No-tillage efficient combined seed and fertilizer drill

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding machines, in particular to a no-tillage efficient combined seed and fertilizer drill which comprises a seeding unit, the seeding unit comprises a box body, the box body is provided with a walking mechanism, a soil shovel is arranged at the front end of the bottom of the box body, a traction rod is arranged on the front side of the box body, a plurality of chain wheels are arranged in the box body, and one chain wheel is located above the soil shovel; wherein the heights of the two chain wheels on the uppermost side are flush, the chain wheel has a tensioning function and is connected with a driving structure, the chain wheels are connected through a chain belt, the chain belt comprises a plurality of chain blocks which are sequentially connected in a hinged mode, the chain blocks are provided with through grooves, and the distances between the adjacent chain blocks provided with the through grooves are equal. Seeds and fertilizer can be quantitatively pressed into soil between the two arc-shaped clamping plates by matching with a seed releasing device and an electric control valve, a structure similar to a soil ball can be formed, finally, the soil ball falls into a soil ditch at equal intervals, and the soil ball containing the seeds and the fertilizer can be buried into the soil by matching with a ditch leveling structure. No-tillage efficient fertilization and seeding are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed drills, and in particular to a no-tillage and high-efficiency fertilization seed drill. Background Art

[0002] No-till seeding is an agronomic technology that has been advocated and promoted in agricultural operations in recent years. Because it does not require rotary tillage, deep loosening or flat tillage of the soil before seeding, it does not destroy the original soil structure of the seed bed and has good moisture and heat preservation properties for the soil. It is particularly suitable for promotion and application in the vast northern regions of my country where the soil is dry and the moisture conditions are poor in spring.

[0003] The existing no-till seeder has a complex structure and is bulky overall, and it is difficult to synchronize sowing and fertilizing. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a no-tillage and high-efficiency fertilization seeder.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] The invention provides a no-tillage high-efficiency fertilizer seeding machine, comprising a seeding unit, the seeding unit comprising a box body, a walking mechanism is arranged on the box body, a soil shovel is arranged on the bottom front end of the box body, a traction rod is arranged on the front side of the box body, a plurality of sprocket wheels are arranged inside the box body, one of the sprocket wheels is located above the soil shovel, two of the uppermost sprocket wheels are flush with each other, a sprocket wheel with a tensioning effect and connected to a driving structure is also included, the plurality of sprocket wheels are connected by a chain belt, the chain belt comprises a plurality of chain blocks which are hingedly connected in sequence, a plurality of chain blocks are provided with through grooves, adjacent chain blocks with through grooves are spaced at equal intervals, arc-shaped clamping plates are symmetrically hingedly arranged at both ends of the through grooves, the ends of the two arc-shaped clamping plates facing the outer side of the chain belt are open ends, the ends of the two arc-shaped clamping plates facing the inner side of the chain belt are closed ends, and the outer sides of the closed ends of the arc-shaped clamping plates are connected to the inner walls of the through grooves by first springs;

[0007] A seed release device is arranged on the upper side of the box body corresponding to the upper side between the two uppermost sprocket wheels. The seed release device is connected to the seed box. The seeds in the seed box are injected into the space between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in the through groove in sequence through the seed release device. The seed release device is built with a push rod connected to power, and the push rod can be extended into the space between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in sequence.

[0008] A fertilizer box is also arranged on the upper part of the box body, and an electric control valve is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box. The push rod is hollow, and the outlet of the electric control valve is connected to the upper end of the push rod through a hose. A one-way valve plate is hingedly arranged at the lower end of the push rod, and a torsion spring is installed on the hinge shaft; when the push rod moves upward, the one-way valve plate automatically opens due to inertia;

[0009] When the push rod is extended between the two arc-shaped plates, a certain pressure is applied to the seeds and soil inside.

[0010] Furthermore, a guide plate is arranged on the outer side of the sprocket on the rear side of the box body and the lower part of the chain belt, the guide plate is attached to the outer side of the chain belt, and a drop hole is arranged near the lower end of the guide plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer side of the drop hole is connected to a guide pipe, and the lower end of the guide pipe is flush with the lower end of the soil shovel.

[0012] Furthermore, an air pipe is arranged in the box, the upper end of the air pipe is connected to the air pump assembly, the lower end of the air pipe is aligned with the drop hole and is located on the inner side of the chain belt, and there is a gap between the closed ends of the two arc-shaped splints.

[0013] Furthermore, the gap between the closed ends of the two arc-shaped splints is connected by an elastic mesh.

