Hub bearing structure and method for improving overload impact

Abstract

The invention discloses a hub bearing structure and method for improving overload impact. A bearing structure composed of a bearing outer ring, a steel ball and a bearing inner ring is installed outside the hub flange, the steel ball is located in a ball groove arc groove formed by combining the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring, and the steel ball makes contact with the surface of the hub flange to form an impact force load stress point. A small gap structure used for active interference when the hub bearing structure is impacted is arranged between the bearing outer ring and the hub flange. When the structure encounters the impact working condition, the impact load borne by the steel balls in the bearings is reduced through interference between the hub bearings, the structure is simple, implementation is easy, and the impact force of the steel balls of the bearings can be effectively reduced when the brake load of the automobile disc brake is too large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of automobile disc brakes, and in particular relates to a hub bearing structure and method for improving overload impact. Background Art

[0002] The automotive industry is developing rapidly today, and the industry's requirements for quality technology are increasing. Among them, the load impact resistance of the wheel hub bearing of the disc brake is a very important part of the entire braking system. In order to cope with the impact resistance of the wheel hub bearing under abnormal working conditions, the product structure is optimized and improved. This issue is gradually being paid attention to by the industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to improve and solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a hub bearing structure and method for improving overload impact in an automobile brake, which is suitable for improving the impact resistance of the automobile disc brake hub bearing under abnormal working conditions and reducing the physical damage of the load to the hub bearing.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] 1. A wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact:

[0006] The structure includes a bearing outer ring, a wheel hub flange, a steel ball and a bearing inner ring. A bearing structure consisting of a bearing outer ring, a steel ball and a bearing inner ring is installed outside the wheel hub flange, wherein the steel ball is located in a ball track arc groove formed by the combination of the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring, and the steel ball and the wheel hub flange surface are in contact to form an impact load stress point; a small gap structure is provided between the bearing outer ring and the wheel hub flange for active interference when the wheel hub bearing structure is impacted.

[0007] The small gap structure of the hub bearing structure reduces the axial impact load on the steel balls inside the bearing through active interference between the hub flange and the bearing outer ring. At the same time, the inner ring of the bearing and the hub flange cooperate to limit the radial load on the steel balls in the ball track arc groove.

[0008] The bearing inner ring is embedded in the annular groove at the front end of the hub flange, and a bearing outer ring is provided between the bearing inner ring and the hub flange outer ring. The front part of the bearing outer ring is located outside the bearing inner ring and a first ball track arc groove is provided between the bearing inner ring, and the rear part of the bearing outer ring is located outside the rear end of the hub flange and a second ball track arc groove is provided between the hub flange. Two steel balls are respectively arranged in the first ball track arc groove and the second ball track arc groove, and a small gap structure is provided between the rear part of the bearing outer ring and the rear end of the hub flange.

[0009] An outer flange is arranged at the rear end of the hub flange, and the front step of the outer flange is arranged as an annular wedge surface inclined outwardly. The rear end face of the bearing outer ring is processed into an annular end face inclined inwardly. The annular wedge surface at the rear end of the hub flange and the annular end face at the rear end of the bearing outer ring are parallel to each other, and a small gap is formed therebetween to reduce the impact load on the steel balls inside the bearing.

[0010] The angle between the annular wedge surface of the hub flange / the annular end surface of the bearing outer ring and the axial direction of the hub flange is 60-70°.

[0011] When there is no impact or external force, the gap distance of the small gap structure between the bearing outer ring and the hub flange is λ=0.2-0.3 mm.

[0012] The load impact force F2 between the annular wedge surface of the hub flange and the annular end surface of the bearing outer ring when subjected to impact interference is perpendicular to their respective surfaces and parallel to the load impact force F1 between the steel ball and the hub flange.

[0013] The wheel hub bearing structure is assembled with the steering knuckle through the bearing mounting bolts and the bearing mounting bolt holes, and is assembled with the brake disc through the wheel hub flange bolts.

[0014] The hub flange is fixedly mounted on the brake disc via hub flange bolts, and the bearing outer ring is fixedly mounted on the steering knuckle via bearing mounting bolt holes and bearing mounting bolts.

[0015] 2. A method for improving overload impact of a brake of a hub bearing structure, the method is specifically as follows:

[0016] When the wheel hub bearing structure is impacted, the outer ring of the bearing moves backward and collides with the wheel hub flange, causing interference contact between the annular end face at the rear of the outer ring of the bearing and the annular wedge surface at the rear end of the wheel hub flange, thereby causing interference in the small gap structure between the outer ring of the bearing and the wheel hub flange; and the direction of the load impact force F2 of the interference slope is perpendicular to the interference slope and parallel to the load impact force F1 between the steel ball and the second ball track arc groove of the wheel hub flange, thereby preventing the steel ball from being damaged by impact and extrusion and reducing its service life.

