Freight train energy recovery and sensor power supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses a freight train energy recovery and sensor power supply system, and relates to the technical field of freight train energy recovery and operation safety, the freight train energy recovery and sensor power supply system comprises an energy recovery device, a vehicle-mounted storage battery, a power supply circuit and a sensor, and the sensor is connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery through the power supply circuit. The vehicle-mounted storage battery is connected with the energy recovery device through a power supply circuit, and is connected with a locomotive auxiliary power supply through a main power supply circuit. According to the system for energy recovery of the freight train and power supply of the sensor of the freight train, the energy recovery device comprises two energy recovery structures, the vibration energy conversion efficiency is improved, power is generated by utilizing energy generated during train operation, power consumption is reduced, and the system is an independent power supply system of the train and can be applied to the freight train. The power supply circuit is simpler than a locomotive-mounted power supply, and the failure rate is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery and operation safety of freight trains, and in particular to a system for energy recovery of freight trains and power supply of sensors thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of railway transportation, the safe and stable operation of locomotives and vehicles is of vital importance. In order to ensure the stability and safety of train operation, it is necessary to install various sensors to detect the operation status of trains in key parts such as the train running gear. Train sensors play a vital role and are widely used to monitor various operating parameters of trains, such as speed, temperature, pressure, vibration, etc., to ensure the safe and efficient operation of trains.

[0003] However, the power supply problem of sensors has always been a key technical challenge. The traditional power supply method mainly relies on the train's onboard power system to provide power to each sensor through wiring. However, this power supply method has many limitations. On the one hand, a large amount of sensor wiring increases the complexity and weight of the train, which not only increases the construction cost, but also in the long-term operation process, line aging, wear and tear and other problems may cause electrical failures, affecting the normal operation of the sensor, and thus threatening the operation safety of the train. On the other hand, the traction locomotive in the non-contact network line is a diesel locomotive. When the train encounters an accident or the power supply system fails, the sensor may not work properly due to loss of power and cannot provide key information to the train control system in time.

[0004] At the same time, there is a lot of available energy during the operation of the train, such as the kinetic energy of the train braking and the mechanical energy generated by vibration. How to effectively recover this energy and use it to power sensors has become a research hotspot. The development of energy recovery technology has provided a new idea for solving the problem of sensor power supply. A suitable energy conversion device can be used to provide sensors with a reliable power supply method independent of traditional power supplies. This can not only reduce the train's dependence on the power supply system, but also improve the energy utilization efficiency and operational reliability of the entire train system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for energy recovery of freight trains and power supply of their sensors, which can effectively recover energy and use it for powering sensors, thereby improving the efficiency of vibration energy conversion.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a system for energy recovery of freight trains and power supply of their sensors, including an energy recovery device, an on-board battery, a power supply line and a sensor, wherein the sensor is connected to the on-board battery via the power supply line, the on-board battery is connected to the energy recovery device via the power supply line, and the on-board battery is connected to the locomotive auxiliary power supply via the main power supply line.

[0007] Preferably, the energy recovery device includes a base, an inertial pendulum, a generator and an electromagnetic power generation mechanism, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism is inside the base, the base is rotatably connected to the center column, the upper end of the center column is fixedly connected to the right end of the inertial pendulum, the lower surface of the left end of the inertial pendulum is connected to the first gear, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the second gear is connected to the transmission shaft of the generator, and the generator is fixed on the base.

[0008] Preferably, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism includes a ring-mounted magnet and a winding coil, the winding coil is located inside the ring-mounted magnet, the ring-mounted magnet and the winding coil are installed in the lower hollow part of the base, the base is connected to the train bogie axle box, and the winding coil is connected to the axle end through bolts or slots.

[0009] Preferably, the base includes a cylinder, a second support plate and a first support plate, the first support plate is connected to the upper part of the cylinder, the upper part of the cylinder is connected to the second support plate by bolts, the lower surface of the support plate is connected to the generator, and the transmission shaft of the generator passes through the second support plate and is connected to the first gear.

