Main unit forward and reverse rotation warning and door closing control system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a forward and reverse warning and door closing control system for a main unit group. The system includes a forward and reverse monitoring module, a wireless transmission module, a visual warning light device, a host computer monitoring system, and an automatic door closing control mechanism. The forward and reverse monitoring module uses a Hall dual-channel sensor to detect the rotation direction of the water pump shaft, and sends the monitoring data to the remote control center through the wireless transmission module. The visual warning light device indicates the forward or reverse rotation of the main unit group according to the received signal status, and triggers an audible and visual alarm when reverse rotation occurs. The host computer monitoring system receives and analyzes the status data of the main unit group, and automatically sends a door closing instruction when a reverse rotation fault is detected. The automatic door closing control mechanism performs the door closing operation to prevent equipment damage or runaway accidents caused by reverse rotation faults of the main unit group. The present invention improves the safety, intelligent level and response speed of the pump station operation, and is applicable to the unit equipment that requires efficient monitoring in water conservancy projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of control technology, and particularly to a forward and reverse warning and door closing control system for a main unit group. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy pumping station projects, main unit groups usually use shaft-flow tubular pumps for water conveyance. The operating status of these pumping stations is directly related to the safety and stability of water conservancy dispatching. In the prior art, the main unit group usually relies on manual inspections to judge the forward and reverse states of the water pumps and takes corresponding operation measures to ensure the normal operation of the unit. The traditional inspection method has hysteresis and it is difficult to detect reverse faults in a timely manner, thus affecting equipment safety and operating efficiency.

[0003] The current main unit group monitoring system mainly relies on limited sensor data and judges the unit status by manually reading monitoring signals. This method has the following main problems: First, manual inspections rely on experience and may lead to incorrect operations due to visual misjudgment or response lag; second, there is a lack of an automatic protection mechanism. When the main unit group reverses, emergency measures cannot be taken immediately, which easily causes equipment damage or even serious accidents; in addition, the remote monitoring ability is insufficient, and management personnel cannot grasp the operating status of the unit in real time, thus reducing the efficiency and safety of equipment management.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a forward and reverse warning and door closing control system for a main unit group. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a forward and reverse warning and door closing control system for a main unit group to improve the safety, intelligent level and response speed of the pumping station operation.

[0006] This application provides a forward and reverse warning and door closing control system for a main unit group, including:

[0007] A forward and reverse monitoring module for monitoring the rotation direction of the water pump shaft of the main unit group. The forward and reverse monitoring module includes a Hall dual-channel sensor and a flexible toothed magnetic steel strip installed on the water pump large shaft bracket. The Hall dual-channel sensor generates corresponding forward or reverse digital signals by detecting the signal phase difference of the flexible toothed magnetic steel strip and transmits the digital signal to the wireless transmission module;

[0008] A wireless transmission module, including a wireless transmitting unit and a wireless receiving unit. The wireless transmitting unit is connected to the forward and reverse monitoring module and is used to wirelessly transmit the forward or reverse digital signal to the remote wireless receiving unit. After receiving the signal, the wireless receiving unit transmits the signal to the upper computer monitoring system and outputs it to the visual warning light device at the same time;

[0009] A visual warning light device, connected to a wireless receiving unit, and controls the state of the warning light based on the received digital signal;

[0010] A host computer monitoring system, connected to the wireless receiving unit, and receives the forward or reverse signal of the main unit group through a PLC control module, displays the operating state of the main unit group in real time on the monitoring interface, and sends a door closing instruction to the automatic door closing control mechanism when detecting a reverse fault of the main unit group;

[0011] An automatic door closing control mechanism, including a relay control unit and a hydraulic actuator. After the relay control unit receives the door closing instruction sent by the host computer monitoring system, it drives the hydraulic actuator to make the quick gate perform the door closing operation.

[0012] Furthermore, the forward and reverse monitoring module includes a signal self-calibration unit, and the signal self-calibration unit includes a data acquisition module, a threshold adjustment circuit, and an error correction algorithm execution module.

[0013] Among them, the data acquisition module is used to continuously record the detection signals of the Hall dual-channel sensor during the operation of the main unit group and store them in the local storage unit;

[0014] The threshold adjustment circuit calculates the signal fluctuation range based on the historical signal strength recorded by the data acquisition module and dynamically adjusts the signal threshold of the Hall dual-channel sensor to adapt to the rotation state of the water pump shaft under different load conditions;

[0015] The error correction algorithm execution module uses adaptive filtering technology, combines the time series analysis of the sensor signals, filters the possible signal interference or mutant data, ensures the accuracy of the forward and reverse discrimination, and reduces the misjudgment caused by signal fluctuation or external interference.

[0016] Furthermore, the wireless transmitting unit and the wireless receiving unit of the wireless transmission module are implemented by LORA communication technology, including a signal enhancement unit and an interference shielding circuit;

[0017] Among them, the signal enhancement unit includes a high-gain antenna and a signal amplification circuit. The high-gain antenna can expand the coverage range of the wireless signal, so that the monitoring signal of the main unit group can be stably transmitted within a relatively long distance; the signal amplification circuit is used to dynamically adjust the gain of the low-power signal, so that the signal still maintains strong signal quality when penetrating obstacles or in a high-humidity environment;

[0018] The interference shielding circuit is composed of a low-pass filter and a signal correction module. The low-pass filter is used to block high-frequency electromagnetic interference and prevent the signal noise of external devices from affecting data transmission. The signal correction module performs packet loss compensation or error data recovery based on the integrity analysis of the received signal, improving the anti-interference ability of wireless communication.

[0019] Furthermore, the visual warning light device includes a multi-level alarm mode, which is composed of an alarm signal control circuit, a warning light driving module and a buzzer control unit, and is used to automatically adjust the alarm strategy according to the severity and duration of the reverse fault of the main unit group;

[0020] Among them, the alarm signal control circuit receives the forward and reverse signals from the wireless receiving unit, records the fault duration through the built-in time calculation module. In the case of short-term reverse rotation, it controls the warning light to stably display the second color to provide a general visual prompt; when the fault duration exceeds the preset threshold, the warning light enters the flashing mode and adjusts the flashing frequency to enhance the obviousness of the fault prompt; when the fault duration reaches the emergency level, the warning light flashes at a high frequency and controls the buzzer to emit sound in a variable frequency mode to prompt the operator of possible emergencies in different audio modes.

[0021] Furthermore, the upper computer monitoring system includes an intelligent data analysis module, which is composed of a data acquisition unit, a trend analysis algorithm and a remote data synchronization module, and is used to perform trend analysis based on historical operation data and real-time status data, and trigger an early warning signal in case of anomalies;

[0022] Among them, the data acquisition unit is connected to the wireless receiving unit, records the operation parameters of the main unit group in real time and stores them in the local database; the trend analysis algorithm is based on the multivariate time series analysis method, combines the historical operation data, environmental parameters and load changes of the main unit group, establishes a prediction model of the equipment operation status, and calculates the probability of future reverse faults; the remote data synchronization module is connected to the remote monitoring platform, and when an abnormal trend is found, it sends an early warning signal to the management center through the network so that the operator can intervene and maintain in advance.

[0023] The technical solution proposed in this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] (1) Utilize the wireless transmission module and the upper computer monitoring system to realize the remote monitoring of the forward and reverse states of the main unit group, improving the management efficiency and response speed. (2) Distinguish the forward and reverse states through the colors of the warning lights, and trigger the audible and visual alarm of the buzzer in case of reverse faults, improving the intuitive perception ability of the operator and reducing the risk of misjudgment. (3) When the reverse rotation of the main unit group is detected, the system can automatically trigger the door closing control mechanism and quickly execute the gate closing operation to prevent equipment damage or runaway accidents caused by the reverse rotation of the unit. (4) Through PLC control and upper computer data analysis, automatic judgment and control are realized without manual intervention, effectively improving the safety and intelligent level of the pump station operation, and meeting the management requirements of modern water conservancy projects with unmanned or few operators. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a positive and reverse warning and door-closing control system for a main engine group provided by the first embodiment of the present application. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0026] A lot of specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] The first embodiment of the present application provides a positive and reverse warning and door-closing control system for a main engine group. Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present application. The following combines Figure 1 to detail a positive and reverse warning and door-closing control system for a main engine group provided by the first embodiment of the present application.

[0028] The positive and reverse warning and door-closing control system for the main engine group includes a positive and reverse monitoring module 101, a wireless transmission module 102, a visual warning light device 103, a host computer monitoring system 104, and an automatic door-closing control mechanism 105.

[0029] The positive and reverse monitoring module 101 is used to monitor the rotation direction of the water pump shaft of the main engine group. The positive and reverse monitoring module includes a Hall dual-channel sensor and a flexible toothed magnetic steel strip installed on the water pump large shaft bracket. The Hall dual-channel sensor generates corresponding forward or reverse digital signals by detecting the signal phase difference of the flexible toothed magnetic steel strip, and transmits the digital signal to the wireless transmission module.

[0030] The positive and reverse monitoring module 101 is used to monitor the rotation direction of the water pump shaft of the main engine group in real time and generate accurate rotation status signals. This module mainly consists of a Hall dual-channel sensor, a flexible toothed magnetic steel strip, a signal processing unit, and related installation structures. Among them, the Hall dual-channel sensor is fixedly installed on the water pump large shaft bracket, while the flexible toothed magnetic steel strip is tightly coated or fixed on the surface of the water pump large shaft and is accurately aligned with the detection area of the sensor to ensure the accuracy and stability of the detection data. The flexible toothed magnetic steel strip is made of a high magnetic permeability material and is processed according to the set modulus and tooth profile structure, so that a stable magnetic field change signal can be formed during the rotation of the large shaft for the Hall dual-channel sensor to accurately detect.