[0017] The wheel hub bearing assembly described in the present invention is composed of a wheel hub and a bearing. Under abnormal vehicle operating conditions, the brake bearing steel balls carry too much load, which can easily cause the mechanical performance of the wheel hub bearing to decline and the service life to be reduced. In view of such abnormal operating conditions, the wheel hub bearing assembly of the present invention is equipped with a small gap structure, which can reduce the impact load on the steel balls inside the bearings through the interference between the wheel hub bearings when encountering impact conditions. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to implement, and can effectively reduce the impact force of the bearing steel balls when the braking load of the automobile disc brake is too much.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement and assemble with parts, has strong load impact resistance and durability, and can prevent the steel ball from being subjected to excessive impact force under abnormal impact conditions, thereby reducing the service life of the wheel hub bearing and avoiding poor overall performance of the braking system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the parts structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A detailed enlarged view of the part B.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A detailed enlarged view of the part C.

[0023] Figure 4 This is the CAE analysis diagram of the structure of the present invention subjected to impact force and displacement.

[0024] Figure 5 This is the CAE impact force displacement analysis diagram of the structure before improvement.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram for explaining the external matching installation of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation and matching of external parts of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. bearing outer ring, 2. wheel hub flange, 3. steel ball, 4. bearing inner ring, 5. bearing mounting bolt hole, 6. wheel hub flange bolt, 7. bearing mounting bolt, 8. steering knuckle, 9. brake disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the structure includes a bearing outer ring 1, a hub flange 2, a steel ball 3 and a bearing inner ring 4, and a bearing structure consisting of the bearing outer ring 1, the steel ball 3 and the bearing inner ring 4 is installed outside the hub flange 2, wherein the steel ball 3 is in a ball track arc groove formed by the combination of the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 4, and the steel ball 3 and the hub flange 2 are in contact with each other to form an impact load bearing point; Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a small gap structure is provided between the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2 for actively interfering when the bearing outer ring 1 of the hub bearing structure is impacted. The small gap structure protects the steel ball 3 when subjected to impact load, thereby improving the service life and stability.

[0030] The small clearance structure of the hub bearing structure reduces the axial impact load on the steel ball 3 inside the bearing through the active interference between the hub flange 2 and the bearing outer ring 1. At the same time, the bearing inner ring 4 and the hub flange 2 cooperate to limit the radial load on the steel ball 3 in the ball track arc groove.

[0031] The bearing inner ring 4 is embedded in the annular groove at the front end of the hub flange 2. The bearing inner ring 4 and the outer ring of the hub flange 2 are provided with a bearing outer ring 1. The front part of the bearing outer ring 1 covers the first ball track arc groove outside the bearing inner ring 4 and between the bearing inner ring 4. The rear part of the bearing outer ring 1 covers the second ball track arc groove outside the rear end of the hub flange 2 and between the hub flange 2. Two steel balls 3 are respectively arranged in the first ball track arc groove and the second ball track arc groove. A small gap structure is provided between the rear part of the bearing outer ring 1 and the rear end of the hub flange 2. The small gap structure is used for impact protection of the steel balls 3 in the second ball track arc groove.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an outer flange is provided at the rear end of the hub flange 2, and the front step of the outer flange is set as an annular wedge surface inclined outwardly, and the rear end face of the bearing outer ring 1 is processed into an annular end face inclined inwardly, and the annular wedge surface at the rear end of the hub flange 2 and the annular end face at the rear end of the bearing outer ring 1 are parallel to each other, and a small gap is formed therebetween for reducing the axial and radial combined impact loads on the steel balls 3 inside the bearing.

[0033] When the bearing outer ring 1 of the wheel hub bearing structure is impacted, the bearing outer ring 1 moves backward and collides with the wheel hub flange 2, that is, the annular end face at the rear of the bearing outer ring 1 collides with the annular wedge face at the rear end of the wheel hub flange 2 and closely forms an interference slope, thereby causing interference in the small gap structure between the bearing outer ring 1 and the wheel hub flange 2, thereby reducing the load impact force F1 under abnormal working conditions caused by interference, thereby protecting the steel ball 3 from deformation.

[0034] The angle between the annular wedge surface of the hub flange 2 / the annular end surface of the bearing outer ring 1 and the axial direction of the hub flange 2 is 60~70°, that is, the interference bevel angle α of the small gap structure between the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2 is 60~70°, which can be specifically determined based on the relationship between the vehicle rated load, brake braking force, and wheel center of gravity.

