Permanent magnet-electric permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing

Abstract

The application discloses a permanent magnet-electric permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing, which comprises a pressing plate, a bearing bush, a stator, a permanent magnet array and an electric permanent magnet array; the pressing plate is located inside the stator and at both ends of the permanent magnet array; the bearing bush is nested inside the stator, the permanent magnet array is arranged between the upper outer side of the bearing bush and the stator, and the electric permanent magnet array is arranged between the lower outer side of the bearing bush and the stator. The electric permanent magnet array is arranged in the lower area of the bearing bush, the magnetic force of the traditional permanent magnet water-lubricated bearing can be adjusted, and the magnetic force requirement of the bearing under different working conditions can be met. The magnetization or demagnetization state of the electric permanent magnet block in the axial direction of the electric permanent magnet array can be regulated, the uniformity of the axial force of the bearing can be adjusted, the magnetization or demagnetization state of the electric permanent magnet block in the circumferential direction of the electric permanent magnet array can be regulated, and the uniformity of the circumferential force of the bearing can be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to radial sliding bearings, and more particularly to a permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing for heavy-duty applications. Background Technology

[0002] Stern bearings in large ships, naval vessels, and other underwater vehicles typically use water-lubricated rubber bearings. However, due to the low viscosity and limited load-bearing capacity of water, it is prone to water film rupture under low-speed, heavy-load conditions, accelerating bearing wear and affecting bearing life. In recent years, permanent magnet water-lubricated bearings have emerged. Their basic design concept is to use magnetic force to replace part of the fluid load in the bearing, increasing the load-bearing limit of the stern bearing and making it more suitable for heavy-load environments.

[0003] The basic idea behind permanent magnet water-lubricated bearings is to use the magnetic force generated by permanent magnets to provide partial load bearing. The magnetic force is determined after the bearing is manufactured. However, in actual stern shaft operation, different speeds are often required. Permanent magnet water-lubricated bearings are highly sensitive to speed; the load-bearing capacity of the water film varies significantly at different speeds. If the magnetic force is fixed, it can easily lead to excessive wear of the bearing bush at low speeds or instability at high speeds. On the other hand, using electromagnetic force instead of permanent magnet force would require a large magnetic force, resulting in huge power consumption and severe heat generation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing. This bearing allows for adjustment of the magnetic force based on operating conditions such as rotational speed during operation, meeting magnetic force requirements under different conditions. Furthermore, by adjusting the uniformity of the axial and circumferential magnetic force, the bearing's orientation can be adjusted, improving the problem of uneven bearing stress caused by cantilever effects or disturbances.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing, comprising a pressure plate, a bearing bush, a stator, a permanent magnet array, and an electro-permanent magnet array;

[0006] The pressure plate is located inside the stator and at both ends of the permanent magnet array;

[0007] The bearing is nested inside the stator, with a permanent magnet array installed between the upper outer side of the bearing and the stator, and an electro-permanent magnet array installed between the lower outer side of the bearing and the stator.

[0008] Furthermore, connecting flanges are provided at both ends of the stator.

[0009] Furthermore, the permanent magnet array includes permanent magnet steels and partitions. The permanent magnet steels are arranged circumferentially and axially, with N groups arranged axially, and M blocks arranged in each group circumferentially. Partitions are provided between adjacent groups of permanent magnet steels. The magnetic force of the permanent magnet array is a fixed value; the shape and size of the permanent magnet array are determined according to the maximum magnetic force required by the bearing under all operating conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the electro-permanent magnet array consists of multiple electro-permanent magnet blocks arranged in L groups along the axial direction, with P blocks arranged in each group along the circumferential direction. The electro-permanent magnet array achieves individual control of each electro-permanent magnet block by controlling the coil current.

[0011] Furthermore, the electro-permanent magnet block includes a permanent magnet, a reversible permanent magnet, a magnetically conductive metal block, and a coil; the magnetically conductive metal block is connected to four permanent magnets on its four sides, and the outer side of the magnetically conductive metal block is connected to the reversible permanent magnet; the coil is wound around the outer side of the reversible permanent magnet, and the direction of the magnetic field of the reversible permanent magnet is controlled by switching the coil on and off, thereby controlling the overall magnetization and demagnetization state of the electro-permanent magnet block.