[0031] The Hall dual-channel sensor is a magnetic field induction device with the ability to detect phase differences. It has two independent induction channels, which respectively record the magnetic field signals generated when the magnetic steel strip passes through the sensor. Due to the toothed structure of the magnetic steel strip, when the water pump shaft rotates, the signals sensed by the sensor are periodic pulse signals. If the water pump shaft rotates in the set clockwise direction, that is, in the forward rotation state, the signal of the first channel (Channel A) of the sensor leads the signal of the second channel (Channel B) by 90°. At this time, the signal processing unit can judge the running direction of the main unit group based on the phase difference analysis and output a digital input signal indicating forward rotation. If the water pump shaft rotates counterclockwise, that is, a reverse rotation fault occurs, the signal of Channel B leads the signal of Channel A by 90°. The signal processing unit immediately judges the reverse rotation state and generates a digital input signal indicating reverse rotation.

[0032] The digital input signal output by this module can be directly used as the input signal for the subsequent control logic to ensure that the system can respond quickly and take corresponding safety measures. The signal processing unit integrates an anti-interference filtering circuit to eliminate possible noise signals. At the same time, it has signal amplification and shaping functions to ensure that the output signal can meet the requirements of the subsequent wireless transmission module. In addition, there is also a self-check mechanism inside the forward and reverse rotation monitoring module 101. During the system startup or maintenance process, it can detect the working status of the Hall sensor and the signal processing unit to ensure that the module is always in a normal operating state and can issue a warning signal when an abnormality occurs.

[0033] To ensure the detection accuracy, the Hall dual-channel sensor of this module needs to maintain a stable gap with the flexible toothed magnetic steel strip to ensure the accuracy of the signal. Usually, this gap is optimized according to the characteristics of the magnetic steel strip and the sensitivity of the sensor to reduce the influence of environmental factors (such as temperature changes, vibrations, etc.) on the detection accuracy. In addition, the flexible toothed magnetic steel strip is installed on the water pump shaft through a specific fixing method to prevent slippage or misalignment caused by high-speed rotation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of long-term use.

[0034] In summary, the forward and reverse rotation monitoring module 101 realizes the accurate determination of the rotation state of the water pump shaft of the main unit group through the phase difference detection of the Hall dual-channel sensor. After data optimization by the signal processing unit, it generates reliable digital input signals to ensure that the system can accurately identify the forward and reverse rotation states of the main unit group and provide high-precision data input for subsequent wireless transmission, visual warning, and automatic protection.

[0035] Furthermore, the forward and reverse rotation monitoring module includes a signal self-calibration unit, and the signal self-calibration unit includes a data acquisition module, a threshold adjustment circuit, and an error correction algorithm execution module.

[0036] Among them, the data acquisition module is used to continuously record the detection signals of the Hall dual-channel sensor during the operation of the main unit group and store them in the local storage unit;

[0037] The threshold adjustment circuit calculates the signal fluctuation range based on the historical signal intensity recorded by the data acquisition module and dynamically adjusts the signal threshold of the Hall dual-channel sensor to adapt to the rotation state of the water pump shaft under different load conditions;

[0038] The error correction algorithm execution module uses adaptive filtering technology and combines the time series analysis of the sensor signals to filter out possible signal interference or mutant data, ensuring the accuracy of forward and reverse rotation discrimination and reducing misjudgment caused by signal fluctuations or external interference.

[0039] During the process of detecting the rotation state of the water pump shaft of the main unit group, the forward and reverse rotation monitoring module further includes a signal self-calibration unit in order to ensure the stability and accuracy of long-term operation. The signal self-calibration unit is composed of a data acquisition module, a threshold adjustment circuit and an error correction algorithm execution module to improve the detection sensitivity and adapt to the operation state of the water pump shaft under different load conditions, avoiding misjudgment caused by sensor sensitivity attenuation or external environmental interference.

[0040] The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the Hall dual-channel sensor and can continuously record the magnetic field signals detected by the sensor throughout the entire life cycle of the main unit group operation, and store the signal data in the local storage unit. This module can not only record the current forward and reverse rotation state signals, but also store the historical operation data within a certain period of time, thus forming a time-based signal trend analysis. The data storage adopts a cyclic overwrite method. When the storage space is limited, the most recent operation data is preferentially retained to ensure the timeliness of the monitoring results. In addition, this module also has a data integrity check function, which will check the signals when storing data to ensure the accuracy of data storage and prevent misjudgment caused by storage errors.

[0041] The threshold adjustment circuit is used to calculate the signal fluctuation range based on the historical signal intensity recorded by the data acquisition module, and dynamically adjust the signal threshold of the Hall dual-channel sensor to adapt to the changes in the rotation state of the water pump shaft under different load conditions. Since the main unit may have large changes in speed and load under different working conditions, a fixed threshold is likely to cause signal misjudgment. Therefore, this circuit adopts a dynamic adjustment method to optimize the signal discrimination standard of the sensor according to the operating characteristics of the main unit. The core principle of threshold adjustment is to calculate the mean value and fluctuation range of the signal using historical data, and automatically adjust the trigger threshold of the Hall dual-channel sensor by comparing the deviation between the current signal and the historical mean value. For example, in the case of long-term low-load operation, the signal may be weak, and the system will lower the discrimination threshold to enhance sensitivity; while in high-load and high-speed operation, the signal is strong, and the system will appropriately increase the threshold to avoid false triggering. While adjusting the threshold, this circuit also has the ability to identify abnormal states, which can detect sudden signal abnormalities, such as interference signals or sensor failures, and trigger an alarm or switch to the default threshold mode when an abnormal situation is detected to ensure the stability of the system.

[0042] The implementation of the threshold adjustment circuit needs to combine three key parts: signal detection, data analysis, and dynamic adjustment. First, after the signals of the Hall dual-channel sensors are initially collected, they will enter the signal processing unit, which is equipped with an amplification circuit and a filtering circuit inside to ensure the stability of the signals and eliminate short-term noise. Based on the signal processing, the data analysis module will extract the average signal intensity within a period of time from the stored historical data and calculate its change range to determine the signal reference value and fluctuation interval under the current operating environment.

[0043] The core of dynamic adjustment is a programmable comparator network, which compares the real-time signal intensity with the calculated historical reference value and adjusts the trigger threshold of the sensor according to the deviation. If the real-time signal is lower than the historical mean value but still within the acceptable error range, the system will lower the judgment threshold so that weak signals can still be accurately identified; conversely, if the signal intensity is significantly higher than the normal fluctuation range, the threshold will be increased accordingly to prevent misjudgment. When performing the adjustment, the system will set a change rate to avoid affecting the stability due to too rapid threshold changes caused by sudden environmental changes.

[0044] In addition, the threshold adjustment circuit also includes a feedback mechanism to ensure that the adjusted parameters can adapt to the current operating state. The adjusted threshold will remain stable for a short period of time and be continuously optimized in subsequent data acquisitions to ensure that the system can adapt to different loads and rotation states during long-term operation, improving the reliability and accuracy of detection.

[0045] The error correction algorithm execution module adopts adaptive filtering technology and combines time series analysis of sensor signals to filter possible signal interference or mutant data, ensuring the accuracy of forward and reverse rotation discrimination and reducing misjudgments caused by signal fluctuations or external interference. The core function of this module is to isolate the true rotation state information from the detected signals and eliminate abnormal signals such as environmental noise and electromagnetic interference to improve the accuracy of forward and reverse rotation monitoring. The advantage of using adaptive filtering technology is that the algorithm can automatically adjust the filtering parameters according to the actual operating conditions, making it applicable to different operating conditions. For example, when the main unit is operating normally, the signal fluctuation is small, and the filtering algorithm will use a lower adjustment weight to ensure the authenticity of signal changes. When the signal is subject to large interference, the algorithm will automatically enhance the filtering intensity to reduce the impact of abnormal signals on the discrimination results. In addition, this module also combines time series analysis to model the trend of the data output by the sensor. If a signal mutation is detected within a short time but there is no reasonable change trend, the system will determine that the signal may be a transient interference and perform corresponding error correction to avoid incorrect forward and reverse rotation discrimination results.

[0046] Through the coordinated action of the signal self-calibration unit, this forward and reverse rotation monitoring module can maintain high detection accuracy in complex environments and variable operating conditions, reduce the need for manual intervention, and ensure the reliability of long-term operation. The data acquisition module ensures the recording and analysis of long-term operation data. The threshold adjustment circuit enables the detection standard to dynamically adapt to different operating conditions, while the error correction algorithm execution module further improves the anti-interference ability, enabling the entire system to have a higher level of intelligence and stability and being suitable for the precise monitoring of the operating state of the main unit.

[0047] Furthermore, during the execution of the error correction algorithm, the system first suppresses the noise of the signals collected by the Hall dual-channel sensor to reduce environmental interference and the instability of the sensor itself, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the signals. Subsequently, the system uses a trend compensation mechanism to correct the signals after noise suppression to make them approach the true operating state, thereby improving the reliability of forward and reverse rotation monitoring. The entire correction process consists of two parts: adaptive non-linear gain filtering and dynamic trend compensation, and is calculated through a mathematical model.

[0048] The error correction algorithm execution module is specifically used for:

[0049] In the signal noise suppression stage, based on adaptive non-linear gain filtering, the signals of the Hall dual-channel sensor are dynamically adjusted according to the following formula 1:

[0050]

[0051] Where, is the filtered signal, which is the main data finally used by the system for trend compensation and subsequent analysis, with the unit of volts (V).

[0052] is the original signal of the Hall sensor in the signal noise suppression stage, that is, the output of the sensor without any processing, with the unit of volts (V).