[0010] Preferably, the cylinder is a hollow structure, at least one bearing is fixed in the cylinder, the center column extends into the cylinder and is connected to the bearing, a bearing lock is installed in the bearing, the center column passes through the first support plate perpendicular to the cylinder, and is rotatably connected to the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the inertial pendulum is a fan-shaped structure, and inertial pendulum pressure plates are provided above and below the edge of the inertial pendulum, and the inertial pendulum pressure plates are connected to the inertial pendulum by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the inertial pendulum is provided with different arcs, namely 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 180°, and 360°.

[0013] Preferably, the sensor includes a pressure sensor, a micro-electromechanical three-axis acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor, a laser ranging sensor, an axle temperature monitoring sensor, a temperature monitoring sensor and a speed sensor, and the speed sensor is connected to the bearing locker.

[0014] Preferably, the power supply system workflow includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on different operating environments, a matching energy recovery device is selected in the freight train energy recovery and sensor power supply system; Step 2: When the freight train is running, the energy recovery device in the system drives the power generation device in the device to generate electricity; Step 3: The vehicle-mounted independent power supply receives power and starts to store electricity and supply power to the vehicle sensors; Step 4: All sensors on the vehicle are powered and work normally, and display various train operation data in real time; When a train encounters an emergency or the power supply system fails and cannot provide power supply guarantee, the on-board auxiliary power supply is connected to the on-board independent power supply, which can not only power various sensors but also emergency power equipment.

[0015] Preferably, step 2 comprises the following steps: S1: The train is running, the energy recovery device starts to absorb energy, the inertial pendulum drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electromagnetic induction device generates electricity; S2, charging the battery and supplying power to the sensor; S3, the sensor works, and the running speed is fed back through the speed sensor in the sensor; S4, controlling the rotation of the inertial pendulum according to the bearing locker in the operating speed control device; S5. Control the power generation mode of the power generation device to ensure that the system maintains sufficient power generation to provide stable power supply for the sensor.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned system for energy recovery of freight trains and power supply of its sensors, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) The system device of the present invention can be installed on the axle end of the freight train bogie to realize the efficient recovery and utilization of the energy released by the train operation, provide a new power supply method for heavy-duty railways, optimize the power supply system, improve the energy efficiency of the train, extend the working life of the power system, and power the sensors, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and damage detection of the power supply system.

[0017] (2) The vibration energy recovery device provided by the present invention includes two energy recovery structures. Different energy recovery devices can be selected according to different operating environments, different traction conditions and traction locomotive performance to improve the vibration energy conversion efficiency.

[0018] (3) The present invention utilizes the energy generated by the train during operation to generate electricity through an energy recovery device, thereby reducing power consumption, realizing vibration energy recovery and promoting intelligent management.

[0019] (4) The present invention is a power supply system that is independent of the vehicle. The power supply circuit is simpler than that using the locomotive onboard power supply, which greatly reduces the failure rate.

[0020] (5) The present invention has an independent battery that can be connected to the locomotive auxiliary power system to provide emergency protection for other electrical equipment in the event of an emergency during train operation.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a working schematic diagram of the system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy recovery device of the present invention; Figure 4 A bottom oblique stereoscopic view of the energy recovery device of the present invention Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the energy recovery device of the present invention; Figure 6 is a top view of the energy recovery device of the present invention; Reference numerals 1. Base; 2. Inertia pendulum; 3. Center column; 4. Generator; 5. First gear; 6. Second gear; 7. First support plate; 8. Winding coil; 9. Ring magnet; 10. Inertia pendulum pressure plate; 11. Bolt; 12. Cylinder; 13. Second support plate; 14. Bearing; 15. Bearing lock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] Example See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a system for energy recovery and sensor power supply for freight trains, including an energy recovery device, an on-board battery, a power supply line and various sensors. In the entire system, the energy recovery device is connected to the on-board battery through the power supply line, and the battery is connected to various on-board sensors through the power supply line, wherein the speed sensor is connected to the built-in bearing locker through the sensor line to lock the bearing, and the on-board battery has a total power supply line connected to the auxiliary power supply of the locomotive. The vibration energy recovery device is the core device of the present invention, which is responsible for recovering a large amount of energy consumed during the operation of the train and generating electricity.