[0035] When there is no impact or external force, under normal conditions, the interference gap distance of the small gap structure between the annular end face of the bearing outer ring 1 and the annular wedge surface of the hub flange 2 is λ=0.2~0.3mm, and the interference distance λ is determined according to the interference bevel angle α and the design structure matching relationship of the hub flange 2. The larger the interference bevel angle α, the smaller the interference distance λ. The interference distance λ can also be adjusted by adjusting the interference bevel angle α.

[0036] The direction of the load impact force F2 between the annular wedge surface of the hub flange 2 / the annular end surface of the bearing outer ring 1 when subjected to impact interference is perpendicular to their respective surfaces, that is, the direction of the load impact force F2 between the small gap structure of the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2 when subjected to impact interference is perpendicular to the interference inclined surface formed by the interference between the annular wedge surface and the annular end surface, and is parallel to the load impact force F1 between the steel ball 3 and the second ball track arc groove of the hub flange 2.

[0037] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the steering knuckle 8 is assembled on the outside of the wheel hub bearing structure through the bearing mounting bolts 7 and the bearing mounting bolt holes 5, and the brake disc 9 is assembled through the wheel hub flange bolts 6.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the hub flange 2 is fixedly mounted on the brake disc 9 of the automobile brake by the hub flange bolts 6 which are evenly distributed in the circumference, and the bearing outer ring 1 is fixedly mounted on the steering knuckle 8 of the automobile brake by the bearing mounting bolt holes 5 and the bearing mounting bolts 7. The bearing mounting bolts 7 pass through the bearing mounting bolt holes 5 and are threadedly connected to the threaded holes of the steering knuckle 8.

[0039] In the initial state, the first ball track arc groove and the second ball track arc groove are filled with oil. At this time, the steel balls 3 in the first ball track arc groove and the second ball track arc groove can move freely. The steel balls 3 in the first ball track arc groove are respectively clearance-matched with the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 4, and the steel balls 3 in the second ball track arc groove are respectively clearance-matched with the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2.

[0040] When the wheel hub bearing structure is impacted, the bearing outer ring 1 moves backward and collides with the wheel hub flange 2, so that the annular end face at the rear of the bearing outer ring 1 and the annular wedge face at the rear end of the wheel hub flange 2 interfere with each other to form an interference slope, thereby causing interference in the small gap structure between the bearing outer ring 1 and the wheel hub flange 2; at this time, the load impact force F2 of the interference slope is perpendicular to the interference slope and parallel to the load impact force F1 between the steel ball 3 and the second ball arc groove of the wheel hub flange 2, thereby preventing the steel ball 3 from being damaged by impact and extrusion and reducing its service life. At this time, the steel ball 3 in the second ball arc groove can still maintain a clearance fit with the bearing outer ring 1 and the wheel hub flange 2, and the steel ball 3 in the first ball arc groove can also be clearance fit with the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring 4 without being subjected to force.

[0041] The implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0042] When a car is driving on an uneven road or the load exceeds the rated weight of the vehicle, the disc brake hub bearing steel ball 3 is subjected to excessive load impact force F1. In order to reduce the load impact force F1, the load impact force F2 formed by the interference of the small gap between the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2 is used to disperse the automobile hub bearing load impact force F1, reduce the load impact force F1 of the steel ball 3, avoid damage to the hub bearing steel ball 3 caused by excessive impact force concentration, and extend the service life.

[0043] This product has passed the vehicle impact verification test, loading 1.0g axial and radial loads, and measuring the change in the small gap between the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2.

[0044] On the one hand, the structure of the present invention is subjected to computer-aided CAE impact force analysis test results as shown in Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the blue part is under extrusion stress, and the red part is under tensile stress. It can be seen from the figure that the area under impact force is mainly concentrated on the hub flange 2, and the bearing outer ring 1 and the steel ball 3 are almost not under extrusion or tensile stress. The force protection effect is good, and the protection effect of the steel ball 3 in the second ball track arc groove is obvious.

[0045] The results of the impact force analysis test of the conventional hub bearing structure without the innovative solution of the present invention are as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the extrusion stress area is concentrated on the bearing outer ring 1, and the tensile stress area is concentrated on the hub flange 2. The steel ball 3 in the second ball track arc groove is prone to deformation damage under both extrusion and tensile stress conditions, and the damage effect of the steel ball 3 is obvious.

[0046] From the comparison between the above two, it can be seen that the hub bearing structure for improving overload impact of the present invention has obvious impact resistance effect.

[0047] On the other hand, according to computer-aided CAE analysis and calculation, the minimum clearance distance λ between the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2 under a load of 1.0g is 1 1.0 =0.24mm.

[0048] According to the actual bench test results of the product, the minimum clearance distance λ between the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2 under a load of 1.0g 2 1.0 =0.22~0.27mm. Combined with CAE analysis and calculation, to avoid interference problems in actual application, λ 2 1.0 =0.27mm (Compare CAE analysis with actual bench results and take the maximum value).