[0053] is the noise term, which may come from factors such as electromagnetic interference, with the unit of volts (V).

[0054] is the adaptive gain factor dimensionless, calculated according to the following formula 2:

[0055]

[0056] where is a parameter for adjusting the signal filtering smoothness, and its recommended value range is usually between 0.1 and 5. When the signal fluctuates greatly, a higher value can enhance the ability to suppress mutant signals, while in the case of a relatively stable signal, a lower value can reduce the impact of filtering on the original data. The unit of .

[0057] is the sensor measurement signal at the current time ; is the sensor measurement signal at the previous time ; represents the signal change amount between adjacent time steps, which is used to measure whether the current signal fluctuates violently. The role of this item is to make quickly adjust the filtering gain when the signal mutates.

[0058] is the noise suppression gain adjustment coefficient, and the recommended value is between 0.5 and 2.0. When the noise is large, a higher value helps to improve the noise suppression ability and have the same unit.

[0059] is the noise standard deviation, which is obtained by the system through statistical calculation of the noise over a period of time to reflect the intensity of the current environmental interference, and is the same as in unit.

[0060] is a small constant to avoid the denominator approaching zero, usually set to .

[0061] In the trend compensation stage, compensation is performed according to the following formula 3 to dynamically adjust the sensor signal to make it closer to the actual operating state:

[0062]

[0063] in, It is the correction signal after trend compensation, that is, the final signal after compensation used to judge the forward and reverse rotation status of the host unit, and the unit is volt (V).

[0064] It is the original signal of the Hall sensor in the trend compensation stage, that is, the measurement value of the Hall sensor that has been noise suppressed but has not yet been compensated for long-term offset, in volts (V).

[0065] It is the first-order trend compensation coefficient in seconds (s). The recommended value is between 0.05 and 0.5. This item is used to correct short-term signal offset to ensure that the signal trend is consistent with the actual operating status.

[0066] is the second-order trend compensation coefficient, in seconds squared ( ), the recommended value is between 0.001 and 0.1. This item is used to compensate for the signal acceleration changes caused by load changes or environmental factors to reduce the error caused by severe fluctuations.

[0067] is the long-term signal offset correction factor, expressed in reciprocal seconds ( ), the recommended value is between 0.01 and 0.1. This item is used to correct the long-term trend deviation of the signal and make the signal tend to be stable on a longer time scale.

[0068] is the exponential decay factor, expressed in reciprocal seconds ( ), the recommended value is between 0.02 and 0.2, which makes the newer data more important and the influence of the distant data gradually decreases, thus enhancing the real-time performance of the system.

[0069] Indicates the current time, integral variable Represents the value of a signal at a past time point.

[0070] Indicates at time The Hall sensor measurement signal at that moment is in volts (V).

[0071] Furthermore, the forward and reverse rotation monitoring module includes a temperature compensation unit, which includes a temperature sensor and a compensation calculation module. The temperature sensor is installed near the Hall dual-channel sensor and is used to detect changes in the ambient temperature. The compensation calculation module dynamically corrects the signal output of the Hall dual-channel sensor based on the detection results of the temperature sensor to eliminate the signal drift of the Hall sensor caused by temperature changes.

[0072] Through the coordinated action of the temperature sensor and the compensation calculation module in the forward and reverse rotation monitoring module, it is ensured that the Hall dual-channel sensor can maintain stable and accurate signal output under different environmental conditions. Since the magnetosensitive characteristics of the Hall effect sensor are easily affected by temperature changes, its output signal may drift with the fluctuations of the ambient temperature, resulting in errors in the judgment of the forward and reverse rotation states. Therefore, a temperature sensor is arranged near the Hall dual-channel sensor to real-time monitor the ambient temperature around the device and transmit the collected temperature data to the compensation calculation module for dynamic signal correction.

[0073] The temperature sensor selects a high-precision and fast-response temperature measurement element, which can quickly adjust the compensation parameters of the Hall sensor when the ambient temperature changes. This sensor can use a semiconductor temperature-sensitive resistor, a digital temperature sensor or an infrared temperature measurement element, and the specific selection depends on the system operating environment and accuracy requirements. The temperature sensor is installed near the detection area of the Hall dual-channel sensor, enabling it to synchronously sense temperature changes and minimizing the temperature lag effect as much as possible to ensure that the compensation calculation module obtains accurate and real-time temperature data.

[0074] The compensation calculation module uses a signal correction algorithm based on a calibration model to perform temperature compensation on the output of the Hall dual-channel sensor. First, during the device installation and debugging phase, the system establishes the output characteristic curves of the Hall sensor at different temperatures and stores them in the internal storage unit of the compensation calculation module. When the system enters the actual operating state, the compensation calculation module will find or interpolate and calculate the compensation parameters corresponding to the current temperature according to the detection value of the temperature sensor, and adjust the output signal of the Hall sensor in real time. For example, in a high-temperature environment, the sensitivity of the Hall sensor may decrease, resulting in a decrease in the amplitude of the output signal. The compensation calculation module will automatically increase the signal gain to maintain a standardized signal amplitude; while in a low-temperature environment, the sensor may generate a large offset error, and the module will perform zero-drift correction to eliminate the interference of temperature effects on the forward and reverse rotation discrimination results.

[0075] In addition to static compensation based on the calibration curve, the compensation calculation module also integrates a self-learning mechanism, enabling the system to optimize compensation parameters during long-term operation. By recording long-term operation data and combining with the historical temperature change trend, the system can dynamically adjust the compensation algorithm to make the signal correction of the Hall sensor more accurate. In addition, to ensure the stability of compensation, the module adopts smoothing filtering technology to buffer sudden temperature changes in a short period of time, avoiding drastic fluctuations in signal output caused by instantaneous temperature changes.

[0076] The introduction of this temperature compensation unit enables the Hall dual-channel sensor to maintain high-precision forward and reverse detection capabilities under various working conditions. Whether in a cold winter environment or a high-temperature equipment machine room, it can ensure stable signals, avoid misjudgment caused by temperature drift, and thus improve the reliability and adaptability of the entire main engine set forward and reverse warning and door-closing control system.

[0077] The wireless transmission module 102 includes a wireless transmitting unit and a wireless receiving unit. The wireless transmitting unit is connected to the forward and reverse monitoring module and is used to wirelessly transmit the on-off signal of forward or reverse to a remote wireless receiving unit. After receiving the signal, the wireless receiving unit transmits the signal to the upper computer monitoring system and outputs it to the visual warning light device at the same time.

[0078] The wireless transmission module 102 is used to wirelessly transmit the on-off signal generated by the forward and reverse monitoring module 101 to a remote receiving device to ensure that the operating state of the main engine set can be monitored in real time in the remote control system. The module includes a wireless transmitting unit and a wireless receiving unit. The wireless transmitting unit is installed near the main engine set and is directly connected to the forward and reverse monitoring module 101. It is used to receive the on-off signal of forward or reverse output by this module and convert the signal into a wireless data packet for remote transmission in a low-power and high-stability manner. The wireless receiving unit is deployed in a remote control room or monitoring site and is responsible for receiving the signal sent by the wireless transmitting unit, decoding and data-checking it, and then transmitting it to the upper computer monitoring system 104. At the same time, it provides a signal output to the visual warning light device 103 to achieve multi-level safety warning and intelligent control.

[0079] The wireless transmission unit adopts LORA modulation technology to enhance the penetration ability of signals in complex environments and reduce the interference risk, thus ensuring stable signal reception even in long-distance transmission scenarios. The input end of the transmission unit is connected to the relay digital output end of the forward and reverse rotation monitoring module 101, enabling real-time acquisition of the rotation direction status information of the water pump shaft. When the main unit is in normal forward rotation, the wireless transmission unit encodes the corresponding forward rotation signal into a wireless data packet and transmits it through a preset frequency band; when the main unit has a reverse rotation fault, the wireless transmission unit encodes the reverse rotation signal and wirelessly transmits it, and a periodic signal confirmation mechanism is used to ensure that the data can be reliably received and processed by the wireless receiving unit.

[0080] The wireless receiving unit is usually installed in the remote control room and uses the same communication protocol as the wireless transmission unit to ensure accurate signal transmission and parsing. After receiving the signal from the wireless transmission unit, the unit first performs data integrity verification, including error correction code detection and signal consistency comparison, to ensure that the received signal data is correct. Subsequently, the receiving unit decodes the signal and sends the data to the upper computer monitoring system 104 through a standardized communication interface, and at the same time outputs the signal to the visual warning light device 103 to achieve remote status monitoring and real-time fault alarm. After receiving the signal, the upper computer monitoring system can parse the data according to the preset logic and display the current operating status of the main unit in the monitoring interface.

[0081] The design of the wireless transmission module 102 ensures the reliability and real-time performance of the signal, and at the same time adopts a low-power operating mode to adapt to the long-term online operation requirements. Both the transmission unit and the receiving unit are built-in with high-gain antennas to enhance the signal coverage range and support signal redundant transmission to reduce the possible signal loss risk. In addition, to improve the system stability, the wireless transmission module also has an automatic reconnection mechanism, which can quickly restore communication when the signal is temporarily lost, ensuring that the operation status data of the main unit can be continuously and reliably transmitted to the monitoring system to meet the requirements of remote control and intelligent management.