[0012] Furthermore, the radial cross-sections of the permanent magnet, the partition, the permanent magnet, the reversible permanent magnet, and the magnetically conductive metal block are all fan-shaped annular surfaces.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. This invention, by designing an electro-permanent magnet array in the area below the bearing bush, can adjust the magnetic force of traditional permanent magnet water-lubricated bearings to meet the magnetic force requirements of bearings under different working conditions.

[0015] 2. This invention can adjust the uniformity of force on the bearing in the axial direction by controlling the magnetization or demagnetization state of the electro-permanent magnet blocks in the electro-permanent magnet array.

[0016] 3. This invention can adjust the uniformity of force on the bearing in the circumferential direction by controlling the magnetization or demagnetization state of the electro-permanent magnet blocks in the electro-permanent magnet array. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Axial center section view (longitudinal section view).

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Radial center sectional view (transverse sectional view).

[0020] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the overall installation of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the details of the permanent magnet array in this invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the details of the electro-permanent magnet array in this invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a detailed schematic diagram of a single electro-permanent magnet block in this invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Pressure plate; 2. Bearing bush; 3. Stator; 4. Permanent magnet array; 401. Permanent magnet steel; 402. Partition plate; 5. Electro-permanent magnet array; 501. Reversible permanent magnet; 502. Permanent magnet; 503. Magnetic conductive metal block. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-7 As shown, a permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing includes a pressure plate 1, a bearing shell 2, a stator 3, a permanent magnet array 4, and an electro-permanent magnet array 5;

[0026] The pressure plate 1 is located inside the stator 3 and at both ends of the permanent magnet array 4;

[0027] The bearing 2 is nested inside the stator 3. A permanent magnet array 4 is installed between the upper outer side of the bearing 2 and the stator 3, and an electro-permanent magnet array 5 is installed between the lower outer side of the bearing 2 and the stator 3.

[0028] Furthermore, connecting flanges are provided at both ends of the stator 3.

[0029] Furthermore, the permanent magnet array 4 includes permanent magnet steels 401 and partition plates 402. The permanent magnet steels 401 are arranged in a circumferential and axial direction, with N groups arranged along the axial direction, and M blocks arranged in each group along the circumferential direction. A partition plate 402 is provided between adjacent groups of permanent magnet steels 401. The magnetic force of the permanent magnet array 4 is a fixed value; the shape and size of the permanent magnet array 4 are determined according to the maximum magnetic force value required by the bearing under all working conditions.

[0030] Furthermore, the electro-permanent magnet array 5 consists of multiple electro-permanent magnet blocks arranged in L groups along the axial direction, with P blocks arranged in each group along the circumferential direction. The electro-permanent magnet array 5 achieves individual control of each electro-permanent magnet block by controlling the coil current.

[0031] Furthermore, the electro-permanent magnet block includes a permanent magnet 502, a reversible permanent magnet 501, a magnetically conductive metal block 503, and a coil; the magnetically conductive metal block 503 is connected to four permanent magnets 502 on all four sides, and the outer side of the magnetically conductive metal block 503 is connected to the reversible permanent magnet 501. The coil is wound around the outer side of the reversible permanent magnet 501, and the direction of the magnetic field of the reversible permanent magnet 501 is controlled by switching the coil on and off, thereby controlling the overall magnetization and demagnetization state of the electro-permanent magnet block.

[0032] Furthermore, the radial cross-sections of the permanent magnet 401, the partition 402, the permanent magnet 502, the reversible permanent magnet 501, and the magnetically conductive metal block 503 are all fan-shaped annular surfaces.

[0033] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0034] The permanent magnet array 4 provides the maximum magnetic force required by the bearing under all operating conditions. The permanent magnet array 4 will generate an upward attraction force on the shaft inside the bearing, thus playing a load-bearing role. At this time, if the electro-permanent magnet array 5 is completely demagnetized, the electro-permanent magnet array 5 will not generate magnetic force on the shaft. When the operating conditions change and the magnetic force required by the bearing decreases, the electro-permanent magnet array 5 will be partially or completely magnetized according to the amount of reduction in magnetic force. At this time, the shaft is subjected to the upward magnetic force of the permanent magnet array 4 and the downward magnetic force of the electro-permanent magnet array 5. Therefore, the load-bearing magnetic force is weakened. The electro-permanent magnet array 5 plays a role in regulating the magnitude of the magnetic force.