[0026] The energy recovery device is a device suitable for energy recovery of heavy-load railways, comprising a base 1, an inertial pendulum 2, a central column 3, a generator 4, an electromagnetic power generation mechanism, a first gear 5 and a second gear 6, and a bearing locker 15. The lower end of the central column 3 is perpendicular to the upper end surface of the base 1 and is rotatably connected to the base 1. The right end of the inertial pendulum 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central column 3. The lower surface of the left end of the inertial pendulum 2 is connected to the first gear 5, and the upper surface is connected to the electromagnetic power generation mechanism. The inertial pendulum 2 causes the first gear 5 and the electromagnetic power generation mechanism to rotate, and the central column is located at the center of the first gear 5.

[0027] The lower part of the base 1 is a hollow cylinder, the generator 4 is fixed on the base 1, the second gear 6 is connected to the transmission shaft of the generator 4, and the second gear 6 is meshed with the first gear 5 for transmission; the electromagnetic power generation mechanism is built in the base 1, and the electromagnetic power generation mechanism includes a winding coil 8 and an annular magnet 9. The annular magnet 9 and the winding coil 8 are installed in the hollow part of the lower part of the base 1. The base 1 is connected to the axle box of the train bogie. The winding coil 8 is provided with a bolt hole. The winding coil 8 is connected to the axle end through bolts or slots and is located inside the magnet circle. The winding coil 8 is located inside the annular magnet.

[0028] The inertia pendulum 2 is a fan-shaped structure, the central angle part of the inertia pendulum 2 is fixedly connected to the central column 3, and the arc edge parts of the inertia pendulum 2 are respectively connected to the first gear 5. Two inertia pendulum pressure plates 10 are respectively fixed above and below the edge of the inertia pendulum 2 by bolts 11.

[0029] The base includes a cylinder 12, a first support plate 7 and a second support plate 13. The first support plate 7 is connected to the upper end of the cylinder 12, and the second support plate 13 is connected to the lower end of the cylinder 12; the generator 4 is connected to the lower surface of the second support plate 13 by bolts 11, and the transmission shaft of the generator 4 passes through the first support plate 7 and is connected to the second gear 6. The cylinder 12 is a hollow structure, and at least one bearing 14 is fixed in the cylinder 12. The central column 3 is perpendicular to the cylinder 12 and is rotatably connected to the cylinder 12. The central column 3 extends into the cylinder 12 and is connected to the bearing 14. The built-in bearing locker 15 is installed on the bearing 14 inside the central column to control the rotation of the bearing 14.

[0030] The energy recovery device of the present invention has a relatively simple structure and is easy to operate. Different energy recovery devices can be selected according to different operating environments, different traction conditions and traction locomotive performance. The energy recovery device provides two power generation structures, one is to absorb vibration energy so that the inertial pendulum 2 drives the generator 4 to generate electricity, and the other is to generate electricity by an electromagnetic induction device, wherein the electromagnetic induction power generation device is the main power generation structure. In actual operation applications, due to the different speeds and cargo loads in railway transportation, the size of the vibration energy is different from the operating speed. The inertial pendulum 2 with a smaller angle of the energy recovery device can save materials and make full use of resources. The inertial pendulum 2 with a larger angle can collect more energy on a heavy-load railway with a high speed. However, in the process of transportation at a very slow speed, the inertial pendulum 2 with a large angle will slow down its rotation speed due to its large volume and weight, and will also reduce energy recovery to a certain extent. Therefore, the angle of the inertial pendulum 2 can be selected according to actual conditions, 30°, 60°, 90°, 180°, and 360° are all possible. For the main power generation structure electromagnetic power generation device, the winding coil 8 can be superimposed according to the power consumption in the actual application process to increase the power generation.