[0082] Furthermore, the wireless transmission unit and the wireless receiving unit of the wireless transmission module are implemented using LORA communication technology, including a signal enhancement unit and an interference shielding circuit;

[0083] Among them, the signal enhancement unit includes a high-gain antenna and a signal amplification circuit. The high-gain antenna can expand the coverage range of the wireless signal, enabling the monitoring signal of the main unit to be stably transmitted over a relatively long distance; the signal amplification circuit is used to dynamically adjust the gain of the low-power signal, so that the signal still maintains strong signal quality when penetrating obstacles or in a high-humidity environment;

[0084] The interference shielding circuit consists of a low-pass filter and a signal correction module. The low-pass filter is used to block high-frequency electromagnetic interference and prevent signal noise from external devices from affecting data transmission. The signal correction module performs packet loss compensation or error data recovery based on the integrity analysis of the received signal, improving the anti-interference ability of wireless communication.

[0085] The wireless transmission module adopts LORA communication technology to ensure the remote and stable transmission of the monitoring signals of the main unit group and maintain reliable communication quality in complex environments. This module consists of a wireless transmitting unit and a wireless receiving unit, and is equipped with a signal enhancement unit and an interference shielding circuit to optimize the coverage range, anti-interference ability, and signal integrity of data transmission.

[0086] The signal enhancement unit works together with a high-gain antenna and a signal amplification circuit to improve the stability and long-distance transmission ability of wireless signals. The high-gain antenna adopts a directional or omnidirectional radiation design, and the optimal solution can be selected according to the layout of the pumping station and the signal transmission path. The directional antenna is suitable for scenarios with fixed transmission paths, concentrating the signal in a specific direction to enhance the coverage range and signal strength, while the omnidirectional antenna is suitable for situations where the signal needs to propagate in multiple directions, ensuring a reliable communication link can always be maintained between the wireless transmitting unit and the receiving unit. In on-site applications, the high-gain antenna can compensate for signal losses caused by equipment spacing, obstacle occlusion, or environmental attenuation, enabling the monitoring signals of the main unit group to maintain stable transmission over a relatively long distance.

[0087] The signal amplification circuit dynamically adjusts the signal power through an automatic gain control mechanism to adapt to different working environments. When the transmission path is short or the signal is strong, the system reduces the gain to reduce signal overload and energy consumption; when the signal attenuation is large, especially when penetrating metal structures, walls, or high-humidity environments, the signal amplification circuit automatically increases the gain to ensure that the receiving end can obtain a signal with sufficient strength. This circuit includes a pre-stage low-noise amplifier and a post-stage power amplifier. The low-noise amplifier is mainly used to enhance weak signals, while the power amplifier further increases the intensity of the output signal, enabling the signal to effectively penetrate obstacles and maintain stable decoding quality. This dynamic gain adjustment mechanism can optimize signal transmission under different working conditions, enabling the wireless transmitting unit and the receiving unit to always maintain the best communication state.

[0088] The interference shielding circuit is used to reduce the impact of environmental noise and external electromagnetic interference on wireless signal transmission, improving the anti-interference ability of the system. The low-pass filter, as the first line of defense of the interference shielding circuit, can effectively block high-frequency interference signals and prevent electromagnetic radiation from motors, frequency converters, or other high-power devices from interfering with wireless communication. This filter adopts a passive LC network or an active operational amplifier design, and the appropriate cut-off frequency can be selected according to the characteristics of the interference source to ensure that the LORA signal is not affected by external noise within the predetermined frequency band.

[0089] The signal correction module is used to compensate for data loss during transmission and recover error data to ensure data integrity. When wireless signals are subject to sudden interference or channel fading resulting in packet loss, this module can automatically perform packet loss compensation based on redundancy check technology and error detection algorithms, and use forward error correction coding to recover some damaged data, ensuring that the receiving end can correctly parse the monitoring signal. During long-distance transmission, the signal correction module will also use an adaptive retransmission mechanism to automatically request retransmission when abnormal data is detected, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission and avoiding communication failures caused by interference or instantaneous signal fading.

[0090] Based on LORA communication technology, the entire wireless transmission module combines signal enhancement and interference shielding mechanisms, enabling the system to maintain stable monitoring signal transmission in long-distance, large-scale device distribution, and complex environments, ensuring that the operating status of the main unit group can be reliably transmitted to the remote monitoring system and providing high-precision real-time data support for automatic door closing control.

[0091] The visual warning light device 103 is connected to the wireless receiving unit and controls the status of the warning light based on the received digital signal. Among them, when it is detected that the main unit group is rotating forward, the warning light displays the first color; when it is detected that the main unit group is rotating in reverse, the warning light displays the second color and simultaneously triggers the buzzer to give an audible and visual alarm to alert the operator of the abnormal situation.

[0092] The visual warning light device 103 is used to visually display the operating status of the main unit group and provide an audible and visual alarm in case of reverse rotation failure to alert the operator to take corresponding emergency measures. This device is directly connected to the wireless receiving unit, can receive the forward and reverse rotation status signals of the main unit group in real time, and switch the indicator lights of different colors based on the received signals. At the same time, in specific situations, it triggers the buzzer to give an audible and visual alarm. The entire device includes components such as the warning light body, wireless signal receiving module, control circuit, warning light driving circuit, and buzzer, ensuring that stable and reliable visual and auditory feedback can be provided.

[0093] The warning light body adopts an integrated multi-color LED lamp group, which can switch the display color according to different states of the main unit group. When the main unit group is in normal forward rotation, the warning light displays the first color, usually red, to indicate that the system is in the drainage operation mode. When the main unit group has a reverse rotation failure, the warning light automatically switches to the second color, usually yellow, to provide an obvious fault warning to the operator. In the reverse state, the warning light not only indicates through color change, but also simultaneously triggers the buzzer to emit intermittent or continuous sound alarms to enhance the fault prompt effect, ensuring that the operator can quickly detect the abnormal state even in a long-distance or noisy environment.

[0094] The wireless signal receiving module works in cooperation with the receiving unit of the wireless transmission module 102 to ensure the stability of signal transmission. When the wireless receiving unit receives the digital signal from the forward and reverse monitoring module 101, the signal will be parsed and transmitted to the warning light device 103 through a standardized data interface. The control circuit inside the warning light device makes a logical judgment on the signal and controls the warning light driving circuit to perform corresponding display switching and alarm operations. The control circuit adopts anti-interference design and can operate stably in a complex electromagnetic environment to ensure that the signal transmission process will not be affected by external interference. To enhance the reliability of the system, the warning light device is also equipped with a status self-check function. When a failure occurs in the lamp group or buzzer, it can feedback the abnormal situation of the warning light device to the host monitoring system 104 so that the operators can perform maintenance in time.

[0095] The installation method of this device is flexible and can be fixed at prominent positions in the control room, on-site equipment, or the operation area of the pumping station to ensure that the operators can obtain the equipment operation status information in the shortest time. To meet the requirements of long-term stable operation, the warning light body is encapsulated with weather-resistant materials and has the characteristics of waterproof, dustproof, and anti-vibration, suitable for various harsh environments. In addition, to reduce the maintenance workload, the warning light adopts a low-power design and supports remote configuration, and can adjust the brightness, color, and buzzer alarm mode of the warning light according to the operation requirements to adapt to different working scenarios.

[0096] In summary, the visual warning light device 103 can not only clearly and intuitively display the operation status of the main engine group, but also provide an efficient audible and visual alarm function in case of reverse failure, improve the response speed of the operators to abnormal situations, and avoid equipment damage and safety accidents caused by information delay or misjudgment. This device is combined with wireless signal transmission, host monitoring, and automatic protection systems to form a complete set of main engine group operation status monitoring and early warning mechanisms to ensure the safe and stable operation of the pump equipment.

[0097] Furthermore, the visual warning light device includes a multi-level alarm mode, which is composed of an alarm signal control circuit, a warning light driving module, and a buzzer control unit, and is used to automatically adjust the alarm strategy according to the severity and duration of the reverse failure of the main engine group;

[0098] Among them, the alarm signal control circuit receives the forward and reverse signals from the wireless receiving unit, records the fault duration through the built-in time calculation module, and controls the warning light to stably display the second color in the case of short-term reverse rotation to provide a general visual prompt; when the fault duration exceeds the preset threshold, the warning light enters the flashing mode and adjusts the flashing frequency to enhance the obviousness of the fault prompt; when the fault duration reaches the emergency level, the warning light flashes at a high frequency and controls the buzzer to emit sound in a variable frequency mode to prompt the operator of possible emergency situations in different audio modes.

[0099] The multi-level alarm mode of the visual warning light device works in coordination with the alarm signal control circuit, the warning light driving module and the buzzer control unit to achieve a hierarchical response to the reverse fault of the main unit group. The system can dynamically adjust the alarm strategy according to the severity and duration of the fault, enabling the operator to quickly identify the operating state of the main unit group and take corresponding treatment measures.

[0100] The core function of the alarm signal control circuit is to receive the forward and reverse state signals from the wireless receiving unit, and record and analyze the duration of the fault in combination with the internal time calculation module. When the main unit group has a short-term reverse rotation, the circuit judges that the fault may be caused by transient interference, load fluctuation or short-term operation abnormality. Therefore, it will not immediately trigger a strong alarm signal, but switch the warning light to the second color, usually yellow, to provide a basic visual warning. At this time, the warning light remains steadily lit without flashing, so that the operator can visually identify the system state change during the inspection tour.

[0101] When the fault duration exceeds the preset time threshold, the alarm signal control circuit will adjust the alarm mode of the warning light to make it enter the flashing state. This time threshold can be set according to the on-site working conditions, such as a delay of several seconds to more than ten seconds, to avoid false alarms caused by short-term fluctuations. After entering the flashing mode, the flashing frequency of the warning light will be dynamically adjusted with the increase of the fault duration. In the initial stage, low-frequency flashing may be adopted, and when the fault duration is further extended, the flashing frequency will gradually increase to enhance the obviousness of the fault prompt and enable the operator to notice potential problems more quickly.