[0035] When the bearing experiences uneven axial force due to cantilever action or off-center loading, the electro-permanent magnet blocks in the area of ​​the bearing with smaller axial force can be magnetized; when the bearing experiences uneven force in the circumferential direction, the electro-permanent magnet blocks in the area of ​​the bearing with smaller circumferential force can be magnetized; the electro-permanent magnet array 5 is used to regulate the bearing force, making the bearing force uniform and extending the bearing life.

[0036] If the magnetic force of the permanent magnet array 4 is x N and the maximum magnetic force of the electro-permanent magnet array 5 is y N, then xy~xN is the magnetic force range of the permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing.

[0037] The working method of this invention is as follows:

[0038] This invention achieves regulation of the bearing's magnetic force by controlling the electro-permanent magnet blocks in the electro-permanent magnet array 5 below the bearing. The specific regulation method is as follows: When the required magnetic force of the permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing is the maximum designed magnetic force, the entire electro-permanent magnet array 5 below the bearing is demagnetized, and the bearing's magnetic force is entirely provided by the permanent magnet array 4 above; when the required magnetic force decreases relative to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet array 4, the electro-permanent magnet array 5 below the bearing is fully or partially magnetized according to the decrease in magnetic force; when the bearing experiences uneven force in the axial direction, the magnetization state of the electro-permanent magnet blocks in the axial direction of the bearing is changed, increasing the number of electro-permanent magnet blocks in the axial direction of the less stressed areas; when the bearing experiences uneven force in the circumferential direction, the magnetization state of the electro-permanent magnet blocks in the circumferential direction of the bearing is changed, increasing the number of electro-permanent magnet blocks in the circumferential direction of the less stressed areas.

[0039] This invention is not limited to this embodiment. Any equivalent concept or modification within the technical scope disclosed in this invention shall be included within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing, characterized in that: It includes a pressure plate (1), a bearing (2), a stator (3), a permanent magnet array (4), and an electro-permanent magnet array (5); The pressure plate (1) is located inside the stator (3) and at both ends of the permanent magnet array (4); The bearing (2) is nested inside the stator (3). A permanent magnet array (4) is installed between the upper outer side of the bearing (2) and the stator (3), and an electro-permanent magnet array (5) is installed between the lower outer side of the bearing (2) and the stator (3).

2. The permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator (3) is provided with connecting flanges at both ends.

3. The permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet array (4) includes permanent magnet steel (401) and partition plate (402). The permanent magnet steel (401) is arranged in a circumferential and axial direction, with N groups arranged along the axial direction and M blocks arranged in each group along the circumferential direction. A partition plate (402) is set between two adjacent groups of permanent magnet steel (401). The magnetic force of the permanent magnet array (4) is a fixed value. The shape and size of the permanent magnet array (4) are determined according to the maximum magnetic force value required by the bearing under all working conditions.

4. The permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electro-permanent magnet array (5) consists of multiple electro-permanent magnet blocks arranged in L groups along the axial direction, with P blocks arranged in each group along the circumferential direction; the electro-permanent magnet array (5) achieves individual control of each electro-permanent magnet block by controlling the coil current.

5. The permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electro-permanent magnet block includes a permanent magnet (502), a reversible permanent magnet (501), a magnetically conductive metal block (503), and a coil. The magnetically conductive metal block (503) is connected to four permanent magnets (502) on all four sides. The outer side of the magnetically conductive metal block (503) is connected to the reversible permanent magnet (501). The coil is wound around the outer side of the reversible permanent magnet (501). The direction of the magnetic field of the reversible permanent magnet (501) is controlled by switching the coil on and off, thereby controlling the overall magnetization and demagnetization state of the electro-permanent magnet block.

6. A permanent magnet-electro-permanent magnet composite water-lubricated bearing according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The radial cross-sections of the permanent magnet (401), the partition (402), the permanent magnet (502), the reversible permanent magnet (501), and the magnetically conductive metal block (503) are all fan-shaped annular surfaces.

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