[0031] The system of the present invention can provide a variety of different power generation modes, one is a power generation mode combining an electromagnetic power generation device with a generator; one is a mode in which the inertial pendulum 2 is fixed by locking the bearing 14 with a built-in bearing lock 15, and the electromagnetic power generation device alone generates electricity; it can also be freely combined during the entire operation of the train. Because the energy recovery device has a built-in bearing lock 15 and is connected to a speed sensor, the rotation of the bearing 14 can be controlled according to the speed. When the speed is low, it is locked and the electromagnetic power generation device generates electricity; when the speed is high, it is opened and the two power generation structures generate electricity at the same time. Technical personnel in this field can set it according to their needs.

[0032] The working principle of the power generation device in the vibration energy recovery device is as follows: when the train is running, the vibration generated causes the inertial pendulum 2 to rotate around the central column 3, the rotation of the inertial pendulum 2 drives the first gear 5 and the tray to rotate, the first gear 5 drives the second gear 6 to rotate, thereby generating electricity through the generator 4, and the rotation of the tray drives the winding coil 8 to rotate. Since the magnet is placed on the tray, it rotates relative to the winding coil 8, thereby cutting the magnetic flux lines to generate electricity. The present invention provides two energy recovery structures to improve the energy conversion efficiency.

[0033] The first gear 5 is an internal gear, and the second gear 6 is an external gear. The first gear 5 and the second gear 6 can be either internally meshed or externally meshed. Since the meshing rotation of the gears only causes the transmission shaft to drive the generator 4 to generate electricity, there are not many requirements for the meshing mode of the gears. Specifically, those skilled in the art can set it according to their needs, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0034] The energy recovery and sensor power supply system for freight trains has the following steps in its workflow: Step 1: Based on different operating environments, different energy recovery devices are selected in the freight train energy recovery and sensor power supply system.

[0035] Step 2: When the freight train is running, the energy recovery device in the system drives the power generation device in the device to generate electricity.

[0036] Step 3: The energy recovery device generates electricity and supplies power to the on-board independent power supply, which receives power and starts to store electricity and supplies power to vehicle sensors.

[0037] Step 4: All sensors on the vehicle are powered and work normally, and display various train operation data in real time.

[0038] Step 5: When the train encounters an emergency or the power supply system fails and cannot provide power supply guarantee, the on-board auxiliary power supply is connected to the on-board independent power supply, which can not only power various sensors, but also emergency power equipment. The onboard independent power supply is a battery installed in the train bogie. The battery is connected to the vibration energy recovery device, stores the electricity generated by the vibration energy recovery device, and connects to various sensors to provide stable electricity for the normal operation of the sensors. The various sensors of the vehicle receive electricity to work normally and display various operating data of the train in real time. The battery can be selected by the staff according to the conditions of the operating line and operating environment.

[0039] The sensors include: Speed ​​sensor, used together with high-definition color line array scanning unit, to monitor the moving railway freight train in real time.

[0040] Micro-electromechanical (MEMS) three-axis acceleration sensor is used to monitor the running stability and snaking instability of the truck.

[0041] Displacement sensors are used to monitor overloading and unbalanced loading of freight vehicles.

[0042] Laser ranging sensor is used to monitor spring deflection and uses high dynamic response characteristics to achieve spring expansion and contraction measurement.

[0043] Axle temperature monitoring sensor is used to monitor the bearing condition.

[0044] The temperature monitoring sensor is used to monitor the brake shoe status and determine the temperature rise of the wheel and brake shoe when the relief is poor.

[0045] Pressure sensors used to monitor event recorders on railway trains provide important information in the event of an accident, especially the monitoring of pneumatic brake system pressure.

[0046] At this point, the entire invention system has been put into operation, and various sensors have begun to work normally to detect various data of the train operation.