[0102] When the fault duration reaches the emergency level, the warning light enters the highest alarm mode, flashes at a high frequency, and the buzzer control unit starts and sounds in a variable frequency mode. The alarm audio of the buzzer will be adjusted according to the fault level. For example, in a general alarm state, the buzzer may emit a short alarm sound at a fixed interval, while in an emergency state, the frequency and loudness of the alarm sound will be significantly increased, or an alternating frequency modulation mode will be adopted to ensure that even in a noisy industrial environment, the operator can clearly identify the severity of the alarm signal. In addition, in order to prevent long-term alarms from interfering with operators, the system also supports a manual confirmation function. After arriving at the site and conducting a preliminary inspection, the operator can cancel the audible alarm of the buzzer through the control panel or remote interface, but the warning light will still remain in a high-frequency flashing state until the fault is eliminated to ensure that the fault information will not be ignored due to misoperation.

[0103] The design of this multi-level alarm mode can not only improve the response speed to the main unit reversal failure, but also avoid false alarms caused by short-term signal fluctuations. At the same time, it ensures that in the event of a serious fault, the alarm signal is conspicuous enough to enable operators to quickly judge the severity of the problem and take appropriate measures, thereby improving the safety and operational reliability of the system.

[0104] The upper computer monitoring system 104 is connected to the wireless receiving unit and receives the forward or reverse signal of the host group through the PLC control module, displays the operating status of the host group in real time in the monitoring interface, and sends a door-dropping command to the automatic door-dropping control mechanism when a reverse failure of the host group is detected.

[0105] The host computer monitoring system 104 is used to receive, process and display the operating status data of the host group. At the same time, when an abnormal situation is detected, it automatically sends instructions to the control system to achieve safety management and automatic protection functions. The system establishes data communication with the wireless receiving unit, obtains the switch signal transmitted by the forward and reverse monitoring module 101, and combines the preset control logic to perform real-time analysis on the forward, reverse and fault status of the host group. Under normal operation, the host computer monitoring system receives and analyzes the wireless signal, and displays the status information of the current host group on the monitoring interface, so that the operating personnel can remotely understand the working status of the unit. When a reverse fault occurs, the system will not only issue an alarm prompt on the interface, but also automatically execute the preset fault handling strategy to reduce manual intervention and improve the fault response speed.

[0106] The core components of the system include a data processing unit, a communication interface module, a human-machine interaction interface, and a control output unit. The data processing unit integrates functions such as signal acquisition, logical judgment, data storage, and remote transmission, ensuring that the system can work stably in various operating environments. The communication interface module is used to receive the signals transmitted by the wireless transmission module 102 and establish a connection with the on-site PLC controller to achieve real-time monitoring and remote operation of the main unit group status. The human-machine interaction interface adopts a graphical display method, enabling the operating personnel to intuitively understand the working status of the unit, including the running direction of the current water pump, the equipment health status, and historical operation data. When an abnormality occurs, the system will automatically pop up a warning message and provide corresponding operation suggestions to assist the operating personnel in troubleshooting.

[0107] When a reverse fault occurs in the main unit group, the upper computer monitoring system will immediately execute a series of automated processing steps. First, the system will confirm the fault status through logical judgment, highlight the reverse warning on the monitoring interface, and at the same time trigger the sound and light alarm function of the visual warning light device 103 so that the on-site personnel can promptly discover the abnormal situation. Subsequently, the system will send a door-closing instruction to the automatic door-closing control mechanism 105, instructing the quick gate to close to prevent equipment damage or runaway accidents caused by the reverse fault of the main unit group. While performing the door-closing operation, the system will also send a remote alarm to the management personnel to ensure that the relevant personnel can respond in a timely manner and take necessary measures. In addition, the upper computer monitoring system will store all key events and fault information in the database for subsequent analysis and maintenance.

[0108] The design of this system takes into account the requirements of remote monitoring and intelligent management. By connecting to a remote server or cloud platform, cross-regional data sharing and remote monitoring of equipment status can be achieved. The management personnel can access the system through a remote terminal or mobile device and view the running status of the main unit group in real time. At the same time, the system also supports adaptive adjustment of logical parameters, enabling it to optimize the control strategy according to the on-site operation situation and improve the overall safety and operation efficiency.

[0109] To ensure the stability of data transmission, the upper computer monitoring system adopts a redundant communication mechanism, that is, when the main wireless signal transmission path fails, it can automatically switch to the backup communication path to ensure the reliable transmission of key data. In addition, the system is also equipped with a fault diagnosis function, which can automatically detect signal abnormalities, circuit failures, or sensor failures, etc., and take corresponding protection measures when necessary.

[0110] In summary, the host computer monitoring system 104 not only realizes the remote monitoring of the forward and reverse states of the main unit group, but also improves the intelligent level of the system through automatic logical judgment and control strategies. When a reverse fault occurs in the main unit group, the system can quickly trigger an alarm and execute automatic door closing protection to prevent the accident from further expanding. At the same time, the system provides rich data storage and remote monitoring functions, facilitating the operation personnel to grasp the equipment status at any time, optimize the maintenance strategy, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the water pump system.

[0111] Furthermore, the host computer monitoring system includes an intelligent data analysis module, which is composed of a data acquisition unit, a trend analysis algorithm, and a remote data synchronization module, and is used to perform trend analysis based on historical operation data and real-time status data, and trigger an early warning signal in case of an anomaly;

[0112] Among them, the data acquisition unit is connected to the wireless receiving unit, records the operation parameters of the main unit group in real time, and stores them in the local database; the trend analysis algorithm is based on the multivariate time series analysis method, combines the historical operation data, environmental parameters, and load changes of the main unit group, establishes a prediction model of the equipment operation status, and calculates the probability of a reverse fault occurring in the future; the remote data synchronization module is connected to the remote monitoring platform, and when an abnormal trend is detected, it sends an early warning signal to the management center through the network so that the operation personnel can intervene and maintain in advance.

[0113] The intelligent data analysis module of the host computer monitoring system realizes in-depth analysis of the operation status of the main unit group through the coordinated work of data acquisition, trend analysis, and remote data synchronization, and provides early warning before a fault occurs to ensure the stability and security of the system. This module can obtain real-time data from the wireless receiving unit, and at the same time combine historical data for trend modeling, enabling the monitoring system to not only have the ability to monitor real-time status, but also predict possible future anomalies so that the management personnel can take countermeasures in advance.

[0114] The data acquisition unit is connected to the wireless receiving unit and records various operation parameters of the main unit group in real time, including the rotation speed of the water pump shaft, forward and reverse states, load current, environmental temperature, and other key operating condition parameters. These data will be preliminarily processed after acquisition, including data format conversion, denoising, and outlier screening, to ensure the high accuracy and availability of the stored data. The processed data will be stored in the local database and archived at set time intervals, enabling the system to retain the operation history of the main unit group for a long time for subsequent analysis and fault tracing.

[0115] The core of the trend analysis algorithm is based on the multivariate time series analysis method, and a prediction model of the operation status of the main engine group is established by using the data collected in the long term. The algorithm first extracts features from the historical data, including variables such as operation stability, load fluctuation, and environmental impact factors, and combines the working mode of the main engine group to calculate the characteristic curve during normal operation. On this basis, the system can monitor the deviation between the current operation status and the prediction model in real time. When short-term fluctuations are detected, the system will make a preliminary judgment in combination with the load change to avoid false alarms. If the system identifies an abnormal trend in the current operation status, such as abnormal motor load, increased reverse signal fluctuation, or significant environmental factor influence, it will evaluate the probability of a future reverse fault according to the calculation results. Once the prediction model calculates that the probability of a reverse fault exceeds the set threshold, the system will trigger an early warning signal in advance without waiting for the actual occurrence of the fault, enabling the operators to intervene in advance and take preventive maintenance measures.

[0116] The remote data synchronization module is used to synchronize the analysis results in the local database to the remote monitoring platform, enabling the management center to always grasp the operation status of each main engine group and perform remote intervention when necessary. This module establishes a connection with the cloud monitoring platform through a secure data communication protocol to ensure the stability and security of data transmission. When the system detects an abnormal trend, the remote data synchronization module will automatically send an early warning signal to the management center, accompanied by detailed operation logs and trend analysis reports, enabling the management personnel to view the detailed data from the remote terminal and make maintenance decisions based on the historical trends. In addition, the remote data synchronization module also has a real-time synchronization mode and a batch synchronization mode. Under normal circumstances, it uses low-bandwidth periodic data transmission, and when an abnormality occurs, it will immediately switch to the real-time synchronization mode to ensure that key data can be quickly delivered to the management center and ensure timely response.

[0117] The overall design of the intelligent data analysis module enables the upper computer monitoring system to not only have the ability of real-time monitoring, but also provide a forward-looking early warning mechanism, enabling faults to be detected before they occur, and through the remote data synchronization function, enabling the management personnel to always grasp the operation situation, and maintaining the safety and stability of the equipment even in the case of unattended operation.