[0049]

[0050] According to the measurement results, as shown in the table above, the minimum clearance distance λ between the bearing outer ring 1 and the hub flange 2 is3 1.0 =0.22~0.28mm, the damage degree of the hub bearing steel ball 3 is reduced by 57.28%, and the damage degree of the ball track arc groove caused by impact indentation is reduced by 70.84% ​​at most (the damage of the bearing outer ring 1 is reduced by 65.76%, and the damage of the hub flange 2 is reduced by 70.84%). It can be seen that the present invention has achieved obvious and significant progress and effect.

[0051] The above specific implementations are used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred implementation of the present invention, so any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bearing outer ring (1), a wheel hub flange (2), a steel ball (3) and a bearing inner ring (4); a bearing structure composed of the bearing outer ring (1), the steel ball (3) and the bearing inner ring (4) is installed outside the wheel hub flange (2); the steel ball (3) is located in a ball track arc groove formed by the combination of the bearing outer ring (1) and the bearing inner ring (4); and the steel ball (3) and the wheel hub flange (2) are in contact with each other to form an impact load bearing point; a small gap structure is provided between the bearing outer ring (1) and the wheel hub flange (2) for active interference when the wheel hub bearing structure is impacted.

2. A wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small clearance structure of the wheel hub bearing structure reduces the axial impact load on the steel ball (3) inside the bearing through active interference between the wheel hub flange (2) and the bearing outer ring (1), while the bearing inner ring (4) and the wheel hub flange (2) cooperate to limit the radial load on the steel ball (3) in the ball track arc groove.

3. The wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing inner ring (4) is embedded in the annular groove at the front end of the hub flange (2); the bearing inner ring (4) and the outer ring of the hub flange (2) are provided with a bearing outer ring (1); the front part of the bearing outer ring (1) is located outside the bearing inner ring (4) and a first ball arc groove is provided between the bearing inner ring (4); the rear part of the bearing outer ring (1) is located outside the rear end of the hub flange (2) and a second ball arc groove is provided between the hub flange (2); two steel balls (3) are arranged in the first ball arc groove and the second ball arc groove respectively; a small gap structure is provided between the rear part of the bearing outer ring (1) and the rear end of the hub flange (2).

4. A wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The rear end of the hub flange (2) is provided with an outer flange, and the front step of the outer flange is provided as an annular wedge surface inclined outwardly. The rear end face of the bearing outer ring (1) is processed into an annular end face inclined inwardly. The annular wedge surface at the rear end of the hub flange (2) and the annular end face at the rear end of the bearing outer ring (1) are parallel to each other, and a small gap is formed therebetween for reducing the impact load on the steel ball (3) inside the bearing.

5. The wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the annular wedge surface of the hub flange (2) / the annular end surface of the bearing outer ring (1) and the axial direction of the hub flange (2) is 60 to 70 degrees.

6. The wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: When not subject to impact and external force, the gap distance of the small gap structure between the bearing outer ring (1) and the hub flange (2) is λ=0.2-0.3 mm.

7. The small clearance hub bearing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The load impact force F2 between the annular wedge surface of the hub flange (2) and the annular end surface of the bearing outer ring (1) when subjected to impact interference is perpendicular to the respective surfaces and parallel to the load impact force F1 between the steel ball (3) and the hub flange (2).

8. The wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel hub bearing structure is assembled with a steering knuckle (8) through bearing mounting bolts (7) and bearing mounting bolt holes (5), and is assembled with a brake disc (9) through wheel hub flange bolts (6).

9. A wheel hub bearing structure for improving overload impact according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The wheel hub flange (2) is fixedly mounted on the brake disc (9) via wheel hub flange bolts (6), and the bearing outer ring (1) is fixedly mounted on the steering knuckle (8) via bearing mounting bolt holes (5) and bearing mounting bolts (7).

10. The brake overload impact improvement method applied to the hub bearing structure of claim 1, characterized in that: When the wheel hub bearing structure is impacted, the bearing outer ring (1) moves backward and collides with the wheel hub flange (2), so that the annular end surface at the rear of the bearing outer ring (1) and the annular wedge surface at the rear end of the wheel hub flange (2) interfere with each other to form an interference inclined surface, thereby causing interference in the small gap structure between the bearing outer ring (1) and the wheel hub flange (2); and the load impact force F2 of the interference inclined surface is perpendicular to the interference inclined surface and parallel to the load impact force F1 between the steel ball (3) and the second ball arc groove of the wheel hub flange (2), thereby preventing the steel ball (3) from being damaged by impact and extrusion, thereby reducing its service life.

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