[0014] Furthermore, the seed releasing device includes a first vertical tube and a second vertical tube. The second vertical tube is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the first vertical tube. The first vertical tube is fixedly connected to the box body through a bracket. A spiral blade is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second vertical tube. A first through hole is opened on the inner wall of the lower end of the first vertical tube corresponding to the lower end of the spiral blade. The seed box is fixed to the upper part of the box body. An inclined seed discharge tube is arranged at the bottom of the seed box. The lower end of the seed discharge tube is fitted on the side of the upper end of the second vertical tube. A second through hole is opened on the side of the second vertical tube corresponding to the height of the lower end of the seed discharge tube. The second vertical tube is connected to the rotation driving device. The push rod is arranged inside the first vertical tube and can slide up and down along the first vertical tube. The upper end of the push rod is located on the outer side of the upper end of the first vertical tube and is connected to the bracket through a second spring. The upper end of the push rod is fitted on the side of the cam, and the cam is connected to the power structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary drive device includes a motor in a box body, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the second vertical pipe through a belt assembly.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention can arrange multiple sowing units side by side, and multiple box bodies are connected together. Multiple devices are connected to a tractor through a traction frame, and are dragged forward by the tractor. The soil shovel forms a soil ditch with the land, and the chain belt also has the function of cooperating with breaking the soil. The chain belt is driven to rotate clockwise by the driving structure, and the bottom of the chain belt passes through the soil in the soil ditch, so part of the soil enters between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in the through groove. In conjunction with the seed releasing device and the electric control valve, seeds and fertilizers can be quantitatively pressed into the soil between the two arc-shaped clamping plates. In conjunction with the design of the two arc plates, a structure similar to a soil ball can be formed, and finally the soil balls are dropped into the soil ditch at equal intervals. In conjunction with the flat ditch structure, the soil balls containing seeds and fertilizers can be buried in the soil, thereby realizing no-tillage and efficient fertilization and sowing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part I.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of Part II.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the fertilizer box and the push rod of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, specific implementations of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a no-tillage high-efficiency fertilization seeder, including a sowing unit, the sowing unit including a box body 1, the box body 1 is provided with a walking mechanism, a soil shovel 2 is provided at the bottom front end of the box body 1, a traction rod 3 is provided on the front side of the box body 1, and a plurality of sprocket wheels 4 are provided inside the box body 1, one of the sprocket wheels is located above the soil shovel 2, and the two uppermost sprocket wheels are flush with each other, and also includes a sprocket wheel with a tensioning effect and connected to a driving structure, and the plurality of sprocket wheels are connected by a chain belt 5, and the chain belt includes a plurality of chain blocks 501 that are hingedly connected in sequence, wherein a plurality of chain blocks are provided with through grooves 6, and the spacing between adjacent chain blocks provided with through grooves is equal, and arcuate splints 7 are symmetrically hingedly provided at both ends of the through grooves 6, the ends of the two arcuate splints 7 facing the outer side of the chain belt 5 are open ends, and the ends of the two arcuate splints 7 facing the inner side of the chain belt 5 are closed ends, and the outer sides of the closed ends of the arcuate splints are connected to the inner walls of the through grooves by first springs 8.

[0025] A seed releasing device is arranged on the upper side of the box body at a position between the two uppermost sprocket wheels. The seed releasing device is connected to the seed box 9. The seeds in the seed box are injected into the space between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in the through groove 6 in turn through the seed releasing device. The seed releasing device has a built-in push rod 10 connected to power. The push rod can be inserted into the space between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in turn. When the push rod is inserted into the space between the two arc-shaped clamping plates, a certain pressure is applied to the seeds and soil inside. When the seeds are inserted into the soil, the two arc-shaped plates are pushed to rotate a certain angle around the hinge. At this time, the opening ends of the two arc-shaped plates are close to form a gripping effect, thereby gripping the seeds and soil inside into a soil ball.

[0026] A guide plate 11 is arranged on the outer side of the sprocket near the rear side of the box body and the lower part of the chain belt. The guide plate 11 is fitted on the outer side of the chain belt. As the chain belt rotates, when the soil ball moves to the guide plate position, the guide plate can prevent the soil ball from falling prematurely under the action of its own gravity. A drop hole is arranged near the lower end of the guide plate. The outer side of the drop hole is connected to a guide tube 12. The lower end of the guide tube 12 is flush with the lower end of the soil shovel. When the soil ball moves to the drop hole position, it can roll through the drop hole and the guide tube into the soil ditch opened by the soil shovel.