[0118] Furthermore, the trend analysis algorithm is specifically used to execute the trend analysis algorithm, which adopts the dynamic weighted Bayesian state prediction method to analyze the historical operation data of the main engine group by multivariate time series, and combines the current environmental parameters and load changes to establish a fault prediction model based on probability reasoning. The trend analysis algorithm includes data preprocessing, state feature extraction, dynamic probability modeling, and anomaly discrimination stages;

[0119] Among them, in the data preprocessing stage, the operating status information of the main unit group is obtained from the data acquisition unit, including Hall sensor signals, load current, ambient temperature, and vibration amplitude. The low-pass filtering method is used to remove high-frequency noise to improve data stability; the data is normalized so that data with different dimensions can be analyzed under the same calculation framework, and the sliding window method is used to construct a historical data set;

[0120] In the data preprocessing stage, the system obtains the operating status information of the main unit group from the data acquisition unit, including physical quantities such as Hall sensor signals, load current, ambient temperature, and vibration amplitude, and preliminarily processes this data. First, the low-pass filtering method is used to remove high-frequency noise to eliminate the influence of external factors such as electromagnetic interference, mechanical vibration, and temperature change on signal stability. Subsequently, the system normalizes the data with different dimensions so that all physical quantities can be mapped to the same scale range to ensure the comparability between variables in the subsequent calculation process. The normalization method can adopt min-max normalization or Z-score standardization to adapt to different types of data distributions. In addition, in order to capture the short-term fluctuations and long-term trends of the data, the system uses the sliding window method to construct a historical data set, and each time window contains the operating status data of the past time steps, where generally ranges from 10 to 100 to ensure that the data covers a long enough time range for trend analysis.

[0121] In the state feature extraction stage, the change rates and accelerations of each variable are calculated, and a state feature vector is constructed based on the calculated data to characterize the change trend of the current operating state of the main unit group. Among them, the feature vector includes the first derivative, the second derivative, and the long-term trend decay term;

[0122] In the state feature extraction stage, the system calculates the change rates and accelerations of each variable to construct a feature vector that characterizes the current operating state of the main unit group. The feature vector includes multiple key parameters. Among them, the first derivative is used to measure the change trend of the signal, the second derivative is used to identify the acceleration change of the signal, and the long-term trend decay term is used to identify the overall evolution trend of the signal. These parameters can be calculated by numerical differentiation methods. For example, the first derivative is calculated by the finite difference method, and the second derivative is calculated by the second difference method. In addition, in order to enhance the ability to identify long-term trends, the system uses the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) method to make the contribution of recent data to trend analysis greater, while the influence of earlier data gradually decays.

[0123] In the dynamic probability modeling stage, a Bayesian hidden state model is used to calculate the failure probability. A Markov process is adopted to describe the transition of the main unit group state, and the probability distribution of the state transition matrix is estimated based on historical data;

[0124] In the dynamic probability modeling stage, the system uses a Bayesian hidden state model to calculate the failure probability. This model assumes that the operating state of the main unit group is a hidden variable that cannot be directly observed but can be indirectly inferred through sensor data. The state transition process is described by a Markov process, that is, the current state depends only on the previous state and not on earlier historical data. Based on historical data, the system estimates the probability distribution of the state transition matrix to describe the conversion rule of the main unit group between different operating states. For example, if the main unit group is in a high-load state for a long time, the probability of its entering the failure state will increase accordingly. To enhance the adaptability of the model, the system adopts a recursive Bayesian update method to enable the state transition matrix to be dynamically adjusted over time to reflect changes in the operating environment.

[0125] In the anomaly discrimination stage, according to Equation 4 below, calculate the probability of the main unit group experiencing a reverse failure within the next time steps :

[0126]

[0127] where represents the cumulative probability of a reverse failure occurring within the next time steps;

[0128] represents the predicted time step, in seconds (s), which is used to define the probability range for evaluating the occurrence of a reverse failure of the main unit group in the next seconds. The value of this parameter usually ranges from 10 to 300 to ensure that the warning time is early enough for managers to have sufficient time for intervention.

[0129] represents the total number of historical state data, that is, the number of historical time points used to calculate the current failure probability. Its unit is related to the sampling interval. For example, if the data acquisition frequency is 1 Hz, then it means using data from the past 100 seconds for calculation. This value usually ranges from 50 to 500 to balance the influence of short-term dynamic changes and long-term trends on failure prediction.

[0130] In the definite integral, represents the th timestamp of the historical state data, in seconds (s), that is, a certain moment in the past The time point corresponding to the collected operation status data of the host group. It is used to calculate the influence degree of historical data on the prediction of the current and future status. Represents the current time.

[0131] Represents the fault state, that is, the abnormal operation state identified in the sensor monitoring data.

[0132] Represents the host group at time The probability density of entering the fault state, calculated by the Bayesian state transition matrix and estimated through Monte Carlo sampling;

[0133] Is the dynamic weight of the historical state. The calculation method usually uses an exponential decay function to make the newer data have a greater impact, while the impact of the older data gradually decreases.

[0134] Is the exponential decay factor, with the unit of , and the typical value range is .

[0135] Is the trend influence factor, representing the influence of trend acceleration on fault prediction, with the unit of The reciprocal of, and the recommended value range is . Its function is to adjust the weight of acceleration on fault prediction to ensure that the host group can trigger an early warning when the acceleration suddenly changes.

[0136] Is the signal weighted decay factor, which controls the contribution degree of different variables to fault prediction, with the unit of , and the recommended value range is . This factor is used to balance the influence of different sensor signals. For example, the change in ambient temperature may have a relatively small impact on short-term prediction, so a larger decay factor should be used to make its weight lower, while the Hall sensor signal may be crucial for fault prediction, so a smaller decay factor is used to make its influence more lasting.

[0137] Represents the total number of variables used for trend acceleration correction, that is, the number of key sensor signals considered in trend analysis. For example, Hall sensor signal, load current, ambient temperature, vibration amplitude, etc. may all be included in the calculation. Its value usually ranges from 3 to 10, depending on the complexity of the system and the available data dimensions.

[0138] Represents the current time, that is, the moment when the system performs trend analysis and calculates the future fault probability, with the unit of seconds All calculations and predictions are based on which is the reference point of the current operating state of the system.

[0139] represents the time point when the th sensor signal had its most recent significant change (the change value exceeded the specified threshold), in seconds It is used to evaluate the impact of a specific signal on the current prediction, usually by detecting the change in the first or second derivative of the signal. For example, if the load current has an obvious fluctuation at a certain moment, that moment will be recorded and affect the current trend analysis.

[0140] represents the second derivative of the th sensor signal, that is, the acceleration change rate of the signal, in . It is used to measure the sudden change in the acceleration of the signal. For example, a rapid change in the load current or vibration amplitude may indicate an impending mechanical failure. The second derivative is usually calculated by the finite difference method. For example:

[0141]

[0142] where is the data sampling time interval, usually between 0.1 and 1 second. A larger second derivative means there are drastic fluctuations in the signal, which may indicate a risk of system failure.

[0143] When exceeds the set threshold (usually set between 0.6 and 0.9), a warning signal is triggered and an alarm message is sent to the remote data synchronization module so that the management personnel can take preventive measures in time to prevent the occurrence of the reverse rotation failure of the main unit group.

[0144] The automatic door closing control mechanism 105 includes a relay control unit and a hydraulic actuator. After receiving the door closing instruction sent by the upper computer monitoring system, the relay control unit drives the hydraulic actuator to make the quick gate perform the door closing operation to prevent equipment damage or runaway accidents caused by the reverse rotation failure of the main unit group.

[0145] The automatic door-closing control mechanism 105 is used to receive the door-closing instruction sent by the upper computer monitoring system 104 when a reverse fault occurs in the main unit group, and quickly execute the door-closing operation of the quick gate to prevent equipment damage or runaway accidents caused by the reverse fault of the main unit group. This mechanism consists of a relay control unit, a hydraulic actuator, a quick gate, and related signal feedback circuits, ensuring that it can quickly respond after receiving the fault instruction and provide a status confirmation signal after completing the door-closing operation, so that the upper computer monitoring system can monitor the door-closing execution situation in real time.

[0146] As the core component of the entire automatic door-closing control mechanism, the relay control unit is responsible for receiving the door-closing instruction sent by the upper computer monitoring system and controlling the hydraulic actuator to perform the corresponding door-closing action. When the upper computer monitoring system detects a reverse fault in the main unit group, it will send a trigger signal to the relay control unit. After receiving the signal, the relay immediately closes its output circuit and provides a control signal to the hydraulic actuator to start the closing process of the quick gate. This relay unit uses a highly reliable electromagnetic relay, and its contacts are specially designed to withstand high-frequency operations and long-term loads, ensuring that the system will not affect the execution of the door-closing operation due to relay contact adhesion or failure during long-term operation.

[0147] The hydraulic actuator is the power source for driving the quick gate to perform the door-closing action. This mechanism includes a hydraulic pump, an oil cylinder, a control valve, and related pipelines. The hydraulic pump is started under the control of the relay control unit and provides high-pressure oil to the oil cylinder through the hydraulic pipeline, pushing the piston of the oil cylinder to move, thereby driving the quick gate to perform the closing operation. To ensure the smoothness and stability of the door-closing process, this hydraulic actuator uses a proportional control valve to precisely control the door-closing speed of the gate by adjusting the hydraulic flow rate, avoiding affecting the normal operation of the system due to too fast or too slow door-closing actions. In addition, this mechanism is also equipped with a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor to real-time monitor the working state of the hydraulic system and feedback the data to the upper computer monitoring system, so that the operating personnel can always grasp the operating situation of the hydraulic actuator.

[0148] The quick gate is the final execution component of the door-closing control. It is installed at the inlet and outlet positions of the main unit group and is used to quickly close after detecting a reverse fault to prevent water flow impact or impeller runaway caused by the reverse rotation of the water pump. This gate is made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength metal materials and can withstand water flow impact and environmental loads during long-term operation. To ensure stable door-closing operation under various working conditions, the transmission mechanism of the quick gate uses a low-friction design and is directly driven by a hydraulic cylinder, making the door-closing action have high reliability and response speed. In case of an emergency, the system also supports the manual door-closing function. When the automatic control system fails, the operating personnel can manually operate the valve to achieve quick door-closing to ensure equipment safety.

