902) are fixed on the outside of each energy absorbing rod (901); an energy absorbing shaft (904) is fixed on the outer end of each energy absorbing positioning plate (902); each energy absorbing shaft (904) is slidably connected to the energy absorbing block (903) outside thereof; an energy absorbing spring (909) is also provided on the outside of each energy absorbing block (903); one end of each energy absorbing spring (909) is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing positioning plate (902) inside thereof, and the other end is fixedly connected to the energy absorbing block (903) outside thereof.

8. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Each of the buffer support rods (9) is fixed with an energy-absorbing lock block positioning plate (906) at both ends, and each of the energy-absorbing lock block positioning plates (906) is rotatably connected to the energy-absorbing lock block (910) inside it via a rotating shaft. A group of reset springs (908) is fixed at the bottom of each energy-absorbing block (903), and a reset plate (907) is fixed at the bottom of each group of reset springs (908). Each reset plate (907) is tightly fitted with the protective plate (905) at its top.

9. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device suitable for irregular roof of coal mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the locking rails (8) is slidably connected to the clamping plate (4) outside it, and a group of unlocking disk positioning plates (802) are fixed at both the front and rear ends of each of the locking rails (8), and an unlocking roll (801) is wound inside each group of unlocking disk positioning plates (802), and an unlocking spring (803) is fixed to the right end of the internal rotating shaft of each unlocking roll (801), and the other end of each unlocking spring (803) is fixedly connected to the unlocking disk positioning plate (802), and an unlocking plate (805) is fixed inside each of the unlocking rolls (801), and an unlocking rod (806) is fixed inside each of the unlocking plates (805), and the inner side of each unlocking rod (806) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (403).

10. The variable stiffness buffer energy absorption device applicable to the irregular roof of a coal mine tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of locking springs (807) are fixed inside each of the locking rails (8), and each group of locking springs (807) is fixedly connected to the locking block (804) at its top. A locking cavity (404) is provided at the bottom of each of the sliding blocks (401), and each of the locking cavities (404) can fit tightly with the locking block (804) at its bottom.

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