[0027] An air pipe 13 is also arranged in the box body, the upper end of the air pipe is connected to the air pump assembly, the lower end of the air pipe is aligned with the falling hole and is located on the inner side of the chain belt, there is a gap between the closed ends of the two arc-shaped clamping plates 7, the air pump assembly provides air pressure to the air pipe 13, and air is blown out from the lower end of the air pipe. When the blown air blows to the gap between the closed ends of the two arc-shaped clamping plates, the soil ball between the two arc-shaped plates can be blown downward and accurately fall into the falling hole, thereby preventing the soil ball from sticking to the arc-shaped clamping plates and falling untimely.

[0028] The gap between the closed ends of the two arc-shaped clamping plates 7 is connected by an elastic mesh 14. This design can prevent soil from leaking out of the gap.

[0029] The seed release device includes a first vertical tube 15 and a second vertical tube 16. The second vertical tube is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the first vertical tube. The first vertical tube 15 is fixedly connected to the box body through a bracket. A spiral blade 17 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second vertical tube. A first through hole 18 is opened on the inner wall of the lower end of the first vertical tube 15 corresponding to the lower end position of the spiral blade 17. The seed box is fixed to the upper part of the box body. An inclined seed discharge tube 19 is set at the bottom of the seed box. The lower end of the seed discharge tube 19 is attached to the upper end side of the second vertical tube 16. A second through hole 20 is opened on the side of the second vertical tube 16 corresponding to the height of the lower end of the seed discharge tube. The second vertical tube is connected to the rotation drive device. The push rod 10 is set inside the first vertical tube and can move up and down along the first vertical tube. Sliding, the upper end of the push rod 10 is located outside the upper end of the first vertical tube and is connected to the bracket through the second spring 21, the upper end of the push rod is fitted with the side of the cam 22, the cam 22 is connected to the power structure, and when the push rod is at the highest point, its lower end is located on the upper side of the first through hole. Normally, the lower end of the push rod blocks the first through hole. When the chain block with the through groove 6 moves to the lower end position of the first vertical tube, the chain belt stops, and the power structure drives the cam to rotate rapidly. The push rod moves up first, and at the same time as several seeds fall from the first through hole, the push rod moves down to press the seeds into the soil and form a soil ball. After the push rod moves up and resets, the chain belt continues to rotate, so that a soil ball wrapping the seeds can be formed in each through groove.

[0030] The rotary drive device drives the second vertical tube to rotate. Whenever the second through hole 20 is aligned with the lower end of the seed discharging tube, a certain number of seeds slide into the second vertical tube and then move downward along the spiral blade. The rotary drive device cooperates to drive the second vertical tube to rotate. During the spiral downward movement, the seeds can be arranged in a nearly single row, so that a specified number of seeds fall from the first through hole each time. If a more accurate number of seeds need to fall, the rotary drive device can be used to drive the second vertical tube to rotate reciprocatingly, so that the seeds inside can be better arranged in a single row. Larger seeds can release one seed into the through groove 6 each time to achieve precision sowing.

[0031] An implementation of the rotary drive device includes a motor in a box, wherein the output shaft of the motor is connected to the second vertical pipe via a belt assembly.

[0032] A fertilizer box 23 is also arranged on the upper part of the box body, and an electric control valve 24 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 23. The push rod is hollow, and the outlet of the electric control valve is connected to the upper port of the push rod through a hose. A one-way valve plate 25 is hingedly arranged at the lower port of the push rod, and a torsion spring is installed on the hinge shaft. Under the action of the torsion spring, the one-way valve plate closes the lower port of the push rod. When the fertilizer flows down from the push rod, it is temporarily stored inside the lower end of the push rod. When the push rod moves up, due to inertia, the one-way valve plate opens, and the fertilizer flows out. The fertilizer can be taken out of the fertilizer box by controlling the intermittent opening and closing of the electric control valve. The fertilizer flows out intermittently from the inside through the hose and enters the inside of the push rod, and finally flows out from the lower port of the push rod, falling synchronously with the seeds. The specific coordination is that, in combination with the seed release process mentioned above, when the push rod moves up first, the one-way valve plate opens, and the fertilizer flows out. At this time, the seeds are also released, and the seeds and fertilizer enter the through groove together. When the push rod moves down, the one-way valve closes, and the lower end of the push rod is closed. The closed lower end of the push rod presses the seeds and fertilizer into the soil, forming a soil ball mixed with seeds and fertilizers, so that the fertilizer can be automatically applied near the seeds while sowing.