[0149] The automatic door-closing control mechanism also includes a status feedback circuit, which is used to provide a status confirmation signal to the host monitoring system after the door-closing operation is completed, so as to ensure that the control system can accurately judge the actual operating status of the gate. The status feedback signal is jointly provided by the limit switch and the pressure sensor. When the fast gate is completely closed, the limit switch contact closes, sending a door-closing completion signal to the relay control unit. The relay control unit then sends a status update message to the host monitoring system, indicating that the door-closing operation has been successfully executed. If the hydraulic actuator fails to complete the door-closing action within the preset time, the system will trigger an alarm and display abnormal door-closing information on the monitoring interface to remind the operator to check the equipment status and take corresponding measures.

[0150] The design of this automatic door-closing control mechanism ensures that when a reverse fault occurs in the main unit group, the system can quickly take protective measures, effectively reduce the risk of equipment damage, and improve the overall operating safety and stability. Through the coordinated work of the relay control unit, hydraulic actuator, fast gate and status feedback circuit, the system can execute the door-closing operation in the shortest time and provide reliable status feedback to ensure the safety and controllability of the pump station operation.

[0151] Furthermore, the automatic door-closing control mechanism includes a feedback confirmation unit, which is composed of a door-closing position detection sensor, a feedback signal processing circuit and an alarm trigger unit, and is used to detect the actual operating status of the fast gate and trigger a secondary door-closing operation or an alarm signal in case of abnormality;

[0152] Among them, the door-closing position detection sensor is installed at the key moving part of the fast gate and is used to trigger a feedback signal when the gate reaches the fully closed position;

[0153] After receiving the sensor signal, the feedback signal processing circuit discriminates the position status of the gate and sends a door-closing completion signal to the host monitoring system; if the door-closing completion signal is not detected within the preset time, the feedback signal processing circuit controls the alarm trigger unit to make the warning light flash, simultaneously trigger the buzzer to sound an alarm, and send a secondary door-closing instruction to the relay control unit to try to execute the door-closing operation again.

[0154] The automatic door-closing control mechanism realizes precise detection of the operating status of the fast gate through the feedback confirmation unit, and takes corresponding measures when the door-closing is not fully executed or abnormal conditions occur, so as to ensure that the main unit group can be protected in a timely and effective manner when a reverse fault occurs. This feedback confirmation unit is composed of a door-closing position detection sensor, a feedback signal processing circuit and an alarm trigger unit, and works together to provide real-time status monitoring, automatic compensation control and abnormal alarm functions to ensure the reliability and safety of the door-closing operation.

[0155] The door drop position detection sensor is installed at the key moving part of the fast gate. Contact or non-contact detection elements such as limit switches, photoelectric sensors or magnetic induction sensors are usually selected to monitor the position status of the gate in real time. When the fast gate is fully closed, the sensor generates a feedback signal, which is converted into a standard electrical signal through a preset trigger circuit and sent to the feedback signal processing circuit for further analysis. In order to prevent false triggering, the sensor has an anti-jitter function, that is, a short-term signal stability test will be performed when the gate is close to the closed position. Only after confirming that the gate is fully closed and stable, will the door drop completion signal be sent, thereby avoiding misjudgment caused by vibration or slight position deviation.

[0156] After receiving the signal from the door position detection sensor, the feedback signal processing circuit first performs signal filtering and state discrimination to determine the current operating status of the gate. If it is detected that the gate is completely closed, the processing circuit will send a door completion signal to the upper computer monitoring system, so that the system can record the successful door closing status and release the alarm. If the door completion signal is not detected within the preset time, the system will determine that the door closing operation may have a fault. Possible situations include insufficient action of the hydraulic actuator, mechanical stagnation, external interference and other abnormal situations. In this case, the feedback signal processing circuit will immediately execute the secondary door closing logic and send a new door closing command to the hydraulic actuator through the relay control unit, so that the gate performs a secondary door closing operation to compensate for possible execution deviations and ensure that the door can be successfully completed.

[0157] If the second door drop operation is still not completed, the feedback signal processing circuit will trigger the alarm mechanism and start the multi-level alarm strategy through the alarm trigger unit. First, the warning light flashes to provide a visual warning, and the buzzer emits an intermittent alarm sound to remind the operator to pay attention to the abnormal gate status. If the fault state continues and is not resolved, the system will further upgrade the alarm level, causing the warning light to flash at a higher frequency, and the buzzer to emit a higher volume of continuous alarm sound to ensure that the operator can detect the problem in time and take necessary measures. In addition, the alarm information will also be sent to the host computer monitoring system synchronously, so that the operator can view the specific fault information on the remote monitoring interface and decide whether manual intervention is required.

[0158] In order to improve the reliability of the system, the feedback confirmation unit also supports a self-checking function, that is, during the door-dropping process, the system will regularly detect the stability and consistency of the sensor signal. If the signal changes abnormally or is lost in a short period of time, the system will record the abnormality and provide corresponding fault diagnosis information. In addition, in order to ensure the safety of door-dropping control, the system also has a manual reset function. After confirming the status of the equipment, the operator can manually release the alarm through the operation interface or the on-site control button, and re-execute the door-dropping operation to prevent false alarms caused by sensor misjudgment or external interference.

[0159] The design of the feedback confirmation unit enables the automatic door closing control mechanism to not only accurately identify the operating state of the fast gate but also automatically perform compensation operations in case of abnormalities, ensuring the stability and reliability of the door closing execution. Meanwhile, through a multi-level alarm strategy, the system can timely remind the operating personnel to pay attention to potential faults and provide options for remote monitoring and manual intervention, ensuring that the main unit can be effectively protected in case of reverse faults and avoiding equipment damage or safety accidents caused by failed door closing operations.

[0160] Furthermore, the automatic door closing control mechanism includes a damping adjustment unit, which consists of a fluid buffer, a pressure sensor, and a control valve. The fluid buffer is connected to the hydraulic actuator and is used to provide adjustable damping during the door closing process to prevent the gate from overshooting or mechanical shock due to inertia. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure changes in the hydraulic system in real time and provide feedback signals to the control valve. The control valve is used to adjust the damping intensity of the fluid buffer according to the door closing speed and system pressure, enabling the door closing process to respond quickly in case of emergencies.

[0161] The damping adjustment unit of the automatic door closing control mechanism, through the coordinated work of the fluid buffer, the pressure sensor, and the control valve, enables the door closing process of the fast gate to not only meet the rapid closing requirements in emergency situations but also avoid mechanical shock or overshoot phenomena caused by inertia, thereby improving the operating stability and service life of the system. The design of this unit makes the door closing operation not only have a high response speed but also take into account smoothness, making it suitable for working conditions with different load conditions and environmental changes.

[0162] As the core component of the damping adjustment unit, the fluid buffer is connected to the hydraulic actuator to provide adaptive adjustment of the buffering effect during the door closing process. This fluid buffer usually uses hydraulic oil as the working medium and controls the flow rate of the hydraulic oil through internal throttle holes or variable flow channels, thereby adjusting the damping force of the door closing action. In the initial stage of door closing, the fluid buffer allows the hydraulic oil to flow quickly, enabling the gate to descend rapidly. While approaching the final closing position, the buffer gradually increases the resistance to reduce the impact speed of the gate and avoid mechanical shock or jamming phenomena. The structure of this buffer has been optimized to maintain a stable and effective buffering effect under different hydraulic pressures and also has an anti-leakage design to ensure the reliability of long-term use.

[0163] The pressure sensor is installed at key positions in the hydraulic system to monitor the pressure changes of the hydraulic oil in real time and transmit the detected data to the control valve for precise adjustment. This sensor can sense the transient pressure changes in the hydraulic system during the gate closing process and, in combination with the operating state of the fluid buffer, determine whether the system needs to adjust the damping force. For example, during the gate closing process, if a rapid decrease in the hydraulic system pressure is detected, it indicates that the gate closing speed may be too fast, and the system may need to increase the buffer resistance to prevent damage to the gate due to overshoot. Conversely, if the hydraulic pressure is high and the rate of decrease is slow, it may mean that the damping is too large, affecting the response speed of the gate closing. At this time, the system will appropriately reduce the damping to accelerate the gate closing operation.

[0164] By receiving the feedback signal from the pressure sensor, the control valve adjusts the damping intensity of the fluid buffer in real time, enabling the gate closing process to adapt to different operating environments. This control valve has an adjustable flow control channel, and by changing the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, it adjusts the buffer force during the gate descent. In an emergency situation, such as when the upper computer monitoring system detects a reverse rotation failure of the main unit and issues a gate closing command, the control valve will immediately switch to the fast response mode, putting the hydraulic actuator in the minimum damping state to ensure that the gate can be quickly closed, thereby preventing the expansion of the accident. In the normal gate closing mode, the control valve adjusts the damping of the buffer step by step according to the feedback data from the pressure sensor, ensuring that the gate remains stable during the descent and avoiding strong impacts when finally closed.

[0165] Through the coordinated adjustment of the fluid buffer, pressure sensor, and control valve, the damping adjustment unit can achieve intelligent buffer control during the gate closing process, enabling the system to provide both fast response in emergency situations and stable and reliable mechanical protection during daily operation. This dynamic adjustment method enables the automatic gate closing control mechanism to adapt to various working conditions, ensuring accurate and stable gate closing actions, while reducing mechanical wear and improving the service life and safety of the system.