[0047] At the same time, in the system of the present invention, a main line interface with the locomotive auxiliary power supply is reserved in the on-board independent power supply. When the train encounters an emergency or the power supply system fails and cannot provide power supply guarantee, especially when the traction locomotive is a diesel locomotive, when an emergency occurs and the train engine stops and cannot power the train, the on-board auxiliary power supply is connected to the on-board independent power supply, which can not only power various sensors, but also power emergency power equipment.

[0048] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned system for energy recovery of freight trains and power supply of their sensors. The system device of the present invention can be installed on the axle end of the freight train bogie to realize efficient recovery and utilization of the energy released by the train operation, provide a new power supply method for heavy-duty railways, optimize the power supply system, improve the energy efficiency of the train, extend the working life of the power system, and power the sensors, so as to realize real-time monitoring and damage detection of the power supply system. The vibration energy recovery device provided by the present invention includes two energy recovery structures. Different energy recovery devices can be selected according to different operating environments, different traction conditions and traction locomotive performance to improve the vibration energy conversion efficiency.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for energy recovery in freight trains and powering their sensors, characterized in that: It includes an energy recovery device, an on-board battery, a power supply line and a sensor. The sensor is connected to the on-board battery through the power supply line, the on-board battery is connected to the energy recovery device through the power supply line, and the on-board battery is connected to the auxiliary power supply of the locomotive through the main power supply line.

2. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy recovery device includes a base, an inertial pendulum, a generator and an electromagnetic power generation mechanism. The electromagnetic power generation mechanism is inside the base. The base is rotatably connected to the center column. The upper end of the center column is fixedly connected to the right end of the inertial pendulum. The lower surface of the left end of the inertial pendulum is connected to the first gear. The first gear is meshed with the second gear. The second gear is connected to the transmission shaft of the generator. The generator is fixed on the base.

3. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic power generation mechanism includes a ring-mounted magnet and a winding coil. The winding coil is located inside the ring-mounted magnet. The ring-mounted magnet and the winding coil are installed in the lower hollow part of the base. The base is connected to the train bogie axle box, and the winding coil is connected to the axle end through bolts or slots.

4. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base includes a cylinder, a second support plate and a first support plate. The first support plate is connected to the upper part of the cylinder. The upper part of the cylinder is connected to the second support plate by bolts. The lower surface of the support plate is connected to the generator. The transmission shaft of the generator passes through the second support plate and is connected to the first gear.

5. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder is a hollow structure, in which at least one bearing is fixed, a central column extends into the cylinder and is connected to the bearing, a bearing locker is installed in the bearing, the central column passes through the first support plate, is perpendicular to the cylinder, and is rotatably connected to the cylinder.

6. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inertia pendulum is a fan-shaped structure, and inertia pendulum pressure plates are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the inertia pendulum edge. The inertia pendulum pressure plates are connected to the inertia pendulum by bolts.

7. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inertial pendulum is set with different arcs, namely 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 180°, and 360°.

8. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensors include a pressure sensor, a micro-electromechanical three-axis acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor, a laser distance sensor, an axle temperature monitoring sensor, a temperature monitoring sensor and a speed sensor, and the speed sensor is connected to the bearing locker.

9. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight trains according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power supply system workflow includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on different operating environments, a matching energy recovery device is selected in the freight train energy recovery and sensor power supply system; Step 2: When the freight train is running, the energy recovery device in the system drives the power generation device in the device to generate electricity; Step 3: The vehicle-mounted independent power supply receives power and starts to store electricity and supply power to the vehicle sensors; Step 4: All sensors on the vehicle are powered and work normally, and display various train operation data in real time.

10. The system for energy recovery and sensor power supply of freight train according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step 2 includes the following steps: S1: The train is running, the energy recovery device starts to absorb energy, the inertial pendulum drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electromagnetic induction device generates electricity; S2, charging the battery and supplying power to the sensor; S3, the sensor works, and the running speed is fed back through the speed sensor in the sensor; S4, controlling the rotation of the inertial pendulum according to the bearing locker in the operating speed control device; S5. Control the power generation mode of the power generation device to ensure that the system maintains sufficient power generation to provide stable power supply for the sensor.

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