[0033] The device can be equipped with multiple sowing units side by side, and multiple boxes are connected together. Multiple devices are connected to a tractor through a traction frame, and the tractor drags the device forward. The soil shovel forms a soil ditch on the land, and the chain belt also has the function of breaking the soil. The drive structure drives the chain belt to rotate clockwise (through Figure 1 From the perspective of the soil in the ditch, the bottom of the chain belt passes through the soil in the ditch, so part of the soil enters between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in the through groove. With the seed release device and the electric control valve, the seeds and fertilizers can be quantitatively pressed into the soil between the two arc-shaped clamping plates. With the design of the two arc-shaped plates, a structure similar to a soil ball can be formed, and finally the soil balls can be dropped into the ditch at equal intervals. With the flat ditch structure, the soil balls containing seeds and fertilizers can be buried in the soil, realizing no-tillage and efficient fertilization and sowing.

[0034] The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A no-tillage precision seeder, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sowing unit, which comprises a box body, a walking mechanism is arranged on the box body, a soil shovel is arranged on the bottom front end of the box body, a traction rod is arranged on the front side of the box body, a plurality of sprocket wheels are arranged inside the box body, one of the sprocket wheels is located above the soil shovel, and the two uppermost sprocket wheels are flush with each other, and a sprocket wheel with a tensioning effect and connected to a driving structure is also included, and the plurality of sprocket wheels are connected by a chain belt, and the chain belt comprises a plurality of chain blocks which are hingedly connected in sequence, wherein a plurality of chain blocks are provided with through grooves, and the spacing between adjacent chain blocks with through grooves is equal, and arcuate splints are symmetrically hingedly arranged at both ends of the through grooves, and the ends of the two arcuate splints facing the outer side of the chain belt are open ends, and the ends of the two arcuate splints facing the inner side of the chain belt are closed ends, and the outer side of the closed end of the arcuate splint is connected to the inner wall of the through groove by a first spring; A seed release device is arranged on the upper side of the box body corresponding to the upper side between the two uppermost sprocket wheels. The seed release device is connected to the seed box. The seeds in the seed box are injected into the space between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in the through groove in sequence through the seed release device. The seed release device is built with a push rod connected to power, and the push rod can be extended into the space between the two arc-shaped clamping plates in sequence. A fertilizer box is also arranged on the upper part of the box body, and an electric control valve is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box. The push rod is hollow, and the outlet of the electric control valve is connected to the upper end of the push rod through a hose. A one-way valve plate is hingedly arranged at the lower end of the push rod, and a torsion spring is installed on the hinge shaft; when the push rod moves upward, the one-way valve plate automatically opens due to inertia; When the push rod is extended between the two arc-shaped plates, a certain pressure is applied to the seeds and soil inside.

2. A no-tillage precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate is arranged on the outer side of the sprocket wheel at the rear side of the box body and the lower part of the chain belt. The guide plate is attached to the outer side of the chain belt, and a drop hole is arranged near the lower end of the guide plate.

3. The no-tillage precision seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side of the drop hole is connected to a guide pipe, and the lower end of the guide pipe is flush with the lower end of the soil shovel.

4. The no-tillage precision seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air pipe is also arranged in the box body, the upper end of the air pipe is connected to the air pump assembly, the lower end of the air pipe is aligned with the drop hole and is located on the inner side of the chain belt, and a gap is provided between the closed ends of the two arc-shaped clamping plates.

5. The no-tillage precision seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gap between the closed ends of the two arc-shaped splints is connected by an elastic mesh.

6. The no-tillage precision seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The seed releasing device includes a first vertical tube and a second vertical tube. The second vertical tube is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the first vertical tube. The first vertical tube is fixedly connected to the box body through a bracket. A spiral blade is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second vertical tube. A first through hole is opened on the inner wall of the lower end of the first vertical tube corresponding to the lower end of the spiral blade. The seed box is fixed on the upper part of the box body. An inclined seed discharge tube is arranged at the bottom of the seed box. The lower end of the seed discharge tube is attached to the side of the upper end of the second vertical tube. A second through hole is opened on the side of the second vertical tube corresponding to the height of the lower end of the seed discharge tube. The second vertical tube is connected to the rotating driving device. The push rod is arranged inside the first vertical tube and can slide up and down along the first vertical tube. The upper end of the push rod is located outside the upper end of the first vertical tube and is connected to the bracket through a second spring. The upper end of the push rod is attached to the side of the cam, and the cam is connected to the power structure.

7. The no-tillage precision seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary driving device comprises a motor in a box body, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the second vertical pipe through a belt assembly.

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