[0166] Although this application is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A forward and reverse warning and door-closing control system for a main engine group, characterized in that, Including: A forward and reverse monitoring module for monitoring the rotation direction of the water pump shaft of the main unit group. The forward and reverse monitoring module includes a Hall dual-channel sensor and a flexible toothed magnetic steel strip installed on the water pump large shaft bracket. The Hall dual-channel sensor generates corresponding forward or reverse digital signals by detecting the signal phase difference of the flexible toothed magnetic steel strip, and transmits the digital signal to the wireless transmission module; A wireless transmission module, including a wireless transmitting unit and a wireless receiving unit. The wireless transmitting unit is connected to the forward and reverse monitoring module and is used to wirelessly transmit the forward or reverse digital signal to a remote wireless receiving unit. After receiving the signal, the wireless receiving unit transmits the signal to the host computer monitoring system and outputs it to the visual warning light device at the same time; A visual warning light device, connected to the wireless receiving unit, and controlling the state of the warning light based on the received digital signal; A host computer monitoring system, connected to the wireless receiving unit, and receiving the forward or reverse signal of the main unit group through the PLC control module, displaying the running state of the main unit group in real time on the monitoring interface, and sending a door closing instruction to the automatic door closing control mechanism when detecting a reverse fault of the main unit group; An automatic door closing control mechanism, including a relay control unit and a hydraulic actuator. After receiving the door closing instruction sent by the host computer monitoring system, the relay control unit drives the hydraulic actuator to make the quick gate perform the door closing operation; Among them, the automatic door closing control mechanism includes a damping adjustment unit. The damping adjustment unit consists of a fluid buffer, a pressure sensor, and a control valve. The fluid buffer is connected to the hydraulic actuator and is used to provide adjustable damping during the door closing process to prevent the gate from overshooting or mechanical shock due to inertia. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure change in the hydraulic system in real time and provide a feedback signal to the control valve. The control valve is used to adjust the damping intensity of the fluid buffer according to the door closing speed and system pressure, so that the door closing process can respond quickly in case of emergency.

2. The host group forward and reverse warning and door closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forward and reverse monitoring module includes a signal self-calibration unit. The signal self-calibration unit includes a data acquisition module, a threshold adjustment circuit, and an error correction algorithm execution module. Among them, the data acquisition module is used to continuously record the detection signals of the Hall dual-channel sensor during the operation of the main unit group and store them in the local storage unit; The threshold adjustment circuit calculates the signal fluctuation range based on the historical signal intensity recorded by the data acquisition module and dynamically adjusts the signal threshold of the Hall dual-channel sensor to adapt to the rotation state of the water pump shaft under different load conditions; The error correction algorithm execution module uses adaptive filtering technology and combines the time series analysis of the sensor signals to filter possible signal interference or mutant data to ensure the accuracy of forward and reverse discrimination and reduce misjudgment caused by signal fluctuation or external interference.

3. The main unit positive and reverse warning and door closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless transmitting unit and the wireless receiving unit of the wireless transmission module are implemented by LORA communication technology and include a signal enhancement unit and an interference shielding circuit; Among them, the signal enhancement unit includes a high-gain antenna and a signal amplification circuit. The high-gain antenna can expand the coverage range of the wireless signal, enabling the monitoring signal of the main unit group to be stably transmitted over a relatively long distance; the signal amplification circuit is used to perform dynamic gain adjustment on low-power signals, so that the signal can still maintain strong signal quality when penetrating obstacles or in a high-humidity environment; The interference shielding circuit consists of a low-pass filter and a signal correction module. The low-pass filter is used to block high-frequency electromagnetic interference and prevent the signal noise of external devices from affecting data transmission. The signal correction module performs packet loss compensation or error data recovery based on the integrity analysis of the received signal, improving the anti-interference ability of wireless communication.

4. The warning and door-closing control system for the forward and reverse rotation of the main unit group according to claim 1, wherein The visual warning light device includes a multi-level alarm mode, which is composed of an alarm signal control circuit, a warning light drive module, and a buzzer control unit, and is used to automatically adjust the alarm strategy according to the severity and duration of the reverse fault of the main unit group; Among them, the alarm signal control circuit receives the forward and reverse signals from the wireless receiving unit, and records the fault duration through the built-in time calculation module. In the case of short-term reverse, it controls the warning light to stably display the second color to provide a general visual prompt; when the fault duration exceeds the preset threshold, the warning light enters the flashing mode and adjusts the flashing frequency to enhance the obviousness of the fault prompt; when the fault duration reaches the emergency level, the warning light flashes at a high frequency, and controls the buzzer to emit sounds in a variable-frequency mode, and prompts the operator of possible emergency situations in different audio modes.

5. The host group forward and reverse warning and door closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper computer monitoring system includes an intelligent data analysis module, which is composed of a data acquisition unit, a trend analysis algorithm, and a remote data synchronization module, and is used to perform trend analysis based on historical operation data and real-time status data, and trigger an early warning signal in case of anomalies; Among them, the data acquisition unit is connected to the wireless receiving unit, records the operation parameters of the main unit group in real time, and stores them in the local database; the trend analysis algorithm is based on the multivariate time series analysis method, combines the historical operation data, environmental parameters, and load changes of the main unit group, establishes a prediction model of the equipment operation status, and calculates the probability of future reverse faults; the remote data synchronization module is connected to the remote monitoring platform, and when an abnormal trend is found, it sends an early warning signal to the management center through the network, so that the operator can perform intervention and maintenance in advance.

6. The main unit positive and reverse warning and door closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic door closing control mechanism includes a feedback confirmation unit, which is composed of a door closing position detection sensor, a feedback signal processing circuit, and an alarm trigger unit, and is used to detect the actual operation status of the fast gate and trigger a secondary door closing operation or an alarm signal in case of anomalies; Among them, the door closing position detection sensor is installed at the key moving parts of the fast gate and is used to trigger a feedback signal when the gate reaches the fully closed position; After receiving the sensor signal, the feedback signal processing circuit discriminates the position state of the gate and sends a signal indicating that the gate closing is completed to the host monitoring system. If the signal indicating that the gate closing is completed is not detected within the preset time, the feedback signal processing circuit controls the alarm trigger unit to make the warning light flash, trigger the buzzer to sound an alarm, and send a command for closing the gate again to the relay control unit to attempt to perform the gate closing operation again.

7. The warning system for the forward and reverse rotation of the main unit group and the door closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forward and reverse rotation monitoring module includes a temperature compensation unit. The temperature compensation unit includes a temperature sensor and a compensation calculation module. The temperature sensor is installed near the Hall dual-channel sensor and is used to detect changes in the ambient temperature. The compensation calculation module dynamically corrects the signal output of the Hall dual-channel sensor based on the detection result of the temperature sensor to eliminate the signal drift of the Hall sensor caused by temperature changes.

8. The main unit group forward and reverse warning and door closing control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The error correction algorithm execution module is specifically used for: In the signal noise suppression stage, based on the following formula 1, the signal of the Hall dual-channel sensor is dynamically adjusted based on adaptive non-linear gain filtering: Among them, is the filtered signal; is the original signal of the Hall sensor in the signal noise suppression stage; is the noise term; is the adaptive gain factor, which is calculated according to the following formula 2: Among them, is a parameter for adjusting the filtering and smoothing degree of the signal; is the current time when the sensor measurement signal; is the previous time when the sensor measurement signal; is the noise suppression gain adjustment coefficient; is the noise standard deviation; is a small constant to avoid the denominator tending to zero; In the trend compensation stage, compensation is performed according to the following formula 3 to dynamically adjust the sensor signal to make it approach the actual operating state: Among them, is the corrected signal after trend compensation; is the original signal of the Hall sensor in the trend compensation stage; is the first-order trend compensation coefficient; is the second-order trend compensation coefficient; is the long-term signal offset correction coefficient; is the exponential decay factor; represents the current time; represents at time the Hall sensor measurement signal at that moment.

9. The main engine group forward and reverse warning and door closing control system according to claim 5, characterized in that The trend analysis algorithm is specifically used to execute the trend analysis algorithm. The trend analysis algorithm uses the dynamic weighted Bayesian state prediction method to analyze the historical operation data of the main unit group with multi-variable time series, and combines the current environmental parameters and load changes to establish a fault prediction model based on probabilistic inference. The trend analysis algorithm includes data preprocessing, state feature extraction, dynamic probability modeling, and anomaly discrimination stages; Among them, in the data preprocessing stage, the operating state information of the main unit group is obtained from the data acquisition unit, including Hall sensor signals, load current, ambient temperature, and vibration amplitude. The low-pass filtering method is used to remove high-frequency noise to improve data stability; the data is normalized so that data with different dimensions can be analyzed in the same calculation framework, and the sliding window method is used to construct the historical data set; In the state feature extraction stage, the change rate and acceleration of each variable are calculated, and a state feature vector is constructed based on the calculated data to represent the change trend of the current operating state of the main unit group. Among them, the feature vector includes the first derivative, the second derivative, and the long-term trend attenuation term; In the dynamic probability modeling stage, the Bayesian hidden state model is used to calculate the fault probability, the Markov process is used to describe the state transition of the main unit group, and the probability distribution of the state transition matrix is estimated based on historical data; In the abnormal discrimination stage, according to the following formula 4, calculate the probability that the main unit will have a reverse fault within the next number of time steps : Among them, represents the cumulative probability of a reversal fault occurring within the next time steps; represents the fault state, represents the probability density of entering the fault state at time which is calculated by the Bayesian state transition matrix and estimated through Monte Carlo sampling; represents the timestamp of the th historical state data; is the dynamic weight of the historical state; is the exponential decay factor; is the trend influence factor; is the signal weighted decay factor; represents the total number of variables used for trend acceleration correction, i.e., the number of key sensor signals considered in trend analysis; represents the current time; represents the time point when the th sensor signal last had a significant change; represents the th sensor signal; When exceeds the set threshold, a warning signal is triggered, and an alarm message is sent to the remote data synchronization module so that the management personnel can take preventive measures in time to prevent the occurrence of the main unit group reverse fault.

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